A genus of gram-negative, aerobic bacteria, in the family XANTHOMONADACEAE. It is found in the xylem of plant tissue.


Moving or bringing something from a lower level to a higher one. The concept encompasses biomechanic stresses resulting from work done in transferring objects from one plane to another as well as the effects of varying techniques of patient handling and transfer.


A clinical syndrome associated with the retention of renal waste products or uremic toxins in the blood. It is usually the result of RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. Most uremic toxins are end products of protein or nitrogen CATABOLISM, such as UREA or CREATININE. Severe uremia can lead to multiple organ dysfunctions with a constellation of symptoms.


The study of the spatial requirements of humans and animals and the effects of POPULATION DENSITY on BEHAVIOR, COMMUNICATION, and SOCIAL INTERACTION. Proxemics is a subcategory of the study of nonverbal communication along with haptics (touch), KINESICS (body movement), vocalics (paralanguage), and chronemics (structure of time).


A measure of the total greenhouse gas emissions produced by an individual, organization, event, or product. It is measured in units of equivalent kilograms of CARBON DIOXIDE generated in a given time frame.


Enzymes which transfer sulfate groups to various acceptor molecules. They are involved in posttranslational sulfation of proteins and sulfate conjugation of exogenous chemicals and bile acids. EC 2.8.2.


A cyclic nonadecapeptide antibiotic that can act as an ionophore and is produced by strains of Trichoderma viride. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)


Broad spectrum anthelmintic for livestock.


Methylene cyclopropyl alanine and congeners isolated from the unripe edible fruit of the AKEE plant (BLIGHIA SAPIDA). Hypoglycin B is the gamma-glutamyl congener of hypoglycin A. They are very toxic and teratogenic, causing a syndrome called Jamaican vomiting sickness that includes a fall in blood glucose due to the interference of FATTY ACIDS and LEUCINE metabolism which leads to VOMITING, liver damage, CONVULSIONS and DEATH.


Moraxellaceae Infections
Psychobacter Infections
Moraxella Infections

Infections with bacteria of the family MORAXELLACEAE.


The gradual destruction of a metal or alloy due to oxidation or action of a chemical agent. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)


Surgical excision of a part of the CORNEA.


An oxidation product of HEPTACHLOR formed by many plants and animals, including humans, after exposure to HEPTACHLOR. It has been shown to remain in soil treated with HEPTACHLOR for over fifteen years and is toxic to animals and humans. (From ATSDR Public Heath Statement, April 1989)


A branch of biology dealing with the structure of organisms.


An unpigmented malignant melanoma. It is an anaplastic melanoma consisting of cells derived from melanoblasts but not forming melanin. (Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed)


A plant genus of the family Amaryllidaceae that contains ALKALOIDS.


Premature loss of PREGNANCY in which not all the products of CONCEPTION have been expelled.


Lung Capacities
Lung Volume Measurements

Measurement of the amount of air that the lungs may contain at various points in the respiratory cycle.


Stakeholder Participation
Stakeholder Role
Stakeholder Engagement

A process between an entity and those groups or individuals potentially or actually impacted by the actions of that entity over a range of activities and approaches.


Clinical disturbances of the urinary system.


Compounds consisting of the cycloheptene ring with one or two BENZENE rings fused to it.


Horacort
Pulmicort
Budesonide, (S)-Isomer
Budesonide, (R)-Isomer
Rhinocort
Budesonide

A glucocorticoid used in the management of ASTHMA, the treatment of various skin disorders, and allergic RHINITIS.


A malignant neoplasm of epithelial cells of the SALIVARY GLANDS, with microcystic architecture, low-grade nuclei, and granular vacuolated cytoplasm.


POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS composed of three fused BENZENE rings.


The parts of the gene sequence that carry out the different functions of the GENES.


The amount of a substance secreted by cells or by a specific organ or organism over a given period of time; usually applies to those substances which are formed by glandular tissues and are released by them into biological fluids, e.g., secretory rate of corticosteroids by the adrenal cortex, secretory rate of gastric acid by the gastric mucosa.


A system for the collection and/or processing of data from various sources, and using the information for policy making and management of health services. It could be paper-based or electronic. (From http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/TOPICS/EXTHEALTHNUTRITIONANDPOPULATION/EXTHSD/0,,contentMDK:22239824~menuPK:376799~pagePK:148956~piPK:216618~theSitePK:376793,00.html. http://www.who.int/healthinfo/systems/en/)


A neurotoxic isoxazole (similar to KAINIC ACID and MUSCIMOL) found in AMANITA mushrooms. It causes motor depression, ataxia, and changes in mood, perceptions and feelings, and is a potent excitatory amino acid agonist.


The application of smoke, vapor, or gas for the purpose of disinfecting or destroying pests or microorganisms.


Discomfort and partial inhibition of the usual forms of behavior when in the presence of others.


NSC-79037 Belustine Cecenu CCNU Lomustine CeeNU

An alkylating agent of value against both hematologic malignancies and solid tumors.


A species of gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria widely distributed in nature. It has been isolated from sewage, soil, silage, and from feces of healthy animals and man. Infection with this bacterium leads to encephalitis, meningitis, endocarditis, and abortion.


Community health education events focused on prevention of disease and promotion of health through audiovisual exhibits.


Diazo derivatives of aniline, used as a reagent for sugars, ketones, and aldehydes. (Dorland, 28th ed)


Marine ridges composed of living CORALS, coral skeletons, calcareous algae, and other organisms, mixed with minerals and organic matter. They are found most commonly in tropical waters and support other animal and plant life.


Large computers in both size and capacity.


OXADIAZOLES bearing an oxygen at the 5-position. They are mesoionic, with delocalized positive and negative charges.


Replication Error Phenotype
Microsatellite Instability

The occurrence of highly polymorphic mono- and dinucleotide MICROSATELLITE REPEATS in somatic cells. It is a form of genome instability associated with defects in DNA MISMATCH REPAIR.


A condition in which albumin level in blood (SERUM ALBUMIN) is below the normal range. Hypoalbuminemia may be due to decreased hepatic albumin synthesis, increased albumin catabolism, altered albumin distribution, or albumin loss through the urine (ALBUMINURIA).


A non-sulfate spore-forming anaerobic family of Gram-positive bacteria, of the class clostridia.


A genus of DNA viruses in the family PAPILLOMAVIRIDAE, causing cutaneous lesions in humans.


A vasodilator that is administered by inhalation. It is also used recreationally due to its supposed ability to induce euphoria and act as an aphrodisiac.


An emulsion of solid color which when spread over a surface leaves a thin decorative and or protective coating.


A plant family of the order Pinales, class Pinopsida, division TRACHEOPHYTA.


The articulations between the CARPAL BONES and the METACARPAL BONES.


Congenital anomalous dilitation of the laryngeal saccule that may extend internally into the airway or externally through the thyrohyoid membrane.


Nonexpendable items used in the performance of orthopedic surgery and related therapy. They are differentiated from ORTHOTIC DEVICES, apparatus used to prevent or correct deformities in patients.


Pattern Recognition, Tactile
Pattern Recognition, Physiological
Pattern Recognition, Auditory

The analysis of a critical number of sensory stimuli or facts (the pattern) by physiological processes such as vision (PATTERN RECOGNITION, VISUAL), touch, or hearing.


Automated Multiphasic Health Testing
Multiphasic Screening

The simultaneous use of multiple laboratory procedures for the detection of various diseases. These are usually performed on groups of people.


Bile Acids
Bile Salts
Bile Acids and Salts

Steroid acids and salts. The primary bile acids are derived from cholesterol in the liver and usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. The secondary bile acids are further modified by bacteria in the intestine. They play an important role in the digestion and absorption of fat. They have also been used pharmacologically, especially in the treatment of gallstones.


A species of GYMNEMA. Gymnepregosides (PREGNANES) have been found in the roots of G. alternifolium.


A large genus of gilled mushrooms in the family Tricholomataceae. They are most often found in mountain and northern forests.


A genus of FUNGI, in the family Glugeidae, a parasite of ATLANTIC SALMON and other FISHES.


N-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octanes best known for the ones found in PLANTS.


Avazyme
Alphacutanée
Chymotrypsin
Alpha-Chymotrypsin Choay

A serine endopeptidase secreted by the pancreas as its zymogen, CHYMOTRYPSINOGEN and carried in the pancreatic juice to the duodenum where it is activated by TRYPSIN. It selectively cleaves aromatic amino acids on the carboxyl side.


An increase in the excretion of URINE. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)


The influence of study results on the chances of publication and the tendency of investigators, reviewers, and editors to submit or accept manuscripts for publication based on the direction or strength of the study findings. Publication bias has an impact on the interpretation of clinical trials and meta-analyses. Bias can be minimized by insistence by editors on high-quality research, thorough literature reviews, acknowledgement of conflicts of interest, modification of peer review practices, etc.


Clusters of topics that fall within the domain of BIOETHICS, the field of study concerned with value questions that arise in biomedicine and health care delivery.


Steroid derivatives in which one or more bridges is formed between carbon atoms at any locant in any of the rings.


Friendship Friends Companions Acquaintances

Persons whom one knows, likes, and trusts.


The disintegration and assimilation of the dead FETUS in the UTERUS at any stage after the completion of organogenesis which, in humans, is after the 9th week of GESTATION. It does not include embryo resorption (see EMBRYO LOSS).


The state of having multiple leiomyomas throughout the body. (Stedman, 25th ed)


Antibodies specific to STREPTOLYSINS which indicate STREPTOCOCCAL INFECTIONS.


A genus of coccidian parasites of the family CRYPTOSPORIDIIDAE, found in the intestinal epithelium of many vertebrates including humans.


Confidence in or reliance on a person or thing.


A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.


A group of 2-hydroxybenzoic acids that can be substituted by amino groups at any of the 3-, 4-, 5-, or 6-positions.


A species of MORBILLIVIRUS causing cattle plague, a disease with high mortality. Sheep, goats, pigs, and other animals of the order Artiodactyla can also be infected.


Highly conserved proteins that specifically bind to and activate the anaphase-promoting complex-cyclosome, promoting ubiquitination and proteolysis of cell-cycle-regulatory proteins. Cdc20 is essential for anaphase-promoting complex activity, initiation of anaphase, and cyclin proteolysis during mitosis.


A layer of protein coating adsorbed by NANOPARTICLES upon entry into PLASMA or other protein-containing biological fluids, which affects how nanoparticles are internalized by cells and cleared from the body.


A guanidine that opens POTASSIUM CHANNELS producing direct peripheral vasodilatation of the ARTERIOLES. It reduces BLOOD PRESSURE and peripheral resistance and produces fluid retention. (Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed)


A physiologically inactive constituent of Cannabis sativa L.


Proteins obtained from species in the class of AMPHIBIANS.


The outer covering of the calvaria. It is composed of several layers: SKIN; subcutaneous connective tissue; the occipitofrontal muscle which includes the tendinous galea aponeurotica; loose connective tissue; and the pericranium (the PERIOSTEUM of the SKULL).


Citrocil
Dihydrostreptomycin
Dihydrostreptomycin Sulfate

A semi-synthetic aminoglycoside antibiotic that is used in the treatment of TUBERCULOSIS.


Inotropism, Cardiac
Myocardial Contraction
Heart Contractility

The quality of affecting MYOCARDIUM contractility, positively or negatively.


An animal or plant species likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future.


A genus of the family RETROVIRIDAE consisting of non-oncogenic retroviruses that produce multi-organ diseases characterized by long incubation periods and persistent infection. Lentiviruses are unique in that they contain open reading frames (ORFs) between the pol and env genes and in the 3' env region. Five serogroups are recognized, reflecting the mammalian hosts with which they are associated. HIV-1 is the type species.


A relatively large mass of unusually firm scarlike connective tissue resulting from active participation of fibroblasts, occurring most frequently in the abdominal muscles of women who have borne children. The fibroblasts infiltrate surrounding muscle and fascia. (Stedman, 25th ed)


The type species of APHTHOVIRUS, causing FOOT-AND-MOUTH DISEASE in cloven-hoofed animals. Several different serotypes exist.


Femur
Lesser Trochanter
Trochanter
Greater Trochanter

The longest and largest bone of the skeleton, it is situated between the hip and the knee.


A state of depressed CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM marked by stupor or insensibility.


The sequential set of three nucleotides in TRANSFER RNA that interacts with its complement in MESSENGER RNA, the CODON, during translation in the ribosome.


Dibenzoquinolines derived in plants from (S)-reticuline (BENZYLISOQUINOLINES).


An order of CRENARCHAEOTA comprised of irregular coccoid to disc-shaped, hyperthermophiles, and found in submarine hydrothermal systems and solfataric hot springs.


New abnormal growth of tissue in the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM.


A benign central bone tumor, usually of the jaws (especially the mandible), composed of fibrous connective tissue within which bone is formed.


An order of BIRDS comprising the waterfowl, particularly DUCKS; GEESE; swans; and screamers.


A plant genus of the family APIACEAE. The roots are used as food.


Maillard Reaction
Browning Reaction
Food Browning

A group of nonenzymatic reactions in which aldehydes, ketones, or reducing sugars react with the amino groups of amino acids, peptides, proteins, lipids, or nucleic acids, ultimately resulting in the irreversible formation of ADVANCED GLYCATION END PRODUCTS. Food browning reactions, such as those that occur with cooking with high heat are attributed to this reaction type. This reaction also occurs in vivo and is accelerated under hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, and inflammatory conditions.


A pyrazine that is used therapeutically as an antitubercular agent.


A genus of colorless, filamentous, rod-shaped bacteria in the family THIOTRICHACEAE, containing sulfur globules. Thiothrix species are found as components of BIOFILMS in irrigation systems and wastewater treatment plants, and in marine environments as endosymbionts.


Science dealing with the properties, distribution, and circulation of water on and below the earth's surface, and atmosphere.


Organic compounds that have a relatively high VAPOR PRESSURE at room temperature.


A family of small gram-negative bacteria whose organisms are parasites of erythrocytes in man and other vertebrates and the etiologic agents of several diseases.


The generation of theories from analysis of empirical data.


Organic compounds containing the radical -CSNH2.


Benzopyrroles with the nitrogen at the number two carbon, in contrast to INDOLES which have the nitrogen adjacent to the six-membered ring.


Paired ducts in the human male through which semen is ejaculated into the urethra.


A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic bacteria. This organism shows remarkable pathobiologic properties: it adheres to cell surfaces, deeply penetrates into the cell, and strongly adsorbs human red blood cells and human CD4+ lymphocytes and monocytes. M. penetrans was first isolated from the urogenital tract of patients with AIDS and high frequencies of antibodies to it are seen in HIV-infected patients.


Tungrovirus
Rice tungro bacilliform virus

A genus of DNA plant viruses of the family CAULIMOVIRIDAE. The sole species, Rice tungro bacilliform virus, shows 25% identity with BADNAVIRUS. It is transmitted by leafhoppers with the assistance of RICE TUNGRO SPHERICAL VIRUS.


Enzymes that catalyze the cleavage of a carbon-oxygen bond by means other than hydrolysis or oxidation. EC 4.2.


The ongoing, systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health-related data with the purpose of preventing or controlling disease or injury, or of identifying unusual events of public health importance, followed by the dissemination and use of information for public health action. (From Am J Prev Med 2011;41(6):636)


A genus of FUNGI originally considered a member of the class SPOROZOEA but now recognized as part of the class MICROSPOREA.


The process of germ cell development from the primordial GERM CELLS to the mature haploid GAMETES: ova in the female (OOGENESIS) or sperm in the male (SPERMATOGENESIS).


The study of the physical and chemical properties of a drug and its dosage form as related to the onset, duration, and intensity of its action.


A plant genus of the family ZYGOPHYLLACEAE. Feruloyltyramine, balanitoside (a furostanol glycoside), and cytostatic steroidal saponins have been found in this genus. B. aegyptiaca fruit water extract is traditionally used as an anthelmintic in the Sudan.


A genus of gram-negative bacteria in the family Eubacteriaceae. Species are homoacetogenic, having the ability to use CARBON DIOXIDE as an electron sink, and to reduce it producing acetate as a typical fermentation product.


The valve between the left ventricle and the ascending aorta which prevents backflow into the left ventricle.


Voluntary use of free time for activities outside the daily routine.


The science that deals with the ocean and its phenomena. (Webster, 3d ed)


DNA elements that include the component genes and insertion site for a site-specific recombination system that enables them to capture mobile gene cassettes.


Urban Parks
National Parks
Parks, Recreational
Community Parks

An area of land open to the public for enjoyment.


Uses of chemicals which affect the course of conditions, diseases, syndromes or pathology to benefit the health of an individual.


The oxygen consumption level above which aerobic energy production is supplemented by anaerobic mechanisms during exercise, resulting in a sustained increase in lactate concentration and metabolic acidosis. The anaerobic threshold is affected by factors that modify oxygen delivery to the tissues; it is low in patients with heart disease. Methods of measurement include direct measure of lactate concentration, direct measurement of bicarbonate concentration, and gas exchange measurements.


A copy number variation that results in reduced GENE DOSAGE due to any loss-of-function mutation. The loss of heterozygosity is associated with abnormal phenotypes or diseased states because the remaining gene is insufficient.


The innermost layer of the heart, comprised of endothelial cells.


An order of mammals consisting of more than 300 species that include LEMURS; LORISIDAE; TARSIERS; MONKEYS; and HOMINIDS. They are characterized by a relatively large brain when compared with other terrestrial mammals, forward-facing eyes, the presence of a CALCARINE SULCUS, and specialized MECHANORECEPTORS in the hands and feet which allow the perception of light touch.


Water from natural sources which contain significant concentrations of dissolved salts such as sodium chloride.


Material used for wrapping or binding any part of the body.


Derivatives of butanone, also known as methyl ethyl ketone (with structural formula CH3COC2H5).


A group of polycyclic compounds closely related biochemically to TERPENES. They include cholesterol, numerous hormones, precursors of certain vitamins, bile acids, alcohols (STEROLS), and certain natural drugs and poisons. Steroids have a common nucleus, a fused, reduced 17-carbon atom ring system, cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene. Most steroids also have two methyl groups and an aliphatic side-chain attached to the nucleus. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed)


Animals having a vertebral column, members of the phylum Chordata, subphylum Craniata comprising mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fishes.


Uninuclear cells or a stage in the life cycle of sporozoan protozoa. Merozoites, released from ruptured multinucleate SCHIZONTS, enter the blood stream and infect the ERYTHROCYTES.


Measuring instruments for determining the temperature of matter. Most thermometers used in the field of medicine are designed for measuring body temperature or for use in the clinical laboratory. (From UMDNS, 1999)


A heterogeneous group of disorders, some hereditary, others acquired, characterized by abnormal structure or function of one or more of the elements of connective tissue, i.e., collagen, elastin, or the mucopolysaccharides.


Vaginal Diaphragm
Coiled Spring
Vaginal Rings
Contraceptive Devices, Female
Vaginal Shield
Cervical Cap
Vaginal Sponge


Oleagenous substances used topically to soothe, soften or protect skin or mucous membranes. They are used also as vehicles for other dermatologic agents.


A generic grouping for dihydric alcohols with the hydroxy groups (-OH) located on different carbon atoms. They are viscous liquids with high boiling points for their molecular weights.


Measurement of the pressure or tension of liquids or gases with a tonometer. It has been developed to measure pressure in the EYE; the BLOOD VESSELS; and the STOMACH.


Derivatives of ethylene, a simple organic gas of biological origin with many industrial and biological use.


The relationship between the chemical structure of a compound and its biological or pharmacological activity. Compounds are often classed together because they have structural characteristics in common including shape, size, stereochemical arrangement, and distribution of functional groups.


Innervated clusters of NEUROEPITHELIAL CELLS found in the LUNGS. They act as airway OXYGEN sensors, releasing regulatory PEPTIDES and SEROTONIN in response to HYPOXIA.


ICI-118587
Xamoterol Fumarate
Carwin
Corwin
Xamoterol Monohydrochloride
Xamoterol Monohydrobromide
Xamtol
Xamoterol, (S)-Isomer
Xamoterol Maleate (2:1)
Xamoterol Hemifumarate
Xamoterol

A phenoxypropanolamine derivative that is a selective beta-1-adrenergic agonist.


Maleness or femaleness as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from SEX CHARACTERISTICS, anatomical or physiological manifestations of sex, and from SEX DISTRIBUTION, the number of males and females in given circumstances.


The transfer of POLLEN grains (male gametes) to the plant ovule (female gamete).


Vegetable Juices
Fruit Juices
Fruit and Vegetable Juices


A species of gram-positive, strongly proteolytic bacteria in the family Clostridiaceae. It contains several forms of COLLAGENASE whose action can lead to GAS GANGRENE in humans and HORSES.


An actinomycete from which the antibiotics STREPTOMYCIN, grisein, and CANDICIDIN are obtained.


A genus of GRAM-POSITIVE ENDOSPORE-FORMING RODS, in the family Alicyclobacillaceae, containing a unique lipid in their membranes.


Books that are limited in availability, have early printing dates or special characteristics that increase the value of an individual copy, print run, or edition.


A condition observed in WOMEN and CHILDREN when there is excess coarse body hair of an adult male distribution pattern, such as facial and chest areas. It is the result of elevated ANDROGENS from the OVARIES, the ADRENAL GLANDS, or exogenous sources. The concept does not include HYPERTRICHOSIS, which is an androgen-independent excessive hair growth.


The process whereby a society changes from a rural to an urban way of life. It refers also to the gradual increase in the proportion of people living in urban areas.


Distortion or disfigurement of the ear caused by disease or injury after birth.


Quinone Reductases
Menaquinone Reductases

NAD(P)H:(quinone acceptor) oxidoreductases. A family that includes three enzymes which are distinguished by their sensitivity to various inhibitors. EC 1.6.99.2 (NAD(P)H DEHYDROGENASE (QUINONE);) is a flavoprotein which reduces various quinones in the presence of NADH or NADPH and is inhibited by dicoumarol. EC 1.6.99.5 (NADH dehydrogenase (quinone)) requires NADH, is inhibited by AMP and 2,4-dinitrophenol but not by dicoumarol or folic acid derivatives. EC 1.6.99.6 (NADPH dehydrogenase (quinone)) requires NADPH and is inhibited by dicoumarol and folic acid derivatives but not by 2,4-dinitrophenol.


Mastectomy, Radical
Meyer Mastectomy
Halsted Mastectomy

Removal of the breast, pectoral muscles, axillary lymph nodes, and associated skin and subcutaneous tissue.


A species of ARENAVIRUS, OLD WORLD that is the etiologic agent of acute febrile illness with hemorrhagic manifestations in Africa.


Phenomenon where increased BLOOD PRESSURE readings taken in non-clinical settings (e.g., HOME BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING) do not replicate in clinical settings.


Transmission and interpretation of tissue specimens via remote telecommunication, generally for the purpose of diagnosis or consultation but may also be used for continuing education.


Stimulation of the brain, which is self-administered. The stimulation may result in negative or positive reinforcement.


Senecio Alkaloids
Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids

A group of ALKALOIDS, characterized by a nitrogen-containing necine, occurring mainly in plants of the BORAGINACEAE; COMPOSITAE; and LEGUMINOSAE plant families. They can be activated in the liver by hydrolysis of the ester and desaturation of the necine base to reactive electrophilic pyrrolic CYTOTOXINS.


Retrognathia
Mandibular Retroposition
Mandibular Retrusion
Maxillary Retrusion
Maxillary Retroposition
Retrognathism

The condition or state of a person suffering from retrognathia.


Hemorrhagic Fever, American
Hemorrhagic Fever, Bolivian
Hemorrhagic Fever, Argentinian

Diseases caused by American hemorrhagic fever viruses (ARENAVIRUSES, NEW WORLD).


An order of nematodes of the subclass ADENOPHOREA. Its organisms commonly have a cylindrical esophagus. The superfamilies of this order are DIOCTOPHYMATOIDEA; MERMITHOIDEA; and TRICHUROIDEA.


Historical term for a chronic, but fluctuating, disorder beginning in early life and characterized by recurrent and multiple somatic complaints not apparently due to physical illness. This diagnosis is not used in contemporary practice.


A genus in the family Trichocomaceae, order EUROTIALES. The anamorph is ASPERGILLUS.


The religion stemming from the life, teachings, and death of Jesus Christ: the religion that believes in God as the Father Almighty who works redemptively through the Holy Spirit for men's salvation and that affirms Jesus Christ as Lord and Savior who proclaimed to man the gospel of salvation. (From Webster, 3d ed)


RED BLOOD CELL sensitivity to change in OSMOTIC PRESSURE. When exposed to a hypotonic concentration of sodium in a solution, red cells take in more water, swell until the capacity of the cell membrane is exceeded, and burst.


Alveolar Nerve, Superior
Maxillary Nerve

The intermediate sensory division of the trigeminal (5th cranial) nerve. The maxillary nerve carries general afferents from the intermediate region of the face including the lower eyelid, nose and upper lip, the maxillary teeth, and parts of the dura.


A botanical insecticide that is an inhibitor of mitochondrial electron transport.


Organic compounds containing the -CN radical. The concept is distinguished from CYANIDES, which denotes inorganic salts of HYDROGEN CYANIDE.


A species of gram-negative, aerobic bacteria that is found in soil and which causes formation of root nodules on some, but not all, types of field pea, lentil, kidney bean, and clover.


Type III intermediate filament proteins expressed mainly in neurons of the peripheral and CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEMS. Peripherins are implicated in neurite elongation during development and axonal regeneration after injury.


A genus of parasitic FUNGI in the family Pleistophoridae that infects humans.


Pneumonectomy
Lung Volume Reduction
Partial Pneumonectomy

The excision of lung tissue including partial or total lung lobectomy.


A plant genus of the family CLUSIACEAE. Members contain benzophenones.


The use of an aberrometer to measure eye tissue imperfections or abnormalities based on the way light passes through the eye which affects the ability of the eye to focus properly.


Non-heme iron-containing enzymes that incorporate two atoms of OXYGEN into the substrate. They are important in biosynthesis of FLAVONOIDS; GIBBERELLINS; and HYOSCYAMINE; and for degradation of AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS.


Sudden, violent, and often destructive expansion of gases which propagates energy outward, such as a shock wave, ejecting fragments and debris at high velocities.


A broadly expressed type D cyclin. Experiments using KNOCKOUT MICE suggest a role for cyclin D3 in LYMPHOCYTE development.


Major constituent of the cytoskeleton found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. They form a flexible framework for the cell, provide attachment points for organelles and formed bodies, and make communication between parts of the cell possible.


Narrow pieces of material impregnated or covered with a substance used to produce a chemical reaction. The strips are used in detecting, measuring, producing, etc., other substances. (From Dorland, 28th ed)


The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.


One of the largest genera of BROWN ALGAE, comprised of more than 150 species found in tropical, subtropical, and temperate zones of both hemispheres. Some species are attached (benthic) but most float in the open sea (pelagic). Sargassum provides a critical habitat for hundreds of species of FISHES; TURTLES; and INVERTEBRATES.


Examination of urine by chemical, physical, or microscopic means. Routine urinalysis usually includes performing chemical screening tests, determining specific gravity, observing any unusual color or odor, screening for bacteriuria, and examining the sediment microscopically.


Unstable isotopes of sulfur that decay or disintegrate spontaneously emitting radiation. S 29-31, 35, 37, and 38 are radioactive sulfur isotopes.


A family of gram-positive non-sporing bacteria including many parasitic, pathogenic, and saprophytic forms.


Ethnic War
Ethnic Conflict
Ethnic Violence

Violence or other hostile behavior arising when an ethnic group either feels itself under threat, or where it seeks to assert its superiority or dominance over other groups.


Inorganic salts of the hypothetical acid ferrocyanic acid (H4Fe(CN)6).


The tunnel in the lower anterior ABDOMINAL WALL through which the SPERMATIC CORD, in the male; ROUND LIGAMENT, in the female; nerves; and vessels pass. Its internal end is at the deep inguinal ring and its external end is at the superficial inguinal ring.


A genus of DNA plant viruses with bacilliform morphology. Transmission in clonally-propagated plants is by vegetative propagation of infected plant materials. Transmission in nature is by mealybugs, seeds, and pollen. The type species is Commelina yellow mottle virus.


One of a pair of irregularly shaped quadrilateral bones situated between the FRONTAL BONE and OCCIPITAL BONE, which together form the sides of the CRANIUM.


Inorganic or organic salts and esters of boric acid.


Personal devices for protection of heads from impact, penetration from falling and flying objects, and from limited electric shock and burn.


Cyclic AMIDES formed from aminocarboxylic acids by the elimination of water. Lactims are the enol forms of lactams.


Division of tissues by a high-frequency current applied locally with a metal instrument or needle. (Stedman, 25th ed)


Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2)
Streptomyces coelicolor

A soil-dwelling actinomycete with a complex lifecycle involving mycelial growth and spore formation. It is involved in the production of a number of medically important ANTIBIOTICS.


Denervation
Neurectomy
Radiofrequency Neurotomy
Laser Neurectomy
Peripheral Neurectomy

The resection or removal of the nerve to an organ or part.


Pregnanes which have undergone ring contractions or are lacking carbon-18 or carbon-19. Unsaturation in the steroid ring system is not included.


Benign, congenital, neuroepithelial cysts that are typically filled with a viscous mucus. They usually arise in the anterior portion of the THIRD VENTRICLE between the fornices.


Calcium salts of phosphoric acid. These compounds are frequently used as calcium supplements.


A rating of a body of water based on measurable physical, chemical, and biological characteristics.


A family of possums and cuscuses found in Australia, Tasmania, New Guinea and other islands.


A former branch of knowledge embracing the study, description, and classification of natural objects (as animals, plants, and minerals) and thus including the modern sciences of zoology, botany, and mineralogy insofar as they existed at that time. In the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries it was much used for the generalized pursuit of certain areas of science. (Webster, 3d ed; from Dr. James H. Cassedy, NLM History of Medicine Division)


Connectivity facilitated by computer-based communications among persons with family, work, or other common interests.


An order of parasitic protozoa found in blood cells and epithelial cells of vertebrates and invertebrates. Life cycles involve both sexual and asexual phases.


Threatened or actual attempt to harm others at place of employment.


A plant genus of the family Martyniaceae, order Lamiales. Common name devilsclaw is also a common name of the genus HARPAGOPHYTUM PROCUMBENS.


Porphyrins with four methyl, two ethyl, and two propionic acid side chains attached to the pyrrole rings.


A sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide or of nucleotides in DNA or RNA that is similar across multiple species. A known set of conserved sequences is represented by a CONSENSUS SEQUENCE. AMINO ACID MOTIFS are often composed of conserved sequences.


Mental processing of chromatic signals (COLOR VISION) from the eye by the VISUAL CORTEX where they are converted into symbolic representations. Color perception involves numerous neurons, and is influenced not only by the distribution of wavelengths from the viewed object, but also by its background color and brightness contrast at its boundary.


A group of compounds with the heterocyclic ring structure of benzo(c)pyridine. The ring structure is characteristic of the group of opium alkaloids such as papaverine. (From Stedman, 25th ed)


General increase in bulk of a part or organ due to CELL ENLARGEMENT and accumulation of FLUIDS AND SECRETIONS, not due to tumor formation, nor to an increase in the number of cells (HYPERPLASIA).


Bacteriocins elaborated by mutant strains of Bacillus megaterium. They are protein or protein-lipopolysaccharide complexes lethal to other strains of the same species.


The status of health in rural populations.


A genus of nematodes of the superfamily ASCARIDOIDEA. Its organisms are found in the stomachs of marine animals and birds. Human infection occurs by ingestion of raw fish that contain larvae.


A group of carcinomas which share a characteristic morphology, often being composed of clusters and trabecular sheets of round "blue cells", granular chromatin, and an attenuated rim of poorly demarcated cytoplasm. Neuroendocrine tumors include carcinoids, small ("oat") cell carcinomas, medullary carcinoma of the thyroid, Merkel cell tumor, cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma, pancreatic islet cell tumors, and pheochromocytoma. Neurosecretory granules are found within the tumor cells. (Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)


Calcium fluoride. Occurring in nature as the mineral fluorite or fluorspar. It is the primary source of fluorine and its compounds. Pure calcium fluoride is used as a catalyst in dehydration and dehydrogenation and is used to fluoridate drinking water. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)


Fields representing the joint interplay of electric and magnetic forces.


Malformation of external portion of EAR AURICLE.


A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that may be pathogenic for frogs, fish, and mammals, including man. In humans, cellulitis and diarrhea can result from infection with this organism.


An order of mostly woody plants in the superorder ROSANAE. Members of the MALVALES grow in various habitats around the world.


The survival of a graft in a host, the factors responsible for the survival and the changes occurring within the graft during growth in the host.


The holly plant family of the order Celastrales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida.


Solar Activity
Sunspots
Solar Flares
Solar Particle Events

Any type of variation in the appearance of energy output of the sun. (NASA Thesaurus, 1994)


In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.


A fibroblast growth factor that may play a role in regulation of HAIR FOLLICLE phenotype. Spontaneous mutation of the gene for this protein results in a strain of MICE with abnormally long hair, referred to as angora mice.


General Social Development and Population

A social science dealing with group relationships, patterns of collective behavior, and social organization.


A family of gram-negative, aerobic bacteria that do not form endospores or microcysts.


Devices for the compression of a blood vessel by application around an extremity to control the circulation and prevent the flow of blood to or from the distal area. (From Dorland, 28th ed)


Inflammation of the GASTRIC MUCOSA, a lesion observed in a number of unrelated disorders.


The distance between the anterior and posterior poles of the eye, measured either by ULTRASONOGRAPHY or by partial coherence interferometry.


A liquid resinous varnish solubilized in a volatile solvent which may be combined with a pigment. It forms a hard, glossy, and protective coating when applied to wood or metal.


1,2-Benzphenanthrenes. POLYCYCLIC COMPOUNDS obtained from coal tar.


An order of zygomycetous fungi, usually saprophytic, causing damage to food in storage, but which may cause respiratory infection or MUCORMYCOSIS in persons suffering from other debilitating diseases.


The ability to carry out daily tasks and perform physical activities in a highly functional state, often as a result of physical conditioning.


Infection with the Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus, a Flavivirus.


Voluntary public participation in the scientific process, addressing real-world problems in ways that may include formulating research questions, conducting scientific experiments, collecting and analyzing data, interpreting results, making new discoveries, developing technologies and applications, for solving complex problems. (From https://www.citizenscience.gov/)


A historical and cultural entity dispersed across a wide geographical area under the administrative, intellectual, social, and cultural domination of the Arab empire. The Arab world, under the impetus of Islam, by the eighth century A.D., extended from Arabia in the Middle East to all of northern Africa, southern Spain, Sardinia, and Sicily. Close contact was maintained with Greek and Jewish culture. While the principal service of the Arabs to medicine was the preservation of Greek culture, the Arabs themselves were the originators of algebra, chemistry, geology, and many of the refinements of civilization. (From A. Castiglioni, A History of Medicine, 2d ed, p260; from F. H. Garrison, An Introduction to the History of Medicine, 4th ed, p126)


The common orally transmitted traditions, myths, festivals, songs, superstitions, and stories of all peoples.


A parameter usually used in PRENATAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY to measure the length of the uterine neck (CERVIX UTERI). Cervical length or its shortening is used to identify and prevent early cervical opening and PRETERM BIRTH.


A carcinoma that originates usually from cells on the surface of the middle and lower third of the ESOPHAGUS. Tumor cells exhibit typical squamous morphology and form large polypoid lesions. Mutations in RNF6, LZTS1, TGFBR2, DEC1, and WWOX1 genes are associated with this cancer.


A blood group related both to the ABO and P systems that includes several different antigens found in most people on erythrocytes, in milk, and in saliva. The antibodies react only at low temperatures.


A purine base found in most body tissues and fluids, certain plants, and some urinary calculi. It is an intermediate in the degradation of adenosine monophosphate to uric acid, being formed by oxidation of hypoxanthine. The methylated xanthine compounds caffeine, theobromine, and theophylline and their derivatives are used in medicine for their bronchodilator effects. (Dorland, 28th ed)


Respiratory syndrome characterized by the appearance of a new pulmonary infiltrate on chest x-ray, accompanied by symptoms of fever, cough, chest pain, tachypnea, or DYSPNEA, often seen in patients with SICKLE CELL ANEMIA. Multiple factors (e.g., infection, and pulmonary FAT EMBOLISM) may contribute to the development of the syndrome.


Whitish aromatic crystalline organic compounds made up of two conjoined BENZENE rings.


Luciferases from FIREFLIES, usually Photinus, that oxidizes FIREFLY LUCIFERIN to cause emission of PHOTONS.


Streptodornase and Streptokinase
Varidase

A mixture of the enzymes (streptokinase and streptodornase) produced by hemolytic streptococci. It is used topically on surface lesions and by instillation in closed body cavities to remove clotted blood or fibrinous or purulent accumulations. It is also used as a skin test antigen in evaluating generalized cell-mediated immunodeficiency. (Dorland, 27th ed) EC 3.-.


Low molecular weight, calcium binding muscle proteins. Their physiological function is possibly related to the contractile process.


Prostaglandin-like compounds produced by free radical-induced peroxidation of DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACIDS, which are highly enriched in the brain. Formation is analogous to ISOPROSTANES formation from ARACHIDONIC ACID.


Publications printed and distributed daily, weekly, or at some other regular and usually short interval, containing news, articles of opinion (as editorials and letters), features, advertising, and announcements of current interest. (Webster's 3d ed)


Organic chemicals where aryl or alkyl groups are joined by two nitrogen atoms through a double bond (R-N=N-R'; R and R' may be either aryl or alkyl). They may be used as DYES.


Peroxidase catalyzed oxidation of lipids using hydrogen peroxide as an electron acceptor.


A rod-shaped, gram-positive, non-acid-fast, non-spore-forming, non-motile bacterium that is a genus of the family Bifidobacteriaceae, order Bifidobacteriales, class ACTINOBACTERIA. It inhabits the intestines and feces of humans as well as the human vagina.


Diseases of the PERIAPICAL TISSUE surrounding the root of the tooth, which is distinguished from DENTAL PULP DISEASES inside the TOOTH ROOT.


A uricosuric and muscle relaxant. Zoxazolamine acts centrally as a muscle relaxant, but the mechanism of its action is not understood.


Gram-negative non-motile bacteria found in soil or brines.


NARRATION as a tool to collect and interpret information on a patient's experience of illness


A malignant tumor composed of more than one type of neoplastic tissue. (Dorland, 27th ed)


Conditions in which the abnormalities in the peripheral blood or bone marrow represent the early manifestations of acute leukemia, but in which the changes are not of sufficient magnitude or specificity to permit a diagnosis of acute leukemia by the usual clinical criteria.


Cyclic Nucleotide-Regulated Protein Kinases

A group of enzymes that catalyzes the phosphorylation of serine or threonine residues of proteins and is dependent on cyclic nucleotides.


Refusal to Treat
Physician Refusal to Treat
Patient Abandonment

Refusal of the health professional to initiate or continue treatment of a patient or group of patients. The refusal can be based on any reason. The concept is differentiated from PATIENT REFUSAL OF TREATMENT see TREATMENT REFUSAL which originates with the patient and not the health professional.


Recognition and elimination of potential irregularities and malpositions in the developing dentofacial complex.


Necrobiosis Lipoidica
Necrobiosis Lipoidica Diabeticorum

A degenerative disease of the dermal connective tissue characterized by the development of erythematous papules or nodules in the pretibial area. The papules form plaques covered with telangiectatic vessels. More than half of the affected patients have diabetes.


Names based on or derived from the name of a person or a place.


Organic salts and esters of benzenesulfonic acid.


A plant genus of the family POACEAE. The common name of wheatgrass is also used for other plants in the family.


DITERPENES with three LACTONES and a unique tert-butyl group, which are found in GINKGO plants along with BILOBALIDES.


Unstable isotopes of cesium that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Cs atoms with atomic weights of 123, 125-132, and 134-145 are radioactive cesium isotopes.


Patient care provided in the home or institution intermittently in order to provide temporary relief to the family home care giver.


Dibenz(b,f)(1,4)oxazepine-10(11H)-carboxylic acid, 8-chloro-, 2-acetylhydrazide

Inhibits the activity of prostaglandins.


Renal calculi with a characteristic shape like antlers of a deer, formed as it extends into multiple calices of the RENAL PELVIS. A large number of staghorn calculi as well as other URINARY CALCULI are composed of STRUVITE.


The science dealing with the correlation of the physical characteristics of a stimulus, e.g., frequency or intensity, with the response to the stimulus, in order to assess the psychologic factors involved in the relationship.


Cysts found in the jaws and arising from epithelium involved in tooth formation. They include follicular cysts (e.g., primordial cyst, dentigerous cyst, multilocular cyst), lateral periodontal cysts, and radicular cysts. They may become keratinized (odontogenic keratocysts). Follicular cysts may give rise to ameloblastomas and, in rare cases, undergo malignant transformation.


Nitrofuran derivative anti-infective agent used for urinary tract infections.


Sodium Chloride
Sodium Chloride, (22)Na
Sodium Chloride, (24)NaCl

A ubiquitous sodium salt that is commonly used to season food.


A mucopolysaccharide constituent of chondrin. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)


An exchange of segments between the sister chromatids of a chromosome, either between the sister chromatids of a meiotic tetrad or between the sister chromatids of a duplicated somatic chromosome. Its frequency is increased by ultraviolet and ionizing radiation and other mutagenic agents and is particularly high in BLOOM SYNDROME.


Death of a bride in an arranged marriage for the failure of her family to meet dowry demands.


Reporting to parents or guardians about care to be provided to a minor (MINORS).


Derivatives of benzylic acid, including its salts and esters,


A fungal genus in the family Trichocomaceae, order EUROTIALES, characterized by loose hyphal fruiting bodies containing spherical asci. Anamorphs include PENICILLIUM and PAECILOMYCES.


Wooden or metal staffs designed to aid a person in walking. (UMDNS,1999)


A measure of relative protection provided by SUNSCREENING AGENTS against burns due to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from a light source.


Works about ordered compilations of item descriptions and sufficient information to afford access to them.


Insects that transmit infective organisms from one host to another or from an inanimate reservoir to an animate host.


The application of TOXICOLOGY knowledge to questions of law.


Immune complex disease caused by the administration of foreign serum or serum proteins and characterized by fever, lymphadenopathy, arthralgia, and urticaria. When they are complexed to protein carriers, some drugs can also cause serum sickness when they act as haptens inducing antibody responses.


The change in gene frequency in a population due to migration of gametes or individuals (ANIMAL MIGRATION) across population barriers. In contrast, in GENETIC DRIFT the cause of gene frequency changes are not a result of population or gamete movement.


Discussion of works containing information articles on subjects in various fields of knowledge, usually arranged in alphabetical order, or a similar work limited to a special field or subject. (From The ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983)


REM Sleep Deprivation
Sleep Deprivation
Sleep Fragmentation
Insufficient Sleep Syndrome

The state of being deprived of sleep under experimental conditions, due to life events, or from a wide variety of pathophysiologic causes such as medication effect, chronic illness, psychiatric illness, or sleep disorder.


Marketing
Audience Research
Market Research

Activity involved in transfer of goods from producer to consumer or in the exchange of services.


Infections by MESOMYCETOZOEA, general or unspecified.


A set of twelve curved bones which connect to the vertebral column posteriorly, and terminate anteriorly as costal cartilage. Together, they form a protective cage around the internal thoracic organs.


The state that distinguishes organisms from inorganic matter, manifested by growth, metabolism, reproduction, and adaptation. It includes the course of existence, the sum of experiences, the mode of existing, or the fact of being. Over the centuries inquiries into the nature of life have crossed the boundaries from philosophy to biology, forensic medicine, anthropology, etc., in creative as well as scientific literature. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed; Dr. James H. Cassedy, NLM History of Medicine Division)


A genus of Gram-negative, non-spore forming, anaerobic, rod shaped bacteria in the Ruminococcaceae family, order Clostridiales that occur in the human gut.


Examination of the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye with a specialized optical instrument (gonioscope) or a contact prism lens.


A genus of massive or globular SPONGES in the family Geodiidae, with large spicules at or near the surface.


The process of making a selective intellectual judgment when presented with several complex alternatives consisting of several variables, and usually defining a course of action or an idea.


Resinous substances which most commonly originate from trees. In addition to resins, they contain oils, cinnamic acid and BENZOIC ACID.


Restraining belts fastened to the frame of automobiles, aircraft, or other vehicles, and strapped around the person occupying the seat in the car or plane, intended to prevent the person from being thrown forward or out of the vehicle in case of sudden deceleration.


The nervous system outside of the brain and spinal cord. The peripheral nervous system has autonomic and somatic divisions. The autonomic nervous system includes the enteric, parasympathetic, and sympathetic subdivisions. The somatic nervous system includes the cranial and spinal nerves and their ganglia and the peripheral sensory receptors.


A genus of gram positive, acetogenic, thermophilic bacteria in the family Thermoanaerobacteraceae. Known habitats include HOT SPRINGS, horse manure, emu droppings, and sewage SLUDGE.


A genus of the family POXVIRIDAE, subfamily CHORDOPOXVIRINAE, which infect ungulates and may infect humans. ORF VIRUS is the type species.


A class of ciliate protozoa. Characteristics include the presence of a well developed oral apparatus and oral cilia being clearly distinct from somatic cilia.


Inflammation involving the URETHRA. Similar to CYSTITIS, clinical symptoms range from vague discomfort to painful urination (DYSURIA), urethral discharge, or both.


A species of gram-negative, halophilic bacteria, in the genus VIBRIO. It is considered part of normal marine flora and commonly associated with ear infections and superficial wounds exposed to contaminated water sources.


A class of green algae in the subdivision CHLOROPHYTINA distinguished by its ultrastructural morphology. Some species have distinct arrangement of flagella.


Derivatives of BENZOIC ACID that contain one or more amino groups attached to the benzene ring structure. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that include the aminobenzoate structure.


The muscular structure separating the right and the left lower chambers (HEART VENTRICLES) of the heart. The ventricular septum consists of a very small membranous portion just beneath the AORTIC VALVE, and a large thick muscular portion consisting of three sections including the inlet septum, the trabecular septum, and the outlet septum.


Application of tests and examinations to identify visual defects or vision disorders occurring in specific populations, as in school children, the elderly, etc. It is differentiated from VISION TESTS, which are given to evaluate/measure individual visual performance not related to a specific population.


A species of METHYLOBACTERIUM which can utilize acetate, ethanol, or methylamine as a sole carbon source. (From Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 9th ed)


7-carbon saturated monocarboxylic acids.


Organs and other anatomical structures of non-human vertebrate and invertebrate animals.


A group of compounds that are derivatives of heptanedioic acid with the general formula R-C7H11O4.


Order of woody flowering plants which grow as trees and shrubs that include the genera, Illicium and Schisandra.


A malignant neoplasm of the germinal tissue of the GONADS; MEDIASTINUM; or pineal region. Germinomas are uniform in appearance, consisting of large, round cells with vesicular nuclei and clear or finely granular eosinophilic-staining cytoplasm. (Stedman, 265th ed; from DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, pp1642-3)


Symptoms of disorders of the lower urinary tract including frequency, NOCTURIA; urgency, incomplete voiding, and URINARY INCONTINENCE. They are often associated with OVERACTIVE BLADDER; URINARY INCOMPETENCE; and INTERSTITIAL CYSTITIS. Lower urinary tract symptoms in males were traditionally called PROSTATISM.


A genus of very small TAPEWORMS, in the family Taeniidae. The adult form is found in various CARNIVORA but not humans. The larval form is seen in humans under certain epidemiologic circumstances.


A genus of colorless, filamentous bacteria in the family THIOTRICHACEAE whose cells contain inclusions of sulfur granules. When found in decaying seaweed beds and polluted water, its presence signals environmental degradation.


Laboratory Scientists
Laboratory Technicians
Laboratory Assistants
Laboratory Personnel

Professionals, technicians, and assistants staffing LABORATORIES.


A class of minute animals of the phylum Aschelminthes.


The minimum concentration at which taste sensitivity to a particular substance or food can be perceived.


Histamine substituted in any position with one or more methyl groups. Many of these are agonists for the H1, H2, or both histamine receptors.


A plant genus of the family SOLANACEAE which contain SOLANACEOUS ALKALOIDS including ATROPINE which is named after this genus.


A ceramidase subtype that is active at neutral pH. It is found at high levels within the SMALL INTESTINE and in the BRAIN.


An anthrocycline from a Streptomyces nogalater variant. It is a cytolytic antineoplastic that inhibits DNA-dependent RNA synthesis by binding to DNA.


A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid and precursor in the biosynthetic pathway known as the mevalonate pathway, which produces terpenes and steroids that are vital for diverse cellular functions.


Gross Domestic Product
Gross National Product

Value of all final goods and services produced in a country in one year.


Methods of generating, allocating, and using financial resources in healthcare systems.


Condition of having pores or open spaces. This often refers to bones, bone implants, or bone cements, but can refer to the porous state of any solid substance.


Aminopterin, Disodium Salt
Aminopterin
Aminopterin Sodium

A folic acid derivative used as a rodenticide that has been shown to be teratogenic.


A physiologically diverse phylum of acidophilic, gram-negative bacteria found in a wide variety of habitats, but particularly abundant in soils and sediments.


A family of flukes (TREMATODA) usually under 10 mm in length, some being only 1 or 2 mm long. In general they are thick, spinous, or scaly flukes having an oval outline and living in various organs and sinuses of birds and mammals. The genus with the greatest interest is PARAGONIMUS. (From Noble et al., Parasitology: the Biology of Animal Parasites, 6th ed, p191)


Sympaethamin Synephrin Oxedrine Synephrine

Sympathetic alpha-adrenergic agonist with actions like PHENYLEPHRINE. It is used as a vasoconstrictor in circulatory failure, asthma, nasal congestion, and glaucoma.


Mosquitoes (members of the family CULICIDAE) that transmit pathogens or their intermediate forms from one host to another.


Those actions designed to carry out recommendations pertaining to health plans or programs.


The anterior portion of the head that includes the skin, muscles, and structures of the forehead, eyes, nose, mouth, cheeks, and jaw.


Proteins that have one or more tightly bound metal ions forming part of their structure. (Dorland, 28th ed)


Chemical agents that uncouple oxidation from phosphorylation in the metabolic cycle so that ATP synthesis does not occur. Included here are those IONOPHORES that disrupt electron transfer by short-circuiting the proton gradient across mitochondrial membranes.


A variable annual leguminous vine (Pisum sativum) that is cultivated for its rounded smooth or wrinkled edible protein-rich seeds, the seed of the pea, and the immature pods with their included seeds. (From Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary, 1973)


Part of the brain located in the MEDULLA OBLONGATA and PONS. It receives neural, chemical and hormonal signals, and controls the rate and depth of respiratory movements of the DIAPHRAGM and other respiratory muscles.


The process of exocrine secretion of the SWEAT GLANDS, including the aqueous sweat from the ECCRINE GLANDS and the complex viscous fluids of the APOCRINE GLANDS.


A filarial nematode parasite of mammalian blood with the vector being a tick or small fly.


The quality of surface form or outline of ORGANELLES.


One of three principal openings in the SUBARACHNOID SPACE. They are also known as cerebellomedullary cistern, and collectively as cisterns.


Ribulose substituted by one or more phosphoric acid moieties.


A family of gram-negative, asporogenous rods or ovoid cells, aerobic or facultative anaerobic chemoorganotrophs. They are commonly isolated from SOIL, activated sludge, or marine environments.


Inflammation of the large airways in the lung including any part of the BRONCHI, from the PRIMARY BRONCHI to the TERTIARY BRONCHI.


Creation of an artificial external opening into the stomach for nutritional support or gastrointestinal compression.


Nutritive tissue of the seeds of flowering plants that surrounds the EMBRYOS. It is produced by a parallel process of fertilization in which a second male gamete from the pollen grain fuses with two female nuclei within the embryo sac. The endosperm varies in ploidy and contains reserves of starch, oils, and proteins, making it an important source of human nutrition.


Materials that have a limited and usually variable electrical conductivity. They are particularly useful for the production of solid-state electronic devices.


Methods of maintaining or growing biological materials in controlled laboratory conditions. These include the cultures of CELLS; TISSUES; organs; or embryo in vitro. Both animal and plant tissues may be cultured by a variety of methods. Cultures may derive from normal or abnormal tissues, and consist of a single cell type or mixed cell types.


Scotoma, Scintillating
Scotoma, Bjerrum
Scotoma, Paracecal
Scotoma, Altitudinal
Scotoma, Arcuate
Scotoma, Paracentral
Scotoma, Central
Scotoma, Ring
Scotoma, Sector
Scotoma
Scotoma, Peripheral
Scotoma, Centrocecal

A localized defect in the visual field bordered by an area of normal vision. This occurs with a variety of EYE DISEASES (e.g., RETINAL DISEASES and GLAUCOMA), OPTIC NERVE DISEASES, and other conditions.


Hypertonic Stress
Hypotonic Shock
Hypotonic Stress
Osmotic Pressure
Osmotic Stress
Osmotic Shock
Hypertonic Shock

A change in the osmotic pressure caused by an increase in the concentration of solution to which a cell is exposed.


Sulfuric acid diammonium salt. It is used in CHEMICAL FRACTIONATION of proteins.


Surgical removal of an overhanging apron of skin and subcutaneous fat in the lower abdominal area of morbidly obese or formerly obese patient.


A genus of gram-positive cocci in the family AEROCOCCACEAE, occurring as airborne saprophytes.


Sequelae of gastrectomy from the second week after operation on. Include recurrent or anastomotic ulcer, postprandial syndromes (DUMPING SYNDROME and late postprandial hypoglycemia), disordered bowel action, and nutritional deficiencies.


The turning inward (inversion) of the edge of the eyelid, with the tarsal cartilage turned inward toward the eyeball. (Dorland, 27th ed)


A genus of gram-negative, anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria isolated from the bovine RUMEN, the human gingival sulcus, and dental PULPITIS infections.


Disorders affecting TWINS, one or both, at any age.


Ethylamines, including CYSTEAMINE, that contain a sulfhydryl group in their structure.


The mixture of gases present in the earth's atmosphere consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and small amounts of other gases.


A phenomenon manifested by an agent or substance adhering to or being adsorbed on the surface of a red blood cell, as tuberculin can be adsorbed on red blood cells under certain conditions. (Stedman, 25th ed)


A puncture or hole through the CORNEAL STROMA resulting from various diseases or trauma.


Compensation for damages or loss caused by the insured.


Measurement of parameters of the speech product such as vocal tone, loudness, pitch, voice quality, articulation, resonance, phonation, phonetic structure and prosody.


Inorganic compounds that contain osmium as an integral part of the molecule.


An antibiotic substance produced by Streptomyces species. It inhibits mitochondrial respiration and may deplete cellular levels of ATP. Antimycin A1 has been used as a fungicide, insecticide, and miticide. (From Merck Index, 12th ed)


The formation of dentin. Dentin first appears in the layer between the ameloblasts and odontoblasts and becomes calcified immediately. Formation progresses from the tip of the papilla over its slope to form a calcified cap becoming thicker by the apposition of new layers pulpward. A layer of uncalcified dentin intervenes between the calcified tissue and the odontoblast and its processes. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992)


The genetic complement of a microorganism as represented in its DNA or in some microorganisms its RNA.


Excision of the apical portion of a tooth through an opening made in the overlying labial, buccal, or palatal alveolar bone. (Dorland, 28th ed)


A genus of non-sterol-requiring insect and plant TENERICUTES in the family Entomoplasmataceae.


A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that occurs in soil, fecal matter, and sewage. It is an opportunistic pathogen and causes cystitis and pyelonephritis.


Muscle contraction with negligible change in the force of contraction but shortening of the distance between the origin and insertion.


Analogs or derivatives of mandelic acid (alpha-hydroxybenzeneacetic acid).


A collection of historical documents or records providing information about places, institutions, or groups of people; also the place where such records are kept.


Keto acids that are derivatives of 4-oxopentanoic acids (levulinic acid).


A complete denture constructed for replacement of natural teeth immediately after their removal. It does not fit the mouth perfectly and is intended only for functional and cosmetic purposes during the healing process after total extraction. It is to be replaced by the fitted permanent denture.


A transient dilatation of the lymphatic vessels.


A biochemical phenomenon in which misfolded proteins aggregate either intra- or extracellularly. Triggered by factors such as MUTATION; POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS, and environmental stress, it is generally associated with ALZHEIMER DISEASE; PARKINSON DISEASE; HUNTINGTON DISEASE; and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS.


Swainsonine, (1R-(2 beta,8a alpha))-Isomer

An indolizidine alkaloid from the plant Swainsona canescens that is a potent alpha-mannosidase inhibitor. Swainsonine also exhibits antimetastatic, antiproliferative, and immunomodulatory activity.


A biogenic amine that is found in animals and plants. In mammals, melatonin is produced by the PINEAL GLAND. Its secretion increases in darkness and decreases during exposure to light. Melatonin is implicated in the regulation of SLEEP, mood, and REPRODUCTION. Melatonin is also an effective antioxidant.


Lateral Pterygoid Nerve
Mandibular Nerve
Alveolar Nerve, Inferior
Buccal Nerve
Masseteric Nerve
Mylohyoid Nerve
Auriculotemporal Nerve
Mental Nerve
Deep Temporal Nerve

A branch of the trigeminal (5th cranial) nerve. The mandibular nerve carries motor fibers to the muscles of mastication and sensory fibers to the teeth and gingivae, the face in the region of the mandible, and parts of the dura.


A transient increase in the number of leukocytes in a body fluid.


Inorganic salts of chloric acid that contain the ClO3- ion.


The region of the HAND between the WRIST and the FINGERS.


Slender-bodies diurnal insects having large, broad wings often strikingly colored and patterned.


A genus of parasitic nematodes of the superfamily METASTRONGYLOIDEA. Two species, ANGIOSTRONGYLUS CANTONENSIS and A. vasorum, infest the lungs of rats and dogs, respectively. A. cantonensis is transmissible to man where it causes frequently fatal infection of the central nervous system.


The 31 paired peripheral nerves formed by the union of the dorsal and ventral spinal roots from each spinal cord segment. The spinal nerve plexuses and the spinal roots are also included.


A genus of RED ALGAE in the family Gracilariaceae. It is a highly commercial SEAWEED and a source of AGAR.


Floorcoverings
Carpets
Floors and Floorcoverings
Floors

The surface of a structure upon which one stands or walks.


A plant family of the order Pinales, class Pinopsida, division Tracheophyta, known for the various conifers.


Dictionaries as Topic
Glossaries as Topic

Works about reference books containing words and their meaning.


A species of gram-positive, asporogenous, non-pathogenic, soil bacteria that produces GLUTAMIC ACID.


A subspecialty of Pediatrics concerned with the newborn infant.


A sharply elevated, irregularly shaped, progressively enlarging scar resulting from formation of excessive amounts of collagen in the dermis during connective tissue repair. It is differentiated from a hypertrophic scar (CICATRIX, HYPERTROPHIC) in that the former does not spread to surrounding tissues.


The process of accepting patients. The concept includes patients accepted for medical and nursing care in a hospital or other health care institution.


A building block of penicillin, devoid of significant antibacterial activity. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)


A species of gram-positive, rod-shaped LACTIC ACID bacteria that is frequently used as starter culture in SILAGE fermentation, sourdough, and lactic-acid-fermented types of beer and wine.


The blood/lymphlike nutrient fluid of some invertebrates.


The effects, both local and systemic, caused by the bites of TICKS.


Comprehensive, methodical analysis of complex biological systems by monitoring responses to perturbations of biological processes. Large scale, computerized collection and analysis of the data are used to develop and test models of biological systems.


A species of Lactobacillus that occurs in the human GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT and VAGINA. It produces BACTERIOCINS and HYDROGEN PEROXIDE and is used as a PROBIOTIC.


A plant genus of the family RUTACEAE that is the natural source of PILOCARPINE.


A benign tumor of the nervous system that may occur sporadically or in association with VON HIPPEL-LINDAU DISEASE. It accounts for approximately 2% of intracranial tumors, arising most frequently in the cerebellar hemispheres and vermis. Histologically, the tumors are composed of multiple capillary and sinusoidal channels lined with endothelial cells and clusters of lipid-laden pseudoxanthoma cells. Usually solitary, these tumors can be multiple and may also occur in the brain stem, spinal cord, retina, and supratentorial compartment. Cerebellar hemangioblastomas usually present in the third decade with INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION, and ataxia. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2071-2)


The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms.


The branch of science that deals with the geometric description of crystals and their internal arrangement. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)


Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Impedance Analysis

Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation Monitoring

A piezoelectric mass-sensing devise sensitive in the nanomolar range.


A plant family of the order Gentianales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida. They have leaflike appendages at the base of the leafstalks, have terminal flower clusters. Petals have four or five overlapping lobes and the fruit is a capsule containing winged or wingless seeds.


Liquid material found in epithelial-lined closed cavities or sacs.


Magnesium Sulfate, Heptahydrate
Magnesium Sulfate

A small colorless crystal used as an anticonvulsant, a cathartic, and an electrolyte replenisher in the treatment of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. It causes direct inhibition of action potentials in myometrial muscle cells. Excitation and contraction are uncoupled, which decreases the frequency and force of contractions. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1083)


A plant genus of the family ZYGOPHYLLACEAE. Members contain SAPONINS.


NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE service for health professionals and consumers. It links extensive information from the National Institutes of Health and other reviewed sources of information on specific diseases and conditions.


Small antigenic determinants capable of eliciting an immune response only when coupled to a carrier. Haptens bind to antibodies but by themselves cannot elicit an antibody response.


A dilated cavity extended caudally from the hindgut. In adult birds, reptiles, amphibians, and many fishes but few mammals, cloaca is a common chamber into which the digestive, urinary and reproductive tracts discharge their contents. In most mammals, cloaca gives rise to LARGE INTESTINE; URINARY BLADDER; and GENITALIA.


Unclassified, bisegmented, double-stranded RNA virus isolated from the feces of humans and other animals. Some reports associate it with gastroenteritis in humans.


The principle that items experienced together enter into a connection, so that one tends to reinstate the other.


Professional society representing the field of dentistry.


Standards of conduct that distinguish right from wrong.


A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that occurs in water, sewage, soil, meat, hospital environments, and on the skin and in the intestinal tract of man and animals as a commensal.


A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the acceptable or desirable weight, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY).


Anxiety disorders manifested by the development of characteristic symptoms following a psychologically traumatic event that is outside the normal range of usual human experience. Symptoms include re-experiencing the traumatic event, increased arousal, and numbing of responsiveness to or reduced involvement with the external world. Traumatic stress disorders can be further classified by the time of onset and the duration of these symptoms.


Proteins conjugated with deoxyribonucleic acids (DNA) or specific DNA.


A layer of stratified EPITHELIUM forming the endolymphatic border of the cochlear duct at the lateral wall of the cochlea. Stria vascularis contains primarily three cell types (marginal, intermediate, and basal), and capillaries. The marginal cells directly facing the ENDOLYMPH are important in producing ion gradients and endochoclear potential.


The interruption or removal of any part of the vagus (10th cranial) nerve. Vagotomy may be performed for research or for therapeutic purposes.


Reduced (protonated) form of THIAZOLES. They can be oxidized to THIAZOLIDINEDIONES.


A nitroimidazole that sensitizes hypoxic tumor cells that are normally resistant to radiation therapy.


A hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or tissue caused by a PATHOLOGIC CONSTRICTION or obstruction of its BLOOD VESSELS, or an absence of BLOOD CIRCULATION.


MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY that occurs in VERTEBRATE animals.


Loeys-Dietz Syndrome, Type 1a
Loeys-Dietz Syndrome
Loeys-Dietz Aortic Aneurysm Syndrome

Loeys-Dietz Syndrome with aortic aneurysm or dissection.


A plant genus of the family POACEAE. The common name of fescue is also used with some other grasses.


A non-pathogenic, obligate aerobic, Gram-negative species of Bdellovibrio that occurs in water and soil, as well as the intestines of birds and mammals. It can infect and lyse pathogenic GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA and can function as a PROBIOTIC and ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENT.


The univalent radical OH. Hydroxyl radical is a potent oxidizing agent.


Supporting cells projecting inward from the basement membrane of SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES. They surround and nourish the developing male germ cells and secrete ANDROGEN-BINDING PROTEIN and hormones such as ANTI-MULLERIAN HORMONE. The tight junctions of Sertoli cells with the SPERMATOGONIA and SPERMATOCYTES provide a BLOOD-TESTIS BARRIER.


A species of imperfect fungi which grows on peanuts and other plants and produces the carcinogenic substance aflatoxin. It is also used in the production of the antibiotic flavicin.


Diminished or failed response of PLANTS to HERBICIDES.


Substances capable of increasing BODY TEMPERATURE and cause FEVER and may be used for FEVER THERAPY. They may be of microbial origin, often POLYSACCHARIDES, and may contaminate distilled water.


Hospital units providing continuous surveillance and care to acutely ill patients.


Presence of fluid in the PLEURAL CAVITY as a complication of malignant disease. Malignant pleural effusions often contain actual malignant cells.


Paroxysmal Hemicrania
Episodic Paroxysmal Hemicrania
Chronic Paroxysmal Hemicrania

A primary headache disorder that is similar to the CLUSTER HEADACHE with unilateral head pain, but differs by its multiple short severe attacks. It is usually seen in females, and may be responsive to non-steroidal-anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS).


A superfamily of nematodes of the order ENOPLIDA. Its organisms have a well developed intestine and rectum.


Methanococcoides Methanothrix Methanosarcinaceae Methanolobus

A family of anaerobic METHANOSARCINALES whose cells are mesophilic or thermophilic and appear as irregular spheroid bodies or sheathed rods. These methanogens are found in any anaerobic environment including aquatic sediments, anaerobic sewage digesters and gastrointestinal tracts. There are four genera: METHANOSARCINA, Methanolobus, Methanothrix, and Methanococcoides.


A yellowish thickened lesion on the conjunctiva near the CORNEA representing a benign degenerative change in the CONJUNCTIVA caused by the leakage and deposition of certain blood proteins through the permeable capillaries near the LIMBUS.


Moving oneself through space while confused or otherwise cognitively impaired. Patterns include akathisia, exhibiting neuroleptic-induced pacing and restlessness; exit seekers who are often newly admitted institution residents who try to open locked exit doors; self-stimulators who perform other activities such as turning doorknobs, in addition to continuous pacing; and modelers who shadow other pacers.


A liverwort plant genus of the family Marchantiaceae, order Marchantiales, subclass MARCHANTIAE. Members contain brassinosteroids and DITERPENES.


A group of phenotypically similar but genotypically distinct species (genomovars) in the genus BURKHOLDERIA. They are found in water, soil, and the rhizosphere of crop plants. They can act as opportunistic human pathogens and as plant growth promoting and biocontrol agents.


An order of fishes native to North America and Northern Eurasia, consisting of two families: ESOCIDAE (pikes) and UMBRIDAE (mudminnows).


Nimodipin-ISIS
Nymalize
Admon
Brainal
Kenesil
Calnit
Modus
Bay e 9736
Nimodipin Hexal
Nimodipino Bayvit
Remontal
Nimotop
Nimodipine

A calcium channel blockader with preferential cerebrovascular activity. It has marked cerebrovascular dilating effects and lowers blood pressure.


The sedge plant family of the order Cyperales, subclass Commelinidae, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons)


Inflammation of follicles, primarily hair follicles.


The period of confinement of a patient to a health facility.


The study of those aspects of energy and matter in terms of elementary principles and laws. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)


A genus of ameboid protozoa characterized by the presence of beaded chromatin on the inner surface of the nuclear membrane. Its organisms are parasitic in invertebrates and vertebrates, including humans.


A heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by inflammation and necrosis of the blood vessel walls.


Retrograde bile flow. Reflux of bile can be from the duodenum to the stomach (DUODENOGASTRIC REFLUX); to the esophagus (GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX); or to the PANCREAS.


A group of enzymes that catalyze the reduction of 1-pyrroline carboxylate to proline in the presence of NAD(P)H. Includes both the 2-oxidoreductase (EC 1.5.1.1) and the 5-oxidoreductase (EC 1.5.1.2). The former also reduces 1-piperidine-2-carboxylate to pipecolate and the latter also reduces 1-pyrroline-3-hydroxy-5-carboxylate to hydroxyproline.


Foods and beverages prepared for use to meet specific needs such as infant foods.


Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with WEST NILE VIRUS.


Pregnane derivatives containing two double bonds anywhere within the ring structures.


Post-Traumatic Headache
Cervicogenic Headache

Secondary headache attributed to TRAUMA of the HEAD and/or the NECK.


The property of emitting radiation while being irradiated. The radiation emitted is usually of longer wavelength than that incident or absorbed, e.g., a substance can be irradiated with invisible radiation and emit visible light. X-ray fluorescence is used in diagnosis.


The performance of surgical procedures with the aid of a microscope.


Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN.


INTERNEURONS of the vertebrate RETINA. They integrate, modulate, and interpose a temporal domain in the visual message presented to the RETINAL GANGLION CELLS, with which they synapse in the inner plexiform layer.


The pokeweed plant family of the order Caryophyllales, subclass Caryophyllidae, class Magnoliopsida. The leaves are alternate, simple and smooth-edged and the flowers are in spikes or panicles and are usually bisexual.


Porphyrins with four methyl and four propionic acid side chains attached to the pyrrole rings. Elevated levels of Coproporphyrin III in the urine and feces are major findings in patients with HEREDITARY COPROPORPHYRIA.


Erbium. An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Er, atomic number 68, and atomic weight 167.26.


A transient absence of spontaneous respiration.


Guideline Adherence
Institutional Adherence
Policy Compliance
Protocol Compliance

Conformity in fulfilling or following official, recognized, or institutional requirements, guidelines, recommendations, protocols, pathways, or other standards.


The fifth planet in order from the sun. It is one of the five outer planets of the solar system. Its sixteen natural satellites include Callisto, Europa, Ganymede, and Io.


An alkaloid that occurs in the extract of leaves of wild tomato plants. It has been found to inhibit the growth of various fungi and bacteria. It is used as a precipitating agent for steroids. (From The Merck Index, 11th ed)


Conversion from one language to another language.


Pharmacies
Pharmacy Distribution
Community Pharmacies

Facilities for the preparation and dispensing of drugs.


A species of Megasphaera that occurs primarily in the RUMEN and is able to metabolize LACTIC ACID.


Entities sponsored by local hospitals, physician groups, and other licensed providers which are affiliated through common ownership or control and share financial risk whose purpose is to deliver health care services.


A class of organic compounds which contain an anilino (phenylamino) group linked to a salt or ester of naphthalenesulfonic acid. They are frequently used as fluorescent dyes and sulfhydryl reagents.


The treatment of disease by exposing the body to SUNLIGHT, a therapeutic use of SUNBATHING.


Infestations by PARASITES which live on, or burrow into, the surface of their host's EPIDERMIS. Most ectoparasites are ARTHROPODS.


Uncrossed tracts of motor nerves from the brain to the anterior horns of the spinal cord, involved in reflexes, locomotion, complex movements, and postural control.


Area of the human body underneath the SHOULDER JOINT, also known as the armpit or underarm.


A fracture in which union fails to occur, the ends of the bone becoming rounded and eburnated, and a false joint occurs. (Stedman, 25th ed)


The metal-free red phycobilin pigment in a conjugated chromoprotein of red algae. It functions as a light-absorbing substance together with chlorophylls.


A rare teratoid tumor of the ovary composed almost entirely of thyroid tissue, with large follicles containing abundant colloid. Occasionally there are symptoms of hyperthyroidism. 5-10% of struma ovarii become malignant, the only absolute criterion for which is the presence of metastasis. (Dorland, 27th ed; Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)


The process of losing secretory granules (SECRETORY VESICLES). This occurs, for example, in mast cells, basophils, neutrophils, eosinophils, and platelets when secretory products are released from the granules by EXOCYTOSIS.


Probucol Superlipid Lurselle Lorelco DH-581 Panavir Biphenabid

A drug used to lower LDL and HDL cholesterol yet has little effect on serum-triglyceride or VLDL cholesterol. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p993).


Debris resulting from a process that is of no further use to the system producing it. The concept includes materials discharged from or stored in a system in inert form as a by-product of vital activities. (From Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary, 1981)


Turnip crinkle virus
Carmovirus
Carnation mottle virus

A genus in the family TOMBUSVIRIDAE mostly found in temperate regions. Some species infecting legumes (FABACEAE) are reported from tropical areas. Most viruses are soil-borne, but some are transmitted by the fungus Olpidium radicale and others by beetles. Carnation mottle virus is the type species.


Hydrocarbons that contain more than one triple bond; or an oxidized form of POLYENES.


A piperidinyl isoindole originally introduced as a non-barbiturate hypnotic, but withdrawn from the market due to teratogenic effects. It has been reintroduced and used for a number of immunological and inflammatory disorders. Thalidomide displays immunosuppressive and anti-angiogenic activity. It inhibits release of TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA from monocytes, and modulates other cytokine action.


A species of gram-negative, aerobic BACTERIA, found in the human NASOPHARYNX and in the normal flora of the respiratory tissues in DOLPHINS. It is occasionally pathogenic for humans and pathogenic for MICE. (Bergey's Manual of Systemic Bacteriology, 1st edition, p295)


Diprenorphine Hydrochloride
Diprenorphine
Revivon

A narcotic antagonist similar in action to NALOXONE. It is used to remobilize animals after ETORPHINE neuroleptanalgesia and is considered a specific antagonist to etorphine.


Surgical formation of an external opening (stoma) into the esophagus.


A complication of INTERNAL MAMMARY-CORONARY ARTERY ANASTOMOSIS whereby an occlusion or stenosis of the proximal SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY causes a reversal of the blood flow away from the CORONARY CIRCULATION, through the grafted INTERNAL MAMMARY ARTERY (internal thoracic artery), and back to the distal subclavian distribution.


The white liquid secreted by the mammary glands. It contains proteins, sugar, lipids, vitamins, and minerals.


Ocotea bullata (Burch.) E. Mey. is the source of a number of chemicals of medicinal interest.


Vomiting of blood that is either fresh bright red, or older "coffee-ground" in character. It generally indicates bleeding of the UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.


The process of washing clothes, linens or other fabric.


Inappropriate Prescriptions
Inappropriate Prescribing
Over Prescribing

Medications administered in a manner that poses more risk than benefit, particularly where safer alternatives exist.


Conception
Fertilization, Polyspermic
Fertilization, Delayed
Fertilization

The fusion of a spermatozoon (SPERMATOZOA) with an OVUM thus resulting in the formation of a ZYGOTE.


Organic compounds containing two acyl groups bound to NITROGEN.


An order of strictly anaerobic, thermophilic archaea, in the kingdom EURYARCHAEOTA. Members exhibit heterotropic growth by sulfur respiration. There is a single family THERMOCOCCACEAE.


Retraction of a clot resulting from contraction of PLATELET pseudopods attached to FIBRIN strands. The retraction is dependent on the contractile protein thrombosthenin. Clot retraction is used as a measure of platelet function.


A collective term for diseases of the skin and its appendages and of connective tissue.


Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.


A plant genus of the family Paeoniaceae, order Dilleniales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida. These perennial herbs are up to 2 m (6') tall. Leaves are alternate and are divided into three lobes, each lobe being further divided into three smaller lobes. The large flowers are symmetrical, bisexual, have 5 sepals, 5 petals (sometimes 10), and many stamens.


The distal and narrowest portion of the SMALL INTESTINE, between the JEJUNUM and the ILEOCECAL VALVE of the LARGE INTESTINE.


A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat SCHIZOPHRENIA and other PSYCHOSES. It is also used in schizoaffective disorder, DELUSIONAL DISORDERS, ballism, and TOURETTE SYNDROME (a drug of choice) and occasionally as adjunctive therapy in INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY and the chorea of HUNTINGTON DISEASE. It is a potent antiemetic and is used in the treatment of intractable HICCUPS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p279)


A genus of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that ferments sugar without gas production. Its organisms are intestinal pathogens of man and other primates and cause bacillary dysentery (DYSENTERY, BACILLARY).


Toxicoses caused by toxic substances secreted by the salivary glands of ticks; include tick paralysis (neurotropic toxin), sweating sickness (dermotropic toxin), and Rhipicephalus appendiculatus toxicosis (leukotropic toxin).


The units based on political theory and chosen by countries under which their governmental power is organized and administered to their citizens.


Those procedures designed to widen the zone of attached gingiva and deepen the vestibular depth which will facilitate the clearance of the area for natural food passage, and provide access for toothbrushing and interdental stimulation.


A sulfamoylbenzamide piperidine. It is considered a thiazide-like diuretic.


Agglutination of ERYTHROCYTES by a virus.


A health professional's obligation to breach patient CONFIDENTIALITY to warn third parties of the danger of their being assaulted or of contracting a serious infection.


A MANNOSE/GLUCOSE binding lectin isolated from the jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis). It is a potent mitogen used to stimulate cell proliferation in lymphocytes, primarily T-lymphocyte, cultures.


Models connecting initiating events at the cellular and molecular level to population-wide impacts. Computational models may be at levels relating toxicology to adverse effects.


Works about authors' withdrawal or disavowal of their participation in performing research or writing the results of their study.


A subfamily of PARAMYXOVIRIDAE containing two genera: PNEUMOVIRUS; and METAPNEUMOVIRUS.


Ethnic Boundary Maintenance
Cultural Characteristics

Reinforcing an ethnic group identity and distinctness by emphasizing the traits that set its members apart from others, rather than what they share in common.


Patient Identification Systems
Patient Tracking

Procedures and use of devices to maintain knowledge of PATIENTS locations inside and outside the healthcare facility.


A species of gram-negative, aerobic bacteria that consist of slender vibroid cells.


2-Amino-4-(ethylthio)butyric acid. An antimetabolite and methionine antagonist that interferes with amino acid incorporation into proteins and with cellular ATP utilization. It also produces liver neoplasms.


Institutions which provide health-related care and services to individuals who do not require the degree of care which hospitals or skilled nursing facilities provide, but because of their physical or mental condition require care and services above the level of room and board.


A species of gram-negative, anaerobic, spiral-shaped bacteria originally isolated from a saltwater pond in France. It contains a well-characterized metabolic pathway that enables it to survive transient contacts with OXYGEN.


Laboratory tests used to evaluate how well the kidneys are working through examination of blood and urine.


Sodium Acetate, Anhydrous
Sodium Acetate
Sodium Acetate Trihydrate

The trihydrate sodium salt of acetic acid, which is used as a source of sodium ions in solutions for dialysis and as a systemic and urinary alkalizer, diuretic, and expectorant.


A suborder of nematodes characterized by larvae possessing cephalic hooks and multinucleated esophageal glands.


Excusing or pardoning for an offense or release of anger or resentment.


Branch of medicine concerned with the development of vaccines to control disease by identifying genetic and other mechanisms and pathways that determine immune responses, and thereby provide new candidate vaccine approaches.


A plant genus of the family ACANTHACEAE. Members contain andrographolide and other DITERPENES and androechin, a CHALCONE.


Nostoc
Nostoc ellipsosporum
Nostoc punctiforme

A form-genus of CYANOBACTERIA in the order Nostocales. Trichomes composed of spherical or ovoid vegetative cells along with heterocysts and akinetes. The species form symbiotic associations with a wide range of eukaryotes.


A commonly occurring abnormal hemoglobin in which lysine replaces a glutamic acid residue at the sixth position of the beta chains. It results in reduced plasticity of erythrocytes.


A plant family of conifers in the order Pinales. They are very tall trees with a worldwide distribution.


Inland bodies of still or slowly moving FRESH WATER or salt water, larger than a pond, and supplied by RIVERS and streams.


A vesicular and bullous eruption having a tendency to recur in summer during childhood and commonly appearing on sun-exposed skin. The lesions are surrounded by an erythematous zone and resemble a vaccination. (From Dorland, 27th ed)


Branch of EMERGENCY MEDICINE dealing with the emergency care of children.


Membrane-like channels of cytoplasm connecting adjacent plant cells. Plasmodesmata connect through pores in the CELL WALL and associate with the CYTOSKELETON machinery. They are essential for intercellular transport and communication.


Activities designed to attract the attention or favors of another.


Membrane-limited structures derived from the plasma membrane or various intracellular membranes which function in storage, transport or metabolism.


Works about methods of detecting genetic etiology in human traits. The basic premise of twin studies is that monozygotic twins carry identical genes, while zygotic twins are genetically no more similar than two siblings born after separate pregnancies. (Last, J.M., A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)


Any of the various plants of the genus Lactuca, especially L. sativa, cultivated for its edible leaves. (From American Heritage Dictionary, 2d ed)


Granular leukocytes characterized by a relatively pale-staining, lobate nucleus and cytoplasm containing coarse dark-staining granules of variable size and stainable by basic dyes.


Erythrocytes with protoplasmic projections giving the cell a thorny appearance.


Implantable fracture fixation devices attached to bone fragments with screws to bridge the fracture gap and shield the fracture site from stress as bone heals. (UMDNS, 1999)


These enzymes catalyze the elimination of ammonia from amidines with the formation of a double bond. EC 4.3.2.


Four PYRROLES joined by one-carbon units linking position 2 of one to position 5 of the next. The conjugated bond system results in PIGMENTATION.


Subtype of CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM that produces botulinum toxin type B which is neurotoxic to humans and animals.


Unsaturated androstane derivatives which are substituted with two hydroxy groups in any position in the ring system.


Chromogenic Compounds
Chromogenic Substrates

Colorless, endogenous or exogenous pigment precursors that may be transformed by biological mechanisms into colored compounds; used in biochemical assays and in diagnosis as indicators, especially in the form of enzyme substrates. Synonym: chromogens (not to be confused with pigment-synthesizing bacteria also called chromogens).


A product formed from skin, white connective tissue, or bone COLLAGEN. It is used as a protein food adjuvant, plasma substitute, hemostatic, suspending agent in pharmaceutical preparations, and in the manufacturing of capsules and suppositories.


Application of heat to correct hypothermia, accidental or induced.


A pyridine, pyrazine, and piperazine derivative that is used as a HYPNOTIC AND SEDATIVE in the treatment of INSOMNIA.


The medical science that deals with the origin, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of mental disorders in individuals 13-18 years.


Intradermal injection of a heated (pasteurized) saline suspension of sarcoid tissue obtained from a sarcoid spleen or lymph node. In patients with active sarcoidosis a dusky red nodule develops slowly over the next few weeks at the injection site. Histologic examination, an essential part of the complete test, reveals sarcoid tissue.


Compounds with two triple bonds. Some of them are CYTOTOXINS.


The pit in the center of the ABDOMINAL WALL marking the point where the UMBILICAL CORD entered in the FETUS.


Compounds which contain two or more rings in their structure.


A genus of filamentous algae in the order ZYGNEMATALES, family Zygnemataceae, that possess CHLOROPLASTS that can orient to the direction of light.


A condition of substandard growth or diminished capacity to maintain normal function.


A class of enzymes that catalyze oxidation-reduction reactions of amino acids.


A drug that has analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. Following reports of adverse reactions including reports of carcinogenicity in animal studies it was withdrawn from the market worldwide. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p21)


A major orthodox system of Hindu philosophy based on Sankhya (metaphysical dualism) but differing from it in being theistic and characterized by the teaching of raja-yoga as a practical method of liberating the self. It includes a system of exercises for attaining bodily or mental control and well-being with liberation of the self and union with the universal spirit. (From Webster, 3d ed)


Full gratification of a need or desire followed by a state of relative insensitivity to that particular need or desire.


A man-made radioactive element of the actinide family with atomic symbol Md, and atomic number 101.


An involuntary movement accompanying a volitional movement. It often refers to facial movements that accompany FACIAL PARALYSIS.