Carbonic Anhydrase Isoenzyme C
Carbonic Anhydrase II
Carbonic Anhydrase C

A cytosolic carbonic anhydrase isoenzyme found widely distributed in cells of almost all tissues. Deficiencies of carbonic anhydrase II produce a syndrome characterized by OSTEOPETROSIS, renal tubular acidosis (ACIDOSIS, RENAL TUBULAR) and cerebral calcification. EC 4.2.1.-


Antibiotic Collateral Sensitivity
Drug Collateral Sensitivity
Collateral Sensitivity

Increase in sensitivity of an organism, disease, or tissue to one drug that develops following the loss of sensitivity (i.e. resistance) to another drug.


Stem Cell Microenvironment
Stem Cell Niche

A particular zone of tissue composed of a specialized microenvironment where stem cells are retained in a undifferentiated, self-renewable state.


Patella Tendon
Patellar Ligament
Patellar Tendon
Ligamentum Patellae

A band of fibrous tissue that attaches the apex of the PATELLA to the lower part of the tubercle of the TIBIA. The ligament is actually the caudal continuation of the common tendon of the QUADRICEPS FEMORIS. The patella is embedded in that tendon. As such, the patellar ligament can be thought of as connecting the quadriceps femoris tendon to the tibia, and therefore it is sometimes called the patellar tendon.


Invertebrate Chordate
Chordata, Nonvertebrate

A portion of the animal phylum Chordata comprised of the subphyla CEPHALOCHORDATA; UROCHORDATA, and HYPEROTRETI, but not including the Vertebrata (VERTEBRATES). It includes nonvertebrate animals having a NOTOCHORD during some developmental stage.


P-Type Voltage-Dependent Calcium Channels

CALCIUM CHANNELS located within the PURKINJE CELLS of the cerebellum. They are involved in stimulation-secretion coupling of neurons.


Natural Killer Cell Activating Receptors

Natural Killer Cell Inhibitory Receptors

Receptors that are specifically found on the surface of NATURAL KILLER CELLS. They play an important role in regulating the cellular component of INNATE IMMUNITY.


Immunoglobulin heavy chain gene exons coding for the hinge region of the heavy chains between the first constant region (on the FAB FRAGMENTS) and the second constant region (on the FC FRAGMENTS).


Oral Contraceptives, Sequential
Oral Contraceptive Agents, Sequential
Contraceptives, Oral, Sequential
Contraceptive Agents, Oral, Sequential
Sequential Oral Contraceptive Agents
Contraceptive Agents, Female Sequential

Drugs administered orally and sequentially for contraceptive purposes.


Bioprobes
Biosensors
Biosensing Techniques
Biosensing Technics
Electrodes, Enzyme

Any of a variety of procedures which use biomolecular probes to measure the presence or concentration of biological molecules, biological structures, microorganisms, etc., by translating a biochemical interaction at the probe surface into a quantifiable physical signal.


tRNA Amino Acylation
tRNA Aminoacylation
tRNA Acylation
Transfer RNA Charging
Transfer RNA Amino Acylation
Aminoacylation, Transfer RNA
tRNA Charging
Transfer RNA Aminoacylation
Transfer RNA Acylation
Amino Acid Activation, Translational

The conversion of uncharged TRANSFER RNA to AMINO ACYL TRNA.


Right Ventricular Dysplasia, Arrhythmogenic

Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy-Dysplasia

Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia-Cardiomyopathy

Ventricular Dysplasia, Right, Arrhythmogenic

A congenital cardiomyopathy that is characterized by infiltration of adipose and fibrous tissue into the RIGHT VENTRICLE wall and loss of myocardial cells. Primary injuries usually are at the free wall of right ventricular and right atria resulting in ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias.


Shc Family Adapter Proteins
Shc Signaling Adaptor Proteins
Shc Adaptor Proteins

A family of signaling adaptor proteins that contain SRC HOMOLOGY DOMAINS. Many members of this family are involved in transmitting signals from CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS to MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASES.


A genus of the order Sirenia comprising what are commonly called manatees. The distinguishing characteristics include a tail that is not notched, a short nasal cavity, the absence of nasal bones, and enamel-covered teeth. Members of this genus are found in marine bays and/or sluggish rivers, usually in turbid water. (From Scott, Concise Encyclopedia Biology, 1996)


Tripartite Motif-Containing Protein 28
TRIM28 Protein

A tripartite motif protein consisting of an N-terminal RING finger, two B-box type ZINC FINGERS, and C-terminal PHD domain.  It functions as a transcriptional repressor by associating with Kruppel-association box domain (KRAB domain) transcription factors and has E3-SUMO-ligase activity towards itself and also sumoylates INTERFERON REGULATORY FACTOR-7 to reduce its activity as a transcriptional activator. It can also function as a ubiquitin protein ligase towards TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEIN P53.


Monitoring, Physiologic
Physiologic Monitoring
Patient Monitoring
Monitoring, Physiological

The continuous measurement of physiological processes, blood pressure, heart rate, renal output, reflexes, respiration, etc., in a patient or experimental animal; includes pharmacologic monitoring, the measurement of administered drugs or their metabolites in the blood, tissues, or urine.


Guanosine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety.


A plant species of the family Moringaceae, order Capparales, subclass Dilleniidae. It is a source of niaziminin and hypotensive thiocarbamate glycosides.


A plant family of the order MALPIGHIALES, superorder ROSANAE, class MAGNOLIOPSIDA. The leaves are alternate and simple, and staminate (male) flowers consist of one to several stamens; pistillate (female) flowers consist of a single-chambered ovary with several ovules that produce silky seeds.


Butylhydroxides
Alcohols, Butyl
Hydroxybutanes
Butanols

Isomeric forms and derivatives of butanol (C4H9OH).


A transmembrane domain containing ephrin. Although originally found to be specific for the EPHB3 RECEPTOR it has since been shown to bind a variety of EPH FAMILY RECEPTORS. During embryogenesis ephrin-B3 is expressed at high levels in the ventral neural tube. In adult tissues, it is found primarily in the BRAIN and HEART.


The branch of philosophy dealing with the nature of the beautiful. It includes beauty, esthetic experience, esthetic judgment, esthetic aspects of medicine, etc.


Aortic Valve Incompetence
Aortic Incompetence
Aortic Valve Insufficiency
Regurgitation, Aortic Valve
Aortic Regurgitation

Pathological condition characterized by the backflow of blood from the ASCENDING AORTA back into the LEFT VENTRICLE, leading to regurgitation. It is caused by diseases of the AORTIC VALVE or its surrounding tissue (aortic root).


Salts and esters of the 14-carbon saturated monocarboxylic acid--myristic acid.


Social Ecology
Environment, Social
Social Environment

The aggregate of social and cultural institutions, forms, patterns, and processes that influence the life of an individual or community.


4-(8-Chloro-5,6-dihydro-11H-benzo(5,6)cyclohepta(1,2-b)pyridin-11-ylidene)-1-piperidinecarboxylic Acid Ethyl Ester

A second-generation histamine H1 receptor antagonist used in the treatment of allergic rhinitis and urticaria. Unlike most classical antihistamines (HISTAMINE H1 ANTAGONISTS) it lacks central nervous system depressing effects such as drowsiness.


A shiny gray element with atomic symbol As, atomic number 33, and atomic weight 75. It occurs throughout the universe, mostly in the form of metallic arsenides. Most forms are toxic. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), arsenic and certain arsenic compounds have been listed as known carcinogens. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)


Patellofemoral Articulation
Patellofemoral Joint
Femoropatellar Articulation

The articulation between the articular surface of the PATELLA and the patellar surface of the FEMUR.


Aspartate-Semialdehyde Dehydrogenase
Semiaspartate Aldehyde Dehydrogenase

An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde, orthophosphate, and NADP+ to yield L-4-aspartyl phosphate and NADPH. EC 1.2.1.11.


PNS (Peripheral Nervous System) Diseases

Diseases of the peripheral nerves external to the brain and spinal cord, which includes diseases of the nerve roots, ganglia, plexi, autonomic nerves, sensory nerves, and motor nerves.


A cytochrome P-450 enzyme that has specificity for CHOLECALCIFEROL (Vitamin D3). It hydroxylates the molecule at carbon position 24.


Spectroscopy, Infrared, Fourier Transform

Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared

A spectroscopic technique in which a range of wavelengths is presented simultaneously with an interferometer and the spectrum is mathematically derived from the pattern thus obtained.


A specific type of health insurance which provides surgeons' fees for specified amounts according to the type of surgery listed in the policy.


Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis-Lassa Complex Viruses

One of two groups of viruses in the ARENAVIRUS genus and considered part of the Old World complex. It includes LASSA VIRUS and LYMPHOCYTIC CHORIOMENINGITIS VIRUS, although the latter has worldwide distribution now.


Poly-2-vinylpyridine N-Oxide
Kexiping
Polyvinylpyridine N-Oxide
Bay 3504
Polyvinoxide

Inhibits the cytotoxic action of quartz and is reported to have delayed the development of experimental silicosis in rats.


Polyomavirus Enhancer Binding Protein 2, beta Subunit

A non-DNA binding transcription factor that is a subunit of core binding factor. It forms heterodimeric complexes with CORE BINDING FACTOR ALPHA SUBUNITS, and regulates GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION of a variety of GENES involved primarily in CELL DIFFERENTIATION and CELL CYCLE progression.


Splanchnic Circulation
Circulation, Mesenteric
Circulation, Splanchnic
Mesenteric Circulation

The circulation of blood through the BLOOD VESSELS supplying the abdominal VISCERA.


A family of intracellular tyrosine kinases that participate in the signaling cascade of cytokines by associating with specific CYTOKINE RECEPTORS. They act upon STAT TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS in signaling pathway referred to as the JAK/STAT pathway. The name Janus kinase refers to the fact the proteins have two phosphate-transferring domains.


Competitive Health Plan
Competitive Medical Plan
Medical Plans, Competitive
Competitive Medical Plans
Medical Plan, Competitive

Alternative health care delivery mechanisms, such as PREFERRED PROVIDER ORGANIZATIONS or other health insurance services or prepaid plans (other than HEALTH MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATIONS), that meet Medicare qualifications for a risk-sharing contract. (From Facts on File Dictionary of Health Care Management, 1988)


Ara-CTP
Arabinosylcytosine Triphosphate
Cytarabine Triphosphate
Arabinofuranosylcytosine Triphosphate
Cytosine Arabinoside Triphosphate

A triphosphate nucleotide analog which is the biologically active form of CYTARABINE. It inhibits nuclear DNA synthesis.


Genetic Linkage
Genetic Linkage Analysis
Linkage, Genetic

The determination of the physical association and distance between of two or more non-allelic GENES by measuring their co-inheritance or mapping their physical location on the same CHROMOSOME.


An enzyme that catalyzes the reversible hydration of fumaric acid to yield L-malic acid. It is one of the citric acid cycle enzymes. EC 4.2.1.2.


Differentiated tissue of the central nervous system composed of NERVE CELLS, fibers, DENDRITES, and specialized supporting cells.


Homeobox A10
Homeo Box A10 Proteins
HOXA 10 Proteins
HOXA10 Proteins
Homeobox A10 Proteins

Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis of tissues. They bind to the DNA sequence 5'-AA[AT]TTTTATTAC-3'.


Analysis, Computer-Assisted Numerical
Computer-Assisted Numerical Analysis
Numerical Analysis, Computer-Assisted

Computer-assisted study of methods for obtaining useful quantitative solutions to problems that have been expressed mathematically.


Physical Medicine
Medicine, Physical
Physiatrics
Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Physiatry

A medical specialty concerned with the use of physical agents, mechanical apparatus, and manipulation in rehabilitating physically diseased or injured patients.


Hog Cholera
Classical Swine Fever
Swine Fever, Classical
Swine Fever

An acute, highly contagious disease affecting swine of all ages and caused by the CLASSICAL SWINE FEVER VIRUS. It has a sudden onset with high morbidity and mortality.


An organophosphorus ester compound that produces potent and irreversible inhibition of cholinesterase. It is toxic to the nervous system and is a chemical warfare agent.


Adie's Syndrome
Adie Syndrome
Poorly Reacting Pupils
Holmes-Adie Syndrome

A syndrome characterized by a TONIC PUPIL that occurs in combination with decreased lower extremity reflexes. The affected pupil will respond more briskly to accommodation than to light (light-near dissociation) and is supersensitive to dilute pilocarpine eye drops, which induce pupillary constriction. Pathologic features include degeneration of the ciliary ganglion and postganglionic parasympathetic fibers that innervate the pupillary constrictor muscle. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p279)


Eukaryotic Peptide Initiation Factor-5
Peptide Initiation Factor EIF-5
EIF-5
Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-5

A eukaryotic initiation factor that interacts with the 40S initiation complex and promotes the hydrolysis of the bound GTP. The hydrolysis of GTP causes the release of EUKARYOTIC INITIATION FACTOR-2 and EUKARYOTIC INITIATION FACTOR-3 from the 40S subunit and the subsequent joining of the 60S ribosomal subunit to the 40S complex to form the functional 80S initiation complex


Liver Diseases, Alcoholic
Alcoholic Liver Diseases

Liver diseases associated with ALCOHOLISM. It usually refers to the coexistence of two or more subentities, i.e., ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER; ALCOHOLIC HEPATITIS; and ALCOHOLIC CIRRHOSIS.


A metallocarboxypeptidase that is predominantly expressed as a membrane-bound enzyme. It catalyzes the hydrolysis of an unsubstituted, C-terminal glutamyl residue, typically from PTEROYLPOLYGLUTAMIC ACIDS. It was formerly classified as EC 3.4.19.8.


Adaptations, Physiological
Adaptations, Physiologic
Adaptive Plasticity
Physiological Adaptation
Adaptation, Physiologic
Adaptation, Physiological
Phenotypic Plasticity

The non-genetic biological changes of an organism in response to challenges in its ENVIRONMENT.


Study of past events and development in the field of Medicine.


Biomedical Ontologies
Biologic Ontologies
Biological Ontologies

Structured vocabularies describing concepts from the fields of biology and relationships between concepts.


Libraries, Biomedical
Libraries, Health Science
Medical Library
Medical Libraries
Libraries, Medical
Library, Medical

Collection of information resources relevant to MEDICINE.


Oncogene Proteins erbB
v-erbB Proteins
erbB Oncogene Proteins
Oncogene Products v-erbB
Oncogene Proteins v-erbB

Transforming proteins encoded by erbB oncogenes from the avian erythroblastosis virus. The protein is a truncated form of the EGF receptor (RECEPTOR, EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR) whose kinase domain is constitutively activated by deletion of the ligand-binding domain.


G-Strophanthin
Acocantherin
Acolongifloroside K
Ouabain

A cardioactive glycoside consisting of rhamnose and ouabagenin, obtained from the seeds of Strophanthus gratus and other plants of the Apocynaceae; used like DIGITALIS. It is commonly used in cell biological studies as an inhibitor of the NA(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE.


Differentiation, Sex
Sexual Differentiation
Sex Differentiation

The process in developing sex- or gender-specific tissue, organ, or function after SEX DETERMINATION PROCESSES have set the sex of the GONADS. Major areas of sex differentiation occur in the reproductive tract (GENITALIA) and the brain.


Dietary Oils
Dietary Fats, Unsaturated
Unsaturated Dietary Fats

Unsaturated fats or oils used in foods or as a food.


Pyrogallol
1,2,3-Trihydroxybenzene
Pyrogallic acid

A trihydroxybenzene or dihydroxy phenol that can be prepared by heating GALLIC ACID.


Gene Products, vif
vif Gene Products
sor Gene Products
Gene Product, vif
Gene Products, sor
vif Protein
Gene Product, sor

Retrovirally encoded accessary proteins that play an essential role VIRUS REPLICATION. They are found in the cytoplasm of host cells and associate with a variety of host cell proteins. Vif stands for "virion infectivity factor".


Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
Inhibitors, Reverse Transcriptase

Inhibitors of reverse transcriptase (RNA-DIRECTED DNA POLYMERASE), an enzyme that synthesizes DNA on an RNA template.


Cochlear Implantation
Cochlear Prosthesis Implantation

Surgical insertion of an electronic hearing device (COCHLEAR IMPLANTS) with electrodes to the COCHLEAR NERVE in the inner ear to create sound sensation in patients with residual nerve fibers.


Hepatitis A Virus, Human
Human hepatitis A virus

A strain of HEPATITIS A VIRUS which causes hepatitis in humans. The virus replicates in hepatocytes and is presumed to reach the intestine via the bile duct. Transmission occurs by the fecal-oral route.


Part of the upper extremity in humans and primates extending from the ELBOW to the WRIST.


GABA Neurons
GABAergic Neurons
GABA Cells

Neurons whose primary neurotransmitter is GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID.


Foods that are preserved by lowering their storage temperature below the freezing point.


Histone Acetyltransferase
Histone Acetylase
Histone Acetyltransferases

Enzymes that catalyze acyl group transfer from ACETYL-CoA to HISTONES forming CoA and acetyl-histones.


Lubricating Agents
Lubrication Agents
Lubricants

Compounds that provide LUBRICATION between surfaces in order to reduce FRICTION.


Myocardial Fractional Flow Reserve
Fractional Flow Reserve, Myocardial

The ratio of maximum blood flow to the MYOCARDIUM with CORONARY STENOSIS present, to the maximum equivalent blood flow without stenosis. The measurement is commonly used to verify borderline stenosis of CORONARY ARTERIES.


Casting Investment, Dental
Investment, Dental Casting
Dental Casting Investment
Investments, Dental Casting
Casting Investments, Dental
Dental Casting Investments

Material from which the casting mold is made in the fabrication of gold or cobalt-chromium castings. (Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p168)


Bloch-Sulzberger Syndrome
Bloch-Siemens-Sulzberger Syndrome
Bloch-Siemens Syndrome
Incontinentia Pigmenti

A genodermatosis occurring mostly in females and characterized by skin changes in three phases - vesiculobullous, verrucous papillomatous, and macular melanodermic. Hyperpigmentation is bizarre and irregular. Sixty percent of patients have abnormalities of eyes, teeth, central nervous system, and skin appendages.


Pelvic Organ Prolapse
Vaginal Vault Prolapse
Urogenital Prolapse

Prolapse of vaginal apex post hysterectomy.


Hydrogen Deuterium Exchange-Mass Spectrometry

A mass spectrometry method utilizing hydrogen-deuterium exchange kinetics to study conformational and dynamic changes especially of proteins, such as interactions during ligand binding and allosteric effects during catalysis.


Aspirin-Induced Asthma Syndrome
Aspirin Induced Asthma
Aspirin-Induced Asthma
Asthma, NSAID-induced
Asthma, Aspirin-Induced

Asthmatic adverse reaction (e.g., BRONCHOCONSTRICTION) to conventional NSAIDS including aspirin use.


A toxic compound, isolated from the Spanish fly or blistering beetle (Lytta (Cantharis) vesicatoria) and other insects. It is a potent and specific inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A). This compound can produce severe skin inflammation, and is extremely toxic if ingested orally.


The volume of the HEART, usually relating to the volume of BLOOD contained within it at various periods of the cardiac cycle. The amount of blood ejected from a ventricle at each beat is STROKE VOLUME.


Intraventricular Injections
Injections, Intraventricular

Injections into the cerebral ventricles.


Polychondritis, Relapsing
Polychondritis, Chronic Atrophic

An acquired disease of unknown etiology, chronic course, and tendency to recur. It is characterized by inflammation and degeneration of cartilage and can result in deformities such as floppy ear and saddle nose. Loss of cartilage in the respiratory tract can lead to respiratory obstruction.


Human Platelet Antigens
Platelet Alloantigens
Antigens, Human Platelet
Platelet-Specific Antigens
Antigens, Platelet-Specific

Human alloantigens expressed only on platelets, specifically on platelet membrane glycoproteins. These platelet-specific antigens are immunogenic and can result in pathological reactions to transfusion therapy.


Polynucleotide Synthetases
Polynucleotide Ligases

Catalyze the joining of preformed ribonucleotides or deoxyribonucleotides in phosphodiester linkage during genetic processes. EC 6.5.1.


Alstrom's Syndrome
Alstrom-Hallgren Syndrome
Alstrom Syndrome
Alström Syndrome

Rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by multiple organ dysfunction. The key clinical features include retinal degeneration (NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; and eventual blindness), childhood obesity, sensorineural hearing loss, and normal mental development. Endocrinologic complications include TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS; HYPERINSULINEMIA; ACANTHOSIS NIGRICANS; HYPOTHYROIDISM; and progressive renal and hepatic failures. The disease is caused by mutations in the ALMS1 gene.


Accessory Supraoptic Group
Supraoptic Nucleus
Supraoptic Nucleus of Hypothalamus
Nucleus Supraopticus

Hypothalamic nucleus overlying the beginning of the OPTIC TRACT.


Healthcare Evaluation Mechanisms
Health Care Evaluation Mechanisms

Methods and techniques used in evaluating the quality of health care, its planning, and delivery.


Mentally Retarded
Mentally Disabled
Mentally Handicapped
Mentally Disabled Persons

Persons diagnosed as having significantly lower than average intelligence and considerable problems in adapting to everyday life or lacking independence in regard to activities of daily living.


Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases
Carboxylesterases

Enzymes which catalyze the hydrolysis of carboxylic acid esters with the formation of an alcohol and a carboxylic acid anion.


Phosphate Carriers
Phosphate Transporters
Phosphate Transport Proteins
Phosphate Transporter
Inorganic Phosphate Transporters
Inorganic Phosphate Transporter

Membrane proteins that are involved in the active transport of phosphate.


The utilization of drugs as reported in individual hospital studies, FDA studies, marketing, or consumption, etc. This includes drug stockpiling, and patient drug profiles.


Family of INSECT VIRUSES which contain polyhedron-shaped or ovocylindrical occlusion bodies. The genera include ALPHABACULOVIRUS; GAMMABACULOVIRUS; and DELTABACULOVIRUS (commonly known as NUCLEOPOLYHEDROVIRUSES) and BETABACULOVIRUS (commonly known as GRANULOVIRUSES). Baculovirus vectors are used for expression of foreign genes in insects and as BIOPESTICIDES for controlling insect populations.


A benign neoplasm that usually arises from the sympathetic trunk in the mediastinum. Histologic features include spindle cell proliferation (resembling a neurofibroma) and the presence of large ganglion cells. The tumor may present clinically with HORNER SYNDROME or diarrhea due to ectopic production of vasoactive intestinal peptide. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p966)


Infections, Actinomyces
Actinomycosis
Actinomyces Infections

Infections with bacteria of the genus ACTINOMYCES.


A plant genus of the family BRASSICACEAE that is an ingredient of the preparation PC-SPES that is used to treat PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA.


Vaginitides, Bacterial
Bacterial Vaginitis
Vaginosis, Bacterial
Bacterial Vaginitides
Vaginitis, Nonspecific
Vaginoses, Bacterial
Vaginitis, Bacterial
Bacterial Vaginoses
Bacterial Vaginosis

Polymicrobial, nonspecific vaginitis associated with positive cultures of Gardnerella vaginalis and other anaerobic organisms and a decrease in lactobacilli. It remains unclear whether the initial pathogenic event is caused by the growth of anaerobes or a primary decrease in lactobacilli.


Infectious Disease Medicine
Infectious Disease Specialty
Infectious Diseases Specialty

A branch of internal medicine concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of INFECTIOUS DISEASES.


Deficiency Disease, Pyruvate Carboxylase

An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by absent or decreased PYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE activity, the enzyme that regulates gluconeogenesis, lipogenesis, and neurotransmitter synthesis. Clinical manifestations include lactic acidosis, seizures, respiratory distress, marked psychomotor delay, periodic HYPOGLYCEMIA, and hypotonia. The clinical course may be similar to LEIGH DISEASE. (From Am J Hum Genet 1998 Jun;62(6):1312-9)


Adenosine Triphosphatase, Sodium, Potassium

Sodium, Potassium Adenosine Triphosphatase

An enzyme that catalyzes the active transport system of sodium and potassium ions across the cell wall. Sodium and potassium ions are closely coupled with membrane ATPase which undergoes phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, thereby providing energy for transport of these ions against concentration gradients.


Trans RNA Splicing
Trans Splicing
RNA Trans-Splicing
Trans-Splicing

The joining of RNA from two different genes. One type of trans-splicing is the "spliced leader" type (primarily found in protozoans such as trypanosomes and in lower invertebrates such as nematodes) which results in the addition of a capped, noncoding, spliced leader sequence to the 5' end of mRNAs. Another type of trans-splicing is the "discontinuous group II introns" type (found in plant/algal chloroplasts and plant mitochondria) which results in the joining of two independently transcribed coding sequences. Both are mechanistically similar to conventional nuclear pre-mRNA cis-splicing. Mammalian cells are also capable of trans-splicing.


Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms Syndrome

Severe drug eruption characterized by high fever, erythematous rash and inflammation of internal organ(s).


Lichen Ruber Planus
Lichen Planus
Lichen Rubra Planus

An inflammatory, pruritic disease of the skin and mucous membranes, which can be either generalized or localized. It is characterized by distinctive purplish, flat-topped papules having a predilection for the trunk and flexor surfaces. The lesions may be discrete or coalesce to form plaques. Histologically, there is a "saw-tooth" pattern of epidermal hyperplasia and vacuolar alteration of the basal layer of the epidermis along with an intense upper dermal inflammatory infiltrate composed predominantly of T-cells. Etiology is unknown.


Crack Smoking
Cocaine Smoking
Crack Cocaine Smoking


A diazonium compound with the formula CH2N2.


UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS that contain at least one double bond in the trans configuration, which results in a greater bond angle than the cis configuration. This results in a more extended fatty acid chain similar to SATURATED FATTY ACIDS, with closer packing and reduced fluidity. HYDROGENATION of unsaturated fatty acids increases the trans content.


Providers of tissues for transplant to non-related individuals.


Spontaneous Otoacoustic Emissions
Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous

Self-generated faint acoustic signals from the inner ear (COCHLEA) without external stimulation. These faint signals can be recorded in the EAR CANAL and are indications of active OUTER AUDITORY HAIR CELLS. Spontaneous otoacoustic emissions are found in all classes of land vertebrates.


230 kDa Bullous Pemphigoid Antigen
Bullous Pemphigoid Antigen 1
230-240 kDa Bullous Pemphigoid Antigen
Dystonin
Hemidesmosomal Plaque Protein

A plakin characterized by repeat sequences homologous to SPECTRIN and PLECTIN and C-terminal EF HAND MOTIFS. It functions as an integrator of INTERMEDIATE FILAMENTS, ACTIN and MICROTUBULES in cytoskeleton networks. It is required for anchoring intermediate filaments to the actin cytoskeleton in neural and muscle cells as well as anchoring KERATIN-containing intermediate filaments to HEMIDESMOSOMES in EPITHELIAL CELLS.


The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.


Interstitial Cell of Cajal-Like Cells
Telocytes
Interstitial Cajal-Like Cells

A type of interstitial cells that have very long and thin CELL SURFACE EXTENSIONS called TELOPODES.


Caveolin 2 is a binding partner of CAVEOLIN 1. It undergoes tyrosine phosphorylation by C-SRC PROTEIN PP60 and plays a regulatory role in CAVEOLAE formation.


Ferredoxin-NADP Reductase
Adrenodoxin Reductase
Iron-Sulfur Protein Reductase
NADPH-Ferredoxin Reductase

An enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation and reduction of FERREDOXIN or ADRENODOXIN in the presence of NADP. EC 1.18.1.2 was formerly listed as EC 1.6.7.1 and EC 1.6.99.4.


Precalyceal Canalicular Ectasia
Cacchi-Ricci Syndrome
Kidney, Sponge
Medullary Sponge Kidney
Cacchi Ricci Disease

A non-hereditary KIDNEY disorder characterized by the abnormally dilated (ECTASIA) medullary and inner papillary portions of the collecting ducts. These collecting ducts usually contain CYSTS or DIVERTICULA filled with jelly-like material or small calculi (KIDNEY STONES) leading to infections or obstruction. It should be distinguished from congenital or hereditary POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASES.


Chenopodium album
Lamb's Quarters
Lambsquarters

A plant species in the CHENOPODIUM genus known for edible greens.


A synuclein that is closely related to ALPHA-SYNUCLEIN. It may play a neuroprotective role against some of the toxic effects of aggregated ALPHA-SYNUCLEIN.


Digestive system disorder where a particular food irritates the digestive tract or cannot be properly digested (i.e., due to a lack of a digestive enzyme). It differs from FOOD HYPERSENSITIVITY which is an immune system disorder, usually due to specific proteins in food.  http://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/problem-foods-is-it-an-allergy-or-intolerance.


Lingual Nerve Transection
Lingual Neuropathy, Traumatic
Lingual Nerve Injury
Lingual Nerve Contusion
Lingual Nerve Injuries

Traumatic injuries to the LINGUAL NERVE. It may be a complication following dental treatments.


Clerkships, Clinical
Clinical Apprenticeship
Clinical Clerkship
Clerkship, Clinical
Clinical Clerkships

Undergraduate education programs for second- , third- , and fourth-year students in health sciences in which the students receive clinical training and experience in teaching hospitals or affiliated health centers.


Cdc2-related Kinase PITALRE
PITALRE Kinase
CDK9 Kinase
Cdk9 Protein Kinase
Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 9

A multifunctional CDC2 kinase-related kinase that plays roles in transcriptional elongation, CELL DIFFERENTIATION, and APOPTOSIS. It is found associated with CYCLIN T and is a component of POSITIVE TRANSCRIPTIONAL ELONGATION FACTOR B.


CD-I
Compact Disk Interactive
Interactive Compact Disk

An optical disk storage system used on specialized players that combine the functions of computer and CD player in a self-contained box, designed to be connected to a television set and a home stereo for video and sound output. The player is controlled with a hand-held remote unit resembling a television remote control. (J Allied Health 1993 Winter;22(1):131-8)


Children, Abandoned
Child, Abandoned
Adolescent, Abandoned

A child or adolescent who is deserted by parents or parent substitutes without regard for its future care.


A glycogen synthase kinase-3 type enzyme that functions in ENERGY METABOLISM; EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT; and NEUROGENESIS. It is also involved in PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS and regulates cell growth and proliferation as a component of the WNT SIGNALING PATHWAY and other signaling pathways. Certain polymorphisms in the GSK3B gene have been associated with PARKINSON DISEASE; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; and BIPOLAR DISORDER.


Deficiency, Vitamin B 12
Deficiency, Vitamin B12
Vitamin B 12 Deficiency
Vitamin B12 Deficiency

A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of VITAMIN B 12 in the diet, characterized by megaloblastic anemia. Since vitamin B 12 is not present in plants, humans have obtained their supply from animal products, from multivitamin supplements in the form of pills, and as additives to food preparations. A wide variety of neuropsychiatric abnormalities is also seen in vitamin B 12 deficiency and appears to be due to an undefined defect involving myelin synthesis. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p848)


Acetyl CoA participates in the biosynthesis of fatty acids and sterols, in the oxidation of fatty acids and in the metabolism of many amino acids. It also acts as a biological acetylating agent.


Mutational Analysis, DNA
Analysis, DNA Mutational
DNA Mutational Analysis

Biochemical identification of mutational changes in a nucleotide sequence.


Marine bivalve mollusks especially of the genus MYTILUS or freshwater bivalve mollusks, especially the genera UNIO and ANODONTA. Mussels usually have a larva (glochidia), and require a fish host to complete development.


Nutrition, Parenteral
Intravenous Feeding
Parenteral Feeding
Parenteral Nutrition

The administering of nutrients for assimilation and utilization by a patient who cannot maintain adequate nutrition by enteral feeding alone. Nutrients are administered by a route other than the alimentary canal (e.g., intravenously, subcutaneously).


Lysyl-tRNA Synthetase
Lysyl T RNA Synthetase
Lysine-tRNA Ligase
Lys-tRNA Ligase

An enzyme that activates lysine with its specific transfer RNA. EC 6.1.1.6.


Drugs that act on blood and blood-forming organs and those that affect the hemostatic system.


N-Terminal Acetyltransferase Type A
NatA N-Terminal Acetyltransferase
N-Terminal Acetyltransferase A

An N-terminal acetyltransferase subtype that consists of the Naa10p catalytic subunit and the Naa15p auxiliary subunit. The structure of this enzyme is conserved between lower and higher eukaryotes. It has specificity for N-terminal SERINE; ALANINE; THREONINE; GLYCINE; VALINE; and CYSTINE residues and acts on nascent peptide chains after the removal of the initiator METHIONINE by METHIONYL AMINOPEPTIDASES.


Complexes of iodine and non-ionic SURFACE-ACTIVE AGENTS acting as carrier and solubilizing agent for the iodine in water. Iodophors usually enhance bactericidal activity of iodine, reduce vapor pressure and odor, minimize staining, and allow wide dilution with water. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)


Platelet-Derived Endothelial Cell Growth Factor

An enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of 2-deoxy-D-ribose from THYMIDINE to orthophosphate, thereby liberating thymidine.


Thromboembolism, Venous
Venous Thromboembolism

Obstruction of a vein or VEINS (embolism) by a blood clot (THROMBUS) in the blood stream.


G-Protein beta Subunit
GTP-Binding Protein beta Subunits
GTP-Binding Protein beta Subunit

Heterotrimeric GTP-binding protein subunits that tightly associate with GTP-BINDING PROTEIN GAMMA SUBUNITS. A dimer of beta and gamma subunits is formed when the GTP-BINDING PROTEIN ALPHA SUBUNIT dissociates from the GTP-binding protein heterotrimeric complex. The beta-gamma dimer can play an important role in signal transduction by interacting with a variety of second messengers.


alpha-Secretase
Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases
beta-Secretase
Secretase
Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretase
APP Secretase
gamma-Secretase
Secretases

Endopeptidases that are specific for AMYLOID PROTEIN PRECURSOR. Three secretase subtypes referred to as alpha, beta, and gamma have been identified based upon the region of amyloid protein precursor they cleave.


Ciliatine
Aminoethylphosphonic Acid
2-Aminoethylphosphonic Acid

An organophosphorus compound isolated from human and animal tissues.


SC Disease
Hemoglobin SC Disease
Sickle Cell Hemoglobin C Disease

One of the sickle cell disorders characterized by the presence of both hemoglobin S and hemoglobin C. It is similar to, but less severe than sickle cell anemia.


A synthetic phospholipid used in liposomes and lipid bilayers for the study of biological membranes.


Glucagon-Like Peptide-2 (1-33)
Glucagon-Like Peptide 2
Proglucagon (126-158)

A 33-amino acid peptide derived from the C-terminal of PROGLUCAGON and mainly produced by the INTESTINAL L CELLS. It stimulates intestinal mucosal growth and decreased apoptosis of ENTEROCYTES. GLP-2 enhances gastrointestinal function and plays an important role in nutrient homeostasis.


Home Birth
Home Childbirth
Childbirth at Home
Childbirths at Home


Mandibular Osteotomy
Mandibulotomy
Mandibuloplasty
Hemimandibulectomy
Segmental Mandibulectomy
Mandibulectomy

Resection or removal of a portion of the mandible so as to maintain the integrity of the mandibular arch.


Human Figure
Human Body
Body Parts
Body, Human
Body Parts and Fluids

Parts of the human body viewed from a philosophical or social perspective.


Peritonitis, Tuberculous
Tuberculosis, Peritoneal

A form of PERITONITIS seen in patients with TUBERCULOSIS, characterized by lesion either as a miliary form or as a pelvic mass on the peritoneal surfaces. Most patients have ASCITES, abdominal swelling, ABDOMINAL PAIN, and other systemic symptoms such as FEVER; WEIGHT LOSS; and ANEMIA.


Fatty Acyl Coenzyme A-Retinol Acyltransferase

An enzyme that catalyzes the acyl group transfer of acyl COENZYME A to RETINOL to generate COENZYME A and a retinyl ester.


Chemical and physical transformation of the biogenic elements from their nucleosynthesis in stars to their incorporation and subsequent modification in planetary bodies and terrestrial biochemistry. It includes the mechanism of incorporation of biogenic elements into complex molecules and molecular systems, leading up to the origin of life.


Mammalian orthoreovirus 3
Reovirus Type 3
Mammalian Reovirus 3
Reovirus 3

A serotype of ORTHOREOVIRUS, MAMMALIAN causing serious pathology in laboratory rodents, characterized by diarrhea, oily coat, jaundice, and multiple organ involvement.


Compomers
Polyacid-Modified Composite Resins
Composite Resins, Polyacid-Modified

Composite materials composed of an ion-leachable glass embedded in a polymeric matrix. They differ from GLASS IONOMER CEMENTS in that partially silanized glass particles are used to provide a direct bond to the resin matrix and the matrix is primarily formed by a light-activated, radical polymerization reaction.


Scheuermann's Disease
Juvenile Kyphosis
Scheuermann's Kyphosis
Juvenile Osteochondrosis of Spine
Adolescent Kyphosis
Scheuermann Kyphosis
Adolescent Hyperkyphosis
Scheuermann Disease
Scheuermann Juvenile Kyphosis

A type of juvenile osteochondrosis affecting the fibrocartilaginous disc (INTERVERTEBRAL DISC) in the thoracic or thoracolumbar region of the SPINE. It is characterized by a forward concave SPINAL CURVATURE or KYPHOSIS.


Sheep, Bighorn
Ovis canadensis
Rocky Mountain Bighorn Sheep

A species of sheep, Ovis canadensis, characterized by massive brown horns. There are at least four subspecies and they are all endangered or threatened.


Transplantation Immunology
Immunology, Transplantation

A general term for the complex phenomena involved in allo- and xenograft rejection by a host and graft vs host reaction. Although the reactions involved in transplantation immunology are primarily thymus-dependent phenomena of cellular immunity, humoral factors also play a part in late rejection.


Child Protective Services
Child Welfare Agencies

Local governmental offices which investigate reports of abuse and neglect of children, and act to assure a safe environment for minors.


Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose
DEAE-Cellulose Chromatography

A type of ion exchange chromatography using diethylaminoethyl cellulose (DEAE-CELLULOSE) as a positively charged resin. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)


Neurokinin-1 Receptor Blockers
Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists
Substance P Receptor Antagonists
Tachykinin Receptor 1 Blockers
Neuroleukin-1 Receptor Blockers
Substance P Receptor Blockers
Tachykinin Receptor 1 Antagonists

Compounds that inhibit or block the activity of NEUROKININ-1 RECEPTORS.


Organism Hyperhydration Status
Organism Water Content
Organism Fluid Status
Organism Hypohydration Status
Organism Euhydration Status
Organism Fluid Content
Organism Hydration Status
Organism Water Status

Quantitative measure of water or fluids contained in the body of a living organism.


Differentiation antigens expressed on pluripotential hematopoietic cells, most human thymocytes, and a major subset of peripheral blood T-lymphocytes. They have been implicated in integrin-mediated cellular adhesion and as signalling receptors on T-cells.


Osteopathic Physician
Osteopath
Osteopathic Physicians
Osteopaths
Doctor of Osteopathy

Licensed physicians trained in OSTEOPATHIC MEDICINE. An osteopathic physician, also known as D.O. (Doctor of Osteopathy), is able to perform surgery and prescribe medications.


Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act of 2015

An Act that amends Title XVIII of the Social Security Act to repeal the Medicare sustainable growth rate, that strengthens Medicare access by improving  physician payments, and that reauthorizes the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP).


Cultural Disadvantagement
Cultural Deprivation

The absence of certain expected and acceptable cultural phenomena in the environment which results in the failure of the individual to communicate and respond in the most appropriate manner within the context of society. Language acquisition and language use are commonly used in assessing this concept.


Expiratory Peak Flow Rate
PEFR
Flow Rate, Peak Expiratory
Peak Expiratory Flow Rate

Measurement of the maximum rate of airflow attained during a FORCED VITAL CAPACITY determination. Common abbreviations are PEFR and PFR.


Stereotaxic Techniques
Stereotactic Techniques
Stereotaxic Technics

Techniques used mostly during brain surgery which use a system of three-dimensional coordinates to locate the site to be operated on.


G-CSF
Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor

A glycoprotein of MW 25 kDa containing internal disulfide bonds. It induces the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of neutrophilic granulocyte precursor cells and functionally activates mature blood neutrophils. Among the family of colony-stimulating factors, G-CSF is the most potent inducer of terminal differentiation to granulocytes and macrophages of leukemic myeloid cell lines.


Diffuse Neurofibrillary Tangles with Calcification

A form of presenile DEMENTIA characterized by cortical dementia, NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES without SENILE PLAQUES, Fahr's type CALCINOSIS, and ATROPHY in frontotemporal or TEMPORAL LOBE.


Serrate-2 Protein
Serrate2 Protein
Jagged2 Protein
Jagged-2 Protein

A serrate-jagged protein that functions to modulate signal transduction from NOTCH RECEPTORS in CELL DIFFERENTIATION. It may also regulate the expression of CYTOKINES.


A syndrome of multiple defects characterized primarily by umbilical hernia (HERNIA, UMBILICAL); MACROGLOSSIA; and GIGANTISM; and secondarily by visceromegaly; HYPOGLYCEMIA; and ear abnormalities.


VisionBlue
Diamine Blue
Niagara Blue
Trypan Blue


Menstrual Cycle, Proliferative Phase
Menstrual Proliferative Phase
Follicular Phase
Preovulatory Phase
Menstrual Cycle, Follicular Phase

The period of the MENSTRUAL CYCLE representing follicular growth, increase in ovarian estrogen (ESTROGENS) production, and epithelial proliferation of the ENDOMETRIUM. Follicular phase begins with the onset of MENSTRUATION and ends with OVULATION.


Galanin-Like Peptide
Galanin-Like Protein
GALP Peptide

A neuropeptide that is highly homologous to GALANIN. It is produced by proteolytic processing of a larger protein that is unrelated to prepro-galanin and preferentially binds to GALANIN-2 RECEPTOR.


HLA Class I Histocompatibility Antigen, B-40 alpha Chain

A specific HLA-B surface antigen subtype. Members of this subtype contain alpha chains that are encoded by the HLA-B*40 allele family.


An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of an alpha L-fucoside to yield an alcohol and L-fucose. Deficiency of this enzyme can cause FUCOSIDOSIS. EC 3.2.1.51.


R-Type Voltage-Dependent Calcium Channels

CALCIUM CHANNELS located in the neurons of the brain. They are inhibited by the marine snail toxin, omega conotoxin MVIIC.


Pneumocystis carinii Infections
Pneumocystis Infections

Infections with species in the genus PNEUMOCYSTIS, a fungus causing interstitial plasma cell pneumonia (PNEUMONIA, PNEUMOCYSTIS) and other infections in humans and other MAMMALS. Immunocompromised patients, especially those with AIDS, are particularly susceptible to these infections. Extrapulmonary sites are rare but seen occasionally.


HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome
HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy
Lipodystrophy Syndrome, HIV
HIV Lipodystrophy Syndrome

Defective metabolism leading to fat maldistribution in patients infected with HIV. The etiology appears to be multifactorial and probably involves some combination of infection-induced alterations in metabolism, direct effects of antiretroviral therapy, and patient-related factors.


Subrenal Capsule Assay
Subrenal Capsule Xenograft Assay

In vivo method of screening investigative anticancer drugs and biologic response modifiers for individual cancer patients. Fresh tumor tissue is implanted under the kidney capsule of immunocompetent mice or rats; gross and histological assessments follow several days after tumor treatment in situ.


Glycine Transaminase
Glycine-2-Oxoglutarate Aminotransferase
Glycine Aminotransferase

A PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE containing enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of the amino group of GLYCINE onto 2-oxoglutarate to generate GLYOXYLATE and L-GLUTAMATE.


Pulmonary Venoocclusive Disease
Veno-Occlusive Disease, Pulmonary
Pulmonary Veno-Occlusive Disease
Pulmonary Veno Occlusive Disease

Pathological process resulting in the fibrous obstruction of the small- and medium-sized PULMONARY VEINS and PULMONARY HYPERTENSION. Veno-occlusion can arise from fibrous proliferation of the VASCULAR INTIMA and VASCULAR MEDIA; THROMBOSIS; or a combination of both.


Kidney Papillary Necrosis
Renal Papillitis, Necrotizing
Renal Medullary Necrosis

A complication of kidney diseases characterized by cell death involving KIDNEY PAPILLA in the KIDNEY MEDULLA. Damages to this area may hinder the kidney to concentrate urine resulting in POLYURIA. Sloughed off necrotic tissue may block KIDNEY PELVIS or URETER. Necrosis of multiple renal papillae can lead to KIDNEY FAILURE.


GEMS Cell Nucleus Structures
Gemini of Coiled Bodies

Small, punctate nuclear structures found in close proximity to COILED BODIES. They are enriched with SMN COMPLEX PROTEINS and may play a role in the processing of SMALL NUCLEAR RIBONUCLEOPROTEINS.


Human Embryonic Stem Cell
Cells, Human Embryonic Stem
hESCs
Human Embryonic Stem Cells
Stem Cells, Human Embryonic

A type of PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS derived from early stage human embryos, up to and including the BLASTOCYST stage.


High Molecular Weight Kininogen
HMWK
High-Molecular-Weight Kininogens
Fitzgerald Factor
Kininogens, High Molecular Weight
High Molecular Weight Kininogens
Kininogen, High-Molecular-Weight
High-Molecular-Weight Kininogen

A plasma protein, molecular weight of 110 kD, that normally exists in plasma in a 1:1 complex with PREKALLIKREIN. HMWK is split by plasma kallikrein to produce BRADYKININ. The complex is a cofactor in the activation of coagulation factor XII. The product of this reaction, XIIa, in turn activates prekallikrein to KALLIKREINS. (From Stedman, 26th ed)


Optic Tract
Tractus Optici
Tractus Opticus

Nerve fiber originating from the OPTIC CHIASM that connects predominantly to the LATERAL GENICULATE BODIES. It is the continuation of the VISUAL PATHWAY that conveys the visual information originally from the RETINA to the optic chiasm via the OPTIC NERVES.


Scattering, Radiation
Radiation Scattering

The diversion of RADIATION (thermal, electromagnetic, or nuclear) from its original path as a result of interactions or collisions with atoms, molecules, or larger particles in the atmosphere or other media. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)


Phenylcarbinols
Benzyl Alcohols
Phenylmethanols

Alcohols derived from the aryl radical (C6H5CH2-) and defined by C6H5CHOH. The concept includes derivatives with any substituents on the benzene ring.


Toxic chlorinated unsaturated hydrocarbons. Include both the 1,1- and 1,2-dichloro isomers. Both isomers are toxic, but 1,1-dichloroethylene is the more potent CNS depressant and hepatotoxin. It is used in the manufacture of thermoplastic polymers.


Ion Channels
Membrane Channel
Ionic Channels
Ion Channel
Membrane Channels
Ionic Channel

Gated, ion-selective glycoproteins that traverse membranes. The stimulus for ION CHANNEL GATING can be due to a variety of stimuli such as LIGANDS, a TRANSMEMBRANE POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE, mechanical deformation or through INTRACELLULAR SIGNALING PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS.


Live microbial DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS which beneficially affect the host animal by improving its intestinal microbial balance. Antibiotics and other related compounds are not included in this definition. In humans, lactobacilli are commonly used as probiotics, either as single species or in mixed culture with other bacteria. Other genera that have been used are bifidobacteria and streptococci. (J. Nutr. 1995;125:1401-12)


Hepatitis B Surface Antigens
Australia Antigen
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen
HBsAg

Those hepatitis B antigens found on the surface of the Dane particle and on the 20 nm spherical and tubular particles. Several subspecificities of the surface antigen are known. These were formerly called the Australia antigen.


Gleason Grading
Neoplasm Grading
Gleason Score
Tumor Grading

System of grading PROSTATE CANCER based on the degree of abnormality of the glandular archtecture of the tumor.


Prolymphocytic Leukemia
Leukemia, Prolymphocytic

A chronic leukemia characterized by a large number of circulating prolymphocytes. It can arise spontaneously or as a consequence of transformation of CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA.


Single Nucleotide Polymorphism
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
SNPs

A single nucleotide variation in a genetic sequence that occurs at appreciable frequency in the population.


Haemophilus parasuis
Hemophilus parasuis

A species of gram-negative bacteria in the genus HAEMOPHILUS found, in the normal upper respiratory tract of SWINE.


Sporadic Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy
Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy
Amyloid Angiopathy, Cerebral
Congophilic Angiopathy

A heterogeneous group of sporadic or familial disorders characterized by AMYLOID deposits in the walls of small and medium sized blood vessels of CEREBRAL CORTEX and MENINGES. Clinical features include multiple, small lobar CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; cerebral ischemia (BRAIN ISCHEMIA); and CEREBRAL INFARCTION. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy is unrelated to generalized AMYLOIDOSIS. Amyloidogenic peptides in this condition are nearly always the same ones found in ALZHEIMER DISEASE. (from Kumar: Robbins and Cotran: Pathologic Basis of Disease, 7th ed., 2005)


(2S-(2 alpha,3 beta,4 beta))-2-Carboxy-4-(1-methylethenyl)-3-pyrrolidineacetic acid. Ascaricide obtained from the red alga Digenea simplex. It is a potent excitatory amino acid agonist at some types of excitatory amino acid receptors and has been used to discriminate among receptor types. Like many excitatory amino acid agonists it can cause neurotoxicity and has been used experimentally for that purpose.


Interferon-gamma-Inducible Protein of 10 kDa

A CXC chemokine that is induced by GAMMA-INTERFERON and is chemotactic for MONOCYTES and T-LYMPHOCYTES. It has specificity for the CXCR3 RECEPTOR.


Orphans
Children, Orphaned
Child, Orphaned

Child who has lost both parents through death or desertion.


Imaging the temperatures in a material, or in the body or an organ. Imaging is based on self-emanating infrared radiation (HEAT WAVES), or on changes in properties of the material or tissue that vary with temperature, such as ELASTICITY; MAGNETIC FIELD; or LUMINESCENCE.


Text Messaging
Text Messages
Texting
Short Message Service

A TELECOMMUNICATIONS protocol used to send text messages between CELL PHONE users.


Medroxyprogesterone 17-Acetate, (6 beta)-Isomer

Medroxyprogesterone 17-Acetate, (6 alpha,17 alpha)-Isomer

A synthetic progestin that is derived from 17-hydroxyprogesterone. It is a long-acting contraceptive that is effective both orally or by intramuscular injection and has also been used to treat breast and endometrial neoplasms.


Euglena longa
Astasia longa
Genus Astasia

A species of EUKARYOTES in the phylum EUGLENIDA. It is a colorless heterotrophic flagellate.


Cerebral Ventricular System
Cerebral Ventricles
Foramen of Monro

Four CSF-filled (see CEREBROSPINAL FLUID) cavities within the cerebral hemispheres (LATERAL VENTRICLES), in the midline (THIRD VENTRICLE) and within the PONS and MEDULLA OBLONGATA (FOURTH VENTRICLE).


Strategic Stockpile
Strategic National Stockpile

Planned and coordinated pre-event accumulation of ESSENTIAL DRUGS and medical supplies.


Sterosan Chlorchinaldol 5,7-Dichloro-2-methyl-8-quinolinol Chlorquinaldol Afungil Chlorchinaldine Chloroquinaldol

Local anti-infective agent used for skin, gastrointestinal, and vaginal infections with fungi, protozoa, and certain bacteria. In animals, it causes central nervous system damage and is not administered parenterally. It is also used as antiseptic, fungistat, or deodorant.


Autonomic Failure, Pure
Bradbury-Eggleston Syndrome
Pure Autonomic Failure

A degenerative disease of the AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM that is characterized by idiopathic ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION and a greatly reduced level of CATECHOLAMINES. No other neurological deficits are present.


4-D Echocardiography
Echocardiography, Four-Dimensional
Echocardiography, 4D
4D Echocardiography
Echocardiography, 4-D
Four-Dimensional Echocardiography

Dynamic three-dimensional echocardiography using the added dimension of time to impart the cinematic perception of motion. (Mayo Clin Proc 1993;68:221-40)


1,2-Dihydro-3,6-pyridazinedione. A herbicide and plant growth regulator; also used to control suckering of tobacco. Its residue in food and tobacco is highly toxic, causing CNS disturbances and liver damage.


Alveolar Bone Grafting
Alveolar Cleft Grafting

Surgical procedure to add bone to the ALVEOLAR RIDGE in children born with a CLEFT LIP and a CLEFT PALATE.


A fetuin subtype that is closely-related to ALPHA-2-HS-GLYCOPROTEIN. Although fetuin-B binds calcium, it is a minor component of SERUM and therefore it may not play a primary role in preventing serum calcium phosphate precipitation.


A metal element atomic number 41, atomic weight 92.906, symbol Nb.


Minute cells produced during development of an OOCYTE as it undergoes MEIOSIS. A polar body contains one of the nuclei derived from the first or second meiotic CELL DIVISION. Polar bodies have practically no CYTOPLASM. They are eventually discarded by the oocyte. (from King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)


Pheromone Receptors
Receptors, Pheromone

Cell surface receptors that respond to PHEROMONES.


AQP3 Protein
Aquaporin 3
Aquaporin 3 Protein

Aquaporin 3 is an aquaglyceroporin that is expressed in the KIDNEY COLLECTING DUCTS and is constitutively localized at the basolateral MEMBRANE.


Modification Methylases
DNA Modification Methylases
DNA Modification Methyltransferases

Enzymes that are part of the restriction-modification systems. They are responsible for producing a species-characteristic methylation pattern, on either adenine or cytosine residues, in a specific short base sequence in the host cell's own DNA. This methylated sequence will occur many times in the host-cell DNA and remain intact for the lifetime of the cell. Any DNA from another species which gains entry into a living cell and lacks the characteristic methylation pattern will be recognized by the restriction endonucleases of similar specificity and destroyed by cleavage. Most have been studied in bacterial systems, but a few have been found in eukaryotic organisms.


A class of immunoglobulin bearing mu chains (IMMUNOGLOBULIN MU-CHAINS). IgM can fix COMPLEMENT. The name comes from its high molecular weight and originally being called a macroglobulin.


Pancreatic Polypeptide (PP)
Pancreatic Polypeptide Hormone
Pancreatic Polypeptide
Pancreatic Prohormone

A secreted polypeptide of about 100 amino acids, depending on the species, from the PANCREASE. It is the precursor of pancreatic polypeptide (PP) and a pancreatic C-terminal peptide or pancreatic icosapeptide.


Forebrain Commissures
Anterior Commissural Nucleus
Telencephalic Commissures

Set of nerve fibers that cross the midline of the TELENCEPHALON. They include the ANTERIOR COMMISSURE; the CORPUS CALLOSUM; and the HIPPOCAMPAL COMMISSURE of the fornix.


Silent Mutation
Synonymous Mutations
Silent Mutations
Mutations, Silent
Synonymous Codon Substitutions

A change to a DNA SEQUENCE that doesn't change the AMINO ACID SEQUENCE of the protein made.


TAX-1 Axonal Glycoprotein
Transient Axonal Glycoprotein 1
Axonin-1
Contactin 2
TAG-1 Axonal Glycoprotein

A contactin subtype that plays a role in axon outgrowth, axon fasciculation, and neuronal migration.


Stones in the URETER that are formed in the KIDNEY. They are rarely more than 5 mm in diameter for larger renal stones cannot enter ureters. They are often lodged at the ureteral narrowing and can cause excruciating renal colic.


Proteins, Bacterial
Protein, Bacterial
Bacterial Protein
Bacterial Proteins
Bacterial Gene Protein
Gene Products, Bacterial
Gene Proteins, Bacterial
Bacterial Gene Proteins
Gene Product, Bacterial
Bacterial Gene Product
Gene Protein, Bacterial
Bacterial Gene Products

Proteins found in any species of bacterium.


Accident Prevention
Prevention, Accident

Efforts and designs to reduce the incidence of unexpected undesirable events in various environments and situations.


Lissencephaly Type 2
Cobblestone Lissencephaly
Cobblestone Complex
Cobblestone Dysplasia

The smooth pebbled appearance of the CEREBRAL CORTEX with a thickened cortex and reduced and abnormal white matter, which results from migration of heterotopic neurons beyond the marginal zone into the leptomeninges through gaps in the external BASEMENT MEMBRANE. There is also enlarged ventricles, underdeveloped BRAINSTEM and cerebellum, and absence of the CORPUS CALLOSUM. These abnormalities occur as a syndrome without other birth defects (cobblestone complex) or in other syndromes associated with congenital MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY, often involving the eye, such as the Walker-Warburg Syndrome, Fukuyama congenital muscular dystrophy, and muscle-eye-brain disease.


GI Contents
Digestive Tract Contents
Intestinal Contents
Gastrointestinal Contents
Stomach Contents

The contents included in all or any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.


Receptor Agonists, beta-Adrenergic
Adrenergic beta-Agonists
beta-Adrenergic Agonists
Betamimetics
beta-Adrenergic Receptor Agonists
Adrenergic beta-Receptor Agonists
Receptors Agonists, Adrenergic beta
beta-Adrenergic Receptor Agonist
beta-Adrenergic Agonist
Adrenergic beta-Receptor Agonist
Adrenergic beta-Agonist

Drugs that selectively bind to and activate beta-adrenergic receptors.


Extrahepatic Biliary System
Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic

Passages external to the liver for the conveyance of bile. These include the COMMON BILE DUCT and the common hepatic duct (HEPATIC DUCT, COMMON).


Continuity of Care
Continuum of Care
Continuity of Patient Care

Health care provided on a continuing basis from the initial contact, following the patient through all phases of medical care.


A class of hospitals that includes profit or not-for-profit hospitals that are controlled by a legal entity other than a government agency. (Hospital Administration Terminology, AHA, 2d ed)


Privately endowed or publicly funded institutions receiving and supporting the aged or infirm poor. They sometimes functioned as centers of health care before the establishment of formal hospitals.


Obesity, Morbid
Morbid Obesity
Obesity, Severe

The condition of weighing two, three, or more times the ideal weight, so called because it is associated with many serious and life-threatening disorders. In the BODY MASS INDEX, morbid obesity is defined as having a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2.


The salinated water of OCEANS AND SEAS that provides habitat for marine organisms.


Malonate Semialdehyde Dehydrogenase (Acetylating)

An enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of 3-oxopropanoate (malonate semialdehyde) to acetyl COENZYME A. It plays a role in the metabolism of BETA-ALANINE.


Epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus
Hemorrhagic Disease Virus, Epizootic

A species of ORBIVIRUS causing a fatal disease in deer. It is transmitted by flies of the genus Culicoides.


Epileptic Syndromes
Epilepsy Syndromes
Syndromic Epilepsies
Familial Epilepsies

EPILEPTIC SEIZURES that are of similar type and age of onset and have other similar features (e.g., clinical course, EEG findings, genetic association and neuropathology).


Lymphocyte Activation
Transformation, Lymphocyte
Blastogenesis
Lymphocyte Transformation
Lymphocyte Stimulation
Blast Transformation
Transformation, Lymphoblast
Transformation, Blast
Lymphoblast Transformation

Morphologic alteration of small B LYMPHOCYTES or T LYMPHOCYTES in culture into large blast-like cells able to synthesize DNA and RNA and to divide mitotically. It is induced by INTERLEUKINS; MITOGENS such as PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS, and by specific ANTIGENS. It may also occur in vivo as in GRAFT REJECTION.


IL-12 Receptor
Interleukin-12 Receptor
IL-12 Receptors
Receptor, Interleukin-12
Interleukin-12 Receptors
Receptors, Interleukin-12

Cell surface receptors for INTERLEUKIN-12. They exist as dimers of beta 1 and beta 2 subunits. Signaling from interleukin-12 receptors occurs through their interaction with JANUS KINASES.


Ethylmorphine-N-Demethylase
Ethylmorphine N Demethylase

A drug-metabolizing enzyme of the hepatic microsomal oxidase system which catalyzes the oxidation of the N-methyl group of ethylmorphine with the formation of formaldehyde.


Grenz Rays
Xrays
Radiation, X
X-Radiation
Roentgen Rays
X-Rays

Penetrating electromagnetic radiation emitted when the inner orbital electrons of an atom are excited and release radiant energy. X-ray wavelengths range from 1 pm to 10 nm. Hard X-rays are the higher energy, shorter wavelength X-rays. Soft x-rays or Grenz rays are less energetic and longer in wavelength. The short wavelength end of the X-ray spectrum overlaps the GAMMA RAYS wavelength range. The distinction between gamma rays and X-rays is based on their radiation source.


Brachial Nucleus of the Inferior Colliculus

The posterior pair of the quadrigeminal bodies which contain centers for auditory function.


Conversion to an Open Surgical Procedure

Changing an operative procedure from an endoscopic surgical procedure to an open approach during the INTRAOPERATIVE PERIOD.


Extravascular Hemolysis
Haemolysis
Intravascular Hemolysis
Hemolysis

The destruction of ERYTHROCYTES by many different causal agents such as antibodies, bacteria, chemicals, temperature, and changes in tonicity.


A species of gram-negative bacteria responsible for red mouth disease in rainbow trout (ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS). The bacteria is a natural component of fresh water ecosystems in the United States and Canada.


A cytokine that stimulates the growth and differentiation of B-LYMPHOCYTES and is also a growth factor for HYBRIDOMAS and plasmacytomas. It is produced by many different cells including T-LYMPHOCYTES; MONOCYTES; and FIBROBLASTS.


Parasympathectomy
Parasympathetic Denervation
Denervation, Parasympathetic

The removal or interruption of some part of the parasympathetic nervous system for therapeutic or research purposes.


Zolazepam Hydrochloride
Flupyrazapon
CI-716
Zolasepam
Flupyrazopon
Zolazepam

A pyrazolodiazepinone with pharmacological actions similar to ANTI-ANXIETY AGENTS. It is commonly used in combination with TILETAMINE to obtain immobilization and anesthesia in animals.


Initiation Factors
Peptide Initiation Factors
Initiation Factor

Protein factors uniquely required during the initiation phase of protein synthesis in GENETIC TRANSLATION.


Surgery, Repeat
Repeat Surgery
Surgical Revision
Revision Surgery
Reoperation
Revision, Surgical
Revision, Joint

A repeat operation for the same condition in the same patient due to disease progression or recurrence, or as followup to failed previous surgery.


Stem Cells, Multipotent
Multipotent Stem Cells

Specialized stem cells that are committed to give rise to cells that have a particular function; examples are MYOBLASTS; MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS; and skin stem cells. (Stem Cells: A Primer [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institutes of Health (US); 2000 May [cited 2002 Apr 5]. Available from: http://www.nih.gov/news/stemcell/primer.htm)


Cytidine
Cytosine Riboside
Cytosine Ribonucleoside

A pyrimidine nucleoside that is composed of the base CYTOSINE linked to the five-carbon sugar D-RIBOSE.


Technetium Tc 99m 2,6-Dimethyl Iminodiacetic Acid

A nontoxic radiopharmaceutical that is used in RADIONUCLIDE IMAGING for the clinical evaluation of hepatobiliary disorders in humans.


A potent mutagen and carcinogen. It is a public health concern because of its possible effects on industrial workers, as an environmental pollutant, an as a component of tobacco smoke.


A transformed macrophage cell line isolated from ASCITES of mice infected with ABELSON MURINE LEUKEMIA VIRUS.


A pentose active in biological systems usually in its D-form.


Services, Diagnostic
Diagnostic Services

Organized services for the purpose of providing diagnosis to promote and maintain health.


Information Processing, Human
Mental Processes
Human Information Processing

Conceptual functions or thinking in all its forms.


Physician Incentive Plans
Incentive Plans, Physician

Compensatory plans designed to motivate physicians in relation to patient referral, physician recruitment, and efficient use of the health facility.


CAP-Binding Protein Complex-Interacting Protein 2

ORAI Calcium Release-Activated Calcium Modulator 2

A calcium release-activated calcium-like (CRAC-like) channel subunit which functions with STROMAL INTERACTION MOLECULE 1 to regulate cell calcium influx and increase (Ca2+)-selective current.


T1SS Secretion System
Type I Secretion System
Bacterial Secretion Systems, Type I
Type I Secretion Systems
Type 1 Secretion Systems
Type 1 Secretion System

Gram-negative bacterial secretion systems which translocate effectors in a single step across the inner and outer membranes. The one-step secretion is carried out by a channel that passes from the CYTOPLASM, through the inner membrane, PERIPLASMIC SPACE, and outer membrane, to the EXTRACELLULAR SPACE. The specificity of type I secretions systems are determined by the specificity of the three subcomponents forming the channel - an ATP transporter (ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS); a membrane fusion protein (MEMBRANE FUSION PROTEINS); and an outer membrane protein (BACTERIAL OUTER MEMBRANE PROTEINS.)


Superheavy Elements
Super Heavy Elements
Transactinide Series Elements
Transactinide Elements
Transactinides

A series of radioactive elements with atomic numbers greater than 103. Current members include Rutherfordium, atomic number 104, to and including Ununoctium, atomic number 118. All members are synthetic with short half-lives.


Apocynum
Dogbane
Poacynum
Apocynum cannabinum

A plant genus of the family APOCYNACEAE. On rare occasions it is called Milkweed, but should not be confused with true Milkweed (ASCLEPIAS).


INDOLES which have two keto groups forming QUINONES like structures of the indole aromatic ring.


Erythroblastosis Fetalis
Erythroblastosis, Fetal
Hemolytic Disease of Newborn

A condition characterized by the abnormal presence of ERYTHROBLASTS in the circulation of the FETUS or NEWBORNS. It is a disorder due to BLOOD GROUP INCOMPATIBILITY, such as the maternal alloimmunization by fetal antigen RH FACTORS leading to HEMOLYSIS of ERYTHROCYTES, hemolytic anemia (ANEMIA, HEMOLYTIC), general edema (HYDROPS FETALIS), and SEVERE JAUNDICE IN NEWBORN.


Deficiency, Magnesium
Magnesium Deficiency

A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of magnesium in the diet, characterized by anorexia, nausea, vomiting, lethargy, and weakness. Symptoms are paresthesias, muscle cramps, irritability, decreased attention span, and mental confusion, possibly requiring months to appear. Deficiency of body magnesium can exist even when serum values are normal. In addition, magnesium deficiency may be organ-selective, since certain tissues become deficient before others. (Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 12th ed, p1936)


Benzene derivatives which are substituted with three nitro groups in any position.


A photoactivable URIDINE analog that is used as an affinity label.


Soft tissue formed mainly by the pelvic diaphragm, which is composed of the two levator ani and two coccygeus muscles. The pelvic diaphragm lies just below the pelvic aperture (outlet) and separates the pelvic cavity from the PERINEUM. It extends between the PUBIC BONE anteriorly and the COCCYX posteriorly.


Inner Hair Cells
Cochlear Inner Hair Cells
Hair Cell, Auditory, Inner
Cochlear Inner Hair Cell
Auditory Hair Cells, Inner
Inner Auditory Hair Cells
Auditory Hair Cell, Inner
Inner Auditory Hair Cell
Hair Cells, Auditory, Inner

Auditory sensory cells of organ of Corti, usually placed in one row medially to the core of spongy bone (the modiolus). Inner hair cells are in fewer numbers than the OUTER AUDITORY HAIR CELLS, and their STEREOCILIA are approximately twice as thick as those of the outer hair cells.


Pituitary Growth Hormone-Secreting Cells

Anterior pituitary cells which produce GROWTH HORMONE.


Outpatient Clinics, Hospital
Hospital Outpatient Clinics
Ambulatory Care Facilities, Hospital

Organized services in a hospital which provide medical care on an outpatient basis.


Plant Lice
Plant Louse
Schizaphis
Lice, Plant
Aphids
Myzus
Aphididae
Louse, Plant

A family (Aphididae) of small insects, in the suborder Sternorrhyncha, that suck the juices of plants. Important genera include Schizaphis and Myzus. The latter is known to carry more than 100 virus diseases between plants.


Centers, Rehabilitation
Rehabilitation Centers

Facilities which provide programs for rehabilitating the mentally or physically disabled individuals.


Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factors

A family of closely related nerve growth factors that promote NEURON survival. They bind to GDNF RECEPTORS and stimulate SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION through PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEIN C-RET.


Alkylated Estrogenic Steroids
Estrogenic Steroids, Alkylated
Alkyl Estrogenic Steroids

Estrogenic STEROIDS with aliphatic hydrocarbon chain substitution on C17 or other position. 17-alpha-ALKYLATION renders the molecule more stable, resistant to metabolic degradation, and improves oral efficacy. Examples of synthetic alkyl estrogens include ETHINYL ESTRADIOL and MESTRANOL. Substitutions at other sites generates antiestrogenic and cytotoxic properties.


Male germ cells derived from the haploid secondary SPERMATOCYTES. Without further division, spermatids undergo structural changes and give rise to SPERMATOZOA.


Type A Cyclins
Cyclin A
E1A p60
Adenovirus E1A-Associated Protein p60
Type A Cyclin

A cyclin subtype that has specificity for CDC2 PROTEIN KINASE and CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE 2. It plays a role in progression of the CELL CYCLE through G1/S and G2/M phase transitions.


Nurses' Stations
Nurse Stations
Nursing Stations

An area in a clinic, unit, or ward in a health care facility that serves as the administrative center for nursing care. (from Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 8th ed)


NADPH delta(4)-3-Ketosteroid 5 alpha-Oxidoreductase

delta 4-3-keto Steroid 5 alpha-Oxidoreductase

3-oxo-5 alpha-Steroid 4-Dehydrogenase (NADP+)

An enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of TESTOSTERONE to 5-ALPHA DIHYDROTESTOSTERONE.


Short Chain Dehydrogenase Superfamily
Short Chain Dehydrogenases
Short-Chain Alcohol Dehydrogenases
Short Chain Dehydrogenase Family
Short Chain Dehydrogenase-Reductases

A large family of oxidoreductases that are predominantly NAD- or NADP-dependent and 250 to 350 amino acids in length. They generally consist of two PROTEIN DOMAINS: A catalytic N-terminal domain that binds the substrate, and a C-terminal coenzyme-binding domain.


RAG-1 Genes
Genes, RAG-1
Recombination-Activating Gene-1
Recombination-Activating Genes-1

Genes involved in activating the enzyme VDJ recombinase. RAG-1 is located on chromosome 11 in humans (chromosome 2 in mice) and is expressed exclusively in maturing lymphocytes.


Feeding Disorders
Feeding and Eating Disorders
Appetite Disorders
Eating Disorders
Eating and Feeding Disorders

A group of disorders characterized by physiological and psychological disturbances in appetite or food intake.


c-jun Proteins
p39 c-jun
Proto-Oncogene Proteins jun
Proto-Oncogene Products c-jun
jun Proto-Oncogene Product p39
Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun
c-fos-Associated Protein p39
jun B Proteins
jun Proto-Oncogene Proteins
p39(c-jun)
jun D Proteins
fos-Associated Protein p39

Cellular DNA-binding proteins encoded by the c-jun genes (GENES, JUN). They are involved in growth-related transcriptional control. There appear to be three distinct functions: dimerization (with c-fos), DNA-binding, and transcriptional activation. Oncogenic transformation can take place by constitutive expression of c-jun.


Neonatal Withdrawal Syndrome
Substance Withdrawal, Neonatal
Neonatal Substance Withdrawal
Passive Addiction, Neonatal
Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
Abstinence Syndrome, Neonatal

Fetal and neonatal addiction and withdrawal as a result of the mother's dependence on drugs during pregnancy. Withdrawal or abstinence symptoms develop shortly after birth. Symptoms exhibited are loud, high-pitched crying, sweating, yawning and gastrointestinal disturbances.


HA-2 Adaptors
AP-2 Adaptor (Clathrin-Coated Vesicles)
AP-2 Protein Complex
Hydroxyapatite 2 Adaptors
Adaptor-Related Protein Complex 2
Clathrin Adaptor Protein Complex 2
Clathrin Assembly Protein Complex 2
Adaptor Protein Complex 2

An adaptor protein complex primarily involved in the formation of clathrin-related endocytotic vesicles (ENDOSOMES) at the CELL MEMBRANE.


Propionyl-CoA Carboxylase
Methylmalonyl-CoA Decarboxylase
Propionyl-Coenzyme A Carboxylase

A carboxy-lyase that catalyzes the decarboxylation of (S)-2-Methyl-3-oxopropanoyl-CoA to propanoyl-CoA. In microorganisms the reaction can be coupled to the vectorial transport of SODIUM ions across the cytoplasmic membrane.


Cerebral Hemispheres, Absence, Congenital

Hydranencephaly with Proliferative Vasculopathy

Congenital Absence of Cerebral Hemispheres

Absence of Cerebral Hemispheres, Congenital

A congenital condition where the greater portions of the cerebral hemispheres and CORPUS STRIATUM are replaced by CSF and glial tissue. The meninges and the skull are well formed, which is consistent with earlier normal embryogenesis of the telencephalon. Bilateral occlusions of the internal carotid arteries in utero is a potential mechanism. Clinical features include intact brainstem reflexes without evidence of higher cortical activity. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p307)


Widening of a stenosed HEART VALVE by the insertion of a balloon CATHETER into the valve and inflation of the balloon.


National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (U.S.)

Component of the NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH. It conducts and supports basic and applied research to better understand, treat, and ultimately prevent infectious, immunologic, and allergic diseases. It was established in 1948.


Insulin-Secreting Cells
Pancreatic B Cells
Pancreatic beta Cells
beta Cells, Pancreatic

A type of pancreatic cell representing about 50-80% of the islet cells. Beta cells secrete INSULIN.


A phosphoinositide present in all eukaryotic cells, particularly in the plasma membrane. It is the major substrate for receptor-stimulated phosphoinositidase C, with the consequent formation of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate and diacylglycerol, and probably also for receptor-stimulated inositol phospholipid 3-kinase. (Kendrew, The Encyclopedia of Molecular Biology, 1994)


Stimulation, Physical
Physical Stimulation

Act of eliciting a response from a person or organism through physical contact.


Therapy, Color
Chromatotherapy
Color Therapy
Chromotherapy

A form of phototherapy using color to influence health and to treat various physical or mental disorders. The color rays may be in the visible or invisible spectrum and can be administered through colored lights or applied mentally through suggestion.


Two small peptide chains removed from the N-terminal segment of the beta chains of fibrinogen by the action of thrombin. Each peptide chain contains 20 amino acid residues. The removal of fibrinopeptides B is not required for coagulation.


An antibiotic complex originally isolated from Streptomyces mitakaenis. It contains two principle ingredients: STREPTOGRAMIN A (mikamycin A) and STREPTOGRAMIN B (mikamycin B).


Orthodontic Appliances, Activator
Andresen Appliance
Bionator
Jasper Jumper
Activator Appliances
Function Activator
Harvold Activator

Loose-fitting removable orthodontic appliances which redirect the pressures of the facial and masticatory muscles onto the teeth and their supporting structures to produce improvements in tooth arrangements and occlusal relations.


Inosinic Acid Dehydrogenase
IMP Dehydrogenase
Inosine-5-Monophosphate Dehydrogenase

An enzyme that catalyzes the dehydrogenation of inosine 5'-phosphate to xanthosine 5'-phosphate in the presence of NAD. EC 1.1.1.205.


Abrasion, Dental
Dental Abrasion
Tooth Abrasion

The pathologic wearing away of the tooth substance by brushing, bruxism, clenching, and other mechanical causes. It is differentiated from TOOTH ATTRITION in that this type of wearing away is the result of tooth-to-tooth contact, as in mastication, occurring only on the occlusal, incisal, and proximal surfaces. It differs also from TOOTH EROSION, the progressive loss of the hard substance of a tooth by chemical processes not involving bacterial action. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p2)


Non-cadaveric providers of organs for transplant to related or non-related recipients.


Hospitals controlled by agencies and departments of the state government.


Lipid-containing polysaccharides which are endotoxins and important group-specific antigens. They are often derived from the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria and induce immunoglobulin secretion. The lipopolysaccharide molecule consists of three parts: LIPID A, core polysaccharide, and O-specific chains (O ANTIGENS). When derived from Escherichia coli, lipopolysaccharides serve as polyclonal B-cell mitogens commonly used in laboratory immunology. (From Dorland, 28th ed)


Remission, Spontaneous Neoplasm
Spontaneous Neoplasm Remission
Neoplasm Remission, Spontaneous
Spontaneous Neoplasm Regression
Neoplasm Regression, Spontaneous
Regression, Spontaneous Neoplasm

Disappearance of a neoplasm or neoplastic state without the intervention of therapy.


A promyelocytic cell line derived from a patient with ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA. HL-60 cells lack specific markers for LYMPHOID CELLS but express surface receptors for FC FRAGMENTS and COMPLEMENT SYSTEM PROTEINS. They also exhibit phagocytic activity and responsiveness to chemotactic stimuli. (From Hay et al., American Type Culture Collection, 7th ed, pp127-8)


HLA-D DNA Probes
DNA Probes, HLA
HLA-C DNA Probes
Human Leukocyte Antigen DNA Probes
HLA DNA Probes
HLA-B DNA Probes
HLA-A DNA Probes
DNA Probes, Histocompatibility Antigen
HLA-Dw DNA Probes
HLA-DR DNA Probes
Histocompatibility Antigen DNA Probes

DNA probes specific for the human leukocyte antigen genes, which represent the major histocompatibility determinants in humans. The four known loci are designated as A, B, C, and D. Specific antigens are identified by a locus notation and number, e.g., HLA-A11. The inheritance of certain HLA alleles is associated with increased risk for certain diseases (e.g., insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus).


A family of GTPASE-ACTIVATING PROTEINS that are specific for RAC GTP-BINDING PROTEINS.


Hearing Loss, Mixed Conductive-Sensorineural

Hearing loss due to damage or impairment of both the conductive elements (HEARING LOSS, CONDUCTIVE) and the sensorineural elements (HEARING LOSS, SENSORINEURAL) of the ear.


Ganglions
Myxoid Cyst
Ganglionic Cysts
Ganglion Cysts

Nodular tumor-like lesions or mucoid flesh, arising from tendon sheaths, LIGAMENTS, or JOINT CAPSULE, especially of the hands, wrists, or feet. They are not true cysts as they lack epithelial wall. They are distinguished from SYNOVIAL CYSTS by the lack of communication with a joint cavity or the SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE.


Valves, Pulmonary
Pulmonary Valve
Valve, Pulmonary
Pulmonary Valves

A valve situated at the entrance to the pulmonary trunk from the right ventricle.


Vascular Smooth Muscle
Muscle, Smooth, Vascular

The nonstriated involuntary muscle tissue of blood vessels.


Staffs, Dental
Dental Staff
Staff, Dental
Dental Staffs

Personnel who provide dental service to patients in an organized facility, institution or agency.


ISGF3 Transcription Factor
Interferon-Stimulated Gene Factor 3
ISGF3 Factor
Transcription Factor ISGF3
IFN-Stimulated Gene Factor 3 Complex

A multimeric complex that functions as a ligand-dependent transcription factor. ISGF3 is assembled in the CYTOPLASM and translocated to the CELL NUCLEUS in response to INTERFERON signaling. It consists of ISGF3-GAMMA and ISGF3-ALPHA, and it regulates expression of many interferon-responsive GENES.


Clathrin Heavy Chains
Clathrin Heavy Chain


Matrix Metalloproteinase-2
MMP-2 Metalloproteinase
MMP2 Metalloproteinase
72-kDa Gelatinase
Matrix Metalloproteinase 2
72-kDa Type IV Collagenase
Gelatinase A

A secreted endopeptidase homologous with INTERSTITIAL COLLAGENASE, but which possesses an additional fibronectin-like domain.


Bromvaleton
(alpha-Bromoisovaleryl)urea
Bromisoval
Bromovalcarbamide
Sedes A
Bromovalerylurea
Bromyl
Bromisovalum
Bromoisovalerylurea

A sedative and mild hypnotic with potentially toxic effects.


Stearic Acids
Octadecanoic Acids
Tetrahydrolinoleic Acids
Dihydrooleic Acids

A group of compounds that are derivatives of octadecanoic acid which is one of the most abundant fatty acids found in animal lipids. (Stedman, 25th ed)


A chlorinated PROPANEDIOL with antifertility activity in males used as a chemosterilant in rodents.


Personal Health Records
Personal Health Information
Health Records, Personal
Personal Medical Records

Health data accessible to the patient and others.


A treatment modality in endodontics concerned with the therapy of diseases of the dental pulp. For preparatory procedures, ROOT CANAL PREPARATION is available.


NIMA-Related Kinases
NIMA Family Kinases
NEK Family Kinases
NEK Kinases
NIMA Protein Kinase
NIMA-Related Protein Kinase
Never-in-Mitosis A Kinases

A highly-conserved family of protein serine-threonine kinases that regulate the CELL CYCLE; MITOSIS; and the response to DNA DAMAGE. They are also involved in the assembly and function of microtubule-based structures such as CILIA and CENTRIOLES.


A species of gram-negative enterobacteria found in WATER; SEWAGE; SOIL; and FOOD. It can be present in any clinical specimen as an opportunistic pathogen.


A genus of fungi of the family Tricholomataceae, order AGARICALES. The commonly known SHIITAKE MUSHROOMS are Lentinula edodes (also seen as Lentinus edodes).


Pasteurella hemolytica
Mannheimia haemolytica
Pasteurella haemolytica

A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria normally commensal in the flora of CATTLE and SHEEP. But under conditions of physical or PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS, it can cause MASTITIS in sheep and SHIPPING FEVER or ENZOOTIC CALF PNEUMONIA in cattle. Its former name was Pasteurella haemolytica.


A bone morphogenetic protein that is found at high concentrations in a purified osteoinductive protein fraction from BONE. Bone morphogenetic protein 3 is referred to as osteogenin, however it may play a role in variety of developmental processes.


Histamine H1 Antagonists, Non-Sedating
H1 Antihistamines, Non-Sedating
Third Generation H1 Antagonists
Second Generation H1 Antagonists
Second Generation Antihistamines

Active enantiomers and selective derivatives of second generation H1 antagonists.


An organochlorine pesticide, it is the ethylene metabolite of DDT.


Unilateral Macrocephaly
Hemimegalencephaly
Unilateral Megalencephaly

Rare MALFORMATIONS OF CORTICAL DEVELOPMENT, GROUP I characterized by the enlargement of one side of the brain. It is associated with seizures, partial paralysis, and mental retardation.


Hemolysins
Hemolysin Proteins
Hemalysins

Proteins from BACTERIA and FUNGI that are soluble enough to be secreted to target ERYTHROCYTES and insert into the membrane to form beta-barrel pores. Biosynthesis may be regulated by HEMOLYSIN FACTORS.


Individuals who are present as a third party during medical encounters such as physical examination by a healthcare professional of an individual of the opposite sex.


Transplantation, Corneal
Keratoplasty, Lamellar
Grafting, Corneal
Corneal Transplantation
Keratoplasty
Cornea Transplantation
Transplantation, Cornea

Partial or total replacement of the CORNEA from one human or animal to another.


Peroxisomal Biogenesis Factor 2
Peroxisomal Membrane Protein 35
Peroxin-2
Peroxisome Assembly Factor-1
Peroxisome Biogenesis Factor 2
PMP35

A multi-pass transmembrane protein that contains a C-terminal RING finger domain. It localizes to the PEROXISOME membrane and is essential for peroxisome biogenesis. Mutations in the PEX2 gene are associated with ZELLWEGER SYNDROME and INFANTILE REFSUM DISEASE.


Denial, Psychology
Psychological Denial
Denial, Psychological

Refusal to admit the truth or reality of a situation or experience.


A plant genus of the family ARECACEAE that should not be confused with ACORUS CALAMUS.


Bacterial Adhesions
Adhesions, Bacterial
Adhesion, Bacterial
Bacterial Adhesion

Physicochemical property of fimbriated (FIMBRIAE, BACTERIAL) and non-fimbriated bacteria of attaching to cells, tissue, and nonbiological surfaces. It is a factor in bacterial colonization and pathogenicity.


Also called 4-hydroxy-3-iodo-5-nitrophenylacetate. A haptenic determinant that can be radiolabeled and used as salts and derivatives for investigations of immunogenic specificity studies.


Chemolysis, Intervertebral Disc
Chemolysis, Intervertebral Disk
Chemonucleolysis
Intervertebral Disc Chemolysis
Nucleolysis, Intervertebral Disc
Intervertebral Disk Chemolysis
Nucleolysis, Intervertebral Disk
Discolysis

The dissolving of the NUCLEUS PULPOSUS, the semi-gelatinous tissue of a displaced INTERVERTEBRAL DISC. It is usually achieved by the direct injection of a proteolytic enzyme, especially CHYMOPAPAIN, into the herniated disc.


Adaptation to a new environment or to a change in the old.


Pectin Depolymerase
Polygalacturonase
Endopolygalacturonase
Pectinase

A cell wall-degrading enzyme found in microorganisms and higher plants. It catalyzes the random hydrolysis of 1,4-alpha-D-galactosiduronic linkages in pectate and other galacturonans. EC 3.2.1.15.


Vocational Rehabilitation
Rehabilitation, Vocational

Training of the mentally or physically disabled in work skills so they may be returned to regular employment utilizing these skills.


Round Ligament of Liver
Ligamentum Teres Hepatis
Hepatic Round Ligament

A cord-like remnant structure formed from the closed left fetal UMBILICAL VEIN. It is located along the lower edge of the falciform ligament.


Lateral Gray Column
Spinal Cord Lateral Horn
Intermediolateral Nucleus
Intermediolateral Cell Column

One of three central columns of the spinal cord. It is composed of GRAY MATTER and is located laterally in lamina VII.


An opening on the anterolateral aspect of the MANDIBLE through which the mental nerve bundle and vessels exit.


Non-photosynthetic plastids derived from RED ALGAE endosymbionts. They are found in species of the phylum APICOMPLEXA including PLASMODIUM MALARAIAE.


Alcohol-Induced Persisting Amnestic Disorder

A mental disorder associated with chronic ethanol abuse (ALCOHOLISM) and nutritional deficiencies characterized by short term memory loss, confabulations, and disturbances of attention. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1139)


Marie-Struempell Disease
Bechterew Disease
Rheumatoid Spondylitis
Spondyloarthritis Ankylopoietica
Spondylarthritis Ankylopoietica
Ankylosing Spondylarthritis
Ankylosing Spondyloarthritis
Spondylitis, Ankylosing
Ankylosing Spondylitis
Spondylitis Ankylopoietica
Bechterew's Disease

A chronic inflammatory condition affecting the axial joints, such as the SACROILIAC JOINT and other intervertebral or costovertebral joints. It occurs predominantly in young males and is characterized by pain and stiffness of joints (ANKYLOSIS) with inflammation at tendon insertions.


Perforin
Lymphocyte Pore-Forming Protein
Perforin 1
Cytolysin

A calcium-dependent pore-forming protein synthesized in cytolytic LYMPHOCYTES and sequestered in secretory granules. Upon immunological reaction between a cytolytic lymphocyte and a target cell, perforin is released at the plasma membrane and polymerizes into transmembrane tubules (forming pores) which lead to death of a target cell.


Retinal Vessels
Retinal Vasculature
Retinal Blood Vessels
Pecten Oculi

The blood vessels which supply and drain the RETINA.


Atherectomy, Coronary
Rotational Atherectomy
Directional Coronary Atherectomy
Coronary Atherectomy

Percutaneous transluminal procedure for removing atheromatous plaque from the coronary arteries. Both directional (for removing focal atheromas) and rotational (for removing concentric atheromatous plaque) atherectomy devices have been used.


RNA, Non-Peptide-Coding
Noncoding RNA
RNA, Nontranslated
RNA, Noncoding
RNA, Non-Coding
npcRNA
RNA, Untranslated
RNA, Non-Protein-Coding

RNA which does not code for protein but has some enzymatic, structural or regulatory function. Although ribosomal RNA (RNA, RIBOSOMAL) and transfer RNA (RNA, TRANSFER) are also untranslated RNAs they are not included in this scope.


Neuroepithelial Neoplasms
Gliomatosis Cerebri
Spongioblastoma, Polar
Ependymoastrocytoma
Neuroepithelial Tumors
Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial
Astroblastoma

Neoplasms composed of neuroepithelial cells, which have the capacity to differentiate into NEURONS, oligodendrocytes, and ASTROCYTES. The majority of craniospinal tumors are of neuroepithelial origin. (From Dev Biol 1998 Aug 1;200(1):1-5)


A cytochrome oxidase inhibitor which is a nitridizing agent and an inhibitor of terminal oxidation. (From Merck Index, 12th ed)


Receptors, Prostaglandin
Prostaglandin Receptor
Prostaglandin Receptors
Receptors, Prostaglandins
Receptor, Prostaglandin

Cell surface receptors that bind prostaglandins with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behavior of cells. Prostaglandin receptor subtypes have been tentatively named according to their relative affinities for the endogenous prostaglandins. They include those which prefer prostaglandin D2 (DP receptors), prostaglandin E2 (EP1, EP2, and EP3 receptors), prostaglandin F2-alpha (FP receptors), and prostacyclin (IP receptors).


Agents which are destructive to amebae, especially the parasitic species causing AMEBIASIS in man and animal.


Cranial Fossa, Middle
Middle Cranial Fossa

The compartment containing the anterior extremities and half the inferior surface of the temporal lobes (TEMPORAL LOBE) of the cerebral hemispheres. Lying posterior and inferior to the anterior cranial fossa (CRANIAL FOSSA, ANTERIOR), it is formed by part of the TEMPORAL BONE and SPHENOID BONE. It is separated from the posterior cranial fossa (CRANIAL FOSSA, POSTERIOR) by crests formed by the superior borders of the petrous parts of the temporal bones.


A plant genus of the family BORAGINACEAE.


Insulin B Chain
Iletin
Sodium Insulin
Soluble Insulin
Novolin
Insulin A Chain
Insulin
Insulin, Regular

A 51-amino acid pancreatic hormone that plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, directly by suppressing endogenous glucose production (GLYCOGENOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS) and indirectly by suppressing GLUCAGON secretion and LIPOLYSIS. Native insulin is a globular protein comprised of a zinc-coordinated hexamer. Each insulin monomer containing two chains, A (21 residues) and B (30 residues), linked by two disulfide bonds. Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1).


Na(+)-H(+)-Exchangers
Sodium-Hydrogen Antiporter
Sodium-Proton Antiporter
SLC9 Protein Family
Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers
Na(+)-H(+)-Exchanger
Na(+)-H(+)-Antiporter
Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger
Solute Carrier 9 Protein Family
Sodium-Proton Antiporters
SLC9 Proteins
Na(+)-H(+)-Antiporters
Solute Carrier 9 Proteins
SLC9-NHE Protein Family
SLC9 Na(+)-H(+) Exchangers
Sodium-Hydrogen Antiporters

A family of plasma membrane exchange glycoprotein antiporters that transport sodium ions and protons across lipid bilayers. They have critical functions in intracellular pH regulation, cell volume regulation, and cellular response to many different hormones and mitogens.


The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.


Natural Cytotoxicity Triggering Receptor 2

A 44-kD stimulatory receptor found on activated NATURAL KILLER CELLS. It has specificity for VIRAL HEMAGGLUTININS that are expressed on infected cells.


Pharyngeal Diseases
Pharynx Diseases
Diseases of Pharynx

Pathological processes involving the PHARYNX.


Tricellulin
MARVEL Domain Containing 2 Protein
MARVELD2 Protein

A tight junction-associated MARVEL protein that may play a role in separating the endolymphatic and perilymphatic spaces of the ORGAN OF CORTI. Defects in the gene that codes for MARVELD2 protein are a cause of deafness autosomal recessive type 49.


Compilations of data on hospital activities and programs; excludes patient medical records.


A plant genus of the family RANUNCULACEAE. Members contain cernuosides and other oleanane and hederagenin saponins.


Bacteriophage P2
Coliphage P2
P2 Phage
Phage P2
Enterobacteria phage P2

A species of temperate bacteriophage in the genus P2-like viruses, family MYOVIRIDAE, which infects E. coli. It consists of linear double-stranded DNA with 19-base sticky ends.


DNA sequences encoding RIBOSOMAL RNA and the segments of DNA separating the individual ribosomal RNA genes, referred to as RIBOSOMAL SPACER DNA.


Chlamydomonas reinhardii
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

A species of GREEN ALGAE. Delicate, hairlike appendages arise from the flagellar surface in these organisms.


Acute inflammation of the intestine associated with infectious DIARRHEA of various etiologies, generally acquired by eating contaminated food containing TOXINS, BIOLOGICAL derived from BACTERIA or other microorganisms. Dysentery is characterized initially by watery FECES then by bloody mucoid stools. It is often associated with ABDOMINAL PAIN; FEVER; and DEHYDRATION.


An articulation between the condyle of the mandible and the articular tubercle of the temporal bone.


Pyruvaldehyde
Acetylformaldehyde
Methylglyoxal
Oxopropanal
Pyruvic Aldehyde

An organic compound used often as a reagent in organic synthesis, as a flavoring agent, and in tanning. It has been demonstrated as an intermediate in the metabolism of acetone and its derivatives in isolated cell preparations, in various culture media, and in vivo in certain animals.


MMP3 Metalloproteinase
Matrix Metalloproteinase 3
Stromelysin
Stromelysin 1
Transin
MMP-3 Metalloproteinase

An extracellular endopeptidase of vertebrate tissues similar to MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE 1. It digests PROTEOGLYCAN; FIBRONECTIN; COLLAGEN types III, IV, V, and IX, and activates procollagenase. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992)


Intestinal Absorption
Absorption, Intestinal

Uptake of substances through the lining of the INTESTINES.


Blood Coagulation Factor II
Coagulation Factor II
Prothrombin
Factor II
Differentiation Reversal Factor

A plasma protein that is the inactive precursor of thrombin. It is converted to thrombin by a prothrombin activator complex consisting of factor Xa, factor V, phospholipid, and calcium ions. Deficiency of prothrombin leads to hypoprothrombinemia.


Corneal Endothelial Cell Loss
Corneal Endothelial Cell Damage
Endothelial Cell Loss, Corneal

Loss of CORNEAL ENDOTHELIUM usually following intraocular surgery (e.g., cataract surgery) or due to FUCHS' ENDOTHELIAL DYSTROPHY; ANGLE-CLOSURE GLAUCOMA; IRITIS; or aging.


Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
Antibodies, Humanized

Antibodies from non-human species whose protein sequences have been modified to make them nearly identical with human antibodies. If the constant region and part of the variable region are replaced, they are called humanized. If only the constant region is modified they are called chimeric. INN names for humanized antibodies end in -zumab.


A cysteine endopeptidase found in NATURAL KILLER CELLS and CYTOTOXIC T-LYMPHOCYTES. It may have a specific function in the mechanism or regulation of cytolytic activity of immune cells.


Investigational Drugs
Investigational New Drugs
Drugs, Investigational

Drugs which have received FDA approval for human testing but have yet to be approved for commercial marketing. This includes drugs used for treatment while they still are undergoing clinical trials (Treatment IND). The main heading includes drugs under investigation in foreign countries.


Habronemiasis
Spirurida Infections
Infections, Spirurida

Infections with nematodes of the order SPIRURIDA.


Hypertension, Essential
Essential Hypertension

Hypertension that occurs without known cause, or preexisting renal disease. Associated polymorphisms for a number of genes have been identified, including AGT, GNB3, and ECE1. OMIM: 145500


Myxoid Liposarcoma
Liposarcoma, Myxoid
Round Cell Liposarcoma

A liposarcoma containing round mesenchymal cells and a myxoid extracellular matrix in stroma.


Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae Infection
Pneumonia, Primary Atypical
Mycoplasma dispar Infection
Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection
Mycoplasma Pneumonia
Pneumonia, Mycoplasma

Interstitial pneumonia caused by extensive infection of the lungs (LUNG) and BRONCHI, particularly the lower lobes of the lungs, by MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIAE in humans. In SHEEP, it is caused by MYCOPLASMA OVIPNEUMONIAE. In CATTLE, it may be caused by MYCOPLASMA DISPAR.