The number of males and females in a given population. The distribution may refer to how many men or women or what proportion of either in the group. The population is usually patients with a specific disease but the concept is not restricted to humans and is not restricted to medicine.


A negative regulator of beta-catenin signaling which is mutant in ADENOMATOUS POLYPOSIS COLI and GARDNER SYNDROME.


A genus of freshwater clams, in the family Corbiculidae, class BIVALVIA. It originated in Asia but was introduced in North America and is now found throughout the United States.


A genus of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria whose organisms are part of the normal flora of the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract. Some species are pathogenic for man.


Physicians specializing in treating individuals with hypersensitivity to ALLERGENS.


Any restorative and replacement device that is used as a therapeutic aid in the treatment of periodontal disease. It is an adjunct to other forms of periodontal therapy and does not cure periodontal disease by itself. (Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 3d ed)


A component of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM of RUMINANTS which consists of the ABOMASUM; OMASUM; RETICULUM; and RUMEN.


Process of shifting publicly controlled services and/or facilities to the private sector.


A genus of gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria able to anaerobically oxidize and degrade toluene.


Brain waves with frequency between 15-30 Hz seen on EEG during wakefulness and mental activity.


Natural detergents made up of a heterogeneous mixture of molecules having a triterpenoid core structure. They vary in aglycone (sapogenin) and sugar moieties, including glucose.


The inferior part of the lower extremity between the KNEE and the ANKLE.


Signal molecules that are involved in the control of cell growth and differentiation.


Growth of habitual patterns of behavior in childhood and adolescence.


Small sensory organs which contain gustatory receptor cells, basal cells, and supporting cells. Taste buds in humans are found in the epithelia of the tongue, palate, and pharynx. They are innervated by the CHORDA TYMPANI NERVE (a branch of the facial nerve) and the GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL NERVE.


Organometallic compounds that generally consist of two cylcopentadiene ANIONS joined in their centers by a metallic cation such as NICKEL; IRON; or TITANIUM.


A process of preserving animal hides by chemical treatment (using vegetable tannins, metallic sulfates, and sulfurized phenol compounds, or syntans) to make them immune to bacterial attack, and subsequent treatments with fats and greases to make them pliable. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)


Non-inflammatory enlargement of the gingivae produced by factors other than local irritation. It is characteristically due to an increase in the number of cells. (From Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p400)


A family of New World Monkeys in the infraorder PLATYRRHINI, comprising two subfamilies: ALOUATTINAE and ATELINAE.


A genus of roundworms of the phylum Acanthocephala, parasitic in rats, mice, hamsters, dogs and cats. Occasional infection in man produces inflammation and ulceration of the intestinal mucosa.


Porodittia Calceolaria Jovellana Calceolariaceae

A family in the order Lamiales with several species that are used in TRADITIONAL MEDICINE.


A plant family of the order Malvales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida.


Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview

Lorr's Inpatient Multidimensional Psychiatric Rating Scale

Standardized procedures utilizing rating scales or interview schedules carried out by health personnel for evaluating the degree of mental illness.


Maxillary Ridge Augmentation
Mandibular Ridge Augmentation
Alveolar Ridge Augmentation

Preprosthetic surgery involving rib, cartilage, or iliac crest bone grafts, usually autologous, or synthetic implants for rebuilding the alveolar ridge.


Fluid collected from nipple by gentle aspiration. The fluid contains cells and extracellular fluid from the breast ductal epithelium.


Centrifugation with a centrifuge that develops centrifugal fields of more than 100,000 times gravity. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)


A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Mg, atomic number 12, and atomic weight 24.31. It is important for the activity of many enzymes, especially those involved in OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION.


The statistical manipulation of hierarchically and non-hierarchically nested data. It includes clustered data, such as a sample of subjects within a group of schools. Prevalent in the social, behavioral sciences, and biomedical sciences, both linear and nonlinear regression models are applied.


A family of gram-negative bacteria found primarily in the intestinal tracts and mucous membranes of warm-blooded animals. Its organisms are sometimes pathogenic.


Acute types of coxsackievirus infections or ECHOVIRUS INFECTIONS that usually affect children during the summer and are characterized by vesiculoulcerative lesions on the MUCOUS MEMBRANES of the THROAT; DYSPHAGIA; VOMITING, and FEVER.


Eligibility Certification
Eligibility Determination

Use of criteria to determine eligibility status of patients for medical care programs and services.


Evolvulus Rivea Convolvulaceae Turbina Merremia

A plant genus. Some have been reclassified to IPOMOEA or Turbina.


A repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate societal norms or rules are violated. These behaviors include aggressive conduct that causes or threatens physical harm to other people or animals, nonaggressive conduct that causes property loss or damage, deceitfulness or theft, and serious violations of rules. The onset is before age 18. (From DSM-IV, 1994)


The larval form of various tapeworms of the genus Taenia.


An ethnic group with historical ties to the land of ISRAEL and the religion of JUDAISM.


Preparations of cell constituents or subcellular materials, isolates, or substances.


Cyst occurring in a persistent portion of the urachus, presenting as an extraperitoneal mass in the umbilical region. It is characterized by abdominal pain, and fever if infected. It may rupture, leading to peritonitis, or it may drain through the umbilicus.


The selected form given to a natural tooth when it is reduced by instrumentation to receive a prosthesis (e.g., artificial crown or a retainer for a fixed or removable prosthesis). The selection of the form is guided by clinical circumstances and physical properties of the materials that make up the prosthesis. (Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p239)


The right of the patient or the patient's representative to make decisions with regard to the patient's dying.


Standards or regulations for construction which are designed to ensure safety against electrical hazards, fires, etc.


The region in the dorsal ECTODERM of a chordate embryo that gives rise to the future CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. Tissue in the neural plate is called the neuroectoderm, often used as a synonym of neural plate.


A genus of gram-negative, anaerobic, nonsporeforming, nonmotile rods. Organisms of this genus had originally been classified as members of the BACTEROIDES genus but overwhelming biochemical and chemical findings in 1990 indicated the need to separate them from other Bacteroides species, and hence, this new genus was established.


Extravasation of blood into the skin, resulting in a nonelevated, rounded or irregular, blue or purplish patch, larger than a petechia.


A polymeric mixture of polyesters of phosphoric acid and phloretin. It blocks some cellular responses to prostaglandins.


A purine or pyrimidine base bonded to a DEOXYRIBOSE containing a bond to a phosphate group.


Inorganic or organic salts and esters of nitric acid. These compounds contain the NO3- radical.


Oxidoreductases that are specific for ALDEHYDES.


A plant genus in the family POACEAE. Brachypodium distachyon is a model species for functional genomics studies.


The upper or most anterior segment of the STERNUM which articulates with the CLAVICLE and first two pairs of RIBS.


A derivative of LOVASTATIN and potent competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It may also interfere with steroid hormone production. Due to the induction of hepatic LDL RECEPTORS, it increases breakdown of LDL CHOLESTEROL.


A sudden, audible expulsion of air from the lungs through a partially closed glottis, preceded by inhalation. It is a protective response that serves to clear the trachea, bronchi, and/or lungs of irritants and secretions, or to prevent aspiration of foreign materials into the lungs.


Immunoglobulin molecules having a specific amino acid sequence by virtue of which they interact only with the ANTIGEN (or a very similar shape) that induced their synthesis in cells of the lymphoid series (especially PLASMA CELLS).


Decrease in the size of a cell, tissue, organ, or multiple organs, associated with a variety of pathological conditions such as abnormal cellular changes, ischemia, malnutrition, or hormonal changes.


A species of green microalgae in the family Chlorellaceae. It is used as a model organism for PHOTOSYNTHESIS, and as a food supplement (DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS).


Normal, appropriate sorrowful response to an immediate cause. It is self-limiting and gradually subsides within a reasonable time.


Memory Training
Phenomenography
Learning

Enhancement strategies to improve duration and retention of information.


Anetoderma, Secondary
Anetoderma, Primary
Anetoderma

Benign DERMATOSIS caused by a loss of dermal ELASTIC TISSUE resulting in localized sac-like areas of flaccid skin. It can be either primary (idiopathic) or secondary to other skin conditions, PENICILLAMINE use, or premature birth.


A suborder of ciliate protozoa characterized by non-reduction of the somatic ciliature.


A genus of gram-negative, rod-shaped enterobacteria that can use citrate as the sole source of carbon.


A naturally radioactive element of the actinide metals series. It has the atomic symbol Pu, and atomic number 94. Plutonium is used as a nuclear fuel, to produce radioisotopes for research, in radionuclide batteries for pacemakers, and as the agent of fission in nuclear weapons.


Potassium Cyanide
Potassium Cyanide (K(14)CN)
Potassium Cyanide (K(C(15)N))

A highly poisonous compound that is an inhibitor of many metabolic processes, but has been shown to be an especially potent inhibitor of heme enzymes and hemeproteins. It is used in many industrial processes.


Food that is manufactured from various parts of vegetables.


Therapy by various hot or warm baths in natural mineral waters, spas, or "cures". It includes not only bathing in, but also drinking the waters, but it does not include whirlpool baths (HYDROTHERAPY).


A genus in the dogbane family (Apocynaceae) used in TRADITIONAL MEDICINE for appetite-suppressant properties.


The premature cessation of menses (MENSTRUATION) when the last menstrual period occurs in a woman under the age of 40. It is due to the depletion of OVARIAN FOLLICLES. Premature MENOPAUSE can be caused by diseases; OVARIECTOMY; RADIATION; chemicals; and chromosomal abnormalities.


A condition that is caused by recurring atheroembolism in the lower extremities. It is characterized by cyanotic discoloration of the toes, usually the first, fourth, and fifth toes. Discoloration may extend to the lateral aspect of the foot. Despite the gangrene-like appearance, blue toes may respond to conservative therapy without amputation.


A genus of gram-negative, rod-shaped, phototrophic bacteria found in aquatic environments. Internal photosynthetic membranes are present as lamellae underlying the cytoplasmic membrane.


Rupture of the SPLEEN due to trauma or disease.


Harpullia Cardiospermum Sapindaceae Xanthoceras

A genus of SAPINDACEAE that contains xanthocerasic acid.


Positively charged atoms, radicals or groups of atoms which travel to the cathode or negative pole during electrolysis.


A large vessel supplying the whole length of the small intestine except the superior part of the duodenum. It also supplies the cecum and the ascending part of the colon and about half the transverse part of the colon. It arises from the anterior surface of the aorta below the celiac artery at the level of the first lumbar vertebra.


A plant genus of the family LOGANIACEAE (classified by some botanists as Strychnaceae).


Enzymes catalyzing the transfer of fucose from a nucleoside diphosphate fucose to an acceptor molecule which is frequently another carbohydrate, a glycoprotein, or a glycolipid molecule. Elevated activity of some fucosyltransferases in human serum may serve as an indicator of malignancy. The class includes EC 2.4.1.65; EC 2.4.1.68; EC 2.4.1.69; EC 2.4.1.89.


Cardiac Imaging Techniques
Intracardiac Imaging Techniques

Visualization of the heart structure and cardiac blood flow for diagnostic evaluation or to guide cardiac procedures via techniques including ENDOSCOPY (cardiac endoscopy, sometimes refered to as cardioscopy), RADIONUCLIDE IMAGING; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; TOMOGRAPHY; or ULTRASONOGRAPHY.


Nosodes
Materia Medica
Homeopathic Remedies

Materials or substances used in the composition of traditional medical remedies. The use of this term in MeSH was formerly restricted to historical articles or those concerned with traditional medicine, but it can also refer to homeopathic remedies. Nosodes are specific types of homeopathic remedies prepared from causal agents or disease products.


Thinking Skills
Critical Thinking
Thinking
Thought

Mental activity that is not predominantly perceptual by which one apprehends some aspect of an object or situation based on past learning and experience.


Salts or ions of the theoretical carbonic acid, containing the radical CO2(3-). Carbonates are readily decomposed by acids. The carbonates of the alkali metals are water-soluble; all others are insoluble. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)


Redness of the skin produced by congestion of the capillaries. This condition may result from a variety of disease processes.


Financing, Construction
Bond Issues, Construction
Construction Loans

Funding resources and procedures for capital improvement or the construction of facilities.


The study of the teeth of early forms of life through fossil remains.


Professional practice as an employee or contractee of a health care institution.


Educational programs structured in such a manner that the participating professionals, physicians, or students develop an increased awareness of their performance, usually on the basis of self-evaluation questionnaires.


Pathological enlargement of the LINGUAL THYROID, ectopic thyroid tissue at the base of the TONGUE. It may cause upper AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION; DYSPHAGIA; or HYPOTHYROIDISM symptoms.


Polycyclic compounds with adjacent rings that share the same two adjacent atoms.


Amputation or separation at a joint. (Dorland, 28th ed)


The number of beds under 100 which a hospital has been designed and constructed to contain. It may also refer to the number of beds set up and staffed for use.


Fibroblasts which occur in the CORNEAL STROMA.


A group of inherited disorders characterized by structural alterations within the hemoglobin molecule.


Madura Foot
Actinomycetoma
Mycetoma
Maduromycosis
Eumycetoma

A chronic progressive subcutaneous infection caused by species of fungi (eumycetoma), or actinomycetes (actinomycetoma). It is characterized by tumefaction, abscesses, and tumor-like granules representing microcolonies of pathogens, such as MADURELLA fungi and bacteria ACTINOMYCETES, with different grain colors.


The health status of the family as a unit including the impact of the health of one member of the family on the family as a unit and on individual family members; also, the impact of family organization or disorganization on the health status of its members.


The surgical creation of a new opening in the labyrinth of the ear for the restoration of hearing in cases of OTOSCLEROSIS. (Dorland, 27th ed)


A species of replication-competent oncogene-containing virus in the genus ALPHARETROVIRUS. It is the original source of the src oncogene (V-SRC GENES) and causes sarcoma in chickens.


Learning to make a series of responses in exact order.


Drugs that are chemically similar to naturally occurring metabolites, but differ enough to interfere with normal metabolic pathways. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p2033)


Flavoxate Hydrochloride
Flavoxate
Bladuril
Spasuret
Uronid
Urispas

A drug that has been used in various urinary syndromes and as an antispasmodic. Its therapeutic usefulness and its mechanism of action are not clear. It may have local anesthetic activity and direct relaxing effects on smooth muscle as well as some activity as a muscarinic antagonist.


Division of the tissues attaching the lung to the wall of the chest cavity, to permit collapse of the lung. It was formerly used to treat tuberculosis. (Dorland, 28th ed)


Nanometer-scale composite structures composed of organic molecules intimately incorporated with inorganic molecules. (Glossary of Biotechnology and Nanobiotechology Terms, 4th ed)


A genus of protozoa, formerly also considered a fungus. Characteristics include the presence of violet to brown spores.


Compounds that are designed to mimic the 3D structure of a natural peptide or protein.


Nuclear Protein
Nucleolar Proteins
Nuclear Proteins

Proteins found in the nucleus of a cell. Do not confuse with NUCLEOPROTEINS which are proteins conjugated with nucleic acids, that are not necessarily present in the nucleus.


Enzymes of the oxidoreductase class that catalyze the dehydrogenation of hydroxysteroids. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 1.1.-.


A condition in which one of a pair of legs fails to grow as long as the other, which could result from injury or surgery.


An approach to health care financing with only one source of money for paying health care providers. The scope may be national (the Canadian System), state-wide, or community-based. The payer may be a governmental unit or other entity such as an insurance company. The proposed advantages include administrative simplicity for patients and providers, and resulting significant savings in overhead costs. (From Slee and Slee, Health Care Reform Terms, 1993, p106)


A plant genus of the family ANNONACEAE. Members contain cyclopeptides and styrylpyrones.


The facial skeleton, consisting of bones situated between the cranial base and the mandibular region. While some consider the facial bones to comprise the hyoid (HYOID BONE), palatine (HARD PALATE), and zygomatic (ZYGOMA) bones, MANDIBLE, and MAXILLA, others include also the lacrimal and nasal bones, inferior nasal concha, and vomer but exclude the hyoid bone. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p113)


Adrenergic Neurons
Noradrenergic Neurons

Neurons whose primary neurotransmitter is NOREPINEPHRINE.


A genus of marine sea slugs in the family Glaucidae, superorder GASTROPODA, found on the Pacific coast of North America. They are used in behavioral and neurological laboratory studies.


Organic compounds that contain iron in carbon-to-iron chemical bond.


Androstanes in which ring contractions have occurred or which are lacking carbon-18. Compounds with any degree of unsaturation are included. Androstanes which are lacking carbon-19 are ESTRANES.


A scraping, usually of the interior of a cavity or tract, for removal of new growth or other abnormal tissue, or to obtain material for tissue diagnosis. It is performed with a curet (curette), a spoon-shaped instrument designed for that purpose. (From Stedman, 25th ed & Dorland, 27th ed)


Compounds that are derived from PIPERAZINE.


Any combustible hydrocarbon deposit formed from the remains of prehistoric organisms. Examples are petroleum, coal, and natural gas.


A subfamily of assassin bugs (REDUVIIDAE) that are obligate blood-suckers of vertebrates. Included are the genera TRIATOMA; RHODNIUS; and PANSTRONGYLUS, which are vectors of TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI, the agent of CHAGAS DISEASE in humans.


A class of compounds that contain a -NH2 and a -NO radical. Many members of this group have carcinogenic and mutagenic properties.


The administration of medication by insertion of a tiny needle or catheter into the spinal sac or epidural cavity.


Cyclic GLUCANS consisting of eight (8) glucopyranose units linked by 1,4-glycosidic bonds.


Paralysis caused by a neurotropic toxin secreted by the salivary glands of ticks.


Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart (ENDOCARDIUM), the continuous membrane lining the four chambers and HEART VALVES. It is often caused by microorganisms including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and rickettsiae. Left untreated, endocarditis can damage heart valves and become life-threatening.


A malignant epithelial tumor of glandular tissue, especially the salivary glands, characterized by acini with mucus-producing cells and by the presence of malignant squamous elements. Most mucoepidermoid tumors are low-grade lesions readily cured by adequate excision. They may appear in any age group. They grow slowly. If high-grade, they behave aggressively, widely infiltrating the salivary gland and producing lymph node and distant metastases. (Dorland, 27th ed; from DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p575)


A family of lanceolate liver flukes of the class Trematoda which occurs in animals and man. There are several genera including Amphimerus, Cyclorchis, Delphinicola, Metorchis, Parametorchis, Phocitrema, Clonorchis, and Opisthorchis.


A condition of having no sperm present in the ejaculate (SEMEN).


A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent that is less effective than equal doses of ASPIRIN in relieving pain and reducing fever. However, individuals who are hypersensitive to ASPIRIN may tolerate sodium salicylate. In general, this salicylate produces the same adverse reactions as ASPIRIN, but there is less occult gastrointestinal bleeding. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p120)


A species of gram-negative bacteria causing MASTITIS; ARTHRITIS; and RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES in CATTLE.


The type species of LYSSAVIRUS causing rabies in humans and other animals. Transmission is mostly by animal bites through saliva. The virus is neurotropic multiplying in neurons and myotubes of vertebrates.


An intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed)


A divalent calcium ionophore that is widely used as a tool to investigate the role of intracellular calcium in cellular processes.


Prostheses used to partially or totally replace a human or animal joint. (from UMDNS, 1999)


A change in the CERVIX UTERI with respect to its readiness to relax. The cervix normally becomes softer, more flexible, more distensible, and shorter in the final weeks of PREGNANCY. These cervical changes can also be chemically induced (LABOR, INDUCED).


A large order of insects comprising the butterflies and moths.


A diagnostic test in which vitamin B12 is tagged with radioactive cobalt, taken orally, and gastrointestinal absorption is determined via measurement of the amount of radioactivity in a 24-hour urine collection.


Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus
Foveavirus
Capillovirus
Allexivirus
Mandarivirus
Flexiviridae
Betaflexiviridae
Tepovirus
Gammaflexiviridae
Trichovirus
Vitivirus
Alphaflexiviridae
Citrivirus

A family of RNA plant viruses that infect a wide range of herbaceous and woody plant species. There are at least eight genera including POTEXVIRUS and CARLAVIRUS, both of which are highly immunogenic.


A phylum of flagellated fungi, formerly the order Blastocladiales under CHYTRIDIOMYCOTA.


Political movement which combines nationalism with demands for political and social renewal. Characteristics include militaristic nationalism, belief in a natural social hierarchy and the rule of elites, and the desire to create a “people’s community”, in which individual interests would be subordinated to the good of the nation. (From www.britannica.com/topic/fascism)


Diseases of the nail plate and tissues surrounding it. The concept is limited to primates.


A cystic form of sweat gland adenoma (ADENOMA, SWEAT GLAND). It is produced by the cystic proliferation of apocrine secretory glands. It is not uncommon, occurring in adult life in no particular age group, with males and females equally affected. The commonest site is around the eye, particularly lateral to the outer canthus. It is cured by surgical removal. (Stedman, 25th ed; Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2410)


Derivatives of the steroid androstane having three double bonds at any site in any of the rings.


A genus of phototrophic, obligately anaerobic bacteria in the family Chlorobiaceae. They are found in hydrogen sulfide-containing mud and water environments.


Degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions.


A plant genus of the family TILIACEAE. Members contain cycloartane saponins and CARDENOLIDES.


Ageusia
Taste-Blindness
Hypogeusia
Ageusia, Hysterical

Complete or severe loss of the subjective sense of taste, frequently accompanied by OLFACTION DISORDERS.


Stable sulfur atoms that have the same atomic number as the element sulfur, but differ in atomic weight. S-33, 34, and 36 are stable sulfur isotopes.


A group of 20-member macrolactones in which there are three remotely substituted pyran rings that are linked by a methylene bridge and an E-disubstituted alkene, and have geminal dimethyls at C8 and C18 carbons. Some interact with PROTEIN KINASE C.


Steel wires, often threaded through the skin, soft tissues, and bone, used to fix broken bones. Kirschner wires or apparatus also includes the application of traction to the healing bones through the wires.


Double Bind Theory
Double Bind Interaction

Simultaneous communication of conflicting messages in which the response to either message evokes rejection or disapproval. (APA, Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 8th ed.)


A permanent ashen-gray discoloration of the skin, conjunctiva, and internal organs resulting from long-continued use of silver salts. (Dorland, 27th ed)


A benzothaizole which is oxidized by LUCIFERASES, FIREFLY to cause emission of light (LUMINESCENCE).


A plant genus of the family Plantaginaceae. Members contain phenylpropanoid and iridoid glycosides.


N-acylated oligopeptides isolated from culture filtrates of Actinomycetes, which act specifically to inhibit acid proteases such as pepsin and renin.


An order of parasitic organisms in the class COCCIDIA. Families include CRYPTOSPORIDIIDAE; EIMERIIDAE; and SARCOCYSTIDAE.


Infections with bacteria of the family CHLAMYDIACEAE.


Devices which mechanically oxygenate venous blood extracorporeally. They are used in combination with one or more pumps for maintaining circulation during open heart surgery and for assisting the circulation in patients seriously ill with some cardiac and pulmonary disorders. (UMDNS, 1999)


A selective pre- and post-emergence herbicide. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)


The administrative process of discharging the patient, alive or dead, from hospitals or other health facilities.


Failure of the PLACENTA to deliver an adequate supply of nutrients and OXYGEN to the FETUS.


Turraea Swietenia Guarea Dysoxylum Sandoricum Meliaceae Khaya Trichilia Carapa

A plant genus. Members contain LIMONOIDS.


A region extending from the PONS & MEDULLA OBLONGATA through the MESENCEPHALON, characterized by a diversity of neurons of various sizes and shapes, arranged in different aggregations and enmeshed in a complicated fiber network.


Physicians specializing in MEDICAL ONCOLOGY or its sub-specialties of RADIATION ONCOLOGY or SURGICAL ONCOLOGY.


Any of the large interior organs in any one of the three great cavities of the body, especially in the abdomen.


Fenactil
Chlorazine
Propaphenin
Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride
Largactil
Chlordelazine
Chlorpromazine
Aminazine
Thorazine
Contomin

The prototypical phenothiazine antipsychotic drug. Like the other drugs in this class chlorpromazine's antipsychotic actions are thought to be due to long-term adaptation by the brain to blocking DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. Chlorpromazine has several other actions and therapeutic uses, including as an antiemetic and in the treatment of intractable hiccup.


A family of perennial herbaceous plants, in the order Asparagales, with the underground storage organs, rhizomes or corms.


Gradual bilateral hearing loss associated with aging that is due to progressive degeneration of cochlear structures and central auditory pathways. Hearing loss usually begins with the high frequencies then progresses to sounds of middle and low frequencies.


The act, process, or result of passing from one place or position to another. It differs from LOCOMOTION in that locomotion is restricted to the passing of the whole body from one place to another, while movement encompasses both locomotion but also a change of the position of the whole body or any of its parts. Movement may be used with reference to humans, vertebrate and invertebrate animals, and microorganisms. Differentiate also from MOTOR ACTIVITY, movement associated with behavior.


Heterodimers of FLAVONOIDS bound to LIGNANS.


The process of solids transforming into a gaseous state or vice versa, without passing through a liquid state.


Physicians who are employed to work exclusively in hospital settings, primarily for managed care organizations. They are the attending or primary responsible physician for the patient during hospitalization.


A group of compounds that are derivatives of beta-methylacetylcholine (methacholine).


Nerve fibers liberating acetylcholine at the synapse after an impulse.


Any of three isomeric crystalline aromatic methylphenols, also known as hydroxytoluenes.


The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.


A psychoanalytic term meaning self-love.


A system in which the functions of the man and the machine are interrelated and necessary for the operation of the system.


The genetic complement of an archaeal organism (ARCHAEA) as represented in its DNA.


A plant family of the order Liliales, subclass Liliidae, class Liliopsida (monocotyledon).


A cognitive process involving the formation of ideas generalized from the knowledge of qualities, aspects, and relations of objects.


A school of thought and set of moral, ethical, and political teachings usually considered to be founded by Confucius in 6th-5th century B.C. China. (from Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy, 1995)


Surgical Attire
Surgical Shoe Covers
Surgical Gowns

Sterile fabric or fabric-like covering worn during presence at surgical procedures to protect the surgical site from sources of contamination.


A condition caused by a brief whole body exposure to more than one sievert dose equivalent of radiation. Acute radiation syndrome is initially characterized by ANOREXIA; NAUSEA; VOMITING; but can progress to hematological, gastrointestinal, neurological, pulmonary, and other major organ dysfunction.


A method of ETHICAL ANALYSIS that emphasizes practical problem solving through examining individual cases that are considered to be representative; sometimes used to denote specious argument or rationalization. Differentiate from casuistics, which is the recording and study of cases and disease.


A genus of OOMYCETES in the family Saprolegniaceae. It causes root rot in plants and is also a pathogen of FISHES.


A section of around two dozen species in the plant genus Kalanchoe.


A benzodiazepine derivative that is a long-acting GABA-A RECEPTOR agonist. It is used as an antiepileptic in the treatment of SEIZURES, including seizures associated with LENNOX-GASTAUT SYNDROME.  It is also used as an anxiolytic, for the short-term treatment of acute ANXIETY.


Saturated quinolizines that are two fused six-membered rings with a nitrogen atom at the ring fusion. They are biosynthesized in PLANTS by cyclization of a LYSINE coupled to CADAVERINE. Many of them are naturally occurring ALKALOIDS.


Discrete concentrations of energy, apparently massless elementary particles, that move at the speed of light. They are the unit or quantum of electromagnetic radiation. Photons are emitted when electrons move from one energy state to another. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed)


A graphic device used in decision analysis, series of decision options are represented as branches (hierarchical).


Public Enterprise
Public Domain
Public Sector

The area of a nation's economy that is tax-supported and under government control.


Either of the two longitudinally adjacent threads formed when a eukaryotic chromosome replicates prior to mitosis. The chromatids are held together at the centromere. Sister chromatids are derived from the same chromosome. (Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)


Bouts of physical irritability or movement alternating with periods of quiescence. It includes biochemical activity and hormonal activity which may be cellular. These cycles are shorter than 24 hours and include sleep-wakefulness cycles and the periodic activation of the digestive system.


Specialized hospital facilities which provide intensive care for burn patients.


Stabilizing Agents
Excipients
Suspending Agents

Usually inert substances added to a prescription in order to provide suitable consistency to the dosage form. These include binders, matrix, base or diluent in pills, tablets, creams, salves, etc.


Dissolution of bone that particularly involves the removal or loss of calcium.


Sphincter of Oddi Dyskinesia
Sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction
Sphincter of Oddi Stenosis

Organic or functional motility disorder involving the SPHINCTER OF ODDI and associated with biliary COLIC. Pathological changes are most often seen in the COMMON BILE DUCT sphincter, and less commonly the PANCREATIC DUCT sphincter.


A water-soluble polypeptide (molecular weight approximately 8,000) extractable from the corpus luteum of pregnancy. It produces relaxation of the pubic symphysis and dilation of the uterine cervix in certain animal species. Its role in the human pregnant female is uncertain. (Dorland, 28th ed)


Health Benefits
Insurance Beneficiary
Insurance Benefits

Any person, either as a subscriber or a dependent, eligible for services or benefits under an insurance plan. May also refer to the recipient of a trust, will, insurance policy, or program such as Social Security.


Particles consisting of aggregates of molecules held loosely together by secondary bonds. The surface of micelles are usually comprised of amphiphatic compounds that are oriented in a way that minimizes the energy of interaction between the micelle and its environment. Liquids that contain large numbers of suspended micelles are referred to as EMULSIONS.


Cyanogen bromide (CNBr). A compound used in molecular biology to digest some proteins and as a coupling reagent for phosphoroamidate or pyrophosphate internucleotide bonds in DNA duplexes.


Gossypol, (-)-Isomer
Gossypol, (+-)-Isomer
Gossypol
Gossypol, (+)-Isomer
Gossypol Dipotassium Salt
Gossypol Sodium Salt

A dimeric sesquiterpene found in cottonseed (GOSSYPIUM). The (-) isomer is active as a male contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS, MALE) whereas toxic symptoms are associated with the (+) isomer.


A sterile solution containing the by-products of growth products of COCCIDIOIDES IMMITIS, injected intracutaneously as a test for COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS.


Titanium Plate Mandibular Reconstruction

The use of titanium plates in mandibular reconstructive surgery


The beginning of true OBSTETRIC LABOR which is characterized by the cyclic uterine contractions of increasing frequency, duration, and strength causing CERVICAL DILATATION to begin (LABOR STAGE, FIRST ).


Genes whose loss of function or gain of function MUTATION leads to the death of the carrier prior to maturity. They may be essential genes (GENES, ESSENTIAL) required for viability, or genes which cause a block of function of an essential gene at a time when the essential gene function is required for viability.


The posterior process on the ramus of the mandible composed of two parts: a superior part, the articular portion, and an inferior part, the condylar neck.


One ring heterocyclic compounds defined by C6H7NO. Permitted are any degree of hydrogenation, any substituents and any ortho-fused or ortho-peri-fused ring systems.


Antigenic characteristics and DNA fingerprint patterns identified from blood stains. Their primary value is in criminal cases.


Dentists specializing in the treatment of injuries and diseases of the DENTAL PULP.


A schedule prescribing when the subject is to be reinforced or rewarded in terms of temporal interval in psychological experiments. The schedule may be continuous or intermittent.


Congenital, often bilateral, retinal abnormality characterized by the arrangement of outer nuclear retinal cells in a palisading or radiating pattern surrounding a central ocular space. This disorder is sometimes hereditary.


Rare myofibroma-like perivascular soft tissue tumor, usually benign, characterized by concentric perivascular proliferation.


The ability to estimate periods of time lapsed or duration of time.


A plant family of the order Violales (by some in Begoniales), subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida. Members are found throughout tropical and warm temperate habitats. Most are perennial herbs with monoecious flowers (both sexes on the same plant). Fruits are usually capsules containing many tiny seeds.


The giving of advice and assistance to individuals with educational or personal problems.


A method of detecting gene mutation by mixing PCR-amplified mutant and wild-type DNA followed by denaturation and reannealing. The resultant products are resolved by gel electrophoresis, with single base substitutions detectable under optimal electrophoretic conditions and gel formulations. Large base pair mismatches may also be analyzed by using electron microscopy to visualize heteroduplex regions.


A species of Streptococcus that is pathogenic in fish and may also cause disease in humans who routinely handle infected fish. Those who are of Asian descent, elderly, or have chronic diseases such as DIABETES MELLITUS; RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE; or LIVER CIRRHOSIS are more susceptible to Streptococcus iniae infections.


An exchange of DNA between matching or similar sequences.


A BROWN ALGAE closely related to FUCUS. It is found attached to rocks and boulders on the middle shore, primarily in the North Atlantic basin.


A plant genus in the family FABACEAE known for LATHYRISM poisoning.


The circumstances in which people are born, grow up, live, work, and age, as well as the systems put in place to deal with illness. These circumstances are in turn shaped by a wider set of forces: economics, social policies, and politics (http://www.cdc.gov/socialdeterminants/).


Noise associated with transportation, particularly aircraft and automobiles.


The use of techniques that produce a functional MUTATION or an effect on GENE EXPRESSION of a specific gene of interest in order to identify the role or activity of the gene product of that gene.


The design, completion, and filing of forms with the insurer.


Intravenous injections of sodium amytal or sodium pentothal to induce a state in which the patient is more relaxed and communicative. Narcosuggestion, narcosynthesis, and narcoanalysis are therapeutic processes using these drug adjuncts.


The confinement of a patient in a hospital.


A family of gram-negative bacteria belonging to the order Rickettsiales.


A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE that causes vermeersiekte poisoning of sheep in South Africa. Members contain dihydrogriesenin and ivalin (sesquiterpene lactones).


The presence of chyle in the thoracic cavity. (Dorland, 27th ed)


An increase in MITOCHONDRIAL VOLUME due to an influx of fluid; it occurs in hypotonic solutions due to osmotic pressure and in isotonic solutions as a result of altered permeability of the membranes of respiring mitochondria.


A plant genus of the family CUPRESSACEAE. Cypress ordinarily refers to this but also forms part of the name of plants in other genera.


A system of organs and tissues that process and transport immune cells and LYMPH.


Methods for recognizing the state of ESTRUS.


Hemedonin
Hematoporphyrin
Hematoporphyrins
Haematoporphyrin IX

Iron-free derivatives of heme with 4 methyl groups, 2 hydroxyethyl groups and 2 propionic acid groups attached to the pyrrole rings. Some of these PHOTOSENSITIZING AGENTS are used in the PHOTOTHERAPY of malignant NEOPLASMS.


A benign neoplasm derived from glandular epithelium, in which cystic accumulations of retained secretions are formed. In some instances, considerable portions of the neoplasm, or even the entire mass, may be cystic. (Stedman, 25th ed)


A family of flowering plants in the order Caryophyllales, with about 60 genera and more than 800 species of plants, with a few shrubs, trees, and vines. The leaves usually have nonindented edges.


Protein Binding
Plasma Protein Binding Capacity

The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.


A malabsorption syndrome resulting from extensive operative resection of the SMALL INTESTINE, the absorptive region of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.


Branch of medicine involved with management and organization of public health response to disasters and major events including the special health and medical needs of a community in a disaster.


The GENETIC RECOMBINATION of the parts of two or more GENES, including an ONCOGENE as at least one of the fusion partners. Such gene fusions are often detected in neoplastic cells and are transcribed into ONCOGENE FUSION PROTEINS.


School Admission Criteria
Student Selection

Requirements for the selection of students for admission to academic institutions.


Necrosis or disintegration of skeletal muscle often followed by myoglobinuria.


Flaps within the VEINS that allow the blood to flow only in one direction. They are usually in the medium size veins that carry blood to the heart against gravity.


Cytoplasm stored in an egg that contains nutritional reserves for the developing embryo. It is rich in polysaccharides, lipids, and proteins.


A family of stalked bacteria that reproduces by budding. There are four genera: CAULOBACTER, Asticcacaulis, Brevundimonas, and Phenylobacterium.


Polyradiculopathy, Abdominal
Polyradiculopathy
Polyradiculitis

Disease or injury involving multiple SPINAL NERVE ROOTS. Polyradiculitis refers to inflammation of multiple spinal nerve roots.


Cyclic peptides extracted from carpophores of various mushroom species. They are potent inhibitors of RNA polymerases in most eukaryotic species, blocking the production of mRNA and protein synthesis. These peptides are important in the study of transcription. Alpha-amanitin is the main toxin from the species Amanitia phalloides, poisonous if ingested by humans or animals.


Remains, impressions, or traces of animals or plants of past geological times which have been preserved in the earth's crust.


A family of spiral bacteria of the order SPIROCHAETALES.


An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of alpha,alpha-trehalose and water to D-glucose. EC 3.2.1.28.


A material transfer technique used for assembling biological material or cells into a prescribed organization to create functional structures such as MICROCHIP ANALYTICAL DEVICES, cell microarrays, or three dimensional anatomical structures.


Early stage of HIV infection. Symptoms resemble INFLUENZA or INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS.


Qualified medical professionals who specialize in preventing and treating disorders of the heart and CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.


Pigment obtained by the oxidation of epinephrine.


Bezafisal
Regadrin B
Bezafibrate
Béfizal
Sklerofibrat
Bezafibrat PB
Cedur
durabezur
BM-15.075
Befibrat
Eulitop
Bezabeta
Beza-Puren
Lipox
Bezamerck
Azufibrat
Beza-Lande
Reducterol
Solibay
Bezacur
Bezalip
Difaterol

An antilipemic agent that lowers CHOLESTEROL and TRIGLYCERIDES. It decreases LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS and increases HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS.


Endoscopes for the visualization of the interior of the bronchi.


Environmental reservoirs of water related to natural WATER CYCLE by which water is obtained for various purposes. This includes but is not limited to watersheds, aquifers and springs.


Infection with group A streptococci that is characterized by tonsillitis and pharyngitis. An erythematous rash is commonly present.


Frozen Semen
Sperm Preservation
Semen Preservation

The process by which semen is kept viable outside of the organism from which it was derived (i.e., kept from decay by means of a chemical agent, cooling, or a fluid substitute that mimics the natural state within the organism).


The neural systems which act on VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE to control blood vessel diameter. The major neural control is through the sympathetic nervous system.


Arthropods of the class ARACHNIDA, order Araneae. Except for mites and ticks, spiders constitute the largest order of arachnids, with approximately 37,000 species having been described. The majority of spiders are harmless, although some species can be regarded as moderately harmful since their bites can lead to quite severe local symptoms. (From Barnes, Invertebrate Zoology, 5th ed, p508; Smith, Insects and Other Arthropods of Medical Importance, 1973, pp424-430)


Use of various chemical separation and extraction methods, such as SOLID PHASE EXTRACTION; CHROMATOGRAPHY; and SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION; to prepare samples for analytical measurement of components.


The degree of replication of the chromosome set in the karyotype.


Excess of normal lymphocytes in the blood or in any effusion.


The number of offspring produced at one birth by an oviparous or ovoviviparous animal.


A mitosporic fungal genus. Phialophora verrucosa is a cause of chromomycosis (CHROMOBLASTOMYCOSIS). Ophiobolus is the teleomorph of Phialophora.


Institutions for the housing and care of orphans, foundlings, and abandoned children. They have existed as such since the medieval period but the heading is applicable to such usage also in modern parlance.


A method of speech used after laryngectomy, with sound produced by vibration of the column of air in the esophagus against the contracting cricopharyngeal sphincter. (Dorland, 27th ed)


The recording of wavelike motions or undulations. It is usually used on arteries to detect variations in blood pressure.


A complete separation or tear in the wall of the UTERUS with or without expulsion of the FETUS. It may be due to injuries, multiple pregnancies, large fetus, previous scarring, or obstruction.


Abnormal intracellular inclusions, composed of denatured hemoglobin, found on the membrane of red blood cells. They are seen in thalassemias, enzymopathies, hemoglobinopathies, and after splenectomy.


The World Health Organization's classification categories of health and health-related domains. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) consists of two lists: a list of body functions and structure, and a list of domains of activity and participation. The ICF also includes a list of environmental factors.


A form of malignant cancer which occurs within the eyeball.


Migration of a foreign body from its original location to some other location in the body.


Preparatory activities in ROOT CANAL THERAPY by partial or complete extirpation of diseased pulp, cleaning and sterilization of the empty canal, enlarging and shaping the canal to receive the sealing material. The cavity may be prepared by mechanical, sonic, chemical, or other means. (From Dorland, 28th ed, p1700)


Mutant strain of Rattus norvegicus which is used as a disease model of kernicterus.


Instructional materials used in teaching.


A technique used to measure the rate of physiological activity plotted against wavelength of light. An action spectrum depicts the most effective wavelength of light (also known as spectral sensitivity) that is required for each specific process.


Deficient development or degeneration of a portion of the VERTEBRA, usually in the pars interarticularis (the bone bridge between the superior and inferior facet joints of the LUMBAR VERTEBRAE) leading to SPONDYLOLISTHESIS.


Nanovirus
Subterranean clover stunt virus


A tissue preparation technique that involves the injecting of plastic (acrylates) into blood vessels or other hollow viscera and treating the tissue with a caustic substance. This results in a negative copy or a solid replica of the enclosed space of the tissue that is ready for viewing under a scanning electron microscope.


The uptake of substances from the VAGINA via the vaginal epithelium/mucosa.


A rare PARAGANGLIOMA involving the GLOMUS TYMPANICUM, a collection of chemoreceptor tissue adjacent to the TYMPANIC CAVITY. It can cause TINNITUS and conductive hearing loss (HEARING LOSS, CONDUCTIVE).


Vascular plants of the order SAXIFRAGALES, class MAGNOLIOPSIDA, of which the sole genus is DAPHNIPHYLLUM.


A mitosporic fungal genus occurring in soil or decaying plant matter. It is structurally similar to Penicillium.


Shellfish Poisoning
Neurotoxic Shellfish Poisoning
Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning
Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning
Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning

A condition caused by ingestion of shellfish contaminated with toxins from Dinophysis species.


External surgical fistulization of the pharynx for feeding.


The sudden, forceful, involuntary expulsion of air from the NOSE and MOUTH caused by irritation to the MUCOUS MEMBRANES of the upper RESPIRATORY TRACT.


Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum antibacterial derived from CEPHALORIDINE and used especially for Pseudomonas and other gram-negative infections in debilitated patients.


Works of art formed primarily by the direct application of pigments suspended in oil, water, egg yolk, molten wax, or other liquid, arranged in masses of color, onto a generally two-dimensional surface. (Getty ATT)


Support Vector Machine
Support Vector Network

SUPERVISED MACHINE LEARNING algorithm which learns to assign labels to objects from a set of training examples. Examples are learning to recognize fraudulent credit card activity by examining hundreds or thousands of fraudulent and non-fraudulent credit card activity, or learning to make disease diagnosis or prognosis based on automatic classification of microarray gene expression profiles drawn from hundreds or thousands of samples.


Benzene derivatives that include one or more hydroxyl groups attached to the ring structure.


Nucleobase, Nucleoside, Nucleotide, and Nucleic Acid Transport Proteins

A broad class of proteins involved in the transport of nucleobases, NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; and NUCLEIC ACIDS; across membranes.


Techniques using energy such as radio frequency, infrared light, laser light, visible light, or acoustic energy to transfer information without the use of wires, over both short and long distances.


A rating scale that measures INVOLUNTARY MOVEMENTS known as TARDIVE DYSKINESIA.


A hole or break through the wall of the UTERUS, usually made by the placement of an instrument or INTRAUTERINE DEVICES.


Dibenzocyclooctanes Cyclooctenes Benzocyclooctanes Cyclooctodienes Benzocyclooctenes Cyclooctanes

Compounds containing a benzyl group attached to an 8-carbon cyclooctane.


Abnormally rapid heartbeat, usually with a HEART RATE above 100 beats per minute for adults. Tachycardia accompanied by disturbance in the cardiac depolarization (cardiac arrhythmia) is called tachyarrhythmia.


A radiosensitive, malignant neoplasm of the testis, thought to be derived from primordial germ cells of the sexually undifferentiated embryonic gonad. There are three variants: classical (typical), the most common type; anaplastic; and spermatocytic. The classical seminoma is composed of fairly well differentiated sheets or cords of uniform polygonal or round cells (seminoma cells), each cell having abundant clear cytoplasm, distinct cell membranes, a centrally placed round nucleus, and one or more nucleoli. In the female, a grossly and histologically identical neoplasm, known as dysgerminoma, occurs. (Dorland, 27th ed)


Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer

A remote sensing system for observing Earth from orbiting satellites.


Polaron
Polar Recombination
Gene Conversion

The asymmetrical segregation of genes during replication which leads to the production of non-reciprocal recombinant strands and the apparent conversion of one allele into another. Thus, e.g., the meiotic products of an Aa individual may be AAAa or aaaA instead of AAaa, i.e., the A allele has been converted into the a allele or vice versa.


Oligosaccharides containing three monosaccharide units linked by glycosidic bonds.


A filarial worm of Southeast Asia, producing filariasis and elephantiasis in various mammals including man. It was formerly included in the genus WUCHERERIA.


An incision of the posterior vaginal wall and a portion of the pudenda which enlarges the vaginal introitus to facilitate delivery and prevent lacerations.


Fogarty Balloon Catheterization
Balloon Embolectomy

The use of a Fogarty catheter, a type of balloon catheter that was invented to perform an EMBOLECTOMY by pulling the embolism out of the blood vessel by retraction of the inflated balloon behind it.


Total or partial excision of the larynx.


Derivatives of dihydroxyphosphine oxide (HP=O(OH)2).


Suspensions of attenuated or killed fungi administered for the prevention or treatment of infectious fungal disease.


The covalent bonding of an alkyl group to an organic compound. It can occur by a simple addition reaction or by substitution of another functional group.


Clinical sign or symptom manifested as debility, or lack or loss of strength and energy.


Extracellular substance of bone tissue consisting of COLLAGEN fibers, ground substance, and inorganic crystalline minerals and salts.


The outer margins of the ABDOMEN, extending from the osteocartilaginous thoracic cage to the PELVIS. Though its major part is muscular, the abdominal wall consists of at least seven layers: the SKIN, subcutaneous fat, deep FASCIA; ABDOMINAL MUSCLES, transversalis fascia, extraperitoneal fat, and the parietal PERITONEUM.


A subfamily of CEBIDAE inhabiting the forests of Central and South America. This subfamily of New World monkeys consists of one genus, the SAIMIRI or squirrel monkeys.


4-Methoxy-5-((5-methyl-4-pentyl-2H-pyrrol-2-ylidene)methyl)- 2,2'-bi-1H-pyrrole. A toxic, bright red tripyrrole pigment from Serratia marcescens and others. It has antibacterial, anticoccidial, antimalarial, and antifungal activities, but is used mainly as a biochemical tool.


A disorder occurring at the site of insertion of TENDONS or LIGAMENTS into bones or JOINT CAPSULES.


A family of diphenylenemethane derivatives.


Highly reactive molecules with an unsatisfied electron valence pair. Free radicals are produced in both normal and pathological processes. They are proven or suspected agents of tissue damage in a wide variety of circumstances including radiation, damage from environment chemicals, and aging. Natural and pharmacological prevention of free radical damage is being actively investigated.


A species of gram-negative, aerobic bacteria found in the human NASOPHARYNX.


Corrosive oxidant, explosive; additive to diesel and rocket fuels; causes skin and lung irritation; proposed war gas. A useful reagent for studying the modification of specific amino acids, particularly tyrosine residues in proteins. Has also been used for studying carbanion formation and for detecting the presence of double bonds in organic compounds.


Nitric acid (HNO3). A colorless liquid that is used in the manufacture of inorganic and organic nitrates and nitro compounds for fertilizers, dye intermediates, explosives, and many different organic chemicals. Continued exposure to vapor may cause chronic bronchitis; chemical pneumonitis may occur. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)


A controlled learning environment that closely represents reality.


Recesses of the kidney pelvis which divides into two wide, cup-shaped major renal calices, with each major calix subdivided into 7 to 14 minor calices. Urine empties into a minor calix from collecting tubules, then passes through the major calix, renal pelvis, and ureter to enter the urinary bladder. (From Moore, Clinically Oriented Anatomy, 3d ed, p211)


The outer zone of the KIDNEY, beneath the capsule, consisting of KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; KIDNEY TUBULES, DISTAL; and KIDNEY TUBULES, PROXIMAL.


Clinical characteristics of disease or illness.


New abnormal growth of tissue in the FEMUR.


The arterial trunk arising from the fetal heart. During development, it divides into AORTA and the PULMONARY ARTERY.


A subjective visual sensation with the eyes closed and in the absence of light. Phosphenes can be spontaneous, or induced by chemical, electrical, or mechanical (pressure) stimuli which cause the visual field to light up without optical inputs.


Cyproterone Acetate, (1 alpha,2 alpha)-Isomer

Cyproterone Acetate, (1 alpha,2 alpha,9 beta,10 alpha)-Isomer

An agent with anti-androgen and progestational properties. It shows competitive binding with dihydrotestosterone at androgen receptor sites.


The uncritical acceptance of an idea or plan of action.


Daphniphyllum subverticillatum
Daphniphyllum calycinum
Daphniphyllum glaucescens
Daphniphyllum
Daphniphyllum himalense
Daphniphyllum yunnanense
Daphniphyllum macropodum
Daphniphyllum paxianum

Broad-leaved evergreen shrub or small tree comprising several species. It is the only genus of the family DAPHNIPHYLLACEAE, class MAGNOLIOPSIDA.


A centrally acting muscle relaxant. Its mode of action is unknown. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1203)


A pathologic process consisting in the formation of pus.


A plant genus of the family Asparagaceae. The common name of "dragon's blood" is also used for CROTON and Daemonorops (ARECACEAE).


A nonclassical folic acid inhibitor through its inhibition of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase. It is being tested for efficacy as an antineoplastic agent and as an antiparasitic agent against PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA in AIDS patients. Myelosuppression is its dose-limiting toxic effect.


Coronary Arteries
Sinus Node Artery
Coronary Vessels
Coronary Veins


Large bodies consisting of self-luminous gas held together by their own gravity. (From McGraw Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)


An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Ho, atomic number 67, and atomic weight 164.93.


Persons sent into an area to evangelize or to perform acts of service, such as medical care, EDUCATION, or SOCIAL JUSTICE.


An acute, diffuse, and suppurative inflammation of loose connective tissue, particularly the deep subcutaneous tissues, and sometimes muscle, which is most commonly seen as a result of infection of a wound, ulcer, or other skin lesions.


A chemical process for separating the components of a liquid mixture by boiling and collecting condensed vapors.


A plant family of the order ROSALES, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida.


A species of bacteria that causes ANTHRAX in humans and animals.


Gravitation
Gravistimulation
Gravity
G Force

Acceleration produced by the mutual attraction of two masses, and of magnitude inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the two centers of mass. It is also the force imparted by the earth, moon, or a planet to an object near its surface. (From NASA Thesaurus, 1988)


A subtype of INFLUENZA A VIRUS comprised of the surface proteins hemagglutinin 10 and neuraminidase 7. It has been isolated from a variety of wild and domestic animals including ducks, emu, and mink. It was found for the first time in humans in 2004.


Radioactive substances which act as pollutants. They include chemicals whose radiation is released via radioactive waste, nuclear accidents, fallout from nuclear explosions, and the like.


Cryptococcus neoformans
Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii

A species of the fungus CRYPTOCOCCUS. Its teleomorph is Filobasidiella neoformans.


The appearance of an abnormally large amount of GLUCOSE in the urine, such as more than 500 mg/day in adults. It can be due to HYPERGLYCEMIA or genetic defects in renal reabsorption (RENAL GLYCOSURIA).


A primary headache disorder that is characterized by frequent short-lasting, unilateral, neuralgiform pain attacks in the ocular area, with CONJUNCTIVA fluid-filling and tearing. SUNCT syndrome is usually resistant to treatment.


The chemical or biochemical addition of carbohydrate or glycosyl groups to other chemicals, especially peptides or proteins. Glycosyl transferases are used in this biochemical reaction.


Nuclear matrix proteins that are structural components of the NUCLEAR LAMINA. They are found in most multicellular organisms.


Underinsured
Medically Uninsured
Uninsured
Medically Underinsured

Individuals or groups with no or inadequate health insurance coverage. Those falling into this category usually comprise three primary groups: the medically indigent (MEDICAL INDIGENCY); those whose clinical condition makes them medically uninsurable; and the working uninsured.


Pathological processes involving the PERITONEUM.


A superfamily of PROTEIN-SERINE-THREONINE KINASES that are activated by diverse stimuli via protein kinase cascades. They are the final components of the cascades, activated by phosphorylation by MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASES, which in turn are activated by mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinases (MAP KINASE KINASE KINASES).


A class of enzymes that catalyze the conversion of a nucleotide and water to a nucleoside and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.-.


Recognition and discrimination of the heaviness of a lifted object.


A diet that contributes to the development and acceleration of ATHEROGENESIS.


A subclass of heteroxenous parasitic protozoa usually transmitted by ticks. Its organisms are rod-shaped or amoeboid with conoid, oocysts, spores, and pseudocysts absent. Locomotion is by body flexion, gliding, or, in sexual stages, by large axopodium-like organelles.


Rounded objects made of coral, teflon, or alloplastic polymer and covered with sclera, and which are implanted in the orbit following enucleation. An artificial eye (EYE, ARTIFICIAL) is usually attached to the anterior of the orbital implant for cosmetic purposes.


An occupational discipline founded by D.D. Palmer in the 1890's based on the relationship of the spine to health and disease.


Purine bases related to hypoxanthine, an intermediate product of uric acid synthesis and a breakdown product of adenine catabolism.


A genus of ascomycetous soil yeast in the family Lipomycetaceae, order SACCHAROMYCETALES.


A system for verifying and maintaining a desired level of quality in a product or process by careful planning, use of proper equipment, continued inspection, and corrective action as required. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)


A form of regulated cell death that results in release of specific DAMAGE ASSOCIATED MOLECULAR PATTERN MOLECULES which activate an ADAPTIVE IMMUNE RESPONSE. It can be initiated in any type of cell by a restricted set of stimuli, including viral infection, some chemotherapeutics or immunogenic radiation therapy.


A plant genus of the family LYCOPODIACEAE. Members contain huperzine, one of the CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS.


The conditions when at least 20 per cent of households in an area face extreme food shortages with a limited ability to cope; acute malnutrition rates exceed 30 per cent; and the death rate exceeds two persons per day per 10,000 persons. (From news.un.org/en/story/2011/07/382342-when-food-security-crisis-becomes-famine)


A plant species of the genus PANAX. It contains damarane-type tetracyclic TRITERPENES. The common names of Sanchi or Tienchi are also used for Panax pseudoginseng which is distinguished in containing oleanane-type pentacyclic triterpenoids.


The processes of diffusion across the BLOOD-AIR BARRIER, and the chemical reactions coupled with diffusion that effect the rate of PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE, generally at the alveolar level.


A network of membrane compartments, located at the cytoplasmic side of the GOLGI APPARATUS, where proteins and lipids are sorted for transport to various locations in the cell or cell membrane.


A hinge joint connecting the FOREARM to the ARM.


One of the long-acting ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS used for maintenance or long-term therapy of SCHIZOPHRENIA and other PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS.


Works about types and formulations of studies used in epidemiological research.


The sexual attraction or relationship between members of the opposite SEX.


A projective test used to evaluate a broad range of personality variables including pathology of thought and perception. The subject's responses to inkblot prints are scored along with subjective interpretation by the test administrator.


Mel B
Melarsenoxid-BAL
Arsobal
Melarsoprol

Arsenical used in trypanosomiases. It may cause fatal encephalopathy and other undesirable side effects.


The concave interior of the eye, consisting of the retina, the choroid, the sclera, the optic disk, and blood vessels, seen by means of the ophthalmoscope. (Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)


Kabivitrum Streptokinase Streptase Awelysin Kabikinase Avelizin Distreptase Streptodecase Celiase

Streptococcal fibrinolysin . An enzyme produced by hemolytic streptococci. It hydrolyzes amide linkages and serves as an activator of plasminogen. It is used in thrombolytic therapy and is used also in mixtures with streptodornase (STREPTODORNASE AND STREPTOKINASE). EC 3.4.-.


Tumor-like sterile accumulation of serum in a tissue, organ, or cavity. It results from a tissue insult and is the product of tissue inflammation. It most commonly occurs following MASTECTOMY.


Small bodies containing chromaffin cells occurring outside of the adrenal medulla, most commonly near the sympathetic ganglia and in organs such as the kidney, liver, heart and gonads.


A flour made of pulverized, dried fish or fish parts.


Sulfonic acid derivatives that are substituted with an aliphatic hydrocarbon group.


An emotional attitude excited by realization of a shortcoming or impropriety.


The sensory interpretation of the dimensions of objects.


Acetates
Acetic Acids
Acetic Acid Esters

Derivatives of ACETIC ACID. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain the carboxymethane structure.


The art and practice of training, guiding, COUNSELING, and providing support to a less experienced, trained, or knowledgeable person.


A genus of gram-negative, aerotolerant, spiral-shaped bacteria isolated from water and associated with diarrhea in humans and animals.


The professional practice of primary eye and vision care that includes the measurement of visual refractive power and the correction of visual defects with lenses or glasses.


A mitosporic Loculoascomycetes fungal genus including several plant pathogens and at least one species which produces a highly phytotoxic antibiotic. Its teleomorph is Lewia.


A species of gram-negative bacteria that causes disease in plants. It is found commonly in the environment and is an opportunistic pathogen in humans.


Three, alpha, beta, and gamma isomers of ultraviolet degradation products of colchicine that lack many of the physiological actions of the parent; used as experimental control for colchicine actions.


A multilocular tumor with mucin secreting epithelium. They are most often found in the ovary, but are also found in the pancreas, appendix, and rarely, retroperitoneal and in the urinary bladder. They are considered to have low-grade malignant potential.


Victims of multiple near-simultaneous incidents with acute and severe injuries or fatalities.


An appreciable lateral deviation in the normally straight vertical line of the spine. (Dorland, 27th ed)


A rare benign tumor of the adrenal gland, several centimeters in diameter, composed in varying proportions of adipose tissue, lymphocytes, and primitive myeloid cells, probably a developmental abnormality. (Dorland, 27th ed)


Environmental Pollutants, Noxae, and Pesticides

A broad category of chemical actions with harmful or deadly effect on living organisms.


Antimicrobial cationic peptides with a highly conserved amino terminal cathelin-like domain and a more variable carboxy terminal domain. They are initially synthesized as preproproteins and then cleaved. They are expressed in many tissues of humans and localized to EPITHELIAL CELLS. They kill nonviral pathogens by forming pores in membranes.


Works on annual statements reviewing the status of the administrative and operational functions and accomplishments of an institution or organization.


Stable oxygen atoms that have the same atomic number as the element oxygen, but differ in atomic weight. O-17 and 18 are stable oxygen isotopes.


A genus of plant viruses of the family BROMOVIRIDAE, which infect cucurbits and solanaceous plants. Transmission occurs via aphids in a non-persistent manner, and also via seeds. The type species Cucumber mosaic virus, a CUCUMOVIRUS, should not be confused with Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus, a TOBAMOVIRUS.


Excessive hair growth at inappropriate locations, such as on the extremities, the head, and the back. It is caused by genetic or acquired factors, and is an androgen-independent process. This concept does not include HIRSUTISM which is an androgen-dependent excess hair growth in WOMEN and CHILDREN.


Sulfur hexafluoride. An inert gas used mainly as a test gas in respiratory physiology. Other uses include its injection in vitreoretinal surgery to restore the vitreous chamber and as a tracer in monitoring the dispersion and deposition of air pollutants.


Adolescent hospitalized for short term care.


Fatty acid biopolymers that are biosynthesized by microbial polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase enzymes. They are being investigated for use as biodegradable polyesters.


alpha-Actinin Eu-Actinin beta-Actinin Actinin

A protein factor that regulates the length of R-actin. It is chemically similar, but immunochemically distinguishable from actin.


Quinolines substituted in any position by one or more amino groups.


The engulfing of liquids by cells by a process of invagination and closure of the cell membrane to form fluid-filled vacuoles.


A process in psychotherapy in which the patient is "desensitized" to emotionally painful, often forgotten (repressed) memories by recalling and reacting to them in the "safety" of the treatment setting.


A species of extremophilic bacteria in the family Thermotogaceae. Generally anaerobic but in the presence of OXYGEN, it can produce hydrogen gas as a byproduct of metabolism.


The removal of foreign material and devitalized or contaminated tissue from or adjacent to a traumatic or infected lesion until surrounding healthy tissue is exposed. (Dorland, 27th ed)


The training or bringing-up of children by parents or parent-substitutes. It is used also for child rearing practices in different societies, at different economic levels, in different ethnic groups, etc. It differs from PARENTING in that in child rearing the emphasis is on the act of training or bringing up the child and the interaction between the parent and child, while parenting emphasizes the responsibility and qualities of exemplary behavior of the parent.


Predisposition to react to one's environment in a certain way; usually refers to mood changes.


Recovery from mental disorders and/or substance abuse. The process of change in which individuals improve their MENTAL HEALTH and wellness, live a self-directed life, and work to achieve their full potential.


Unstable isotopes of yttrium that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Y atoms with atomic weights 82-88 and 90-96 are radioactive yttrium isotopes.


The measurement of infection-blocking titer of ANTISERA by testing a series of dilutions for a given virus-antiserum interaction end-point, which is generally the dilution at which tissue cultures inoculated with the serum-virus mixtures demonstrate cytopathology (CPE) or the dilution at which 50% of test animals injected with serum-virus mixtures show infectivity (ID50) or die (LD50).


Degeneration of distal aspects of a nerve axon following injury to the cell body or proximal portion of the axon. The process is characterized by fragmentation of the axon and its MYELIN SHEATH.


Exposure of the female parent, human or animal, to potentially harmful chemical, physical, or biological agents in the environment or to environmental factors that may include ionizing radiation, pathogenic organisms, or toxic chemicals that may affect offspring. It includes pre-conception maternal exposure.


Abnormal passage communicating with the ESOPHAGUS. The most common type is TRACHEOESOPHAGEAL FISTULA between the esophagus and the TRACHEA.


An inflammatory reaction involving the folds of the skin surrounding the fingernail. It is characterized by acute or chronic purulent, tender, and painful swellings of the tissues around the nail, caused by an abscess of the nail fold. The pathogenic yeast causing paronychia is most frequently Candida albicans. Saprophytic fungi may also be involved. The causative bacteria are usually Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, or Streptococcus. (Andrews' Diseases of the Skin, 8th ed, p271)


Unauthorized access to personal information to obtain medical care or drugs, or to submit fraudulent billing for services. (from https://oig.hhs.gov/fraud/medical-id-theft/index.asp)


A technique for growing plants in culture solutions rather than in soil. The roots are immersed in an aerated solution containing the correct proportions of essential mineral salts. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)


An articulation where the costal cartilage of each rib fit with slight concavities along the lateral borders of the STERNUM.


Dinitrobenzenes
Dinitrophenyl Compounds
Dinitrotoluenes

Benzene derivatives which are substituted with two nitro groups in the ortho, meta or para positions.


A chemical system that functions to control the levels of specific ions in solution. When the level of hydrogen ion in solution is controlled the system is called a pH buffer.


Liquids that dissolve other substances (solutes), generally solids, without any change in chemical composition, as, water containing sugar. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)


The sexual attraction or relationship between members of the same SEX.


Determination of parasite eggs in feces.


A system of metabolic interactions by products produced in the distal nephron of the KIDNEY. These products include KALLIKREIN; KININS; KININASE I; KININASE II; and ENKEPHALINASE. This system participates in the control of renal functions. It interacts with the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN-ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM to regulate BLOOD PRESSURE, generation of PROSTAGLANDINS, release of VASOPRESSINS, and WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE.


Perception of shape and form of objects by TOUCH, via tactile stimuli.


An imperfect fungus causing smut or black mold of several fruits, vegetables, etc.


A solution used for irrigating the mouth in xerostomia and as a substitute for saliva.


In utero measurement corresponding to the sitting height (crown to rump) of the fetus. Length is considered a more accurate criterion of the age of the fetus than is the weight. The average crown-rump length of the fetus at term is 36 cm. (From Williams Obstetrics, 18th ed, p91)


Procedure in which an anesthetic is injected directly into the spinal cord.


Measures of spatial cognition and memory.


Separation of one or more kinds of cells from whole blood with the return of other blood cell constituents to the patient or donor. This is accomplished with an instrument that uses centrifugation to separate the cells into different layers based on the differences in cell density (displacement) or drag coefficients in a current (elutriation). The procedure is commonly used in adoptive transfer to isolate NK cells, lymphocytes, or monocytes.


Phthalic acid anhydrides. Can be substituted on any carbon atom. Used extensively in industry and as a reagent in the acylation of amino- and hydroxyl groups.


Drug Augmentation
Drug Synergism
Drug Potentiation

Agents used for augmenting the action of another drug.


The pH in solutions of proteins and related compounds at which the dipolar ions are at a maximum.


Infections with the protozoa of the phylum EUGLENOZOA.


Integrated Health Care Systems
Integrated Delivery Systems
Delivery of Health Care, Integrated

A health care system which combines physicians, hospitals, and other medical services with a health plan to provide the complete spectrum of medical care for its customers. In a fully integrated system, the three key elements - physicians, hospital, and health plan membership - are in balance in terms of matching medical resources with the needs of purchasers and patients. (Coddington et al., Integrated Health Care: Reorganizing the Physician, Hospital and Health Plan Relationship, 1994, p7)


The property of antibodies which enables them to react with some ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS and not with others. Specificity is dependent on chemical composition, physical forces, and molecular structure at the binding site.


Pharmacy Practice Patterns
Pharmacy
Forensic Pharmacy

The practice of compounding and dispensing medicinal preparations.


A syndrome that is characterized by the triad of severe PEPTIC ULCER, hypersecretion of GASTRIC ACID, and GASTRIN-producing tumors of the PANCREAS or other tissue (GASTRINOMA). This syndrome may be sporadic or be associated with MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA TYPE 1.


Socioeconomic Status
Middle Class Population
Caste
Social Class

A stratum of people with similar position and prestige; includes social stratification. Social class is measured by criteria such as education, occupation, and income.


Rare autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by mesenchymal and epithelial neoplasms at multiple sites. MUTATION of the p53 tumor suppressor gene, a component of the DNA DAMAGE response pathway, apparently predisposes family members who inherit it to develop certain cancers. The spectrum of cancers in the syndrome was shown to include, in addition to BREAST CANCER and soft tissue sarcomas (SARCOMA); BRAIN TUMORS; OSTEOSARCOMA; LEUKEMIA; and ADRENOCORTICAL CARCINOMA.


Family of gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic bacteria, in the order Bacillales. Genera include Gemella, Macrococcus, Salinicoccus, and STAPHYLOCOCCUS.


Purines with a RIBOSE attached that can be phosphorylated to PURINE NUCLEOTIDES.


An alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist that is commonly used as an antihypertensive agent.


Sizofilan Schizophyllan Sizofiran Sonifilan

A beta-D-glucan obtained from the Aphyllophoral fungus Schizophyllum commune. It is used as an immunoadjuvant in the treatment of neoplasms, especially tumors found in the stomach.


The PROTEIN SUBUNITS that comprise multimeric HEMOGLOBINS.


Neurons of the innermost layer of the retina, the internal plexiform layer. They are of variable sizes and shapes, and their axons project via the OPTIC NERVE to the brain. A small subset of these cells act as photoreceptors with projections to the SUPRACHIASMATIC NUCLEUS, the center for regulating CIRCADIAN RHYTHM.


A common neoplasm of early childhood arising from neural crest cells in the sympathetic nervous system, and characterized by diverse clinical behavior, ranging from spontaneous remission to rapid metastatic progression and death. This tumor is the most common intraabdominal malignancy of childhood, but it may also arise from thorax, neck, or rarely occur in the central nervous system. Histologic features include uniform round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei arranged in nests and separated by fibrovascular septa. Neuroblastomas may be associated with the opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2099-2101; Curr Opin Oncol 1998 Jan;10(1):43-51)


Quaternary ammonium compounds that include BETHANECHOL.


Compounds which inhibit or antagonize the biosynthesis or action of insulin.


Compounds consisting of glucosamine and lactate joined by an ether linkage. They occur naturally as N-acetyl derivatives in peptidoglycan, the characteristic polysaccharide composing bacterial cell walls. (From Dorland, 28th ed)


A plant genus of the family RANUNCULACEAE that contains protoanemonin, anemonin, and ranunculin.


A species of gram-positive bacteria in the family Clostridiaceae that ferments both CARBOHYDRATES and AMINO ACIDS.


A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria found in soil, water, food, and clinical specimens. It is a prominent opportunistic pathogen for hospitalized patients.


Microbubbles (10-100 micrometers) created by intense stirring of a surfactant solution. (Fuda, E., et al., J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2006 Nov 7;843(2):317-26)


Fluids found within the osseous labyrinth (PERILYMPH) and the membranous labyrinth (ENDOLYMPH) of the inner ear. (From Gray's Anatomy, 30th American ed, p1328, 1332)


A form of regulated cell death initiated by perturbations of extracellular or intracellular homeostasis that trigger a specific cell death pathway involving the activation of RIPK3 and MLKL (mixed lineage kinase domain like pseudokinase). Morphological changes include cytoplasmic and organellar swelling, rupture of the PLASMA MEMBRANE, and CHROMATIN CONDENSATION.


Porphyrins with four methyl and two propionic acid side chains attached to the pyrrole rings.


Inorganic chemicals that contain manganese as an integral part of the molecule.


A genus of gram-positive, anaerobic, cocci to short rod-shaped ARCHAEA, in the family METHANOBACTERIACEAE, order METHANOBACTERIALES. They are found in the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT or other anoxic environments.


Alkaloids with powerful hypotensive effects isolated from American or European Hellebore (Veratrum viride Ait. Liliaceae and Veratrum album L. Liliaceae). They increase cholinergic and decrease adrenergic tone with appropriate side effects and at higher doses depress respiration and produce cardiac arrhythmias; only the ester alkaloids have been used as hypotensive agents in specific instances. They have been generally replaced by drugs with fewer adverse effects.


Continuous measurement of the movement and forces of blood in the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.


An MAO inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of major depression, dysthymic disorder, and atypical depression. It also is useful in the treatment of panic disorder and the phobic disorders. (From AMA, Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p311)


A disease of cats and mink characterized by a marked inflammation of adipose tissue and the deposition of "ceroid" pigment in the interstices of the adipose cells. It is believed to be caused by feeding diets containing too much unsaturated fatty acid and too little vitamin E. (Merck Veterinary Manual, 5th ed; Stedman, 25th ed)


A facial expression which may denote feelings of pleasure, affection, amusement, etc.


Derivatives of phenoxyacetic acid, including its salts and esters.


A stable, non-explosive inhalation anesthetic, relatively free from significant side effects.


Single preparations containing two or more active agents, for the purpose of their concurrent administration as a fixed dose mixture.


The pressure at any point in an atmosphere due solely to the weight of the atmospheric gases above the point concerned.


Excessive period of time between onset of disease and identification.


Wastewater SLUDGE treated by processes such as COMPOSTING, anaerobic digestion, aerobic digestion, alkaline treatment, and PASTEURIZATION to remove HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS and pathogens.


The profession of writing. Also the identity of the writer as the creator of a literary production.


Test designed to identify students suitable for admission into a graduate or undergraduate curriculum.


An actinomycete best known as the producer of the commercially important antibiotic OXYTETRACYCLINE.


Viruses infecting insects, the largest family being BACULOVIRIDAE.


A vertebrate globin that is expressed predominantly in the brain where it is involved in oxygen transport. It protects neurons from APOPTOSIS during OXIDATIVE STRESS.


The process by which individuals internalize standards of right and wrong conduct.


An individual that contains cell populations derived from different zygotes.


The anamorphic form of the fungus MAGNAPORTHE GRISEA and the most important pathogen of rice worldwide. It causes rice blast which prevents maturation of the rice grains.


The observable response made to a situation and the unconscious processes underlying it.


International organizations which provide health-related or other cooperative services.


Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome, Familial Gestational Spontaneous

A complication of OVULATION INDUCTION in infertility treatment. It is graded by the severity of symptoms which include OVARY enlargement, multiple OVARIAN FOLLICLES; OVARIAN CYSTS; ASCITES; and generalized EDEMA. The full-blown syndrome may lead to RENAL FAILURE, respiratory distress, and even DEATH. Increased capillary permeability is caused by the vasoactive substances, such as VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTORS, secreted by the overly-stimulated OVARIES.


An antagonist of histamine that appears to block both H2 and H3 histamine receptors. It has been used in the treatment of ulcers.


Infection with nematodes of the genus ONCHOCERCA. Characteristics include the presence of firm subcutaneous nodules filled with adult worms, PRURITUS, and ocular lesions.


5-Fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine Phosphorylase
Uridine Phosphorylase

An enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of ribose from uridine to orthophosphate, forming uracil and ribose 1-phosphate.


The scientific study of variations in size, shape, and proportion of the cranium.


The branch of dentistry concerned with the prevention of disease and the maintenance and promotion of oral health.


The shrinkage of the foreign body encapsulation scar tissue that forms around artificial implants imbedded in body tissues.


A nodular organ in the ABDOMEN that contains a mixture of ENDOCRINE GLANDS and EXOCRINE GLANDS. The small endocrine portion consists of the ISLETS OF LANGERHANS secreting a number of hormones into the blood stream. The large exocrine portion (EXOCRINE PANCREAS) is a compound acinar gland that secretes several digestive enzymes into the pancreatic ductal system that empties into the DUODENUM.


Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated
Salk Vaccine

A suspension of formalin-inactivated poliovirus grown in monkey kidney cell tissue culture and used to prevent POLIOMYELITIS.


Treatment process involving the injection of fluid into an organ or tissue.


Air that is reduced in volume by pressure.


Vending Machines, Food
Food Dispensers, Automatic


A retrogressive pathological change in the retina, focal or generalized, caused by genetic defects, inflammation, trauma, vascular disease, or aging. Degeneration affecting predominantly the macula lutea of the retina is MACULAR DEGENERATION. (Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p304)


Vesicles formed when cell-membrane coated pits (COATED PITS, CELL-MEMBRANE) invaginate and pinch off. The outer surface of these vesicles is covered with a lattice-like network of the protein CLATHRIN. Shortly after formation, however, the clathrin coat is removed and the vesicles are referred to as ENDOSOMES.


Substances which reduce or eliminate dentinal sensitivity or the pain associated with a source of stimulus (such as touch, heat, or cold) at the orifice of exposed dentinal tubules causing the movement of tubular fluid that in turn stimulates tooth nerve receptors.


Disorders or diseases associated with PUERPERIUM, the six-to-eight-week period immediately after PARTURITION in humans.


Acetrizoic Acid
Triiotrast
Salpix
Jodopax
Visotrast 300
Visotrast 400
Acetrizoate Sodium

An iodinated radiographic contrast medium used as acetrizoate sodium in HYSTEROSALPINGOGRAPHY.


Adherent debris produced when cutting the enamel or dentin in cavity preparation. It is about 1 micron thick and its composition reflects the underlying dentin, although different quantities and qualities of smear layer can be produced by the various instrumentation techniques. Its function is presumed to be protective, as it lowers dentin permeability. However, it masks the underlying dentin and interferes with attempts to bond dental material to the dentin.


An apparently hereditary disorder of dentin formation, marked by a normal appearance of coronal dentin associated with pulpal obliteration, faulty root formation, and a tendency for peripheral lesions without obvious cause. (From Dorland, 27th ed)


Structurally-related ALKALOIDS derived from the seeds of PEGANUM HARMALA and other plant sources. They are associated with various pharmacologic and therapeutic effects.


Shoulder Dystocia
Fetal Shoulder Dystocia

Obstetric complication during OBSTETRIC DELIVERY in which exit of the fetus is delayed due to physical obstruction involving fetal shoulder(s).


A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain ATRACTYLOSIDE which inhibits ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCASE.


Trimetazidine Dihydrochloride
Vasartel
Vastarel
Centrophène
Trimetazidine
Idaptan
Trimétazidine Irex

A vasodilator used in angina of effort or ischemic heart disease.


The medical science that deals with the origin, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of mental disorders in children.


Intense itching of the external female genitals.


Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.


The thick, yellowish-white, viscid fluid secretion of male reproductive organs discharged upon ejaculation. In addition to reproductive organ secretions, it contains SPERMATOZOA and their nutrient plasma.


A genus of HALOBACTERIACEAE whose growth requires a high concentration of salt. Binary fission is by constriction.


A genus of PROCHLOROPHYTES containing unicellular, spherical bacteria without a mucilaginous sheath. They are found almost exclusively as extracellular symbionts of colonial ASCIDIANS on subtropical or tropical marine shores.


The attachment of PLATELETS to one another. This clumping together can be induced by a number of agents (e.g., THROMBIN; COLLAGEN) and is part of the mechanism leading to the formation of a THROMBUS.


A plant genus of the family Asparagaceae that contains spirostanol & furostanol SAPONINS.


The effect or sway that a PEER GROUP exerts on the beliefs, value systems and behavior of each member of a group. The social expectations for individuals to conform to peer group influence is known as peer pressure.


Hypervigilance
Anxiety
Nervousness
Social Anxiety

Emotion characterized by feelings of tension, worried thoughts, and inadequacy in a social setting.


A genus of ascomycetous fungi of the family Saccharomycetaceae, order SACCHAROMYCETALES.


Compounds that contain the decamethylenebis(trimethyl)ammonium radical. These compounds frequently act as neuromuscular depolarizing agents.


Agents that remove, correct, repress, or mask undesirable ODORANTS. In personal hygiene, deodorants often contain astringent preparations that reduce SWEATING, referred to as ANTIPERSPIRANTS. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)


An imperfect fungus that produces ochratoxins and contaminates EDIBLE GRAIN and coffee beans.


An approach, process, or methodology which emphasizes credible evidence and the best available scientific knowledge, judiciously integrated to achieve the best possible outcomes in structural design. For example, the design of a new OUTPATIENT CLINIC might incorporate a review of published research on outpatient clinic design, decisions on similar past projects, along with interviews with staff and consumers.


A fleshy extension at the back of the soft palate that hangs above the opening of the throat.


The study of the generation and behavior of electrical charges in living organisms particularly the nervous system and the effects of electricity on living organisms.


The relationship between the dose of administered radiation and the response of the organism or tissue to the radiation.


Slow-Flow Phenomenon
No-Reflow Phenomenon

Markedly reduced or absent REPERFUSION in an infarct zone following the removal of an obstruction or constriction of an artery.


Percutaneous transabdominal puncture of the uterus during pregnancy to obtain amniotic fluid. It is commonly used for fetal karyotype determination in order to diagnose abnormal fetal conditions.


A peptide that is a homopolymer of glutamic acid.


A genus of ascomycetous fungi of the family Chaetomiaceae, order SORDARIALES. Many members are cellulolytic and some mycotoxic. They occur naturally on paper and cotton fabric.


A family of bacteria comprised of endosymbionts of protozoa.


Endoscopes for examining the interior of the ureter.


A genus of gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria whose cells occur singly, in pairs or short chains, in V or Y configurations, or in clumps resembling letters of the Chinese alphabet. Its organisms are found in cheese and dairy products as well as on human skin and can occasionally cause soft tissue infections.


Tests of the ability to hear and understand speech as determined by scoring the number of words in a word list repeated correctly.


Bystander Effect
Bystander Suppression
Bystander Help

The result of a positive or negative response (to drugs, for example) in one cell being passed onto other cells via the GAP JUNCTIONS or the intracellular milieu.


Capacity of the ovary to provide viable eggs.


Excessive lateral nail growth into the nail fold. Because the lateral margin of the nail acts as a foreign body, inflammation and granulation may result. It is caused by improperly fitting shoes and by improper trimming of the nail.


Potentially toxic, but effective antischistosomal agent, it is a metabolite of LUCANTHONE.


A family in the order Rhodobacterales, class ALPHAPROTEOBACTERIA.


Small containers or pellets of a solid drug implanted in the body to achieve sustained release of the drug.


An unpaired thin ploughshare-shaped facial bone. It is situated in the median plane of the SKULL. The vomer forms the posterior and inferior border of the NASAL SEPTUM.


The back two-thirds of the eye that includes the anterior hyaloid membrane and all of the optical structures behind it: the VITREOUS HUMOR; RETINA; CHOROID; and OPTIC NERVE.


A 21-amino acid peptide produced predominantly within the kidney and intestine, with smaller amounts produced in the myocardium, placenta, and uterus, but the cells of origin are not clear. Endothelin-2 has no unique physiologic functions, as compared with endothelin-1. (N Eng J Med 1995;333(6):356-63)


An enzyme from the sulfuric ester hydrolase class that breaks down one of the products of the chondroitin lyase II reaction. EC 3.1.6.9.


Protriptyline
Protriptyline Hydrochloride
Vivactil

Tricyclic antidepressant similar in action and side effects to IMIPRAMINE. It may produce excitation.


A nonchromaffin paraganglion located in the wall of the jugular bulb. The most common tumors of the middle ear arise from this tissue. (Lockard, Desk Reference for Neuroscience, 1992, p114)


A genus of RED ALGAE in the family Bangiaceae. It is the most widely consumed SEAWEED in the world and especially in Asia.


Religious Ethics
Religious Beliefs
Religion
Prayer

A set of beliefs concerning the nature, cause, and purpose of the universe, especially when considered as the creation of a superhuman agency. It usually involves devotional and ritual observances and often a moral code for the conduct of human affairs. (Random House Collegiate Dictionary, rev. ed.)


The field of information science concerned with the analysis and dissemination of data through the application of computers.


A family of non-enveloped RNA plant viruses, transmitted by biological vectors and experimentally by mechanical inoculation. Subfamily Comovirinae includes all members of old taxonomic family Comoviridae: COMOVIRUS; FABAVIRUS; and NEPOVIRUS.


1,2-Dihydroxybenzene-3,5-Disulfonic Acid Disodium Salt

A colorimetric reagent for iron, manganese, titanium, molybdenum, and complexes of zirconium. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)


A plant family of the order Violales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida.


Prosthesis Fixation
Prosthesis Retention


Radiography of blood vessels after injection of a contrast medium.


Bridged Bicyclo Compounds
Bicyclo Compounds

Saturated alicyclic hydrocarbon molecules consisting of two rings that have two non-adjacent atoms in common.


City, urban, rural, or suburban areas which are characterized by severe economic deprivation and by accompanying physical and social decay.


A genus in the family BURKHOLDERIACEAE, comprised of many species. They are associated with a variety of infections including MENINGITIS; PERITONITIS; and URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS.


Cone Dystrophy
Progressive Cone Dystrophy
Stationary Cone Dystrophy

A general term which describes a group of rare eye disorders that affect the cone cells of the RETINA. Cone dystrophy can cause a variety of symptoms including decreased visual clarity or acuity when looking straight ahead (central vision), a reduced ability to see colors, and an increased sensitivity to light (PHOTOPHOBIA).


Excessive or inappropriate LACTATION in females or males, and not necessarily related to PREGNANCY. Galactorrhea can occur either unilaterally or bilaterally, and be profuse or sparse. Its most common cause is HYPERPROLACTINEMIA.


Fludilat
Desoblit
Dilangio compositu
Bencyclane
Halidor
Bencyclane Fumarate
Fluxema

A vasodilator agent found to be effective in a variety of peripheral circulation disorders. It has various other potentially useful pharmacological effects. Its mechanism may involve block of calcium channels.


Works on publications, usually annual, containing a calendar for the coming year, the times of such events and phenomena as anniversaries, sunrises, sunsets, phases of the moon, tides, meteorological, and other statistical information and related topics or useful and interesting facts relating to countries of the world, sports, entertainment, population groups, etc.