Piezo-Electric Bone Surgery
Piezo-Electric Surgery
Piezosurgery

The use of HIGH-ENERGY SHOCK WAVES, in the frequency range of 20-30 kHz, to cut through mineralized tissue.


Ultrasonography, Breast
Mammary Ultrasonography
Ultrasonography, Mammary
Ultrasound Mammography
Ultrasonic Mammography
Mammography, Ultrasound
Breast Ultrasonography
Mammography, Ultrasonic

Use of ultrasound for imaging the breast. The most frequent application is the diagnosis of neoplasms of the female breast.


Dental Health Education
Health Education, Dental
Education, Dental Health

Education which increases the awareness and favorably influences the attitudes and knowledge relating to the improvement of dental health on a personal or community basis.


Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein SP-B

Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein B

SP-B Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein

A pulmonary surfactant associated-protein that plays an essential role in alveolar stability by lowering the surface tension at the air-liquid interface. Inherited deficiency of pulmonary surfactant-associated protein B is one cause of RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME, NEWBORN.


o-Hydroxybenzoic Acid
ortho-Hydroxybenzoic Acid
Salicylic Acid
2-Hydroxybenzoic Acid

A compound obtained from the bark of the white willow and wintergreen leaves. It has bacteriostatic, fungicidal, and keratolytic actions.


Hyperargininemia
ARG1 Deficiency
Deficiency Disease, Arginase
Arginase Deficiency
Arginase Deficiency Disease
Argininemia

A rare autosomal recessive disorder of the urea cycle. It is caused by a deficiency of the hepatic enzyme ARGINASE. Arginine is elevated in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid, and periodic HYPERAMMONEMIA may occur. Disease onset is usually in infancy or early childhood. Clinical manifestations include seizures, microcephaly, progressive mental impairment, hypotonia, ataxia, spastic diplegia, and quadriparesis. (From Hum Genet 1993 Mar;91(1):1-5; Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p51)


Provatene
Betacarotene
BellaCarotin
Solatene
Vetoron
Max-Caro
beta-Carotene
Carotaben
beta Carotene

A carotenoid that is a precursor of VITAMIN A. Beta carotene is administered to reduce the severity of photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (PORPHYRIA, ERYTHROPOIETIC).


G-Proteins
Guanine Nucleotide Regulatory Proteins
GTP-Regulatory Protein
GTP-Binding Protein
G-Protein
GTP-Binding Proteins
Guanine Nucleotide Coupling Protein
GTP-Regulatory Proteins

Regulatory proteins that act as molecular switches. They control a wide range of biological processes including: receptor signaling, intracellular signal transduction pathways, and protein synthesis. Their activity is regulated by factors that control their ability to bind to and hydrolyze GTP to GDP. EC 3.6.1.-.


A species of the true toads, Bufonidae, widely distributed in the United States and Europe.


Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group I, Member 2

Steroid receptor that binds and is activated by variety of endogenous compounds and XENOBIOTICS. It binds the response element in promoters of  genes that encode CYTOCHROME P450 3A4 and ATP BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTER, SUBFAMILY B, MEMBER 1 proteins, and also activates the transcription of multiple genes involved in the metabolism and secretion of potentially harmful xenobiotics, drugs, and endogenous compounds. It is activated by the antibiotic RIFAMPICIN and various plant metabolites, such as hyperforin, guggulipid, colupulone, and ISOFLAVONES.


Birth Control
Contraceptive Methods
Male Contraception
Fertility Control
Inhibition of Fertilization
Female Contraception
Contraception

Prevention of CONCEPTION by blocking fertility temporarily, or permanently (STERILIZATION, REPRODUCTIVE). Common means of reversible contraception include NATURAL FAMILY PLANNING METHODS; CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS; or CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES.


Snake Bites
Snakebites
Snake Envenomation

Bites by snakes. Bite by a venomous snake is characterized by stinging pain at the wound puncture. The venom injected at the site of the bite is capable of producing a deleterious effect on the blood or on the nervous system. (Webster's 3d ed; from Dorland, 27th ed, at snake, venomous)


Undifferentiated Connective Tissue Diseases

Diseases that exhibit signs and symptoms suggestive of a connective tissue disease that do not fulfill clinical or diagnostic criteria for any one defined disease but overlap with criteria of multiple such diseases. Commonly overlapping diseases include systemic autoimmune connective tissue diseases such as RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS; and SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS.


A synthetic progestational dihydroxy derivative of PROGESTERONE. Its acetonide possesses anti-inflammatory properties.


Hypodermoclysis
Subcutaneous Hydration
Subcutaneous Fluid Administration

Technique for treating DEHYDRATION and WATER-ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCE by subcutaneous infusion of REHYDRATION SOLUTIONS.


Chromatography, Thin Layer
Chromatography, Thin-Layer
Thin Layer Chromatography

Chromatography on thin layers of adsorbents rather than in columns. The adsorbent can be alumina, silica gel, silicates, charcoals, or cellulose. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)


A potent liver poison. In rats, bromotrichloromethane produces about three times the degree of liver microsomal lipid peroxidation as does carbon tetrachloride.


An androstadiene derivative corticosteroid that is used as an ANTI-ALLERGIC AGENT for the treatment of inflammatory and allergic eye conditions.


Computer-assisted mathematical calculations of beam angles, intensities of radiation, and duration of irradiation in radiotherapy.


Macrophage Inflammatory Protein 2
CXCL2 Chemokine
Chemokine CXCL2
Chemokine (C-X-C Motif) Ligand 2
LDNCF-2
MIP-2alpha
Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-2alpha
MIP-2 Chemokine
MIP2alpha

A CXC chemokine that is synthesized by activated MONOCYTES and NEUTROPHILS. It has specificity for CXCR2 RECEPTORS.


Multiple Carboxylase Deficiency
Deficiency, Combined Carboxylase
Carboxylase Deficiency, Combined
Deficiency, Multiple Carboxylase
Carboxylase Deficiency, Multiple
Combined Carboxylase Deficiency

A deficiency in the activities of biotin-dependent enzymes (propionyl-CoA carboxylase, methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase, and PYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE) due to one of two defects in BIOTIN metabolism. The neonatal form is due to HOLOCARBOXYLASE SYNTHETASE DEFICIENCY. The late-onset form is due to BIOTINIDASE DEFICIENCY.


Trimetox Sulfamerazine Mebacid Methylsulfadiazine

A sulfanilamide that is used as an antibacterial agent.


Cranial Nerve Palsies
Neuropathies, Cranial
Cranial Neuropathies, Multiple
Cranial Nerve Disorders
Nervus Cranialis Disorders
Cranial Nerve Diseases
Cranial Neuropathies

Disorders of one or more of the twelve cranial nerves. With the exception of the optic and olfactory nerves, this includes disorders of the brain stem nuclei from which the cranial nerves originate or terminate.


Dehydratases
Hydrases
Hydro-Lyases
Hydro Lyases

Enzymes that catalyze the breakage of a carbon-oxygen bond leading to unsaturated products via the removal of water. EC 4.2.1.


Bitter-Cucumber
Citrullus colocynthis
Bitter-Apple
Colocynth

A plant species of the family CUCURBITACEAE distributed tropically and subtropically mainly in North Africa and Asia. It is a medicinal plant of TRADITIONAL MEDICINE and well known in ancient medicine as the wild gourd.


A rare amino acid found in elastin, formed by condensation of four molecules of lysine into a pyridinium ring.


Atrioventricular Node
A-V Node
AV Node
Atrio-Ventricular Node

A small nodular mass of specialized muscle fibers located in the interatrial septum near the opening of the coronary sinus. It gives rise to the atrioventricular bundle of the conduction system of the heart.


Sequences, Amino Acid
Amino Acid Sequences
Sequence, Amino Acid
Protein Structure, Primary
Amino Acid Sequence

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.


Receptors, Biogenic Amines
Biogenic Amine Receptor
Biogenic Amine Receptors
Biogenic Amines Receptors
Receptors, Biogenic Amine

Cell surface proteins that bind biogenic amines with high affinity and regulate intracellular signals which influence the behavior of cells. Biogenic amine is a chemically imprecise term which, by convention, includes the catecholamines epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine, the indoleamine serotonin, the imidazolamine histamine, and compounds closely related to each of these.


United States Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (U.S.)

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, U.S.

Health Care Financing Administration (U.S.)

United States Health Care Financing Administration

Health Care Financing Administration, U.S.

A component of the Department of Health and Human Services to oversee and direct the Medicare and Medicaid programs and related Federal medical care quality control staffs. Name was changed effective June 14, 2001.


Epithelium, Retinal Pigment
Retinal Pigment Epithelium

The single layer of pigment-containing epithelial cells in the RETINA, situated closely to the tips (outer segments) of the RETINAL PHOTORECEPTOR CELLS. These epithelial cells are macroglia that perform essential functions for the photoreceptor cells, such as in nutrient transport, phagocytosis of the shed photoreceptor membranes, and ensuring retinal attachment.


Solute Carrier Family 22 (Organic Cation Transporter), Member 1

An organic cation transporter found in kidney. It is localized to the basal lateral membrane and is likely to be involved in the renal secretion of organic cations.


Marchiafava-Bignami Syndrome
Marchiafava-Bignami Disease

A neurodegenerative condition that is characterized by demyelination or necrosis of the CORPUS CALLOSUM. Symptoms include DEPRESSION; PARANOIA; DEMENTIA; SEIZURES; and ATAXIA which can progress to COMA and death in a few months. Marchiafava-Bignami syndrome is seen often in alcoholics but has been found in non-alcoholics as well.


The invasion of living tissues of man and other mammals by dipterous larvae.


SUDEP
Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy

Sudden death in a patient with EPILEPSY associated with SEIZURES and seizure-related symptoms (e.g., APNEA; HYPOXEMIA) without other identifiable accidental causes (e.g., DROWNING; WOUNDS AND INJURIES).


Dehydrogesterone
6-Dehydro-9 beta-10 alpha-progesterone
Isopregnenone
Dydrogesterone
Duphaston

A synthetic progestational hormone with no androgenic or estrogenic properties. Unlike many other progestational compounds, dydrogesterone produces no increase in temperature and does not inhibit OVULATION.


A concept, developed in 1983 under the aegis of and supported by the National Library of Medicine under the name of Integrated Academic Information Management Systems, to provide professionals in academic health sciences centers and health sciences institutions with convenient access to an integrated and comprehensive network of knowledge. It addresses a wide cross-section of users from administrators and faculty to students and clinicians and has applications to planning, clinical and managerial decision-making, teaching, and research. It provides access to various types of clinical, management, educational, etc., databases, as well as to research and bibliographic databases. In August 1992 the name was changed from Integrated Academic Information Management Systems to Integrated Advanced Information Management Systems to reflect use beyond the academic milieu.


Polyomavirus Enhancer Binding Protein 2, Alpha Subunit

Polyomavirus Enhancer A Binding Protein 2

A family of transcription factors that bind to the cofactor CORE BINDING FACTOR BETA SUBUNIT to form core binding factor. Family members contain a highly conserved DNA-binding domain known as the runt domain. They can act as both activators and repressors of expression of GENES involved in CELL DIFFERENTIATION and CELL CYCLE progression.


Mycoses
Fungal Infections
Fungus Infections
Fungus Diseases
Fungal Diseases


X-Linked Genetic Diseases
Genetic Diseases, X-Chromosome Linked
Genetic Diseases, X-Linked

Genetic diseases that are linked to gene mutations on the X CHROMOSOME in humans (X CHROMOSOME, HUMAN) or the X CHROMOSOME in other species. Included here are animal models of human X-linked diseases.


Subarachnoid Pressure
Intracranial Pressure
Intracerebral Pressure

Pressure within the cranial cavity. It is influenced by brain mass, the circulatory system, CSF dynamics, and skull rigidity.


Telepaque
Cholevid
Iopanoic Acid
Iopagnost
Polognost
Iodopanoic Acid

Radiopaque medium used as diagnostic aid.


Vitamin B12-Dependent Methionine Synthase

Vitamin B12-Independent Methionine Synthase

An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of methionine by transfer of a methyl group from 5-methyltetrahydrofolate to homocysteine. It requires a cobamide coenzyme. The enzyme can act on mono- or triglutamate derivatives. EC 2.1.1.13.


Blennorrhea, Inclusion
Conjunctivitis, Inclusion

An infection of the eyes characterized by the presence in conjunctival epithelial cells of inclusion bodies indistinguishable from those of trachoma. It is acquired by infants during birth and by adults from swimming pools. The etiological agent is CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS whose natural habitat appears to be the genito-urinary tract. Inclusion conjunctivitis is a less severe disease than trachoma and usually clears up spontaneously.


Prostatic Steroid-Binding Protein
Prostatein

A secreted prostate-specific protein which can bind non-polar steroids, cholesterol and a group of small, proline-rich peptides. The protein is specifically found in RATS and comprises three distinct secretoglobin-related subunits referred to as prostatic steroid-binding protein C1, C2 and C3.


A nicotinic antagonist that has been used as a ganglionic blocker in hypertension, as an adjunct to anesthesia, and to induce hypotension during surgery.


HLA Class I Histocompatibility Antigen, B-44 alpha Chain

A specific HLA-B surface antigen subtype. Members of this subtype contain alpha chains that are encoded by the HLA-B*44 allele family.


A perceived attribute that is deeply discrediting and is considered to be a violation of social norms.


3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid Oxygenase
3-Hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-Dioxygenase
3-HAA Oxygenase

An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 3-hydroxyanthranilate to 2-amino-3-carboxymuconate semialdehyde. It was formerly characterized as EC 1.13.1.6.


Aqueous Humor
Intraocular Fluid
Aqueous Flare

The clear, watery fluid which fills the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye. It has a refractive index lower than the crystalline lens, which it surrounds, and is involved in the metabolism of the cornea and the crystalline lens. (Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed, p319)


A claudin subtype that takes part in maintaining the barrier-forming property of TIGHT JUNCTIONS. Claudin-4 is found associated with CLAUDIN-8 in the KIDNEY COLLECTING DUCT where it may play a role in paracellular chloride ion reabsorption.


Hetrazan
Diethylcarbamazine Citrate
Diethylcarbamazine Citrate (1:1)
Diethylcarbamazine Citrate (1:2)
Diethylcarbamazine Monohydrochloride
Diethylcarbamazine Maleate
Diethylcarbamazine Phosphate (1:1)
Diethylcarbamazine L-Tartrate (1:1)
Loxuran
Diethylcarbamazine
Carbamazine
Notezine

An anthelmintic used primarily as the citrate in the treatment of filariasis, particularly infestations with Wucheria bancrofti or Loa loa.


Endoscopes for examining the pleural cavity.


The act of taking solids and liquids into the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT through the mouth and throat.


Adrenocortical Carcinoma
Carcinoma, Adrenocortical
Carcinoma, Adrenal Cortical

A malignant neoplasm of the ADRENAL CORTEX. Adrenocortical carcinomas are unencapsulated anaplastic (ANAPLASIA) masses sometimes exceeding 20 cm or 200 g. They are more likely to be functional than nonfunctional, and produce ADRENAL CORTEX HORMONES that may result in hypercortisolism (CUSHING SYNDROME); HYPERALDOSTERONISM; and/or VIRILISM.


Lectin purified from peanuts (ARACHIS HYPOGAEA). It binds to poorly differentiated cells and terminally differentiated cells and is used in cell separation techniques.


Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-erbA
c-erbA Proteins
c-erbA alpha Protein
c-erb A Proteins
c-erbA-1 Protein
Thyroid Hormone Receptor alpha-2
c-erbA alpha
ERBA1 Gene Products
c-erbA Protein
Receptors alpha, Thyroid Hormone
NR1A1 Gene Products
erbA Proto-Oncogene Products
c-erb A Protein
Thyroid Hormone Receptors alpha
THRA Gene Products
Thyroid Hormone Receptor alpha-1

An isoform produced by alternative splicing.


Barrier Contraception
Barrier Methods, Contraceptive
Vaginal Barrier Methods, Contraceptive
Contraception, Barrier

Methods of contraception in which physical, chemical, or biological means are used to prevent the SPERM from reaching the fertilizable OVUM.


Silicon polymers that contain alternate silicon and oxygen atoms in linear or cyclic molecular structures.


A clinical manifestation of HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA, characterized by the yellowish staining of the SKIN; MUCOUS MEMBRANE; and SCLERA. Clinical jaundice usually is a sign of LIVER dysfunction.


Therapeutic Fungicides
Fungicides, Therapeutic
Antifungal Agents
Antibiotics, Antifungal

Antibiotics inhibiting the growth of or killing fungi and used in the treatment of various fungal diseases.


Luciferases, Renilla
Luciferases, Sea Pansy
Renilla Luciferases

Luciferases from RENILLA that oxidizes certain LUMINESCENT AGENTS to cause emission of PHOTONS.


Bartonella quintana Infection
Trench Fever

An intermittent fever characterized by intervals of chills, fever, and splenomegaly each of which may last as long as 40 hours. It is caused by BARTONELLA QUINTANA and transmitted by the human louse.


Vascular Injuries
Vascular System Injuries

Injuries to blood vessels caused by laceration, contusion, puncture, or crush and other types of injuries. Symptoms vary by site and mode of injuries and may include bleeding, bruising, swelling, pain, and numbness. It does not include injuries secondary to pathologic function or diseases such as ATHEROSCLEROSIS.


Inosine Pyrophosphate
Inosine Diphosphate
IDP
Riboxin
Riboxine

An inosine nucleotide containing a pyrophosphate group esterified to C5 of the sugar moiety.


A hexosaminidase with specificity for terminal non-reducing N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residues in N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminides.


Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15
Chromosome 15

A specific pair of GROUP D CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.


Histone H1 Kinase, M-Phase-Specific
Mitosis-Promoting Factor
Maturation-Promoting Factor
Histone H1 Kinase, Growth-Associated
M Phase-Promoting Factor

Protein kinase that drives both the mitotic and meiotic cycles in all eukaryotic organisms. In meiosis it induces immature oocytes to undergo meiotic maturation. In mitosis it has a role in the G2/M phase transition. Once activated by CYCLINS; MPF directly phosphorylates some of the proteins involved in nuclear envelope breakdown, chromosome condensation, spindle assembly, and the degradation of cyclins. The catalytic subunit of MPF is PROTEIN P34CDC2.


Genes, T-Cell Receptor beta
TcR beta Genes
T-Cell Receptor beta Genes
T-Cell Receptor beta-Chain Genes

DNA sequences encoding the beta chain of the T-cell receptor. The genomic organization of the TcR beta genes is essentially the same in all species and is similar to the organization of Ig genes.


Heterogeneity, Genetic
Genetic Heterogeneity

The presence of apparently similar characters for which the genetic evidence indicates that different genes or different genetic mechanisms are involved in different pedigrees. In clinical settings genetic heterogeneity refers to the presence of a variety of genetic defects which cause the same disease, often due to mutations at different loci on the same gene, a finding common to many human diseases including ALZHEIMER DISEASE; CYSTIC FIBROSIS; LIPOPROTEIN LIPASE DEFICIENCY, FAMILIAL; and POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASES. (Rieger, et al., Glossary of Genetics: Classical and Molecular, 5th ed; Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)


Proinsulin Convertase 1
Proprotein Convertase 1
Neuroendocrine Convertase PC1
Prohormone Convertase 1
Proprotein Convertase SPC3
PC3 Endoprotease
Prohormone Convertase, PC1
PC3 Prohormone Convertase
PC1 Prohormone Convertase
Prohormone Convertase 3
PC1 Endoprotease

A CALCIUM-dependent endopeptidase that has specificity for cleavage at ARGININE that is near paired basic residues. It cleaves a variety of prohormones including PRO-OPIOMELANOCORTIN; PRORENIN; proenkephalins; prodynorphin; prosomatostatin; and PROINSULIN.


Veterans Health Services
Veterans Health Service

Services organized for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and maintenance of health primarily of VETERANS.


Receptors, GABA
GABA Receptor
Receptors, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
GABA Receptors
gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Receptors
gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Receptor

Cell-surface proteins that bind GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID with high affinity and trigger changes that influence the behavior of cells. GABA-A receptors control chloride channels formed by the receptor complex itself. They are blocked by bicuculline and usually have modulatory sites sensitive to benzodiazepines and barbiturates. GABA-B receptors act through G-proteins on several effector systems, are insensitive to bicuculline, and have a high affinity for L-baclofen.


Equinovarus
Clubfoot, Congenital
Clubfeet
Clubfoot
Clubfeet, Congenital
Congenital Talipes Equinovarus
Talipes Equinovarus
Pie Torcido

A deformed foot in which the foot is plantarflexed, inverted, and adducted.


Kingella kingae
Kingella kingii
Moraxella kingii
Moraxella kingae

A species of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria which is distinguished from other members of the genus KINGELLA by its beta hemolysis. It occurs normally in human mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract, but can cause septic arthritis and endocarditis. (From Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 9th ed)


Vasodilators
Vasorelaxants
Vasodilator Drugs
Vasodilator Agents
Vasoactive Antagonists

Drugs used to cause dilation of the blood vessels.


DNA Polymerase alpha Holoenzyme-associated Protein P1

Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 3

A minichromosome maintenance protein that is a key component of the six member MCM protein complex. It contains a NUCLEAR LOCALIZATION SIGNAL, which provide targeting of the protein complex. In addition, acetylation of this protein may play a role in regulating of DNA replication and cell cycle progression.


Paraganglioma, Gangliocytic
Paragangliomata
Paraganglioma
Paragangliomas, Familial, 1
Paragangliomas 1

A neural crest tumor usually derived from the chromoreceptor tissue of a paraganglion, such as the carotid body, or medulla of the adrenal gland (usually called a chromaffinoma or pheochromocytoma). It is more common in women than in men. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)


Medical Record Linkage
Record Linkage, Medical

The creation and maintenance of medical and vital records in multiple institutions in a manner that will facilitate the combined use of the records of identified individuals.


Delayed Onset Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

A class of traumatic stress disorders with symptoms that last more than one month.


Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Type 1
Diarrhea Virus 1, Bovine Viral
BVDV-1
BVDV Type 1
Bovine viral diarrhea virus 1
BVDV1

A species of PESTIVIRUS causing systemic infections (BOVINE VIRUS DIARRHEA-MUCOSAL DISEASE) in cattle and some other cloven-hoofed animals. There are several strains and two biotypes: cytopathic (rare) and non-cytopathic. Infections range from clinically inapparent to severe, but do not correlate with biotypes.


Non-ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction
NSTEMI
Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction

A myocardial infarction that does not produce elevations in the ST segments of the ELECTROCARDIOGRAM. ST segment elevation of the ECG is often used in determining the treatment protocol (see also ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction).


Drug-related movement disorder characterized by uncontrollable movements in certain muscles. It is associated with a long-term exposure to certain neuroleptic medications (e.g., METOCLOPRAMIDE).


Disorders of the AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM occurring as a primary condition. Manifestations can involve any or all body systems but commonly affect the BLOOD PRESSURE and HEART RATE.


L-Tyrosine
Tyrosine
para-Tyrosine
Tyrosine, L-isomer

A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.


Human T-lymphotropic Virus 1 Infection
Human T-lymphotropic Virus 1 Infections
Infections, HTLV-I
HTLV-I Infections

Diseases caused by HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS 1.


Acampomelic Campomelic Dysplasia
Cmpd1 Sra1
Campomelic Dysplasia
Campomelic Dwarfism
Camptomelic Dysplasia
Campomelic Syndrome

A rarer variant of campomelic dysplasia. The characteristics match campomelic dysplasia except that long bone curvature is not present (acampomelia).


Aromatic Amino Acid Decarboxylases
Hydroxytryptophan Decarboxylase
5-Hydroxytryptophan Decarboxylase
Amino Acid Decarboxylases, Aromatic
Aromatic-L-Amino-Acid Decarboxylase
5-HTPase
Tryptophan Decarboxylase
Aromatic-L-Amino-Acid Decarboxylases

An enzyme group with broad specificity. The enzymes decarboxylate a range of aromatic amino acids including dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA DECARBOXYLASE); TRYPTOPHAN; and HYDROXYTRYPTOPHAN.


Planning Methodology
Planning Technic
Methodology, Planning
Planning Theories
Planning Techniques

Procedures, strategies, and theories of planning.


Neuromuscular Blockade
Neuromuscular Block

The intentional interruption of transmission at the NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION by external agents, usually neuromuscular blocking agents. It is distinguished from NERVE BLOCK in which nerve conduction (NEURAL CONDUCTION) is interrupted rather than neuromuscular transmission. Neuromuscular blockade is commonly used to produce MUSCLE RELAXATION as an adjunct to anesthesia during surgery and other medical procedures. It is also often used as an experimental manipulation in basic research. It is not strictly speaking anesthesia but is grouped here with anesthetic techniques. The failure of neuromuscular transmission as a result of pathological processes is not included here.


Vaccines used in conjunction with diagnostic tests to differentiate vaccinated animals from carrier animals. Marker vaccines can be either a subunit or a gene-deleted vaccine.


Scanning Electron Microscopy
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
Electron Scanning Microscopy

Microscopy in which the object is examined directly by an electron beam scanning the specimen point-by-point. The image is constructed by detecting the products of specimen interactions that are projected above the plane of the sample, such as backscattered electrons. Although SCANNING TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY also scans the specimen point by point with the electron beam, the image is constructed by detecting the electrons, or their interaction products that are transmitted through the sample plane, so that is a form of TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY.


A family of nocturnal rodents, similar in appearance to SQUIRRELS, but smaller. There are 28 species, half of which are found in Africa.


Bitewing Radiography
Radiography, Bitewing

Technique involving the passage of X-rays through oral structures to create a film record while a central tab or wing of dental X-ray film is being held between upper and lower teeth.


An inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA triggered by ALLERGENS.


Hyperextension injury to the neck, often the result of being struck from behind by a fast-moving vehicle, in an automobile accident. (From Segen, The Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)


Apoprotein (a)
Apolipoprotein Lp(a+)
Apolipoprotein Lp(a)
Apolipoprotein(a)
Apoprotein(a)
Antiangiogenic AK38 Protein
Apo Lp(a)
Apolipoprotein (a)

A large and highly glycosylated protein constituent of LIPOPROTEIN (A). It has very little affinity for lipids but forms disulfide-linkage to APOLIPOPROTEIN B-100. Apoprotein(a) has SERINE PROTEINASE activity and can be of varying sizes from 400- to 800-kDa. It is homologous to PLASMINOGEN and is known to modulate THROMBOSIS and FIBRINOLYSIS.


Acute INFLAMMATION in the INTESTINAL MUCOSA of the continent ileal reservoir (or pouch) in patients who have undergone ILEOSTOMY and restorative proctocolectomy (PROCTOCOLECTOMY, RESTORATIVE).


Gallus domesticus
Gallus gallus
Gallus gallus domesticus
Chickens

Common name for the species Gallus gallus, the domestic fowl, in the family Phasianidae, order GALLIFORMES. It is descended from the red jungle fowl of SOUTHEAST ASIA.


Plant Components, Aerial
Aerial Plant Components
Aerial Parts, Plant

The above-ground plant without the roots.


Peroxisomal Multifunctional Enzyme Type 2

A dimeric protein found in liver peroxisomes that plays an important role in FATTY ACID metabolism and steroid metabolism. The dimer is formed by cleavage of a single protein precursor and contains an enoyl-CoA hydratase-2 domain and a second domain that displays (S)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase and 17-beta-estradiol dehydrogenase activities. The enzyme is stereospecific with regards to arrangement of the substrate double bonds and position of the 3-hydroxy group of the reaction intermediate. It is complemented by PEROXISOMAL BIFUNCTIONAL ENZYME, which has the opposite reaction stereospecificity.


A natural tocopherol with less antioxidant activity than ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL. It exhibits antioxidant activity by virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus. As in BETA-TOCOPHEROL, it also has three methyl groups on the 6-chromanol nucleus but at different sites.


Sclerocystic Ovarian Degeneration
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
Sclerocystic Ovaries
Stein-Leventhal Syndrome
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Sclerocystic Ovary Syndrome
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome 1

A complex disorder characterized by infertility, HIRSUTISM; OBESITY; and various menstrual disturbances such as OLIGOMENORRHEA; AMENORRHEA; ANOVULATION. Polycystic ovary syndrome is usually associated with bilateral enlarged ovaries studded with atretic follicles, not with cysts. The term, polycystic ovary, is misleading.


Antihyperuricemics
Gout Suppressants
Antigout Agents

Agents that increase uric acid excretion by the kidney (URICOSURIC AGENTS), decrease uric acid production (antihyperuricemics), or alleviate the pain and inflammation of acute attacks of gout.


Immunodeficiency Diseases, X-Linked Combined

X-Linked Combined Immunodeficiency Diseases

Severe Combined Immunodeficiency, X-Linked, T Cell-Negative, B Cell-Positive, NK Cell-Negative

X-Linked Severe Combined Immunodeficiency

Severe Combined Immunodeficiency, X-Linked, T Cell Negative, B Cell Positive, NK Cell Negative

Forms of combined immunodeficiency caused by mutations in the gene for INTERLEUKIN RECEPTOR COMMON GAMMA SUBUNIT. Both severe and non-severe subtypes of the disease have been identified.


Bioenergetics
Energy Metabolism
Energy Expenditure

The chemical reactions involved in the production and utilization of various forms of energy in cells.


A disease of the scalp that may affect the glabrous skin and the nails and is recognized by the concave sulfur-yellow crusts that form around loose, wiry hairs. Atrophy ensues, leaving a smooth, glossy, thin, paper-white patch. This type of disease is rare in the United States and more frequently seen in the Middle East, Africa, Southeastern Europe, and other countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea. (Arnold, Odom, and James, Andrew's Diseases of the Skin, 8th ed, p319)


GM-CSF, IL-3, IL-5 Receptor Common beta-Chain

Interleukin-3, 5, GM-CSF Receptor beta Subunit

A receptor subunit that is a shared component of the INTERLEUKIN-3 RECEPTOR; the INTERLEUKIN-5 RECEPTOR; and the GM-CSF RECEPTOR. High affinity receptor complexes are formed with each of these receptors when their respective alpha subunits are combined with this shared beta subunit.


Hydrochloric acid present in GASTRIC JUICE.


Monocyte-Derived Macrophages
Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages
Macrophages, Monocyte-Derived
Macrophage
Macrophages

The relatively long-lived phagocytic cell of mammalian tissues that are derived from blood MONOCYTES. Main types are PERITONEAL MACROPHAGES; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; HISTIOCYTES; KUPFFER CELLS of the liver; and OSTEOCLASTS. They may further differentiate within chronic inflammatory lesions to EPITHELIOID CELLS or may fuse to form FOREIGN BODY GIANT CELLS or LANGHANS GIANT CELLS. (from The Dictionary of Cell Biology, Lackie and Dow, 3rd ed.)


Connexins
Gap Junction Protein
Gap Junction Proteins
Gap Junction Channel Proteins

A group of homologous proteins which form the intermembrane channels of GAP JUNCTIONS. The connexins are the products of an identified gene family which has both highly conserved and highly divergent regions. The variety contributes to the wide range of functional properties of gap junctions.


Solar Aging of Skin
Photoaging of Skin
Skin Wrinkling
Skin Aging

The process of aging due to changes in the structure and elasticity of the skin over time. It may be a part of physiological aging or it may be due to the effects of ultraviolet radiation, usually through exposure to sunlight.


The first and largest artery branching from the aortic arch. It distributes blood to the right side of the head and neck and to the right arm.


Physical Barriers
Facility Access
Architectural Accessibility
Ramps
Barriers, Architectural
Accessibility, Architectural

Limitations, challenges, and impediments to healthcare practice and patient recovery.


The biologically active fragment of human growth hormone-releasing factor, consisting of GHRH(1-29)-amide. This N-terminal sequence is identical in several mammalian species, such as human, pig, and cattle. It is used to diagnose or treat patients with GROWTH HORMONE deficiency.


Psychological Unconscious
Subconscious
Unconscious, Psychology
Unconscious (Psychology)

Those forces and content of the mind which are not ordinarily available to conscious awareness or to immediate recall.


tau-Crystallins
tau-Crystallin
Crystallins, tau

A type of crystallin that has been found in the lens (LENS, CRYSTALLINE) of certain species of VERTEBRATES. They are inactivated form of PHOSPHOPYRUVATE HYDRATASE.


p300-CBP Protein
p300-CBP Coactivator
p300-CBP Transcription Factors

A family of histone acetyltransferases that is structurally-related to CREB-BINDING PROTEIN and to E1A-ASSOCIATED P300 PROTEIN. They function as transcriptional coactivators by bridging between DNA-binding TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS and the basal transcription machinery. They also modify transcription factors and CHROMATIN through ACETYLATION.


Mitochondrial Protein
Mitochondrial Proteins
Proteins, Mitochondrial

Proteins encoded by the mitochondrial genome or proteins encoded by the nuclear genome that are imported to and resident in the MITOCHONDRIA.


Rhizobium meliloti
Sinorhizobium meliloti

A species of gram-negative, aerobic bacteria that causes formation of root nodules on some, but not all, types of sweet clover, MEDICAGO SATIVA, and fenugreek.


Hemorrhagic Syndrome, Bovine
Bovine Hemorrhagic Syndrome

Clinically severe acute disease of cattle caused by noncytopathic forms of Bovine viral diarrhea virus 2 (DIARRHEA VIRUS 2, BOVINE VIRAL). Outbreaks are characterized by high morbidity and high mortality.


Glucocorticoid Receptor-Interacting Protein 1

A transcription factor that partners with ligand bound GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTORS and ESTROGEN RECEPTORS to stimulate GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION. It plays an important role in FERTILITY as well as in METABOLISM of LIPIDS.


Microfluidic Analysis
Microfluidic Analytical Techniques

Methods utilizing the principles of MICROFLUIDICS for sample handling, reagent mixing, and separation and detection of specific components in fluids.


Encephalitis Virus, Murray Valley
Murray Valley encephalitis virus

A species of FLAVIVIRUS, one of the Japanese encephalitis virus group (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUSES, JAPANESE), found in Australia and New Guinea. It causes a fulminating viremia resembling Japanese encephalitis (ENCEPHALITIS, JAPANESE).


A plant genus in the CANNABACEAE family. Best known for the buds of Humulus lupulus L. used in BEER.


Disorder occurring in the central or peripheral area of the cornea. The usual degree of transparency becomes relatively opaque.


Solutions or mixtures of toxic and nontoxic substances elaborated by snake (Ophidia) salivary glands for the purpose of killing prey or disabling predators and delivered by grooved or hollow fangs. They usually contain enzymes, toxins, and other factors.


Failure to identify or diagnose a medical condition at the time a health professional is acquainted with the symptoms.


Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (NAD(+))
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase E2
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase
Aldehyde-NAD Oxidoreductase
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase E1
D-Glucuronolactone Dehydrogenase

An enzyme that oxidizes an aldehyde in the presence of NAD+ and water to an acid and NADH. This enzyme was formerly classified as EC 1.1.1.70.


Sulfite Reductase (Ferredoxin)
Ferredoxin Sulfite Reductase

A FERREDOXIN-dependent oxidoreductase that is primarily found in PLANTS where it plays an important role in the assimilation of SULFUR atoms for the production of CYSTEINE and METHIONINE.


Glutamate Antagonists
Amino Acids, Excitatory, Antagonists
Amino Acid Antagonists, Excitatory
EAA Antagonists
Antagonists, Excitatory Amino Acid
Glutamate Receptor Antagonists
Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists

Drugs that bind to but do not activate excitatory amino acid receptors, thereby blocking the actions of agonists.


Gram-Negative Anaerobic Bacteria
Gram Negative Anaerobic Bacteria

A large group of anaerobic bacteria which show up as pink (negative) when treated by the Gram-staining method.


Neuralgia, Ilioinguinal
Nerve Pain
Neuralgia, Atypical
Neuropathic Pain
Neuralgia, Supraorbital
Neuralgia
Neuralgia, Perineal
Neurodynia
Paroxysmal Nerve Pain
Neuralgia, Vidian
Neuralgia, Iliohypogastric Nerve
Neuralgia, Stump

Intense or aching pain that occurs along the course or distribution of a peripheral or cranial nerve.


Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Encephalomyelitis

Encephalomyelitis, Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus

A form of meningitis caused by LYMPHOCYTIC CHORIOMENINGITIS VIRUS. MICE and other rodents serve as the natural hosts, and infection in humans usually occurs through inhalation or ingestion of infectious particles. Clinical manifestations include an influenza-like syndrome followed by stiff neck, alterations of mentation, ATAXIA, and incontinence. Maternal infections may result in fetal malformations and injury, including neonatal HYDROCEPHALUS, aqueductal stenosis, CHORIORETINITIS, and MICROCEPHALY. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp1-3)


Vitreous Hemorrhage
Hemorrhage, Vitreous


Cyclic AMP Response Element Binding Protein 5

Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein A

Cyclic AMP Response Element Binding Protein A

A basic leucine zipper transcription factor that is highly homologous to ACTIVATING TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 2. It binds the consensus site TGACGTCA of the cyclic AMP response element in partnership with either PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEINS C-JUN or activating transcription factor 2.


Any of numerous agile, hollow-horned RUMINANTS of the genus Capra, in the family Bovidae, closely related to the SHEEP.


Nonfibrillar Collagens
Short-Chain Collagens
Non-Fibrillar Collagens

A family of structurally-related short-chain collagens that do not form large fibril bundles.


A family of cytoskeletal proteins that play essential roles in CELL ADHESION at ADHERENS JUNCTIONS by linking CADHERINS to the ACTIN FILAMENTS of the CYTOSKELETON.


A group of hereditary hemolytic anemias in which there is decreased synthesis of one or more hemoglobin polypeptide chains. There are several genetic types with clinical pictures ranging from barely detectable hematologic abnormality to severe and fatal anemia.


Any DNA sequence capable of independent replication or a molecule that possesses a REPLICATION ORIGIN and which is therefore potentially capable of being replicated in a suitable cell. (Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)


Historically Controlled Study
Historical Control Study
Historical Controlled Study

A study that compares a group of participants receiving an intervention with a similar group from the past who did not.


Intususception
Invagination, Intestinal
Intussusception

A form of intestinal obstruction caused by the PROLAPSE of a part of the intestine into the adjoining intestinal lumen. There are four types: colic, involving segments of the LARGE INTESTINE; enteric, involving only the SMALL INTESTINE; ileocecal, in which the ILEOCECAL VALVE prolapses into the CECUM, drawing the ILEUM along with it; and ileocolic, in which the ileum prolapses through the ileocecal valve into the COLON.


Isolated Levocardia
Situs Inversus with Levocardia
Levocardia

Congenital abnormalities in which the HEART is in the normal position (levocardia) in the left side of the chest but some or all of the THORAX or ABDOMEN viscera are transposed laterally (SITUS INVERSUS). It is also known as situs inversus with levocardia, or isolated levocardia. This condition is often associated with severe heart defects and splenic abnormalities such as asplenia or polysplenia.


Killer Factors, Yeast
Killer Factor, Yeast
Yeast Killer Factor
Killer Toxin, Yeast

Protein factors released from one species of YEAST that are selectively toxic to another species of yeast.


The complete gene complement contained in a set of chromosomes in a fungus.


Intestinal Reabsorption
Enterohepatic Reabsorption

The re-uptake of substances in the intestines after their prior absorption from the intestines into the PORTAL SYSTEM and reintroduction into the intestines as substances accumulated in the BILE.


The act of feeding on plants by animals.


5.8S Ribosomal RNA
5.8S RRNA
RNA, Ribosomal, 5.8S

Constituent of the 60S subunit of eukaryotic ribosomes. 5.8S rRNA is involved in the initiation of polypeptide synthesis in eukaryotes.


A species of baboon in the family CERCOPITHECIDAE, often used as an animal model for cognitive studies.


VDAC1 Protein
Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel 1

Voltage-dependent anion channel 1 is the major pore-forming protein of the mitochondrial outer membrane. It also functions as a ferricyanide reductase in the PLASMA MEMBRANE.


Interruptions in the sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA.


Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Bovine
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus

A species of PNEUMOVIRUS causing an important respiratory infection in cattle. Symptoms include fever, conjunctivitis, and respiratory distress.


Bacteria, Purple Sulfur
Chromatiaceae
Purple Sulfur Bacteria

A family of phototrophic purple sulfur bacteria that deposit globules of elemental sulfur inside their cells. They are found in diverse aquatic environments.


Regularly spaced gaps in the myelin sheaths of peripheral axons. Ranvier's nodes allow saltatory conduction, that is, jumping of impulses from node to node, which is faster and more energetically favorable than continuous conduction.


Hereditary Dysphasic Disinhibition Dementia

Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration With Ubiquitin-Positive Inclusions

Frontotemporal Dementia with Parkinsonism-17

Dementia, Hereditary Dysphasic Disinhibition

Multiple System Tauopathy with Presenile Dementia

Dementia, Frontotemporal, with Parkinsonism

The most common clinical form of FRONTOTEMPORAL LOBAR DEGENERATION, this dementia presents with personality and behavioral changes often associated with disinhibition, apathy, and lack of insight.


Islamic Ethics
Mohammedanism
Islam
Muslims

A monotheistic religion promulgated by the Prophet Mohammed with Allah as the deity.


Bovine Activator Protein
Calcium-Dependent Regulator
Regulator, Calcium-Dependent
Phosphodiesterase Activator Protein
Phosphodiesterase Activating Factor
Calmodulin
Cyclic AMP-Phosphodiesterase Activator
Calcium-Dependent Activator Protein
Phosphodiesterase Protein Activator

A heat-stable, low-molecular-weight activator protein found mainly in the brain and heart. The binding of calcium ions to this protein allows this protein to bind to cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases and to adenyl cyclase with subsequent activation. Thereby this protein modulates cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP levels.


TRF-1 Interacting, Ankyrin-Related, ADP-Ribose Polymerases

A group of telomere associated proteins that interact with TRF1 PROTEIN, contain ANKYRIN REPEATS and have poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activity.


Cornu Ammonis
Schaffer Collaterals
Ammon Horn
Ammon's Horn
Hippocampus Proper
Subiculum
Hippocampal Formation
Hippocampus

A curved elevation of GRAY MATTER extending the entire length of the floor of the TEMPORAL HORN of the LATERAL VENTRICLE (see also TEMPORAL LOBE). The hippocampus proper, subiculum, and DENTATE GYRUS constitute the hippocampal formation. Sometimes authors include the ENTORHINAL CORTEX in the hippocampal formation.


Vision, Reduced
Vision, Low
Vision, Subnormal
Vision, Diminished

Vision considered to be inferior to normal vision as represented by accepted standards of acuity, field of vision, or motility. Low vision generally refers to visual disorders that are caused by diseases that cannot be corrected by refraction (e.g., MACULAR DEGENERATION; RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; DIABETIC RETINOPATHY, etc.).


A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. The POLLEN is one cause of HAYFEVER.


Education of Persons with Hearing Impairments

The teaching or training of those individuals with hearing disability or impairment.


A terminal section of a chromosome which has a specialized structure and which is involved in chromosomal replication and stability. Its length is believed to be a few hundred base pairs.


Deoxyguanine Nucleotides
Deoxyguanosine Phosphates

Guanine nucleotides which contain deoxyribose as the sugar moiety.


A mitochondrial cytochrome P450 enzyme that catalyzes the side-chain cleavage of C27 cholesterol to C21 pregnenolone in the presence of molecular oxygen and NADPH-FERRIHEMOPROTEIN REDUCTASE. This enzyme, encoded by CYP11A1 gene, catalyzes the breakage between C20 and C22 which is the initial and rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of various gonadal and adrenal steroid hormones.


Thermosome
Thermosomes
Thermosome Proteins

Group II chaperonins found in species of ARCHAEA.


Tularemia
Francisella tularensis Infection

A plague-like disease of rodents, transmissible to man. It is caused by FRANCISELLA TULARENSIS and is characterized by fever, chills, headache, backache, and weakness.


A complication of multiple RIB FRACTURES; RIB and STERNUM fractures, or thoracic surgery. A portion of the THORACIC WALL becomes isolated from the RIB CAGE and exhibits paradoxical respiration.


Black Lung Disease
Anthracosis
Pneumoconiosis, Coal Worker's
Coal Miner's Lung
Black Lung
Coalworker's Pneumoconiosis
Coal Worker's Pneumoconiosis

A diffuse parenchymal lung disease caused by accumulation of inhaled CARBON or coal dust. The disease can progress from asymptomatic anthracosis to massive lung fibrosis. This lung lesion usually occurs in coal MINERS, but can be seen in urban dwellers and tobacco smokers.


Surgical Procedures, Urologic
Urologic Surgical Procedures
Surgical Procedure, Urologic
Urologic Surgical Procedure
Procedures, Urologic Surgical
Procedure, Urologic Surgical
Urological Surgical Procedures

Surgery performed on the urinary tract or its parts in the male or female. For surgery of the male genitalia, UROLOGIC SURGICAL PROCEDURES, MALE is available.


An iron-binding protein that was originally characterized as a milk protein. It is widely distributed in secretory fluids and is found in the neutrophilic granules of LEUKOCYTES. The N-terminal part of lactoferrin possesses a serine protease which functions to inactivate the TYPE III SECRETION SYSTEM used by bacteria to export virulence proteins for host cell invasion.


CYP27 Enzymes
CYP27 Family
Cytochrome P450 Family 27

A cytochrome P450 enzyme family whose members function in VITAMIN D metabolism and the biosynthesis of BILE ACIDS.


Leucine alpha Ketoglutarate Aminotransferase

A PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE containing enzyme that catalyzes the reversible transamination of branched-chain AMINO ACIDS to 2-oxoglutarate.


Palmitoyl CoA
Hexadecanoyl CoA
Palmitoyl Coenzyme A
Palmityl CoA

A fatty acid coenzyme derivative which plays a key role in fatty acid oxidation and biosynthesis.


Nosogeography
Geomedicine
Medical Geography
Geography, Medical

The area of medicine concerned with the effects on health and disease due to geographic factors such as CLIMATE, environmental conditions, and geographic location.


Hand-held tools or implements especially used by dental professionals for the performance of clinical tasks.


Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1
NAD+ ADP-ribosyltransferase-1
PARP1 Protein
PARP-1 Protein
Poly (ADP-Ribose) Synthase-1

A poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase that contains two ZINC FINGERS in its N-terminal DNA-binding region. It modifies NUCLEAR PROTEINS involved in chromatin architecture and BASE EXCISION REPAIR with POLY ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE RIBOSE.


Locus Coeruleus
Locus Coeruleus Complex
Nucleus Pigmentosus Pontis
Locus Ceruleus Complex
Locus Ceruleus
Locus Caeruleus

Bluish-colored region in the superior angle of the FOURTH VENTRICLE floor, corresponding to melanin-like pigmented nerve cells which lie lateral to the PERIAQUEDUCTAL GRAY.


Serine-Threonine-Protein Kinase CHK2
Checkpoint-Like Protein CHK2
CDS1 Kinase
Serine Threonine Protein Kinase Chk2
CHEK2 Kinase
hCHK2 Kinase
LFS2 Protein Kinase
Checkpoint Kinase 2
PP1425 Protein Kinase
Chk2 Protein Kinase

Enzyme activated in response to DNA DAMAGE involved in cell cycle arrest. The gene is located on the long (q) arm of chromosome 22 at position 12.1. In humans it is encoded by the CHEK2 gene.


Corticosteroid-Binding Globulin
Transcortin
Serpin A6

A serpin family member that binds to and transports GLUCOCORTICOIDS in the BLOOD.


Benzalacetophenone Chalkone Benzylideneacetophenone Chalcone 1,3-Diphenyl-2-Propen-1-One

An aromatic KETONE that forms the core molecule of CHALCONES.


Axenic Animals
Gnotobiotics
Germ-Free Life
Germfree Life

Animals not contaminated by or associated with any foreign organisms.


Foster Child
Foster Children
Foster Youth
Child, Foster
Children, Foster

Individual who is unable to live safely with his or her family, usually due to abuse or neglect in the family home.


Antibody Classes
Ig Isotypes
Immunoglobulin Isotypes
Immunoglobulin Classes

The classes of immunoglobulins found in any species of animal. In man there are nine classes that migrate in five different groups in electrophoresis; they each consist of two light and two heavy protein chains, and each group has distinguishing structural and functional properties.


In animals, the social relationship established between a male and female for reproduction. It may include raising of young.


Respiratory Muscle
Respiratory Muscles
Ventilatory Muscles

These include the muscles of the DIAPHRAGM and the INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES.


Feline Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Feline Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome

Feline Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

Acquired defect of cellular immunity that occurs in cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and in some cats infected with feline leukemia virus (FeLV).


3 beta,12 beta,14-Trihydroxy-5 beta-card-20(22)-enolide. A cardenolide which is the aglycon of digoxin. Can be obtained by hydrolysis of digoxin or from Digitalis orientalis L. and Digitalis lanata Ehrh.


Crossing Over, Genetic
Crossing-Over, Genetic
Crossing Over

The reciprocal exchange of segments at corresponding positions along pairs of homologous CHROMOSOMES by symmetrical breakage and crosswise rejoining forming cross-over sites (HOLLIDAY JUNCTIONS) that are resolved during CHROMOSOME SEGREGATION. Crossing-over typically occurs during MEIOSIS but it may also occur in the absence of meiosis, for example, with bacterial chromosomes, organelle chromosomes, or somatic cell nuclear chromosomes.


Collection Development (Libraries)
Library Collection Development

Development of a library collection, including the determination and coordination of selection policy, assessment of needs of users and potential users, collection use studies, collection evaluation, identification of collection needs, selection of materials, planning for resource sharing, collection maintenance and weeding, and budgeting.


General disorders of the sclera or white of the eye. They may include anatomic, embryologic, degenerative, or pigmentation defects.


Signaling proteins that are ligands for the EPH FAMILY RECEPTORS. They are membrane-bound proteins that are attached to the CELL MEMBRANE either through a GLYCOINOSITOL PHOSPHOLIPID MEMBRANE ANCHOR or through a transmembrane domain. Many of the ephrins are considered important intercellular signaling molecules that control morphogenic changes during embryogenesis.


The family of true frogs of the order Anura. The family occurs worldwide except in Antarctica.


QUINOLONES containing a 4-oxo (a carbonyl in the para position to the nitrogen). They inhibit the A subunit of DNA GYRASE and are used as antimicrobials. Second generation 4-quinolones are also substituted with a 1-piperazinyl group at the 7-position and a fluorine at the 6-position.


Nonexpendable apparatus used during surgical procedures. They are differentiated from SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS, usually hand-held and used in the immediate operative field.


SCA3 Protein
Ataxin-3
Machado-Joseph Disease Protein
ATXN3 Protein
Spinocerebellar Ataxia 3 Protein
Ataxin-3 Protein

A deubiquitinating enzyme of the ATAXINS family. It functions in protein homeostasis, GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION; CYTOSKELETON regulation, and MYOGENESIS. CAG TRINUCLEOTIDE REPEAT EXPANSION in the Ataxin-3 gene coding region is associated with spinocerebellar ataxia-3 (MACHADO-JOSEPH DISEASE).


Antigen, B7-2
CD86 Antigens
Early T Cell Costimulatory Molecule 1
B7-2 Costimulatory Molecule
B7-2 Antigen
B70 Costimulatory Molecule
Antigens, CD86
CD86 Antigen

A costimulatory ligand glycoprotein that contains a C2 and V-type IMMUNOGLOBULIN DOMAIN. It is expressed by ANTIGEN-PRESENTING CELLS and binds to CD28 ANTIGEN with high specificity and to CTLA-4 ANTIGEN with low specificity. The interaction of CD86 with CD28 ANTIGEN provides a stimulatory signal to T-LYMPHOCYTES, while its interaction with CTLA-4 ANTIGEN may play a role in inducing PERIPHERAL TOLERANCE.


Urinary Bladder Prolapse
Fallen Urinary Bladder
Cystocele

A HERNIA-like condition in which the weakened pelvic muscles cause the URINARY BLADDER to drop from its normal position. Fallen urinary bladder is more common in females with the bladder dropping into the VAGINA and less common in males with the bladder dropping into the SCROTUM.


(11 alpha,13E,15S)-11,15-Dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oic acid (PGE(1)); (5Z,11 alpha,13E,15S)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid (PGE(2)); and (5Z,11 alpha,13E,15S,17Z)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,13,17-trien-1-oic acid (PGE(3)). Three of the six naturally occurring prostaglandins. They are considered primary in that no one is derived from another in living organisms. Originally isolated from sheep seminal fluid and vesicles, they are found in many organs and tissues and play a major role in mediating various physiological activities.


Peptidylarginine Deiminase Type 2
Peptidylarginine Deiminase Type II
Protein-Arginine Deiminase Type II
Protein Arginine Deiminase Type II
Protein-Arginine Deiminase Type 2
Peptidyl Arginine Deiminase Type II
Protein Arginine Deiminase Type 2
PADI2 Protein
Peptidylarginine Deiminase II
Protein Arginine Deiminase 2
Peptidyl Arginine Deiminase Type 2

A widely expressed isoenzyme of peptidylarginine deiminase, a post-translational modification enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of protein-bound ARGININE residues to CITRULLINE residues in a CALCIUM ion-dependent manner.


Cerebral Angiography
Angiography, Cerebral

Radiography of the vascular system of the brain after injection of a contrast medium.


Complete severing of the CORPUS CALLOSUM. In humans it is usually performed to treat medically intractable, multifocal EPILEPSY. EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS of split brain preparations are used in research.


Photosensitive proteins in the membranes of PHOTORECEPTOR CELLS such as the rods and the cones. Opsins have varied light absorption properties and are members of the G-PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORS family. Their ligands are VITAMIN A-based chromophores.


Tongue Worms
Pentastomida
Linguatula serrata

A subclass of CRUSTACEA comprising the tongue worms which are obligatory parasites of reptiles, birds, and mammals including humans.


A subclass of ACIDIC GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS. They contain one or more sialic acid (N-ACETYLNEURAMINIC ACID) residues. Using the Svennerholm system of abbrevations, gangliosides are designated G for ganglioside, plus subscript M, D, or T for mono-, di-, or trisialo, respectively, the subscript letter being followed by a subscript arabic numeral to indicated sequence of migration in thin-layer chromatograms. (From Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1997)


Premature Ejaculation
Ejaculatio Praecox

The emission of SEMEN and seminal fluid during the act of preparation for sexual intercourse, i.e. before there is penetration, or shortly after penetration.


Acute Membranous Gingivitis
Vincent's Gingivitis
Stomatitis, Ulcerative
Trench Mouth
Vincent Infection
Phagedenic Gingivitis
Gingivitis, Necrotizing Ulcerative
Vincent Angina
Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis
Fusospirillosis
Vincent's Infection
Vincent's Stomatitis
Fusospirillary Gingivitis

VINCENT INFECTION where the lesions spread to the SOFT PALATE and OROPHARYNX.


Upper Limb
Upper Extremity
Membrum superius
Extremity, Upper

The region of the upper limb in animals, extending from the deltoid region to the HAND, and including the ARM; AXILLA; and SHOULDER.


Cardiac Function Tests
Heart Function Tests

Examinations used to diagnose and treat heart conditions.


A family of nonmetallic, generally electronegative, elements that form group 17 (formerly group VIIa) of the periodic table.


Succinate Cytochrome c Reductase
Succinate Cytochrome c Oxidoreductase

An electron transport chain complex that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from SUCCINATE to CYTOCHROME C. It includes ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX II and ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX III.


Assisted Reproductive Technics
Reproductive Techniques, Assisted
Assisted Reproductive Techniques
Reproductive Technology, Assisted

Clinical and laboratory techniques used to enhance fertility in humans and animals.


A preparation of insulin and zinc chloride in the form of a crystalline suspension. Typically the duration of ultralente insulin activity lasts between 18-30 hours after dosage.


Pulmonary Heart Diseases
Heart Disease, Pulmonary
Disease, Pulmonary Heart
Heart Diseases, Pulmonary
Cor Pulmonale
Pulmonary Heart Disease
Diseases, Pulmonary Heart

Hypertrophy and dilation of the RIGHT VENTRICLE of the heart that is caused by PULMONARY HYPERTENSION. This condition is often associated with pulmonary parenchymal or vascular diseases, such as CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE and PULMONARY EMBOLISM.


Hereditary Thrombophilia Due To Protein S Deficiency

An autosomal dominant disorder showing decreased levels of plasma protein S antigen or activity, associated with venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. PROTEIN S is a vitamin K-dependent plasma protein that inhibits blood clotting by serving as a cofactor for activated PROTEIN C (also a vitamin K-dependent protein), and the clinical manifestations of its deficiency are virtually identical to those of protein C deficiency. Treatment with heparin for acute thrombotic processes is usually followed by maintenance administration of coumarin drugs for the prevention of recurrent thrombosis. (From Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 12th ed, p1511; Wintrobe's Clinical Hematology, 9th ed, p1523)


Hot Melt Extrusion Technology
Hot Melt Extrusion

Solvent-free method for preparing numerous types of drug delivery systems and dosage forms for active pharmaceutical ingredients that have solubility issues. It involves pumping polymeric materials at temperatures above their glass transition temperature to mix in active pharmaceutical ingredients with or without binders thus forming an amorphous product with an  increase in the dissolution profile for the active pharmaceutical ingredients.


Type 2 Secretion System
Type II Secretion Systems
T2SS Secretion System
Type 2 Secretion Systems
Type II Secretion System
Bacterial Secretion System, Type II

Gram-negative bacterial secretion systems which carry out the secretion of folded proteins.T2SSs secrete folded proteins from the PERIPLASMIC SPACE that have been exported there by SEC TRANSLOCASE or TAT SECRETION SYSTEMS, or they secrete folded proteins directly from the CYTOPLASM. The T2SSs have four substructures, an ATPase, an inner membrane platform, a pseudopilin, and secretin, an outer membrane complex which is a channel for secretion. (This bacterial secretin is not the same as the mammalian hormone also named SECRETIN.)


Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program

SEER Program (National Cancer Institute (U.S.))

A cancer registry mandated under the National Cancer Act of 1971 to operate and maintain a population-based cancer reporting system, reporting periodically estimates of cancer incidence and mortality in the United States. The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program is a continuing project of the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health. Among its goals, in addition to assembling and reporting cancer statistics, are the monitoring of annual cancer incident trends and the promoting of studies designed to identify factors amenable to cancer control interventions. (From National Cancer Institute, NIH Publication No. 91-3074, October 1990)


Either one of the two small elongated rectangular bones that together form the bridge of the nose.


Calcification, Physiologic
Calcification, Physiological
Bone Mineralization
Physiologic Calcification

Process by which organic tissue becomes hardened by the physiologic deposit of calcium salts.


Parvocellular Oculomotor Nucleus
Nucleus Edinger Westphal
Edinger-Westphal Nucleus
Accessory Oculomotor Nucleus

Nucleus in the oculomotor nuclear complex associated with oculomotor activities and stress adaptation.


3'-Phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate. Key intermediate in the formation by living cells of sulfate esters of phenols, alcohols, steroids, sulfated polysaccharides, and simple esters, such as choline sulfate. It is formed from sulfate ion and ATP in a two-step process. This compound also is an important step in the process of sulfur fixation in plants and microorganisms.


(S-(E))-3,4,5,6,8,10-Hexahydro-14,16-dihydroxy-3-methyl-1H-2-benzoxacyclotetradecin-1,7(8H)-dione. One of a group of compounds known under the general designation of resorcylic acid lactones. Cis, trans, dextro and levo forms have been isolated from the fungus Gibberella zeae (formerly Fusarium graminearum). They have estrogenic activity, cause toxicity in livestock as feed contaminant, and have been used as anabolic or estrogen substitutes.


A refractive error in which rays of light entering the EYE parallel to the optic axis are brought to a focus in front of the RETINA when accommodation (ACCOMMODATION, OCULAR) is relaxed. This results from an overly curved CORNEA or from the eyeball being too long from front to back. It is also called nearsightedness.


Dichloroacetic Acid
Sodium Dichloroacetate
Potassium Dichloroacetate
Bichloroacetic Acid

A derivative of ACETIC ACID that contains two CHLORINE atoms attached to its methyl group.


Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group F Protein

Fanconi Anemia Group F Complementing Protein

A Fanconi anemia complementation group protein. It is an essential component of a nuclear core complex that protects the GENOME against CHROMOSOMAL INSTABILITY. It interacts directly with FANCG PROTEIN and helps stabilize a complex with FANCA PROTEIN and FANCC PROTEIN.


A family of freshwater mussels in the class BIVALVIA. They differ from ZEBRA MUSSELS in that they are larger and posses a larval stage called glochidia, which requires attachment to the GILLS or fins of particular species of FISHES.


Torulosis
Cryptococcus neoformans Infection
Cryptococcosis

Infection with a fungus of the species CRYPTOCOCCUS NEOFORMANS.


Wheat Germ Agglutinin-Horseradish Peroxidase Conjugate

The lectin wheatgerm agglutinin conjugated to the enzyme HORSERADISH PEROXIDASE. It is widely used for tracing neural pathways.


Goldenrod
Golden Rod
Solidago
Solidago virgaurea

A plant genus of the family Asteraceae known for allergenic pollen (ALLERGENS).


Bradykinin B2 Receptor Inhibitors
Bradykinin B2 Receptor Blockers
Bradykinin B2 Antagonists
Bradykinin B2 Receptor Antagonists

Compounds and drugs that inhibit ligand binding or cellular signaling by BRADYKININ B2 RECEPTORS.


Regulatory Regions, Nucleic Acid (Genetics)

Nucleic acid sequences involved in regulating the expression of genes.


ECE Virus
Herpesvirus 3 (alpha), Equine
Equine Herpesvirus 3
EHV-3
Equid Herpesvirus 3
Coital Exanthema Virus, Equine
Herpesvirus 3, Equid
Equine coital exanthema virus

A species of VARICELLOVIRUS causing coital exanthema in horses.


Dental Papilla
Papilla, Dental
Papillae, Dental
Dental Papillae

Mesodermal tissue enclosed in the invaginated portion of the epithelial enamel organ and giving rise to the dentin and pulp.


Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (NAD+)
NAD Isocitrate Dehydrogenase
Isocitrate Dehydrogenase-I
Isocitrate Dehydrogenase

An enzyme of the oxidoreductase class that catalyzes the conversion of isocitrate and NAD+ to yield 2-ketoglutarate, carbon dioxide, and NADH. It occurs in cell mitochondria. The enzyme requires Mg2+, Mn2+; it is activated by ADP, citrate, and Ca2+, and inhibited by NADH, NADPH, and ATP. The reaction is the key rate-limiting step of the citric acid (tricarboxylic) cycle. (From Dorland, 27th ed) (The NADP+ enzyme is EC 1.1.1.42.) EC 1.1.1.41.


Tax-Responsive Enhancer Element B67
Activating Transcription Factor 4
ATF4 Transcription Factor

An activating transcription factor that regulates the expression of a variety of GENES involved in amino acid metabolism and transport. It also interacts with HTLV-I transactivator protein.


Clinical Oncology
Medical Oncology
Oncology, Medical

A subspecialty of internal medicine concerned with the study of neoplasms.


A metallic element with atomic symbol Fe, atomic number 26, and atomic weight 55.85. It is an essential constituent of HEMOGLOBINS; CYTOCHROMES; and IRON-BINDING PROTEINS. It plays a role in cellular redox reactions and in the transport of OXYGEN.


Transplantation Antigens
LD Antigens
Antigens, Transplantation
SD Antigens
Histocompatibility Antigen
Histocompatibility Antigens

A group of antigens that includes both the major and minor histocompatibility antigens. The former are genetically determined by the major histocompatibility complex. They determine tissue type for transplantation and cause allograft rejections. The latter are systems of allelic alloantigens that can cause weak transplant rejection.


Kuru Encephalopathy
Encephalopathy, Kuru
Kuru

A prion disease found exclusively among the Fore linguistic group natives of the highlands of NEW GUINEA. The illness is primarily restricted to adult females and children of both sexes. It is marked by the subacute onset of tremor and ataxia followed by motor weakness and incontinence. Death occurs within 3-6 months of disease onset. The condition is associated with ritual cannibalism, and has become rare since this practice has been discontinued. Pathologic features include a noninflammatory loss of neurons that is most prominent in the cerebellum, glial proliferation, and amyloid plaques. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p773)


A heavy metal trace element with the atomic symbol Cu, atomic number 29, and atomic weight 63.55.


Disk, Intervertebral
Disc, Intervertebral
Intervertebral Disc
Intervertebral Disk

Any of the 23 plates of fibrocartilage found between the bodies of adjacent VERTEBRAE.


The penultimate step in the pathway of histidine biosynthesis. Oxidation of the alcohol group on the side chain gives the acid group forming histidine. Histidinol has also been used as an inhibitor of protein synthesis.


Reptilase Batroxobin Hemocoagulase Defibrol Reptilase-DEF Defibrase

A proteolytic enzyme obtained from the venom of fer-de-lance (Bothrops atrox). It is used as a plasma clotting agent for fibrinogen and for the detection of fibrinogen degradation products. The presence of heparin does not interfere with the clotting test. Hemocoagulase is a mixture containing batroxobin and factor X activator. EC 3.4.21.-.


Infections, HTLV-II
Human T-lymphotropic Virus 2 Infection
HTLV-II Infections
Human T-lymphotropic Virus 2 Infections

Diseases caused by HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS 2.


Argon Beam Coagulation
Argon Plasma Coagulation

A method of tissue ablation and bleeding control that uses ARGON plasma (ionized argon gas) to deliver a current of thermocoagulating energy to the area of tissue to be coagulated.


Cardiac Anesthesia
Anesthesia, Cardiac
Cardiothoracic Anaesthesia
Cardiothoracic Anesthesia
Anesthesia, Cardiac Procedures
Cardiac Anaesthesia
Cardiovascular Anesthesia

A range of methods used to induce UNCONSCIOUSNESS; ANALGESIA; and MUSCLE RELAXATION during cardiac procedures.


Ooecyan
Biliverdine
Uteroverdine
Biliverdin IX alpha
Biliverdin
Dehydrobilirubin
Biliverdin IX

1,3,6,7-Tetramethyl-4,5-dicarboxyethyl-2,8-divinylbilenone. Biosynthesized from hemoglobin as a precursor of bilirubin. Occurs in the bile of AMPHIBIANS and of birds, but not in normal human bile or serum.


Encephalitis Viruses, Japanese
Japanese encephalitis virus group
Viruses, Japanese Encephalitis
Japanese Encephalitis Viruses

A subgroup of the genus FLAVIVIRUS which comprises a number of viral species that are the etiologic agents of human encephalitis in many different geographical regions. These include Japanese encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, JAPANESE), St. Louis encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, ST. LOUIS), Murray Valley encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, MURRAY VALLEY), and WEST NILE VIRUS.


Advance Health Care Planning
Advance Care Planning
Advance Medical Planning

Discussions with patients and/or their representatives about the goals and desired direction of the patient's care, particularly end-of-life care, in the event that the patient is or becomes incompetent to make decisions.


Calcium Chelators
Calcium Chelating Agents

Substances that bind to and sequester CALCIUM ions.


Vesicular Biogenic Amine Transport Proteins

Integral membrane proteins of the LIPID BILAYER of SECRETORY VESICLES that catalyze transport and storage of biogenic amine NEUROTRANSMITTERS such as ACETYLCHOLINE; SEROTONIN; MELATONIN; HISTAMINE; and CATECHOLAMINES. The transporters exchange vesicular protons for cytoplasmic neurotransmitters.


The part of the pelvis that comprises the pelvic socket where the head of FEMUR joins to form HIP JOINT (acetabulofemoral joint).


Brominated Hydrocarbons
Hydrocarbons, Brominated

Hydrocarbon compounds with one or more HYDROGEN atoms substituted with BROMINE.


Methylprednisolone Medrol Urbason Metipred 6-Methylprednisolone

A PREDNISOLONE derivative with similar anti-inflammatory action.


Retinoblastoma Binding Protein 3
Transcription Factor E2F1
Transcription Factor E2F-1
E2F-1 Transcription Factor
E2F1 Transcription Factor
E2F Transcription Factor 1 Protein
Retinoblastoma-Associated Protein 1

An E2F transcription factor that interacts directly with RETINOBLASTOMA PROTEIN and CYCLIN A and activates GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION required for CELL CYCLE entry and DNA synthesis. E2F1 is involved in DNA REPAIR and APOPTOSIS.


Social Work
Social Service
Service, Social

The use of community resources, individual case work, or group work to promote the adaptive capacities of individuals in relation to their social and economic environments. It includes social service agencies.


Sodium Trichloroacetate
Trichloroacetic Acid
Acide trichloracetique
Rubidium Trichloroacetate

A strong acid used as a protein precipitant in clinical chemistry and also as a caustic for removing warts.


An injury in which the damage is located on the opposite side of the primary impact site. A blow to the back of head which results in contrecoup injury to the frontal lobes of the brain is the most common type.


Oncogene GLI Protein
Zinc Finger Protein GLI1
Gli Protein
Gli1 Protein
Glioma-Associated Oncogene Protein

A transcriptional activator and oncogene protein that contains two CYS2-HIS2 ZINC FINGERS. Two isoforms are expressed; both regulate the expression of specific genes during development of craniofacial features, digits, the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; and the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT. They also regulate SONIC HEDGEHOG PROTEIN signaling and cell proliferation.


Bacillus polymyxa
Paenibacillus polymyxa

A species of Paenibacillus formerly classified as Bacillus polymyxa that occurs in marine sediments and soil, especially around plant roots and RHIZOMES where it performs NITROGEN FIXATION. It has activity against several species of pathogenic bacteria and produces POLYMYXINS.


Chronic Benign Familial Pemphigus
Hailey-Hailey Disease
Benign Chronic Pemphigus
Familial Benign Chronic Pemphigus
Pemphigus, Benign Familial

An autosomal dominantly inherited skin disorder characterized by recurrent eruptions of vesicles and BULLAE mainly on the neck, axillae, and groin. Mutations in the ATP2C1 gene (encoding the secretory pathway Ca2++/Mn2++ ATPase 1 (SPCA1)) cause this disease. It is clinically and histologically similar to DARIER DISEASE - both have abnormal, unstable DESMOSOMES between KERATINOCYTES and defective CALCIUM-TRANSPORTING ATPASES. It is unrelated to PEMPHIGUS VULGARIS though it closely resembles that disease.


Fetus, Aborted
Aborted Fetus
Aborted Fetuses
Aborted Embryo

A mammalian fetus expelled by INDUCED ABORTION or SPONTANEOUS ABORTION.


Proposed anthelmintic for fasciola and liver fluke infestations.


PGI2 Receptor
Receptors, Prostacyclin
Receptors, Epoprostenol
Prostaglandin I2 Receptors
Prostacyclin Receptor
PGI2 Receptors
Prostaglandins X Receptors
Receptor, Prostaglandin I2

Cell surface receptors for EPOPROSTENOL. They are coupled to HETEROTRIMERIC G-PROTEINS.


A plant genus of the family Asparagaceae. Members contain anemarans (POLYSACCHARIDES), hinokiresinol, mangiferin (a xanthone), and timosaponin (a steroidal saponin).


The storing of visual and usually sound signals on discs for later reproduction on a television screen or monitor.


Weapon of Mass Destruction
Weapons of Mass Destruction

Weapons that are capable of a high order of destruction and/or of being used to destroy large numbers of people. It includes NUCLEAR WEAPONS, and biological, chemical, and radiation weapons.


A plant genus of the family SAPINDACEAE that contain SAPONINS.


Ribosome Subunits, Large, Eukaryotic
60S Ribosomal Subunits
Eukaryotic Large Ribosomal Subunits
Large Ribosomal Subunits, Eukaryotic
Eukaryotic Large Ribosome Subunits
Ribosome Subunits, 60S
Large Ribosome Subunits, Eukaryotic
Ribosomal Subunits, 60S
Ribosomal Subunits, Large, Eukaryotic
60S Ribosome Subunits

The large subunit of the 80s ribosome of eukaryotes. It is composed of the 28S RIBOSOMAL RNA, the 5.8S RIBOSOMAL RNA, the 5S RIBOSOMAL RNA, and about 50 different RIBOSOMAL PROTEINS.


Stenosing Tendovaginitis
Tendon Entrapment
Tenovaginitis, Stenosing
Stenosing Tenosynovitis
Tenosynovitis, Stenosing
Tendovaginitis, Stenosing

Narrowing or stenosis of a tendon's retinacular sheath. It occurs most often in the hand or wrist but can also be found in the foot or ankle. The most common types are DE QUERVAIN DISEASE and TRIGGER FINGER DISORDER.


Blood Diseases
Hematologic Diseases
Hematological Diseases

Disorders of the blood and blood forming tissues.


Injections, Intradermal
Intradermal Injections

The forcing into the skin of liquid medication, nutrient, or other fluid through a hollow needle, piercing the top skin layer.


Gene Product, rex
rex Protein
p27 rex
rex Gene Products
p27(rex)
Gene Products, rex

Post-transcriptional regulatory proteins required for the accumulation of mRNAs that encode the gag and env gene products in HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS 1 and HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS 2. The rex (regulator x; x is undefined) products act by binding to elements in the LONG TERMINAL REPEAT.


Group III Histone Deacetylases
NAD-Dependent Histone Deacetylases
Sirtuin Histone Deacetylases
Sir2-like Deacetylases

A subclass of histone deacetylases that are NAD-dependent. Several members of the SIRTUINS family are included in this subclass.


Nut Allergy
Allergy, Nut
Tree Nut Allergy
Nut Hypersensitivity
Tree Nut Hypersensitivity
Hypersensitivity, Nut

Allergic reaction to tree nuts that is triggered by the immune system.


Macula, Acoustic
Acoustic Maculae
Maculae, Acoustic

The sensory areas on the vertical wall of the saccule and in the floor of the utricle. The hair cells in the maculae are innervated by fibers of the VESTIBULAR NERVE.


Tonsil, Pharyngeal
Adenoids
Pharyngeal Tonsil
Pharyngeal Tonsils

A collection of lymphoid nodules on the posterior wall and roof of the NASOPHARYNX.


The segregation of patients with communicable or other diseases for a specified time. Isolation may be strict, in which movement and social contacts are limited; modified, where an effort to control specified aspects of care is made in order to prevent cross infection; or reverse, where the patient is secluded in a controlled or germ-free environment in order to protect him or her from cross infection.


Acetyl Coenzyme A Glutamate N-Acetyltransferase

Acetyl CoA Glutamate N-Acetyltransferase

A mitochondrial matrix enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of L-GLUTAMATE to N-acetyl-L-glutamate in the presence of ACETYL-COA.


Endodeoxyribonuclease (Apurinic or Apyrimidinic)

DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase

A DNA repair enzyme that catalyses the excision of ribose residues at apurinic and apyrimidinic DNA sites that can result from the action of DNA GLYCOSYLASES. The enzyme catalyzes a beta-elimination reaction in which the C-O-P bond 3' to the apurinic or apyrimidinic site in DNA is broken, leaving a 3'-terminal unsaturated sugar and a product with a terminal 5'-phosphate. This enzyme was previously listed under EC 3.1.25.2.


A group of FLAVONOIDS characterized with a 4-ketone.


Biological Specimen Bank
Biological Substance Bank
Substance Banks, Biological
Bank, Biological Specimen
Biological Specimen Banks
Specimen Bank, Biological
Biological Substance Banks
Bank, Biological Substance
Banks, Biological Specimen
Substance Bank, Biological
Specimen Banks, Biological
Banks, Biological Substance

Facilities that collect, store, and distribute tissues, e.g., cell lines, microorganisms, blood, sperm, milk, breast tissue, for use by others. Other uses may include transplantation and comparison of diseased tissues in the identification of cancer.


High-Volume Hospitals
Hospitals, High-Volume

Hospitals with a much higher than average utilization by physicians and a large number of procedures.


Terminal Repeat Sequences
Terminal Repeat
Flanking Repeat Sequences
R Repetitive Sequence
Inverted Terminal Repeat
Long Terminal Repeat
Delta Elements

Nucleotide sequences repeated on both the 5' and 3' ends of a sequence under consideration. For example, the hallmarks of a transposon are that it is flanked by inverted repeats on each end and the inverted repeats are flanked by direct repeats. The Delta element of Ty retrotransposons and LTRs (long terminal repeats) are examples of this concept.


The tendendy of a liquid where it contacts a solid to be elevated or depressed, because of the relative attraction of the molecules of the liquid for each other and for those of the solid. (from McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)


T-Lymphotropic Virus Type III Antigens, Human

T Lymphotropic Virus Type III Antigens, Human

Antigens associated with specific proteins of the human adult T-cell immunodeficiency virus (HIV); also called HTLV-III-associated and lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV) antigens.


Education, Graduate Medical
Education, Medical, Graduate
Medical Education, Graduate
Graduate Medical Education

Educational programs for medical graduates entering a specialty. They include formal specialty training as well as academic work in the clinical and basic medical sciences, and may lead to board certification or an advanced medical degree.


Mdm2 Protein
MDMX Protein
Mdm-2 Protein
c-mdm2 Proto-Oncogene Protein
Double Minute 2 Protein
Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2
Murine Double Minute 2 Protein

An E3 UBIQUITIN LIGASE that interacts with and inhibits TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEIN P53. Its ability to ubiquitinate p53 is regulated by TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEIN P14ARF.


A process by which animals in various forms and stages of development are physically distributed through time and space.


Meningococci, Serogroup C
Neisseria meningitidis, Serogroup C
Meningococcus, Serogroup C

Strains of Neisseria meningitidis responsible for most sporadic cases in teenagers and almost all outbreaks of disease in this age group. These strains are less common in infants.


CD62P Antigen
Antigens, CD62P
PADGEM
Platelet alpha-Granule Membrane Protein
P-Selectin
GMP-140
CD62P Antigens
P Selectin
LECAM-3

Cell adhesion molecule and CD antigen that mediates the adhesion of neutrophils and monocytes to activated platelets and endothelial cells.


Liver Circulation
Hepatic Circulation
Circulation, Liver

The circulation of BLOOD through the LIVER.


Benzoylarginine-2-Naphthylamide
Benzoylarginine 2 Naphthylamide
Benzoylarginine beta-Naphthylamide

An enzyme substrate which permits the measurement of peptide hydrolase activity, e.g. trypsin and thrombin. The enzymes liberate 2-naphthylamine, which is measured by colorimetric procedures.


A heteropolysaccharide that is similar in structure to HEPARIN. It accumulates in individuals with MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS.


Subependymal Glioma
Subependymal Astrocytoma
Subependymal Gliosis
Glioma, Subependymal
Subependymal Astrocytoma, Adult
Subependymoma

Rare, slow-growing, benign intraventricular tumors, often asymptomatic and discovered incidentally. The tumors are classified histologically as ependymomas and demonstrate a proliferation of subependymal fibrillary astrocytes among the ependymal tumor cells. (From Clin Neurol Neurosurg 1997 Feb;99(1):17-22)


Wandering Spleen
Splenic Ptosis
Drifting Spleen
Splenoptosis
Floating Spleen
Displaced Spleen

A congenital or acquired condition in which the SPLEEN is not in its normal anatomical position but moves about in the ABDOMEN. This is due to laxity or absence of suspensory ligaments which normally provide peritoneal attachments to keep the SPLEEN in a fixed position. Clinical symptoms include ABDOMINAL PAIN, splenic torsion and ISCHEMIA.


Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary Chromatography

Chromatography, Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary

A hybrid separation technique combining both chromatographic and electrophoretic separation principles. While the method was invented to separate neutral species, it can also be applied to charged molecules such as small peptides.


Receptor, Retinoid X
XR78E-F protein
Retinoid X Receptors
RXR Protein
Retinoid X Receptor
9-cis-Retinoic Acid Receptor

A subtype of RETINOIC ACID RECEPTORS that are specific for 9-cis-retinoic acid which function as nuclear TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS that regulate multiple signaling pathways.


Dental Material
Dental Materials
Materials, Dental
Material, Dental

Materials used in the production of dental bases, restorations, impressions, prostheses, etc.


Beta-lactam antibiotics that differ from PENICILLINS in having the thiazolidine sulfur atom replaced by carbon, the sulfur then becoming the first atom in the side chain. They are unstable chemically, but have a very broad antibacterial spectrum. Thienamycin and its more stable derivatives are proposed for use in combinations with enzyme inhibitors.


Aminopyrine N-Demethylase
Aminopyrine N Demethylase


Factor VIIIa Heavy Chain, 92 kDa Isoform

Blood Coagulation Factor VIII, Activated

Factor VIIIa Heavy Chain, 200 kDa Isoform

Activated form of factor VIII. The B-domain of factor VIII is proteolytically cleaved by thrombin to form factor VIIIa. Factor VIIIa exists as a non-covalent dimer in a metal-linked (probably calcium) complex and functions as a cofactor in the enzymatic activation of factor X by factor IXa. Factor VIIIa is similar in structure and generation to factor Va.


AraC Repressor
Ara-C Transcription Regulator
AraC Transcription Regulator
AraC Transcriptional Regulator
AraC Transcription Factor

A transcription factor found in BACTERIA that positively and negatively regulates the expression of proteins required for the uptake and catabolism of L-ARABINOSE.


Keratosis Palmaris et Plantaris Familiaris

An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by a widely distributed, well-demarcated hyperkeratosis of the palms and soles. There is more than one genotypically distinct form, each of which is clinically similar but histologically distinguishable. Diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma is distinct from palmoplantar keratoderma (KERATODERMA, PALMOPLANTAR), as the former exhibits autosomal dominant inheritance and hyperhidrosis is frequently present.


Neuronal Outgrowth
Neurite Outgrowth
Axon Outgrowth

Formation of neuronal processes (AXONS; NEURITES) toward a target cell.


Splints, Occlusal
Occlusal Splints
Dental Night Guard
Mandibular Advancement Devices
Mandibular Advancement Splints

Rigid or flexible appliances that overlay the occlusal surfaces of the teeth. They are used to treat OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA, clenching, BRUXISM, and their sequelae, and to provide temporary relief from muscle or temporomandibular joint pain.


A subfamily in the family MURIDAE, comprising the hamsters. Four of the more common genera are Cricetus, CRICETULUS; MESOCRICETUS; and PHODOPUS.


Doctrine of Double Effect
Rule of Double Effect
Double Effect Principle
Double Effect Rule
Double Effect Doctrine
Principle of Double Effect

Guideline for determining when it is morally permissible to perform an action to pursue a good end with knowledge that the action will also bring about bad results. It generally states that, in cases where a contemplated action has such double effect, the action is permissible only if: it is not wrong in itself; the bad result is not intended; the good result is not a direct causal result of the bad result; and the good result is "proportionate to" the bad result. (from Solomon, "Double Effect," in Becker, The Encyclopedia of Ethics, 1992)


Surgical instrument designed to extract the newborn by the head from the maternal passages without injury to it or the mother.


Sprain of the first METATARSOPHALANGEAL JOINT in the HALLUX commonly found in sport or activity with forefoot hyperextension risk.


The ability or act of sensing and transducing ACOUSTIC STIMULATION to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. It is also called audition.


Pepsinogen
Pepsinogen I
Uropepsinogen
Pepsinogen 5, Group I
Pepsinogen 3, Group I
Pepsinogen A

This is one of 2 related pepsinogen systems in humans and is also known as pepsinogen. (The other is PEPSINOGEN C.) This includes isozymogens Pg1-Pg5 (pepsinogens 1-5, group I or products of PGA1-PGA5 genes). This is the main pepsinogen found in urine.


Disease-Free Survival
Survival, Disease-Free

Period after successful treatment in which there is no appearance of the symptoms or effects of the disease.


A member of the beta-globin family. In humans, epsilon-globin is encoded in the beta-globin gene cluster located on CHROMOSOME 11. Two epsilon-globin chains combine with two ZETA-GLOBIN chains to form the embryonic hemoglobin Gower I or two epsilon-globin chains combine with two ALPHA-2 GLOBIN chains to form the embryonic hemoglobin Gower II.


Sinus Sagittalis Superior
Superior Sagittal Sinus
Superior Longitudinal Sinus

The long large endothelium-lined venous channel on the top outer surface of the brain. It receives blood from a vein in the nasal cavity, runs backwards, and gradually increases in size as blood drains from veins of the brain and the DURA MATER. Near the lower back of the CRANIUM, the superior sagittal sinus deviates to one side (usually the right) and continues on as one of the TRANSVERSE SINUSES.


Programmed Learning
Programmed Instruction as Topic
Textbooks, Programmed
Self-Instruction Programs
Programmed Instructions as Topic

Works about instruction in which learners progress at their own rate using workbooks, textbooks, or electromechanical devices that provide information in discrete steps, test learning at each step, and provide immediate feedback about achievement. (ERIC, Thesaurus of ERIC Descriptors, 1996).


A type II keratin found associated with KERATIN-18 in simple, or predominately single layered, internal epithelia.


A plant genus of the family ROSACEAE widely cultivated as a prickly hedge with bright red berries. Members contain pyracrenic acid (a lupane triterpenoid).


Deoxycytidine Phosphates
Deoxycytosine Nucleotides

Cytosine nucleotides which contain deoxyribose as the sugar moiety.


Shock Therapy, Electric
Convulsive Therapy, Electric
ECT (Psychotherapy)
Electroconvulsive Therapy
Electroshock Therapy

Electrically induced CONVULSIONS primarily used in the treatment of severe AFFECTIVE DISORDERS and SCHIZOPHRENIA.


The family Passeridae comprised of small, mainly brown and grey seed-eating birds with conical bills.


Hepadnaviridae Infections
Infections, Hepadnaviridae

Virus diseases caused by the HEPADNAVIRIDAE.


Environmental Illness
Environmental Hypersensitivity
Illness, Environmental
Environmental Illnesses
Illnesses, Environmental
Hypersensitivity, Environmental
Environmental Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivities, Environmental

A polysymptomatic condition believed by clinical ecologists to result from immune dysregulation induced by common foods, allergens, and chemicals, resulting in various physical and mental disorders. The medical community has remained largely skeptical of the existence of this "disease", given the plethora of symptoms attributed to environmental illness, the lack of reproducible laboratory abnormalities, and the use of unproven therapies to treat the condition. (From Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)


A potent nitrofuran derivative tumor initiator. It causes bladder tumors in all animals studied and is mutagenic to many bacteria.


Heat-Shock Proteins 90
HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins

A class of MOLECULAR CHAPERONES whose members act in the mechanism of SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION by STEROID RECEPTORS.


Complex Regional Pain Syndrome
CRPS (Complex Regional Pain Syndromes)
Complex Regional Pain Syndromes
Pain Syndromes, Regional Complex

Conditions characterized by pain involving an extremity or other body region, HYPERESTHESIA, and localized autonomic dysfunction following injury to soft tissue or nerve. The pain is usually associated with ERYTHEMA; SKIN TEMPERATURE changes, abnormal sudomotor activity (i.e., changes in sweating due to altered sympathetic innervation) or edema. The degree of pain and other manifestations is out of proportion to that expected from the inciting event. Two subtypes of this condition have been described: type I; (REFLEX SYMPATHETIC DYSTROPHY) and type II; (CAUSALGIA). (From Pain 1995 Oct;63(1):127-33)


Epidermal Growth Factor-Related Transforming Growth Factor

An EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR related protein that is found in a variety of tissues including EPITHELIUM, and maternal DECIDUA. It is synthesized as a transmembrane protein which can be cleaved to release a soluble active form which binds to the EGF RECEPTOR.


Nucleoside-2',3'-cyclic phosphate nucleotidohydrolase. Enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of the 2'- or 3'- phosphate bonds of 2',3'-cyclic nucleotides. Also hydrolyzes nucleoside monophosphates. Includes EC 3.1.4.16 and EC 3.1.4.37. EC 3.1.4.-.


Isotonic solutions of mineral salts, such as RINGER'S LACTATE and SODIUM CHLORIDE (SALINE SOLUTION), used in FLUID THERAPY to rehydrate BLOOD VOLUME.


Glass Ionomer Cements
Polyalkenoate Cements
Glass Polyalkenoate Cements
Glass-Ionomer Cement

A polymer obtained by reacting polyacrylic acid with a special anion-leachable glass (alumino-silicate). The resulting cement is more durable and tougher than others in that the materials comprising the polymer backbone do not leach out.


Behavior Therapy, Cognitive
Therapy, Cognition
Psychotherapy, Cognitive
Therapy, Cognitive Behavior
Cognitive Behavior Therapy
Cognition Therapy
Cognitive Psychotherapy
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Cognitive Therapy
Therapy, Cognitive

A directive form of psychotherapy based on the interpretation of situations (cognitive structure of experiences) that determine how an individual feels and behaves. It is based on the premise that cognition, the process of acquiring knowledge and forming beliefs, is a primary determinant of mood and behavior. The therapy uses behavioral and verbal techniques to identify and correct negative thinking that is at the root of the aberrant behavior.


Cytochromes a1
Cytochrome a1
Cytochrome a-1
Cytochrome a(1)

A subclass of heme a containing cytochromes have a reduced alpha-band absorption of 587-592 nm. They are primarily found in microorganisms.


Phosphocholine
Choline Phosphate
Choline Phosphate Chloride
Phosphorylcholine
Phosphorylcholine Chloride
Choline Chloride Dihydrogen Phosphate

Calcium and magnesium salts used therapeutically in hepatobiliary dysfunction.


Aspartyl Kinase
Aspartate Kinase II
Aspartate Kinase III
Aspartate Kinase
Aspartate Kinase I
Aspartokinase

An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of beta-aspartyl phosphate from aspartic acid and ATP. Threonine serves as an allosteric regulator of this enzyme to control the biosynthetic pathway from aspartic acid to threonine. EC 2.7.2.4.


The sounds heard over the cardiac region produced by the functioning of the heart. There are four distinct sounds: the first occurs at the beginning of SYSTOLE and is heard as a "lubb" sound; the second is produced by the closing of the AORTIC VALVE and PULMONARY VALVE and is heard as a "dupp" sound; the third is produced by vibrations of the ventricular walls when suddenly distended by the rush of blood from the HEART ATRIA; and the fourth is produced by atrial contraction and ventricular filling.


Blattidae Cockroaches Cryptocercidae Polyphagidae Cockroach Blattaria Blaberidae Dictyoptera Blattodea

Insects of the order Dictyoptera comprising several families including Blaberidae, BLATTELLIDAE, Blattidae (containing the American cockroach PERIPLANETA americana), Cryptocercidae, and Polyphagidae.


Social Security Administration, United States

United States Social Security Administration

An independent agency within the Executive Branch of the United States Government. It administers a national social insurance program whereby employees, employers, and the self-employed pay contributions into pooled trust funds. Part of the contributions go into a separate hospital insurance trust fund for workers at age 65 to provide help with medical expenses. Other programs include the supplemental social security income program for the aged, blind, and disabled and the Old Age Survivors and Disability Insurance Program. It became an independent agency March 31, 1995. It had previously been part of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, later the Department of Health and Human Services. (From United States Government Manual, 1994-95)


3,6-Diamino Acridine
Proflavin
Proflavine
Proflavine Hemisulfate
3,6-Diaminoacridine

Topical antiseptic used mainly in wound dressings.


Biopsy, Core Needle
Large-Core Needle Biopsy
Biopsy, Large-Core Needle
Core Needle Biopsy

The use of needles usually larger than 14-gauge to remove tissue samples large enough to retain cellular architecture for pathology examination.


Voluntary Hospitals
Not-for-Profit Hospitals Private
Private, Not-for-Profit Hospitals
Not-for-Profit Hospitals Privates
Hospitals Privates, Not-for-Profit
Hospitals, Voluntary
Hospitals, Private, Not-for-Profit

Private, not-for-profit hospitals that are autonomous, self-established, and self-supported.


Medical Tourists
Surgical Tourism
Medical Tourism
Health Tourism

Travel to another country for the purpose of medical treatment or care.


Adenosine Diphosphate Glucose Pyrophosphorylase

An ATP-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the addition of ADP to alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate to form ADP-glucose and diphosphate. The reaction is the rate-limiting reaction in prokaryotic GLYCOGEN and plant STARCH biosynthesis.


Polymyositis, Idiopathic
Myositis, Multiple
Polymyositis
Polymyositis Ossificans

Diseases characterized by inflammation involving multiple muscles. This may occur as an acute or chronic condition associated with medication toxicity (DRUG TOXICITY); CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASES; infections; malignant NEOPLASMS; and other disorders. The term polymyositis is frequently used to refer to a specific clinical entity characterized by subacute or slowly progressing symmetrical weakness primarily affecting the proximal limb and trunk muscles. The illness may occur at any age, but is most frequent in the fourth to sixth decade of life. Weakness of pharyngeal and laryngeal muscles, interstitial lung disease, and inflammation of the myocardium may also occur. Muscle biopsy reveals widespread destruction of segments of muscle fibers and an inflammatory cellular response. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1404-9)


Killer Cell Immunoglobulin-Like Receptor 2DL1

A KIR receptor that has specificity for HLA-C ANTIGENS. It is an inhibitory receptor that contains D1 and D2 extracellular immunoglobulin-like domains and a long cytoplasmic tail. It is similar in structure and function to the KIR2DL2 RECEPTOR and the KIR2DL3 RECEPTORS.


Mating Type, Fungal
Genes, Fungal Mating Type
Genes, Mating Type, Fungal
Fungal Mating-Type Genes

Fungal genes that mostly encode TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS. In some FUNGI they also encode PHEROMONES and PHEROMONE RECEPTORS. The transcription factors control expression of specific proteins that give a cell its mating identity. Opposite mating type identities are required for mating.