The active insecticidal constituent of CHRYSANTHEMUM CINERARIIFOLIUM flowers. Pyrethrin I is the pyretholone ester of chrysanthemummonocarboxylic acid and pyrethrin II is the pyretholone ester of chrysanthemumdicarboxylic acid monomethyl ester.


The capability of bearing live young (rather than eggs) in nonmammalian species. Some species of REPTILES and FISHES exhibit this.


The presence of contaminants or pollutant substances in the air (AIR POLLUTANTS) that interfere with human health or welfare, or produce other harmful environmental effects. The substances may include GASES; PARTICULATE MATTER; or volatile ORGANIC CHEMICALS.


Short thick veins which return blood from the kidneys to the vena cava.


That portion of the body that lies between the THORAX and the PELVIS.


New abnormal growth of tissue in the SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND.


Food product prepared from fermenting, roasting, and grinding seeds of the COCOA plant.


Atomic species differing in mass number but having the same atomic number. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)


The exposure to potentially harmful factors such as trace heavy metals, chemicals, radiation, or toxins due to FOOD CONTAMINATION including DRINKING WATER contamination.


Inorganic compounds that contain sodium as an integral part of the molecule.


Inflammation of both the ENDOMETRIUM and the MYOMETRIUM, usually caused by infections after a CESAREAN SECTION.


Phenomena and pharmaceutics of compounds that inhibit the function of agonists (DRUG AGONISM) and inverse agonists (DRUG INVERSE AGONISM) for a specific receptor. On their own, antagonists produce no effect by themselves to a receptor, and are said to have neither intrinsic activity nor efficacy.


A selective increase in the number of copies of a gene coding for a specific protein without a proportional increase in other genes. It occurs naturally via the excision of a copy of the repeating sequence from the chromosome and its extrachromosomal replication in a plasmid, or via the production of an RNA transcript of the entire repeating sequence of ribosomal RNA followed by the reverse transcription of the molecule to produce an additional copy of the original DNA sequence. Laboratory techniques have been introduced for inducing disproportional replication by unequal crossing over, uptake of DNA from lysed cells, or generation of extrachromosomal sequences from rolling circle replication.


Radical mastectomy with removal of the ipsilateral half of the sternum and a portion of ribs two through five with the underlying pleura and the internal mammary lymph nodes.


A phylum of anaerobic, gram-negative bacteria with a chemoorganotrophic heterotrophic metabolism. They are resident flora of the OROPHARYNX.


Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.


A genus of aquatic fungi in the phylum BLASTOCLADIOMYCOTA. It is abundant in warmer climates and exhibits true alternation of generations.


Trochanteric Fractures
Hip Fractures
Subtrochanteric Fractures
Intertrochanteric Fractures

Fractures of the FEMUR HEAD; the FEMUR NECK; (FEMORAL NECK FRACTURES); the trochanters; or the inter- or subtrochanteric region. Excludes fractures of the acetabulum and fractures of the femoral shaft below the subtrochanteric region (FEMORAL FRACTURES).


The production of a dense fibrous network of neuroglia; includes astrocytosis, which is a proliferation of astrocytes in the area of a degenerative lesion.


It is a client-centered, directive method for eliciting intrinsic motivation to change using open-ended questions, reflective listening, and decisional balancing. This nonjudgmental, nonconfrontational interviewing style is designed to minimize a patient's resistance to change by creating an interaction that supports open discussion of risky or problem behavior.


A slow-growing, photochromogenic species that is the etiologic agent of a tuberculosis-like disease in humans and is frequently isolated from human pulmonary secretions or tubercles. The incidence of infection is sharply increased among immunocompromised individuals. (Dorland, 28th ed)


Addition of methyl groups. In histo-chemistry methylation is used to esterify carboxyl groups and remove sulfate groups by treating tissue sections with hot methanol in the presence of hydrochloric acid. (From Stedman, 25th ed)


A family in the order Liliales, of bulbous or rhizomatous woodland and alpine perennial herbs.


The techniques used to select and/or place only one embryo from FERTILIZATION IN VITRO into the uterine cavity to establish a singleton pregnancy.


The organization, management, and assumption of risks of a business or enterprise, usually implying an element of change or challenge and a new opportunity.


Biphasic dose responses of cells or organisms (including microorganisms) to an exogenous or intrinsic factor, in which the factor induces stimulatory or beneficial effects at low doses and inhibitory or adverse effects at high doses.


A plant genus of the family EUPHORBIACEAE, order Euphorbiales, subclass Rosidae. Commercial natural RUBBER is mainly obtained from Hevea brasiliensis but also from some other plants.


A fibroblast growth factor that is expressed primarily during development.


The downward displacement of the cuspal or pointed end of the trileaflet AORTIC VALVE causing misalignment of the cusps. Severe valve distortion can cause leakage and allow the backflow of blood from the ASCENDING AORTA back into the LEFT VENTRICLE, leading to aortic regurgitation.


The affective response to an actual current external danger which subsides with the elimination of the threatening condition.


The act of regarding attentively and studying facts and occurrences, gathering data through analyzing, measuring, and drawing conclusions, with the purpose of applying the observed information to theoretical assumptions. Observation as a scientific method in the acquisition of knowledge began in classical antiquity; in modern science and medicine its greatest application is facilitated by modern technology. Observation is one of the components of the research process.


Proteins secreted from an organism which form membrane-spanning pores in target cells to destroy them. This is in contrast to PORINS and MEMBRANE TRANSPORT PROTEINS that function within the synthesizing organism and COMPLEMENT immune proteins. These pore forming cytotoxic proteins are a form of primitive cellular defense which are also found in human LYMPHOCYTES.


The removal of fluids or discharges from the body, such as from a wound, sore, or cavity.


The process in which the neutrophil is stimulated by diverse substances, resulting in degranulation and/or generation of reactive oxygen products, and culminating in the destruction of invading pathogens. The stimulatory substances, including opsonized particles, immune complexes, and chemotactic factors, bind to specific cell-surface receptors on the neutrophil.


Surgical reconstruction of the ACETABULUM.


An infection of cutaneous and subcutaneous tissue that consists of a cluster of boils. Commonly, the causative agent is STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS. Carbuncles produce fever, leukocytosis, extreme pain, and prostration.


Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale
Manifest Anxiety Scale

True-false questionnaire made up of items believed to indicate anxiety, in which the subject answers verbally the statement that describes him.


The seventh planet in order from the sun. It is one of the five outer planets of the solar system. It has five known natural satellites.


Institutions with an organized medical staff which provide medical care to patients.


Producing a lesion in the posteroventral portion of the medial GLOBUS PALLIDUS to treat PARKINSON DISEASE and other extrapyramidal disorders. The placement of the lesion is aided by STEREOTACTIC TECHNIQUES and imaging procedures.


General name for two extinct orders of reptiles from the Mesozoic era: Saurischia and Ornithischia.


Unsaturated derivatives of the steroid androstane containing at least one double bond at any site in any of the rings.


A plant genus of the family APIACEAE that is the primary plant source of KHELLIN.


Hemiptera
Treehoppers
Fulgoroidea
Cicadas
Scale Insects
Whiteflies
Aleurodoidea
Psyllids
Leafhoppers
Coccoidea
Cicadelloidea
Homoptera
Cicadoidea
Psylloidea

A large order of insects characterized by having the mouth parts adapted to piercing or sucking. It is comprised of four suborders: HETEROPTERA, Auchenorrhyncha, Sternorrhyncha, and Coleorrhyncha.


A genus of gram-negative, helical bacteria, in the family SPIROPLASMATACEAE, order Entomoplasmatales, causing disease in PLANTS. It has been isolated from TICKS; INSECTS; and PLANTS.


Parental Leave
Paternity Leave
Maternity Leave

The authorized absence from work of either parent prior to and after the birth of their child. It includes also absence because of the illness of a child or at the time of the adoption of a child. It does not include leave for care of siblings, parents, or other family members: for this FAMILY LEAVE is available.


Gallbladder Dyskinesia
Biliary Dyskinesia

A motility disorder characterized by biliary COLIC, absence of GALLSTONES, and an abnormal GALLBLADDER ejection fraction. It is caused by gallbladder dyskinesia and/or SPHINCTER OF ODDI DYSFUNCTION.


The main structural coat protein of COATED VESICLES which play a key role in the intracellular transport between membranous organelles. Each molecule of clathrin consists of three light chains (CLATHRIN LIGHT CHAINS) and three heavy chains (CLATHRIN HEAVY CHAINS) that form a structure called a triskelion. Clathrin also interacts with cytoskeletal proteins.


A psychologic theory, developed by John Broadus Watson, concerned with studying and measuring behaviors that are observable.


A non-neoplastic mass of keratin-producing squamous EPITHELIUM, frequently occurring in the MENINGES; bones of the skull, and most commonly in the MIDDLE EAR and MASTOID region. Cholesteatoma can be congenital or acquired. Cholesteatoma is not a tumor nor is it associated with high CHOLESTEROL.


One of three ossicles of the middle ear. It conducts sound vibrations from the MALLEUS to the STAPES.


The sum of all nonspecific systemic reactions of the body to long-continued exposure to systemic stress.


Movable feathered or membranous paired appendages by means of which certain animals such as birds, bats, or insects are able to fly.


Calcium Chloride
Calcium Chloride, Anhydrous
Calcium Chloride Dihydrate

A salt used to replenish calcium levels, as an acid-producing diuretic, and as an antidote for magnesium poisoning.


Fibers that arise from cell groups within the spinal cord and pass directly to the cerebellum. They include the anterior, posterior, and rostral spinocerebellar tracts, and the cuneocerebellar tract. (From Parent, Carpenter's Human Neuroanatomy, 9th ed, p607)


5-Hydroxymethyl-6-methyl- 2,4-(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione. Uracil derivative used in combination with toxic antibiotics to lessen their toxicity; also to stimulate leukopoiesis and immunity. Synonyms: pentoksil; hydroxymethylmethyluracil.


A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain CHALCONE, helichrysetin, arenarin, and flamin.


Cashew
Anacardium occidentale
Anacardium

A plant genus of the family ANACARDIACEAE. This is the source of the familiar cashew nuts, which are heat treated to remove the irritant toxin. Cashew nut shell liquid (frequently abbreviated as CNSL) is a major source of alkenyl phenolic compounds, especially ANACARDIC ACIDS, cardol, and cardanol.


Transcriptional Elongation Inhibitory Factors

Transcription factors whose primary function is to regulate the rate in which RNA is transcribed.


Assaying the products of or monitoring various biochemical processes and reactions in an individual cell.


Production of drugs or biologicals which are unlikely to be manufactured by private industry unless special incentives are provided by others.


Any compound containing one or more monosaccharide residues bound by a glycosidic linkage to a hydrophobic moiety such as an acylglycerol (see GLYCERIDES), a sphingoid, a ceramide (CERAMIDES) (N-acylsphingoid) or a prenyl phosphate. (From IUPAC's webpage)


A method of treating an ALLERGY by administering ALLERGENS, in liquid formulation or tablets, to the ORAL MUCOSA under the tongue.


A genus of vibrioid or rod-shaped cells which are motile by polar flagella. Internal photosynthetic membranes are present as lamellar stacks and contain bacteriochlorophyll a or b and carotenoids. Growth occurs photoautotrophically under anaerobic conditions. (From Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 9th ed)


A protozoan parasite of rodents transmitted by the mosquito Anopheles stephensi.


Body movements of a human or an animal as a behavioral phenomenon.


The blind sac or outpouching area of the LARGE INTESTINE that is below the entrance of the SMALL INTESTINE. It has a worm-like extension, the vermiform APPENDIX.


The branch of medicine and biomedical science concerned with diseases of the nervous system.


A conjugated protein which is the oxygen-transporting pigment of muscle. It is made up of one globin polypeptide chain and one heme group.


Activities performed to obtain licit or illicit substances.


Positive test results in subjects who do not possess the attribute for which the test is conducted. The labeling of healthy persons as diseased when screening in the detection of disease. (Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)


A genus of green algae found in the Mediterranean and other warm seas.


Endometrial Cycle
Ovarian Cycle
Menstrual Cycle

The cyclic cellular, histological, and functional changes in the OVARY during the MENSTRUAL CYCLE in response to the changing endocrine environment.


The surgical construction of an opening between the colon and the surface of the body.


A plant genus of the family ANNONACEAE. Members contain DITERPENES.


A form of chlorophyll that absorbs light in the violet to red spectrum (approximately 400-700 nm wavelength range) and reflects green light (500-570 nm wavelength), which imparts the characteristic green color to land plants. It is essential for oxygenic PHOTOSYNTHESIS.


Board members of an institution or organization who are entrusted with the administering of funds and the directing of policy.


Raw and processed or manufactured milk and milk-derived products. These are usually from cows (bovine) but are also from goats, sheep, reindeer, and water buffalo.


Inorganic compounds that contain TECHNETIUM as an integral part of the molecule. Technetium 99m (m=metastable) is an isotope of technetium that has a half-life of about 6 hours. Technetium 99, which has a half-life of 210,000 years, is a decay product of technetium 99m.


A psychological state of awareness, the practices that promote this awareness, a mode of processing information and a character trait. As a therapy mindfulness is defined as a moment-to-moment awareness of one's experience without judgment and as a state and not a trait.


An organized and comprehensive program of health care that identifies and reduces a woman's reproductive risks before conception through risk assessment, health promotion, and interventions. Preconception care programs may be designed to include the male partner in providing counseling and educational information in preparation for fatherhood, such as genetic counseling and testing, financial and family planning, etc. This concept is different from PRENATAL CARE, which occurs during pregnancy.


The means of moving persons, animals, goods, or materials from one place to another.


A plant genus of the family APOCYNACEAE. Species of this genus contain YOHIMBINE.


The use of persons coached to feign symptoms or conditions of real diseases in a life-like manner in order to teach or evaluate medical personnel.


Protective places of employment for disabled persons which provide training and employment on a temporary or permanent basis.


Occurs in seeds of Brassica and Crucifera species. Thiouracil has been used as antithyroid, coronary vasodilator, and in congestive heart failure although its use has been largely supplanted by other drugs. It is known to cause blood dyscrasias and suspected of terato- and carcinogenesis.


A plant genus of the family MENISPERMACEAE. Members contain cycleanine.


Ending segregation (separation) of different groups of people, usually based on race, in schools, housing, organizations, etc.


Any of the monobasic inorganic or organic acids of sulfur with the general formula RSO(OH). (From McGraw Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)


Histamine H1 antagonist with pronounced sedative properties. It is used in allergies and as an antitussive, antiemetic, and hypnotic. Doxylamine has also been administered in veterinary applications and was formerly used in PARKINSONISM.


Unstable isotopes of cerium that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Ce atoms with atomic weights 132-135, 137, 139, and 141-148 are radioactive cerium isotopes.


Likelihood Functions
Maximum Likelihood Estimates

Functions constructed from a statistical model and a set of observed data which give the probability of that data for various values of the unknown model parameters. Those parameter values that maximize the probability are the maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters.


Application of a ligature to tie a vessel or strangulate a part.


A professional society concerned with the diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and remediation of speech, language, and hearing disorders.


A quaternary ammonium compound that is an inhibitor of cholinesterase activity with actions similar to those of NEOSTIGMINE, but of longer duration. Ambenonium is given by mouth in the treatment of myasthenia gravis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1112)


Organic compounds that are acyclic and contain three acid groups. A member of this class is citric acid which is the first product formed by reaction of pyruvate and oxaloacetate. (From Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p443)


Surgical excision of the gingiva at the level of its attachment, thus creating new marginal gingiva. This procedure is used to eliminate gingival or periodontal pockets or to provide an approach for extensive surgical interventions, and to gain access necessary to remove calculus within the pocket. (Dorland, 28th ed)


The state of weariness following a period of exertion, mental or physical, characterized by a decreased capacity for work and reduced efficiency to respond to stimuli.


Enzymes of the transferase class that catalyze the transfer of a pentose group from one compound to another.


A family of gram-negative facultatively anaerobic bacteria, ubiquitous in fresh and brackish water, and associated with GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASES.


The vein formed by the union of the anterior and posterior tibial veins; it courses through the popliteal space and becomes the femoral vein.


Conjugated proteins in which mucopolysaccharides are combined with proteins. The mucopolysaccharide moiety is the predominant group with the protein making up only a small percentage of the total weight.


Electron Transport Chain Complex Proteins

A complex of enzymes and PROTON PUMPS located on the inner membrane of the MITOCHONDRIA and in bacterial membranes. The protein complex provides energy in the form of an electrochemical gradient, which may be used by either MITOCHONDRIAL PROTON-TRANSLOCATING ATPASES or BACTERIAL PROTON-TRANSLOCATING ATPASES.


A species of parasitic OOMYCETES in the family Peronosporaceae that is the causative agent of late blight of potato.


Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Personality Disorders
Inadequate Personality
Avoidant Personality Disorder
As If Personality
Impulse-Ridden Personality

A major deviation from normal patterns of behavior.


A species of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria commensal in the respiratory tract.


A species of METHYLOSINUS which is capable of degrading trichloroethylene and other organic pollutants.


Genus of coniferous yew trees or shrubs, several species of which have medicinal uses. Notable is the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia, which is used to make the anti-neoplastic drug taxol (PACLITAXEL).


Steroids whose structure has been expanded by the addition of one or more carbon atoms to the ring skeleton in any of the four rings.


The activated center of a lymphoid follicle in secondary lymphoid tissue where B-LYMPHOCYTES are stimulated by antigens and helper T cells (T-LYMPHOCYTES, HELPER-INDUCER) are stimulated to generate memory cells.


Obesity Management
Obesity Management Systems

An integrated professional approach to screening, evaluation, control, and reduction of abnormal WEIGHT GAIN.


Permanent fixation of the hip in primary positions, with limited passive or active motion at the hip joint. Locomotion is difficult and pain is sometimes present when the hip is in motion. It may be caused by trauma, infection, or poliomyelitis. (From Current Medical Information & Technology, 5th ed)


A species of halophilic archaea whose organisms are nonmotile. Habitats include freshwater and marine mud, animal-waste lagoons, and the rumens of ungulates.


Process in which the mechanisms of projection or displacement are utilized in focusing feelings of aggression, hostility, frustration, etc., upon another individual or group; the amount of blame being unwarranted.


A plant genus of the family ROSACEAE known for the edible fruit.


A plant genus of the family Droseraceae, order Nepenthales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida, that contains naphthoquinone glucosides. The name sundew is rarely used for PYROLA.


Neoplasms of whatever cell type or origin, occurring in the extraskeletal connective tissue framework of the body including the organs of locomotion and their various component structures, such as nerves, blood vessels, lymphatics, etc.


The appearance of the face that is often characteristic of a disease or pathological condition, as the elfin facies of WILLIAMS SYNDROME or the mongoloid facies of DOWN SYNDROME. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)


An order of diurnal BIRDS of prey, including EAGLES; HAWKS; buzzards; vultures; and falcons.


The repeated weak excitation of brain structures, that progressively increases sensitivity to the same stimulation. Over time, this can lower the threshold required to trigger seizures.


Genus of BACTERIA in the family Frankiaceae. They are nitrogen-fixing root-nodule symbionts of many species of woody dicotyledonous plants.


An order of ciliate protozoa. Characteristics include a dorsoventrally flattened, highly mobile body with a unique cursorial type of locomotion.


A foul-smelling accumulation of SEBUM and desquaminated epidermal cells, especially the cheesy substance found under the foreskin of the penis and at the base of the labia minor near the clitoris.


Mycoplasma incognitus
Mycoplasma fermentans

A species of the genus MYCOPLASMA, originally isolated infrequently from the lower genital tract of humans, and possessing uncertain pathogenicity. The incognitus strain of M. fermentans has been identified in necrotizing lesions of multiple organs from AIDS and non-AIDS patients dying of an acute influenza-like disease.


A genus of European newts in the Salamandridae family. The two species of this genus are Salamandra salamandra (European "fire" salamander) and Salamandra atra (European alpine salamander).


A plant genus of the family Melanthiaceae that is a short plant with a distinct whorl of 3 broad leaves.


Fluids originating from the epithelial lining of the intestines, adjoining exocrine glands and from organs such as the liver, which empty into the cavity of the intestines.


Civil Rights
Legal Rights
Minority Rights
Equal Protection
Voting Rights
Due Process

The rights as applied to members of racial, ethnic, class, religious, linguistic or gender and sexual minorities; and, the collective rights accorded to minority groups. Minority rights may also apply simply to individual rights of anyone who is not part of a majority decision.


An element that is an alkali metal. It has an atomic symbol Rb, atomic number 37, and atomic weight 85.47. It is used as a chemical reagent and in the manufacture of photoelectric cells.


Electric conductors through which electric currents enter or leave a medium, whether it be an electrolytic solution, solid, molten mass, gas, or vacuum.


Change of heartbeat induced by pressure on the eyeball, manipulation of extraocular muscles, or pressure upon the tissue remaining in the orbital apex after enucleation.


A genus of OOMYCETES in the family Peronosporaceae. Most species are obligatory parasites and many are plant pathogens.


Ancillary Information Systems
Perinatal Information System
Information Retrieval Systems
Information Systems
Emergency Care Information Systems

Integrated set of files, procedures, and equipment for the storage, manipulation, and retrieval of information.


A strain of mice bred specifically as high or low antibody responders.


A group of GLYCOLIPIDS in which the sugar group is GALACTOSE. They are distinguished from GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS in lacking nitrogen. They constitute the majority of MEMBRANE LIPIDS in PLANTS.


Procedure in which patients are induced into an unconscious state through use of various medications so that they do not feel pain during surgery.


Used as a pH indicator and as a reagent for blood after decolorizing the alkaline solution by boiling with zinc dust.


The philosophical view that conceptions of truth and moral values are not absolute but are relative to the persons or groups holding them. (from American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 4th ed)


Study of stamps or postal markings. It usually refers to the design and commemorative aspects of the stamp.


An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Lu, atomic number 71, and atomic weight 175.


Physiologic loss of the primary dentition. (Zwemer, Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed)


A moderately malignant neoplasm composed of primitive neuroectodermal cells dispersed in myxomatous or fibrous stroma intermixed with mature ganglion cells. It may undergo transformation into a neuroblastoma. It arises from the sympathetic trunk or less frequently from the adrenal medulla, cerebral cortex, and other locations. Cervical ganglioneuroblastomas may be associated with HORNER SYNDROME and the tumor may occasionally secrete vasoactive intestinal peptide, resulting in chronic diarrhea.


Centers for acquiring and storing semen.


A pathological accumulation of air in tissues or organs.


Techniques to partition various components of the cell into SUBCELLULAR FRACTIONS.


Species in the genus NEORICKETTSIA, causing "salmon poisoning" disease in DOGS.


Salivary Glycosylated-Basic Proline-Rich Proteins

A family of proline-rich proteins that constitute the majority of the protein component of SALIVA. Salivary proline-rich proteins occur as acidic, basic and glycosylated basic proteins. They perform a variety of functions such as adhering to the acquired ENAMEL PELLICLE, acting as lubricants and precipitating TANNINS.


Brain Abscess, Multiple
Brain Abscess, Sterile
Brain Abscess, Child
Cerebral Abscess
Brain Abscess
Brain Abscess, Pyogenic

A circumscribed collection of purulent exudate in the brain, due to bacterial and other infections. The majority are caused by spread of infected material from a focus of suppuration elsewhere in the body, notably the PARANASAL SINUSES, middle ear (see EAR, MIDDLE); HEART (see also ENDOCARDITIS, BACTERIAL), and LUNG. Penetrating CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA and NEUROSURGICAL PROCEDURES may also be associated with this condition. Clinical manifestations include HEADACHE; SEIZURES; focal neurologic deficits; and alterations of consciousness. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp712-6)


A form of CARDIAC MUSCLE disease, characterized by left and/or right ventricular hypertrophy (HYPERTROPHY, LEFT VENTRICULAR; HYPERTROPHY, RIGHT VENTRICULAR), frequent asymmetrical involvement of the HEART SEPTUM, and normal or reduced left ventricular volume. Risk factors include HYPERTENSION; AORTIC STENOSIS; and gene MUTATION; (FAMILIAL HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY).


The immovable joint formed by the lateral surfaces of the SACRUM and ILIUM.


Includes both producing and responding to words, either written or spoken.


A family of monopartite RNA plant viruses resembling picornaviruses and containing two genera: SEQUIVIRUS and WAIKAVIRUS. Transmission is by aphids or leafhoppers and requires a helper protein.


A starch found in the tubers and roots of many plants. Since it is hydrolyzable to FRUCTOSE, it is classified as a fructosan. It has been used in physiologic investigation for determination of the rate of glomerular function.


A flexible, stage-based therapy that combines principles of behavior therapy, cognitive behavior therapy, and MINDFULNESS. It concurrently promotes acceptance and change, especially with difficult-to-treat patients.


Characteristics or attributes of persons or things which elicit pleasurable feelings.


A species of thermophilic CAMPYLOBACTER found in healthy seagulls and causing ENTERITIS in humans.


Extremely large amounts of data which require rapid and often complex computational analyses to reveal patterns, trends, and associations, relating to various facets of human and non-human entities.


An element of the alkaline earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Sr, atomic number 38, and atomic weight 87.62.


An element with the atomic symbol Ag, atomic number 47, and atomic weight 107.87. It is a soft metal that is used medically in surgical instruments, dental prostheses, and alloys. Long-continued use of silver salts can lead to a form of poisoning known as ARGYRIA.


The circulation of nitrogen in nature, consisting of a cycle of biochemical reactions in which atmospheric nitrogen is compounded, dissolved in rain, and deposited in the soil, where it is assimilated and metabolized by animals, plants, bacteria, and fungi, eventually returning to the atmosphere by bacterial decomposition of organic matter.


Rare disease characterized by suprachoroidal fluid accumulation between the CHOROID and the SCLERA, annular detachment of the CHOROID, often with secondary RETINAL DETACHMENT; OPTIC DISK EDEMA, and minimal signs of UVEITIS and INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE changes.


A condition occurring in the female offspring of dizygotic twins (TWIN, DIZYGOTIC) in a mixed-sex pregnancy, usually in CATTLE. Freemartinism can occur in other mammals. When placental fusion between the male and the female FETUSES permits the exchange of fetal cells and fetal hormones, TESTICULAR HORMONES from the male fetus can androgenize the female fetus producing a sterile XX/XY chimeric "female"(CHIMERISM).


A carcinoma composed mainly of epithelial elements with little or no stroma. Medullary carcinomas of the breast constitute 5%-7% of all mammary carcinomas; medullary carcinomas of the thyroid comprise 3%-10% of all thyroid malignancies. (From Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1141; Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)


Phosphonates
Phosphonic Acid Esters
Organophosphonates

Carbon-containing phosphonic acid compounds. Included under this heading are compounds that have carbon bound to either OXYGEN atom or the PHOSPHOROUS atom of the (P=O)O2 structure.


Compounds consisting of formaldehyde, cresol, GLYCERIN, and water. They are  used in the PULPOTOMY of PRIMARY TEETH and as ROOT CANAL IRRIGANTS.


Policies and programs which ensure that DISPLACED PERSONS and chronic illnesses receive the support and SOCIAL SERVICES needed to live in their communities.


Antibodies found in adult RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS patients that are directed against GAMMA-CHAIN IMMUNOGLOBULINS.


A malignant neoplasm that contains elements of carcinoma and sarcoma so extensively intermixed as to indicate neoplasia of epithelial and mesenchymal tissue. (Stedman, 25th ed)


The position or physical attitude of the body.


Antithrombin I refers to the capacity of fibrin to absorb or occlude thrombin and thus neutralize (but not inactivate) it.


Ducts that serve exclusively for the passage of eggs from the ovaries to the exterior of the body. In non-mammals, they are termed oviducts. In mammals, they are highly specialized and known as FALLOPIAN TUBES.


A plant family of the order Lamiales. The family is characterized by oppositely paired, usually compound leaves and bell- or funnel-shaped, bisexual flowers having a five-lobed calyx and corolla.


A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE that contains 5-methoxydehydropodophyllotoxin (a PODOPHYLLOTOXIN) and other LIGNANS.


Carboxylic acid derivatives of cyclohexane.


A quality-of-life scale developed in the United States in 1972 as a measure of health status or dysfunction generated by a disease. It is a behaviorally based questionnaire for patients and addresses activities such as sleep and rest, mobility, recreation, home management, emotional behavior, social interaction, and the like. It measures the patient's perceived health status and is sensitive enough to detect changes or differences in health status occurring over time or between groups. (From Medical Care, vol.xix, no.8, August 1981, p.787-805)


The inner of the three germ layers of an embryo.


An encephalomyelitis of horses, sheep and cattle caused by BORNA DISEASE VIRUS.


A genus of GRAM-POSITIVE ENDOSPORE-FORMING RODS in the family Paenibacillaceae. Most strains have been isolated from the natural environment, particularly soils.


A region of the lower extremity immediately surrounding and including the KNEE JOINT.


A congenital defect in which the mouth is unusually small. (Dorland, 27th ed)


One of the SHIGELLA species that produces bacillary dysentery (DYSENTERY, BACILLARY).


An analgesic with mixed narcotic agonist-antagonist properties.


A retention cyst of the salivary gland, lacrimal sac, paranasal sinuses, appendix, or gallbladder. (Stedman, 26th ed)


Posterior Capsulotomy, Laser
Posterior Capsulotomy

Procedures performed to remove CAPSULE OPACIFICATION that develops on the POSTERIOR CAPSULE OF THE LENS following removal of a primary CATARACT.


A porelike structure surrounding the entire circumference of the anterior chamber through which aqueous humor circulates to the canal of Schlemm.


Rare and common diseases lacking a diagnosis.


A form of invasive candidiasis where species of CANDIDA are present in the blood.


A respiratory distress syndrome in newborn infants, usually premature infants with insufficient PULMONARY SURFACTANTS. The disease is characterized by the formation of a HYALINE-like membrane lining the terminal respiratory airspaces (PULMONARY ALVEOLI) and subsequent collapse of the lung (PULMONARY ATELECTASIS).


Dialysis fluid being introduced into and removed from the peritoneal cavity as either a continuous or an intermittent procedure.


A genus of bacteria found in the reproductive organs, intestinal tract, and oral cavity of animals and man. Some species are pathogenic.


The distal segment of the LARGE INTESTINE, between the SIGMOID COLON and the ANAL CANAL.


The genetic complement of an organism, including all of its GENES, as represented in its DNA, or in some cases, its RNA.


Gonadal neoplasm composed entirely of SERTOLI CELLS or may have a component of GRANULOSA CELLS. Some of the Sertoli cell tumors produce ESTROGEN or ANDROGENS, but seldom in sufficient quantity to cause clinical symptoms such as FEMINIZATION or masculinization (VIRILISM).


A genus of GRAM-POSITIVE ENDOSPORE-FORMING BACTERIA in the family Bacillaceae. Most species have been isolated from HOT SPRINGS.


Carbamazepine Dihydrate
Carbamazepine
Carbamazepine Sulfate (2:1)
Carbamazepine Anhydrous
Epitol
Amizepine
Tegretol
Carbamazepine Hydrochloride
Neurotol
Carbamazepine Acetate
Finlepsin
Carbazepin
Carbamazepine L-Tartrate (4:1)
Carbamazepine Phosphate

A dibenzazepine that acts as a sodium channel blocker. It is used as an anticonvulsant for the treatment of grand mal and psychomotor or focal SEIZURES. It may also be used in the management of BIPOLAR DISORDER, and has analgesic properties.


The gamete-producing glands, OVARY or TESTIS.


The region of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that appears lighter in color than the other type, GRAY MATTER. It mainly consists of MYELINATED NERVE FIBERS and contains few neuronal cell bodies or DENDRITES.


Monoterpenes that include a cyclopentane ring in their structure.


A method for determining the sequence specificity of DNA-binding proteins. DNA footprinting utilizes a DNA damaging agent (either a chemical reagent or a nuclease) which cleaves DNA at every base pair. DNA cleavage is inhibited where the ligand binds to DNA. (from Rieger et al., Glossary of Genetics: Classical and Molecular, 5th ed)


Compressed gases or vapors in a container which, upon release of pressure and expansion through a valve, carry another substance from the container. They are used for cosmetics, household cleaners, and so on. Examples are BUTANES; CARBON DIOXIDE; FLUOROCARBONS; NITROGEN; and PROPANE. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)


Subjective feeling of having committed an error, offense or sin; unpleasant feeling of self-criticism. These result from acts, impulses, or thoughts contrary to one's personal conscience.


An assessment of a patient's illness, its chronicity, severity, and other qualitative aspects.


Disposal, processing, controlling, recycling, and reusing the solid, liquid, and gaseous wastes of plants, animals, humans, and other organisms. It includes control within a closed ecological system to maintain a habitable environment.


A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. Members of this genus can cause CONTACT DERMATITIS.


A nucleoside consisting of the base guanine and the sugar deoxyribose.


A genus of EUKARYOTES, in the phylum EUGLENIDA, found mostly in stagnant water. Characteristics include a pellicle usually marked by spiral or longitudinal striations.


Urban Population
Urban Spatial Distribution

The inhabitants of a city or town, including metropolitan areas and suburban areas.


A family of the order Anura, distinguished by the lack of a tongue. It includes four living genera of aquatic "toads". Two of the most familiar pipids are the popularly called Surinam "toad" (Pipa pipa) and XENOPUS LAEVIS.


Performance, usually in school work, poorer than that predicted from aptitude and/or intelligence testing.


Paraparesis, Chronic Progressive
Paraparesis, Hypotonic
Paraparesis, Cerebral
Paraparesis, Spinal
Paraparesis

Mild to moderate loss of bilateral lower extremity motor function, which may be a manifestation of SPINAL CORD DISEASES; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; MUSCULAR DISEASES; INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION; parasagittal brain lesions; and other conditions.


Placenta Percreta
Placenta Accreta
Placenta Increta

Invasion of CHORIONIC VILLI occurs through the MYOMETRIUM penetrating the uterine SEROSA.


A genus in the family ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE causing influenza and other diseases in humans and animals. It contains many strains as well as antigenic subtypes of the integral membrane proteins hemagglutinin (HEMAGGLUTININS) and NEURAMINIDASE. The type species is INFLUENZA A VIRUS.


Suspension or cessation of OVULATION in animals or humans with follicle-containing ovaries (OVARIAN FOLLICLE). Depending on the etiology, OVULATION may be induced with appropriate therapy.


Steroids with methyl groups at C-10 and C-13 and a branched 8-carbon chain at C-17. Members include compounds with any degree of unsaturation; however, CHOLESTADIENES is available for derivatives containing two double bonds.


Individuals with a degree in veterinary medicine that provides them with training and qualifications to treat diseases and injuries of animals.


A species of gram-negative bacteria in the genus PSEUDOMONAS. All strains can utilize FRUCTOSE for energy. It is occasionally isolated from humans and some strains are pathogenic to WATERMELON.


Method of analyzing chemicals using automation.


Increase in the longest dimension of a bone to correct anatomical deficiencies, congenital, traumatic, or as a result of disease. The lengthening is not restricted to long bones. The usual surgical methods are internal fixation and distraction.


Radiography of the gallbladder after ingestion of a contrast medium.


Family Planning Information Centers
Information Centers

Facilities for collecting and organizing information. They may be specialized by subject field, type of source material, persons served, location, or type of services.


The presence in food of harmful, unpalatable, or otherwise objectionable foreign substances, e.g. chemicals, microorganisms or diluents, before, during, or after processing or storage.


The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the HEART ATRIA.


Cross-Training, Employee
Staff Development
Human Resources Development

The process by which the employer promotes staff performance and efficiency consistent with management goals and objectives.


The body region lying between the genital area and the ANUS on the surface of the trunk, and to the shallow compartment lying deep to this area that is inferior to the PELVIC DIAPHRAGM. The surface area is between the VULVA and the anus in the female, and between the SCROTUM and the anus in the male.


Gram negative microaerophilic bacteria of the phylum PROTEOBACTERIA, class  EPSILONPROTEOBACTERIA.


A depolarizing neuromuscular-blocking agent, that causes persistent nicotinic activation resulting in spastic paralysis of susceptible nematodes. It is a drug of second-choice after benzimidazoles for treatment of ascariasis, hookworm, and pinworm infections, being effective after a single dose. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, p920)


A bluish or purplish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes due to an increase in the amount of deoxygenated hemoglobin in the blood or a structural defect in the hemoglobin molecule.


A genus of fungi of the family Agaricaceae, order Agaricales; most species are poisonous.


Sodium Huminate
Humic Substances
Humic Acids

A complex mixture of dark colored hetero-polymeric phenolic compounds found in HUMUS; COAL; and PEAT; resulting from the decomposition of organic matter, particularly dead plants. They are soluble in alkali and carbonates, only slightly soluble at physiological pH, and can chelate metals.


A plant genus of the family BORAGINACEAE. Members contain GAMMA-LINOLENIC ACID and PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOIDS.


A degraded form of GINKGOLIDES that have three LACTONES and a unique tert-butyl group which are found in GINKGO plants.


Twelve pairs of nerves that carry general afferent, visceral afferent, special afferent, somatic efferent, and autonomic efferent fibers.


Dioxygenases that catalyze the peroxidation of methylene-interrupted UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS.


A strand of primary conductive plant tissue consisting essentially of XYLEM, PHLOEM, and CAMBIUM.


A plant genus of the family CISTACEAE. The common name of rock rose is also sometimes used with the closely related Helianthemum genus (CISTACEAE).


A Fibers
B Fibers
Nerve Fibers, Myelinated

Type A fibers are the myelinated fibers ranging from 1-22 um in diameter with NEURAL CONDUCTION rates of 5-120 m/sec. They are the typical myelinated fibers of spinal nerves. Type A fibers are further subdivided into alpha, beta, gamma, and delta fibers.


TEACHING and administrative staff having academic rank in a post-secondary educational institution.


Veins which return blood from the intestines; the inferior mesenteric vein empties into the splenic vein, the superior mesenteric vein joins the splenic vein to form the portal vein.


A genus of GRAM-POSITIVE ENDOSPORE-FORMING RODS in the family BACILLACEAE. They have been isolated from salty environments, food, water, and clinical specimens.


Cerebral Ventriculitis
Infectious Ventriculitis


The extraction and recovery of usable or valuable material from scrap or other discarded materials. (from McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed.)


PROCEDURES that use NEUROENDOSCOPES for disease diagnosis and treatment. Neuroendoscopy, generally an integration of the neuroendoscope with a computer-assisted NEURONAVIGATION system, provides guidance in NEUROSURGICAL PROCEDURES.


A property of the surface of an object that makes it stick to another surface.


Colchicine, (R)-Isomer
Colchicine, (+-)-Isomer
Colchicine

A major alkaloid from Colchicum autumnale L. and found also in other Colchicum species. Its primary therapeutic use is in the treatment of gout, but it has been used also in the therapy of familial Mediterranean fever (PERIODIC DISEASE).


Dimaprit Maleate (1:1)
Dimaprit Dihydrochloride
Dimaprit

A histamine H2 receptor agonist that is often used to study the activity of histamine and its receptors.


The amount of a particular food one chooses to eat at a single meal. It is different from SERVING SIZE, which is a reference amount of food as defined by an authoritative source, such as the Food Guide Pyramid devised by the UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE.


A genus of gram-negative, chemoorganotrophic bacteria in the family Sphingobacteriaceae. They lack FLAGELLA but some species exhibit sliding motility.


A group of pathogens comprising the smallest known agents of infectious disease. They are unencapsulated and are capable of replicating autonomously in susceptible cells. Positively identified viroids composed of single-stranded RNA have been isolated from higher plants, but the existence of DNA viroids pathogenic to animals is suspected.


An acute febrile, contagious, viral disease of birds caused by an AVULAVIRUS called NEWCASTLE DISEASE VIRUS. It is characterized by respiratory and nervous symptoms in fowl and is transmissible to man causing a severe, but transient conjunctivitis.


Care of the newborn infant in a crib near the mother's bed, instead of in a nursery, during the hospital stay.


Inorganic or organic compounds containing trivalent iron.


Deletion of sequences of nucleic acids from the genetic material of an individual.


A taxonomic order of plants within the class MAGNOLIOPSIDA, which includes the staff vine.


A solventless sample preparation method, invented in 1989, that uses a fused silica fiber which is coated with a stationary phase. It is used for sample cleanup before using other analytical methods.


Muscle Spasticity
Spastic
Clasp-Knife Spasticity

A form of muscle hypertonia associated with upper MOTOR NEURON DISEASE. Resistance to passive stretch of a spastic muscle results in minimal initial resistance (a "free interval") followed by an incremental increase in muscle tone. Tone increases in proportion to the velocity of stretch. Spasticity is usually accompanied by HYPERREFLEXIA and variable degrees of MUSCLE WEAKNESS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p54)


Eliminative Behavior, Animal
Eliminative Behavior

Behavior associated with the elimination of feces and urine from the body.


Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Rebuilding of the ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT to restore functional stability of the knee. AUTOGRAFTING or ALLOGRAFTING of tissues is often used.


The process of helping patients to effectively and efficiently use the health care system when faced with one or more of these challenges: (1) choosing, understanding, and using health coverage or applying for assistance when uninsured; (2) choosing, using, and understanding different types of health providers and services; (3) making treatment decisions; and (4) managing care received by multiple providers.


Recurrent genital pain occurring during, before, or after SEXUAL INTERCOURSE in either the male or the female.


A measure of human size, shape, proportion, composition, maturation, and gross function; in relation to body movement, physical exercise, fitness, and performance.


The mesenchymal cells which line the DENTAL PULP CAVITY and produce DENTIN. They have a columnar morphology in the coronal pulp but are cuboidal in the root pulp, or when adjacent to tertiary dentin.


Organizations comprising wage and salary workers in health-related fields for the purpose of improving their status and conditions. The concept includes labor union activities toward providing health services to members.


Histone Arginine Demethylases
Histone Lysine Demethylases
Histone Demethylases

Enzymes that catalyse the removal of methyl groups from LYSINE or ARGININE residues found on HISTONES. Many histone demethylases generally function through an oxidoreductive mechanism.


Repressor Proteins
Repressor Molecules
Transcriptional Silencing Factors

Proteins which maintain the transcriptional quiescence of specific GENES or OPERONS. Classical repressor proteins are DNA-binding proteins that are normally bound to the OPERATOR REGION of an operon, or the ENHANCER SEQUENCES of a gene until a signal occurs that causes their release.


alpha-Bungarotoxin beta-Bungarotoxin Bungarotoxins kappa-Bungarotoxin

Neurotoxic proteins from the venom of the banded or Formosan krait (Bungarus multicinctus, an elapid snake). alpha-Bungarotoxin blocks nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and has been used to isolate and study them; beta- and gamma-bungarotoxins act presynaptically causing acetylcholine release and depletion. Both alpha and beta forms have been characterized, the alpha being similar to the large, long or Type II neurotoxins from other elapid venoms.


Steroids containing the fundamental tetracyclic unit with no methyl groups at C-10 and C-13 and with no side chain at C-17. The concept includes both saturated and unsaturated derivatives.


The process which spontaneously arrests the flow of BLOOD from vessels carrying blood under pressure. It is accomplished by contraction of the vessels, adhesion and aggregation of formed blood elements (eg. ERYTHROCYTE AGGREGATION), and the process of BLOOD COAGULATION.


An establishment where meals are cooked, sold and served to customers.


Prospective patient listings for appointments or treatments.


Foodstuff used especially for domestic and laboratory animals, or livestock.


A disease characterized by suppurative and granulomatous lesions in the respiratory tract, upper alimentary tract, skin, kidneys, joints, and other tissues. Actinobacillus lignieresii infects cattle and sheep while A. equuli infects horses and pigs.


Experimental devices used in inhalation studies in which a person or animal is either partially or completely immersed in a chemically controlled atmosphere.


A live attenuated virus vaccine of chick embryo origin, used for routine immunization of children and for immunization of adolescents and adults who have not had measles or been immunized with live measles vaccine and have no serum antibodies against measles. Children are usually immunized with measles-mumps-rubella combination vaccine. (From Dorland, 28th ed)


The process of intracellular viral multiplication, consisting of the synthesis of PROTEINS; NUCLEIC ACIDS; and sometimes LIPIDS, and their assembly into a new infectious particle.


A method of soothing PREMATURE INFANTS during POSTNATAL CARE. It involves holding the infant's arms and legs in flexed positions close to the midline of the TORSO.


A competitive histamine H2-receptor antagonist. Its main pharmacodynamic effect is the inhibition of gastric secretion.


Baked food product made of flour or meal that is moistened, kneaded, and sometimes fermented. A major food since prehistoric times, it has been made in various forms using a variety of ingredients and methods.


A genus of ornamental plants in the family ASTERACEAE, often found near water.


A species of strictly anaerobic, hyperthermophilic archaea which lives in geothermally-heated marine sediments. It exhibits heterotropic growth by fermentation or sulfur respiration.


A species of gram-negative bacteria, in the genus XANTHOMONAS, causing disease in TOMATO and pepper crops.


Stromal Dystrophies, Corneal
Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary
Granular Dystrophy, Corneal
Groenouw's Dystrophies
Macular Dystrophy, Corneal

Bilateral hereditary disorders of the cornea, usually autosomal dominant, which may be present at birth but more frequently develop during adolescence and progress slowly throughout life. Central macular dystrophy is transmitted as an autosomal recessive defect.


A completely man-made radioactive actinide with atomic symbol Am, and atomic number 95. Its valence can range from +3 to +6. Because of its nonmagnetic ground state, it is an excellent superconductor. It is also used in bone mineral analysis and as a radiation source for radiotherapy.


A condition of an abnormally low level of PHOSPHATES in the blood.


The industry concerned with processing, preparing, preserving, distributing, and serving of foods and beverages.


Attitude of Health Personnel
Staff Attitude

Attitudes of personnel toward their patients, other professionals, toward the medical care system, etc.


The motivational and/or affective state resulting from being blocked, thwarted, disappointed or defeated.


Organothiophosphonate Poisoning
Organothiophosphate Poisoning
Organophosphorus Poisoning
Organophosphate Poisoning

Poisoning due to exposure to ORGANOTHIOPHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS.


The expected and characteristic pattern of behavior exhibited by an individual as a member of a particular social group.


Photosynthetic Reaction Center Complex Proteins

Protein complexes that take part in the process of PHOTOSYNTHESIS. They are located within the THYLAKOID MEMBRANES of plant CHLOROPLASTS and a variety of structures in more primitive organisms. There are two major complexes involved in the photosynthetic process called PHOTOSYSTEM I and PHOTOSYSTEM II.


Proteins whose abnormal expression (gain or loss) are associated with the development, growth, or progression of NEOPLASMS. Some neoplasm proteins are tumor antigens (ANTIGENS, NEOPLASM), i.e. they induce an immune reaction to their tumor. Many neoplasm proteins have been characterized and are used as tumor markers (BIOMARKERS, TUMOR) when they are detectable in cells and body fluids as monitors for the presence or growth of tumors. Abnormal expression of ONCOGENE PROTEINS is involved in neoplastic transformation, whereas the loss of expression of TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEINS is involved with the loss of growth control and progression of the neoplasm.


A protein component of the synaptic basal lamina. It has been shown to induce clustering of acetylcholine receptors on the surface of muscle fibers and other synaptic molecules in both synapse regeneration and development.


The ratio of the dose that produces toxicity to the dose that produces a clinically desired or effective response.


The study of religion and religious belief, or a particular system or school of religious beliefs and teachings (from online Cambridge Dictionary of American English, 2000 and WordNet: An Electronic Lexical Database, 1997)


Oral History as Topic
Group Interviews
Interviews as Topic
Interviews, Telephone
Interviewers

An area of historical research and method of gathering, preserving and interpreting the voices and memories of people, communities, and participants in past events.


Turkey astrovirus
Avastrovirus
Chicken astrovirus
Avian nephritis virus

A genus of ASTROVIRIDAE infecting avian species and often involving extra-intestinal manifestations. The type species is Turkey astrovirus.


Sideroxylon Argania Tieghemella Sapotaceae

A genus that has triterpenoid saponins in the root.


A malignant tumor composed of cells showing differentiation toward sebaceous epithelium. The tumor is solitary, firm, somewhat raised, more or less translucent, and covered with normal or slightly verrucose epidermis. It may be yellow or orange. The face and scalp are the commonest sites. The growth can be slow or rapid but metastasis is uncommon. Surgery cures most of the cases. (From Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, pp2403-4)


Common name for one of five species of small PARROTS, containing long tails.


Accounts Payable
Accounts Payable and Receivable

Short-term debt obligations and assets occurring in the regular course of operational transactions.


A species of gram-negative, aerobic BACTERIA consisting of short chains of rods. It has been isolated from the PHARYNX of healthy individuals and patients with ENDOCARDITIS. There are several recognized subspecies.


Act of striking a part with short, sharp blows as an aid in diagnosing the condition beneath the sound obtained.


The thickest and spongiest part of the maxilla and mandible hollowed out into deep cavities for the teeth.


A genus of GRAM-POSITIVE ENDOSPORE-FORMING BACTERIA in the family BACILLACEAE. Species are widely distributed in a variety of hypersaline environments.


Liquids that are suitable for drinking. (From Merriam Webster Collegiate Dictionary, 10th ed)


Abnormal communication between two ARTERIES that may result from injury or occur as a congenital abnormality.


Process of capturing very reduced images for preservation and storage.


E-Z-CAT
Baritop
Micropaque Oral
Barium Sulfate (2:1)
Barium Sulfate
Barite

A compound used as an x-ray contrast medium that occurs in nature as the mineral barite. It is also used in various manufacturing applications and mixed into heavy concrete to serve as a radiation shield.


Surgical excision, performed under general anesthesia, of the atheromatous tunica intima of an artery. When reconstruction of an artery is performed as an endovascular procedure through a catheter, it is called ATHERECTOMY.


A genus of insect in the mealybug family Pseudococcidae.


Any of three isomeric compounds (ortho-, meta-, and para-) containing a benzene ring with a methyl and amino group attached to it. They are suspected CARCINOGENS.


Accumulations of solid or liquid animal excreta usually from stables and barnyards with or without litter material. Its chief application is as a fertilizer. (From Webster's 3d ed)


Sodium or potassium salts of long chain fatty acids. These detergent substances are obtained by boiling natural oils or fats with caustic alkali. Sodium soaps are harder and are used as topical anti-infectives and vehicles in pills and liniments; potassium soaps are soft, used as vehicles for ointments and also as topical antimicrobials.


Devices for accelerating charged particles in a spiral path by a constant-frequency alternating electric field. This electric field is synchronized with the movement of the particles in a constant magnetic field.


A genus GREEN ALGAE in the order VOLVOCIDA. It consists of solitary biflagellated organisms common in fresh water and damp soil.


A plant genus of the family ERICACEAE known for species with edible fruits.


Negative Binomial Distribution
Binomial Distribution
Bernoulli Distribution

The probability distribution associated with two mutually exclusive outcomes; used to model cumulative incidence rates and prevalence rates. The Bernoulli distribution is a special case of binomial distribution.


ANTHRAX outbreak that occurred in 1979 and was associated with a research facility in Sverdlovsk, in the Ural mountain region of central RUSSIA. Most victims worked or lived in a narrow zone extending from the facility. The zone of anthrax-caused livestock mortality paralleled the northerly wind that prevailed shortly before the outbreak. It was concluded that an escape of ANTHRAX caused outbreak.


A species of gram-positive bacteria in the family Clostridiaceae. It is distinctive for its ability to ferment ETHANOL to caproic acid.


Renal Artery Obstruction
Renal Artery Stenosis

Narrowing or occlusion of the RENAL ARTERY or arteries. It is due usually to ATHEROSCLEROSIS; FIBROMUSCULAR DYSPLASIA; THROMBOSIS; EMBOLISM, or external pressure. The reduced renal perfusion can lead to renovascular hypertension (HYPERTENSION, RENOVASCULAR).


The caring for individuals in institutions and their adaptation to routines characteristic of the institutional environment, and/or their loss of adaptation to life outside the institution.


Tests or bioassays that measure the skin sensitization potential of various chemicals.


Use of marketing principles also used to sell products to consumers to promote ideas, attitudes and behaviors. Design and use of programs seeking to increase the acceptance of a social idea or practice by target groups, not for the benefit of the marketer, but to benefit the target audience and the general society.


A form of supportive psychotherapy in which the patient is given carefully selected material to read.


An atom or group of atoms that have a positive or negative electric charge due to a gain (negative charge) or loss (positive charge) of one or more electrons. Atoms with a positive charge are known as CATIONS; those with a negative charge are ANIONS.


The administration of substances into the VITREOUS BODY of the eye with a hypodermic syringe.


An enterovirus infection of swine clinically indistinguishable from FOOT-AND-MOUTH DISEASE, vesicular stomatitis, and VESICULAR EXANTHEMA OF SWINE. It is caused by a strain of HUMAN ENTEROVIRUS B.


A vitamin-K dependent zymogen present in the blood, which, upon activation by thrombin and thrombomodulin exerts anticoagulant properties by inactivating factors Va and VIIIa at the rate-limiting steps of thrombin formation.


A number of tests used to determine if the brain or balance portion of the inner ear are causing dizziness.


Adherence of cells to surfaces or to other cells.


The formation of cartilage. This process is directed by CHONDROCYTES which continually divide and lay down matrix during development. It is sometimes a precursor to OSTEOGENESIS.


PHENOTHIAZINES with an amino group at the 3-position that are green crystals or powder. They are used as biological stains.


Type species of the genus CLOSTRIDIUM, a gram-positive bacteria in the family Clostridiaceae. It is used as a source of PROBIOTICS.


Puncture and aspiration of fluid from the PERICARDIUM.


Materials incorporated mechanically in plastics (usually PVC) to increase flexibility, workability or distensibility; due to the non-chemical inclusion, plasticizers leach out from the plastic and are found in body fluids and the general environment.


Qualified medical professionals specializing in maintaining health and providing medical care to children from birth through adolescence.


Saccular lesions lined with epithelium and contained within pathologically formed cavities in the jaw; also nonepithelial cysts (pseudocysts) as they apply to the jaw, e.g., traumatic or solitary cyst, static bone cavity, and aneurysmal bone cyst. True jaw cysts are classified as odontogenic or nonodontogenic.


The methyl esters of methacrylic acid that polymerize easily and are used as tissue cements, dental materials, and absorbent for biological substances.


Intestinal Motility
Gastrointestinal Motility

The motor activity of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.


A plant genus of the family RHAMNACEAE. Members contain antifungal jujubogenin saponins.


The core of the crystalline lens, surrounded by the cortex.


A condition due to decreased dietary intake of potassium, as in starvation or failure to administer in intravenous solutions, or to gastrointestinal loss in diarrhea, chronic laxative abuse, vomiting, gastric suction, or bowel diversion. Severe potassium deficiency may produce muscular weakness and lead to paralysis and respiratory failure. Muscular malfunction may result in hypoventilation, paralytic ileus, hypotension, muscle twitches, tetany, and rhabomyolysis. Nephropathy from potassium deficit impairs the concentrating mechanism, producing POLYURIA and decreased maximal urinary concentrating ability with secondary POLYDIPSIA. (Merck Manual, 16th ed)


Abnormally elevated THYROXINE level in the BLOOD.


A form of LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS caused by Leishmania aethiopica in Ethiopia and Kenya, L. pifanoi in Venezuela, L. braziliensis in South America, and L. mexicana in Central America. This disease is characterized by massive dissemination of skin lesions without visceral involvement.


Print and non-print materials collected, processed, and stored by libraries. They comprise books, periodicals, pamphlets, reports, microforms, maps, manuscripts, motion pictures, and all other forms of audiovisual records. (Harrod, The Librarians' Glossary, 4th ed, p497)


A plant family of the order Sapindales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida. They are resinous trees and shrubs with alternate leaves composed of many leaflets.


A genus of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria usually containing granules of poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate. They characteristically invade the root hairs of leguminous plants and act as intracellular symbionts.


A form of self harm in which someone mimics the act of suicide without the intent to kill themselves.


Artery arising from the brachiocephalic trunk on the right side and from the arch of the aorta on the left side. It distributes to the neck, thoracic wall, spinal cord, brain, meninges, and upper limb.


Separation of particles according to density by employing a gradient of varying densities. At equilibrium each particle settles in the gradient at a point equal to its density. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)


The layer of EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX that lies between the ENDOTHELIUM of the glomerular capillaries and the PODOCYTES of the inner or visceral layer of the BOWMAN CAPSULE. It is the product of these two cell types. It acts as a physical barrier and an ion-selective filter.


Facilities which administer the delivery of health care services to mothers and children.


Persons academically trained to care for patients with eye diseases or structural defects of the eye, under the supervision of an ophthalmologist.


A plant genus of the family ARACEAE. As a houseplant it sometimes poisons children and animals.


One of the paired, but seldom symmetrical, air spaces located between the inner and outer compact layers of the FRONTAL BONE in the forehead.


Deltalipothrixvirus Alphalipothrixvirus Betaliphothrixvirus Lipothrixviridae Gammalipothrixvirus

Family of enveloped, lipid-containing, filamentous DNA viruses that infect ARCHAEA.


The study of the theory, philosophy, and doctrine of death.


A group of 16-carbon fatty acids that contain no double bonds.


Heavy Neurofilament Protein
Neurofilament Triplet Proteins
Neurofilament Proteins

Type III intermediate filament proteins that assemble into neurofilaments, the major cytoskeletal element in nerve axons and dendrites. They consist of three distinct polypeptides, the neurofilament triplet. Types I, II, and IV intermediate filament proteins form other cytoskeletal elements such as keratins and lamins. It appears that the metabolism of neurofilaments is disturbed in Alzheimer's disease, as indicated by the presence of neurofilament epitopes in the neurofibrillary tangles, as well as by the severe reduction of the expression of the gene for the light neurofilament subunit of the neurofilament triplet in brains of Alzheimer's patients. (Can J Neurol Sci 1990 Aug;17(3):302)


A branch arising from the internal iliac artery in females, that supplies blood to the uterus.


Medium-sized terrestrial carnivores, in the genus Canis, family CANIDAE. Three species are recognized, two found only in Africa and one found in Africa, Europe, and Asia.


An extracellular layer outside the cell wall of a fungus composed of polysaccharides. It may serve a protective role amongst others.


A species of gram-negative bacteria pathogenic to CATTLE.


Inflammation caused by an injurious stimulus of peripheral neurons and resulting in release of neuropeptides which affect vascular permeability and help initiate proinflammatory and immune reactions at the site of injury.


Darwinian Fitness
Reproductive Fitness
Genetic Fitness

The relative likelihood that an organism will survive and pass on its genes to the next generation in comparison to organisms with a different gene or genotype. It is a mathematically calculable ratio determined from the average number of offspring contributed to a population by a particular genotype during one generation compared to the average number of offspring contributed by competing genotypes.


Purchase, Medical Practice
Purchase, Dental Practice
Practice Valuation and Purchase

Determination of economic value of an established health care provider practice including value of patient lists, equipment, and other assets, and process of buying or selling rights to said practice.


Neurons in the ENTORHINAL CORTEX that project to the HIPPOCAMPUS. Grid cells and PLACE CELLS play a role in cognitive representation of spatial memory and navigation.


Excessive thirst manifested by excessive fluid intake. It is characteristic of many diseases such as DIABETES MELLITUS; DIABETES INSIPIDUS; and NEPHROGENIC DIABETES INSIPIDUS. The condition may be psychogenic in origin.


Misoprostol
Misoprostol, (11alpha,13Z)-(+-)-Isomer
SC-30249
Misoprostol, (11alpha.13E,16S)-Isomer
Apo-Misoprostol
Misoprostol, (11alpha,13E)-Isomer
Glefos
Cytotec
SC-29333
Misoprostol, (11beta,13E,16R)-Isomer
Novo-Misoprostol
Misoprostol, (11beta,13E,16S)-Isomer
Misoprostol, (11alpha,13E,16R)-Isomer
Misoprostol, (11beta,13E)-(+-)-Isomer

A synthetic analog of natural prostaglandin E1. It produces a dose-related inhibition of gastric acid and pepsin secretion, and enhances mucosal resistance to injury. It is an effective anti-ulcer agent and also has oxytocic properties.


Nucleotide sequences, usually upstream, which are recognized by specific regulatory transcription factors, thereby causing gene response to various regulatory agents. These elements may be found in both promoter and enhancer regions.


Steroidal compounds in which one or more carbon atoms in the steroid ring system have been substituted with non-carbon atoms.


An agonist at two subsets of excitatory amino acid receptors, ionotropic receptors that directly control membrane channels and metabotropic receptors that indirectly mediate calcium mobilization from intracellular stores. The compound is obtained from the seeds and fruit of Quisqualis chinensis.


Connective tissue comprised chiefly of elastic fibers. Elastic fibers have two components: ELASTIN and MICROFIBRILS.


The deposit of SEMEN or SPERMATOZOA into the VAGINA to facilitate FERTILIZATION.


An MAO inhibitor that is used as an antidepressive agent.


Guest Relations
Hospital-Patient Relations

Interactions between hospital staff or administrators and patients. Includes guest relations programs designed to improve the image of the hospital and attract patients.


The parent alcohol of the tumor promoting compounds from CROTON OIL (Croton tiglium).


A technique for detecting short-lived reactive FREE RADICALS in biological systems by providing a nitrone or nitrose compound for an addition reaction to occur which produces an ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY-detectable aminoxyl radical. In spin trapping, the compound trapping the radical is called the spin trap and the addition product of the radical is identified as the spin adduct. (Free Rad Res Comm 1990;9(3-6):163)


A species of EDWARDSIELLA distinguished by its hydrogen sulfide production. (From Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 9th ed)


ICI-58,834
Viloxazine Oxalate (1:1)
Viloxazine, (S)-Isomer
Viloxazine, (+-)-Isomer
Emovit
Viloxazine, (R)-Isomer
Vivalan
Viloxazine Hydrochloride
Viloxazine
Viloxazine Hydrochloride, (S)-Isomer
Viloxazine Hydrochloride, (R)-Isomer

A morpholine derivative used as an antidepressant. It is similar in action to IMIPRAMINE.


A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. Members contain Griffonia simplicifolia agglutin-I and griffonin.


A genus of small, shell-less, marine mollusks in the family Clione, superorder GASTROPODA. These pteropod (possessing a foot developed into wing-like organ for swimming) sea slugs feed exclusively on another pteropod mollusk, Limacina.


A series of structurally-related alkaloids that contain the ergoline backbone structure.


The study of the development of an organism during the embryonic and fetal stages of life.


A genus of onygenacetous mitosporic fungi whose perfect state is Ajellomyces (see ONYGENALES). The species Blastomyces dermatitidis (perfect state Ajellomyces dermatitidis) causes blastomycosis.


A yellow fat obtained from sheep's wool. It is used as an emollient, cosmetic, and pharmaceutic aid.


Dentists who specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of neuromuscular and skeletal abnormalities of the developing or mature orofacial structures.


Combined surgical resection of the fallopian tube and the ovary.


A space which has limited openings for entry and exit combined with unfavorable natural ventilation such as CAVES, refrigerators, deep tunnels, pipelines, sewers, silos, tanks, vats, mines, deep trenches or pits, vaults, manholes, chimneys, etc.


Unstable isotopes of zinc that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Zn atoms with atomic weights 60-63, 65, 69, 71, and 72 are radioactive zinc isotopes.


Methods used by pathogenic organisms to evade a host's immune system.


Severe systemic manifestation of trauma and ischemia involving soft tissues, principally skeletal muscle, due to prolonged severe crushing. It leads to increased permeability of the cell membrane and to the release of potassium, enzymes, and myoglobin from within cells. Ischemic renal dysfunction secondary to hypotension and diminished renal perfusion results in acute tubular necrosis and uremia.


Formyltetrahydrofolates
Formyltetrahydrofolic Acids
N(10)-Formyltetrahydrofolate

Tetrahydrofolates which are substituted by a formyl group at either the nitrogen atom in the 5 position or the nitrogen atom in the 10 position. N(5)-Formyltetrahydrofolate is leucovorin (citrovorum factor) while N(10)-formyltetrahydrofolate is an active coenzyme which functions as a carrier of the formyl group in a number of enzymatic reactions.


An oval area in the retina, 3 to 5 mm in diameter, usually located temporal to the posterior pole of the eye and slightly below the level of the optic disk. It is characterized by the presence of a yellow pigment diffusely permeating the inner layers, contains the fovea centralis in its center, and provides the best phototropic visual acuity. It is devoid of retinal blood vessels, except in its periphery, and receives nourishment from the choriocapillaris of the choroid. (From Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)


The practice of making choices about SEXUAL PARTNERS based on their HIV status.


Use of reflected ultrasound in the diagnosis of intracranial pathologic processes.


Pathological conditions in the DUODENUM region of the small intestine (INTESTINE, SMALL).


Oligopeptide antibiotics from Streptomyces distallicus. Their binding to DNA inhibits synthesis of nucleic acids.


Transcultural Studies
Cross-Cultural Comparison

Comparison of various psychological, sociological, or cultural factors in order to assess the similarities or diversities occurring in two or more different cultures or societies.


SMOKING by use of a narrow conveying tube which feeds from an open cavity where smoked product is loaded and burned.


An exudate between the RETINA and CHOROID from various sources including the vitreous cavity, SUBARACHNOID SPACE, or abnormal vessels.


Competitive Behavior, Microbial
Microbial Interactions
Cooperative Behavior, Microbial

The inter- and intra-relationships between various microorganisms. This can include both positive (like SYMBIOSIS) and negative (like ANTIBIOSIS) interactions. Examples include virus - bacteria and bacteria - bacteria.


Inflammation of the tissues around a joint. (Dorland, 27th ed)


The health outcomes of a group of individuals, including the distribution of such outcomes within the group. These populations are often geographic regions, such as nations or communities, but they can also be other groups. (From Am J Public Health. 2003 March; 93(3): 380–383)


Class I bacteriocins. They are produced by bacteria that live on LACTIC ACID and contain the sulfur-containing lanthionine amino acid.


Character traits that are considered to be morally praiseworthy. (Bioethics Thesaurus)


Behavior which may be manifested by destructive and attacking action which is verbal or physical, by covert attitudes of hostility or by obstructionism.


Respiratory System Agents
Respiratory Stimulants

Drugs used for their effects on the respiratory system.


Specialized hospital facilities which provide diagnostic and therapeutic services for trauma patients.


Surgical formation of an opening into the trachea through the neck, or the opening so created.


A genus of extremely halophilic HALOBACTERIACEAE with coccoid cells occurring singly or as pairs, tetrads, or irregular clusters. They are found in neutral salt lakes, marine salterns, saline soils and seawater.


Tumor suppressor genes located in the 18q21-qter region of human chromosome 18. The absence of these genes is associated with the formation of colorectal cancer (DCC stands for deleted in colorectal cancer). The products of these genes show significant homology to neural cell adhesion molecules and other related cell surface glycoproteins.


Use of sophisticated tools to parse, organize, and examine textual information.


Computer-based systems that enable management to interrogate the computer on an ad hoc basis for various kinds of information in the organization, which predict the effect of potential decisions.


Expression of grief that society limits or may not allow a person to express. Examples include the grief of parents for stillborn babies, of teachers for the death of students, of nurses for the death of patients, or for the loss of an animal companion. (from APA Dictionary of Psychology, 2nd ed.)


The extra volume of air that can be expired with maximum effort beyond the level reached at the end of a normal, quiet expiration. Common abbreviation is ERV.


Aquatic invertebrates belonging to the phylum MOLLUSCA or the subphylum CRUSTACEA, and used as food.


Ganglioglioma, Intracranial
Ganglioglioma, Benign
Ganglioglioma
Ganglioglioma, Malignant

Rare indolent tumors comprised of neoplastic glial and neuronal cells which occur primarily in children and young adults. Benign lesions tend to be associated with long survival unless the tumor degenerates into a histologically malignant form. They tend to occur in the optic nerve and white matter of the brain and spinal cord.


Compounds of the general formula R-O-R arranged in a ring or crown formation.


An encapsulated accumulation of URINE in the retroperitoneal area. It has the appearance of a cyst (CYSTS). Urinoma is usually caused by URETERAL OBSTRUCTION, renal trauma or perforation of the renal collecting system.


The pressure due to the weight of fluid.


The condition of harboring an infective organism without manifesting symptoms of infection. The organism must be readily transmissible to another susceptible host.


A plant genus of the family Ephedraceae, order Ephedrales, class Gnetopsida, division Gnetophyta.


Visits made by patients to health service providers' offices for diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up.


Chlamydia pneumoniae Infections
Chlamydophila Infections

Infections with bacteria of the genus CHLAMYDOPHILA.


Educational institutions providing facilities for teaching and research and authorized to grant academic degrees.


A plant genus of the family WINTERACEAE. Members contain polygodial.


Religious philosophy expressing the fundamental belief that departed spirits may be contacted by the living through a medium.


Inorganic compounds that contain zinc as an integral part of the molecule.


An acute inflammatory disease of the lower RESPIRATORY TRACT, caused by paramyxoviruses, occurring primarily in infants and young children; the viruses most commonly implicated are PARAINFLUENZA VIRUS TYPE 3; RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS, HUMAN; and METAPNEUMOVIRUS.


Unexplained neurologic condition characterized by episodes of atonic seizures, convulsions or staring spells with further cognitive decline.


The process by which two molecules of the same chemical composition form a condensation product or polymer.


Mechanisms that allow bacteria and archaea to rapidly adapt to changing environmental conditions via a toxin, produced during adverse conditions, that inhibits a specific vital process, and a partner antitoxin that blocks the effects of the toxin, under normal growth conditions.


Loss of structural differentiation and useful function of neoplastic cells.


Hormones released from neoplasms or from other cells that are not the usual sources of hormones.


A generic expression for any tachycardia that originates above the BUNDLE OF HIS.


Beliefs and practices concerned with producing desired results through supernatural forces or agents as with the manipulation of fetishes or rituals.


The functional hereditary units of a microorganism.


The female sex chromosome, being the differential sex chromosome carried by half the male gametes and all female gametes in human and other male-heterogametic species.


A layer of the peritoneum which attaches the abdominal viscera to the ABDOMINAL WALL and conveys their blood vessels and nerves.


Ejection Murmurs
Systolic Regurgitant Murmurs
Systolic Murmurs

Heart murmurs which are systolic in timing. They occur between the first and the second HEART SOUNDS, between the closure of MITRAL VALVE and TRICUSPID VALVE and the closure of semilunar aortic and pulmonary valves. Systolic murmurs include ejection murmurs and regurgitant murmurs.


Examination of the EAR CANAL and eardrum with an OTOSCOPE.


The process by which the nature and meaning of olfactory stimuli, such as odors, are recognized and interpreted by the brain.


Branch of the common carotid artery which supplies the exterior of the head, the face, and the greater part of the neck.


Forms to which substances are incorporated to improve the delivery and the effectiveness of drugs. Drug carriers are used in drug-delivery systems such as the controlled-release technology to prolong in vivo drug actions, decrease drug metabolism, and reduce drug toxicity. Carriers are also used in designs to increase the effectiveness of drug delivery to the target sites of pharmacological actions. Liposomes, albumin microspheres, soluble synthetic polymers, DNA complexes, protein-drug conjugates, and carrier erythrocytes among others have been employed as biodegradable drug carriers.


Medical Device Recalls
Biomedical Device Recalls

Removal of a MEDICAL DEVICE from the market due to a problem occurring in the manufacture or distribution of the product.


Alternating sets of exercise that work out different muscle groups and that also alternate between aerobic and anaerobic exercises, which, when combined together, offer an overall program to improve strength, stamina, balance, or functioning.


The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual at BIRTH. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.


A common gynecologic disorder characterized by an abnormal, nonbloody discharge from the genital tract.


A genus of microorganisms of the order SPIROCHAETALES, many of which are pathogenic and parasitic for man and animals.


A species in the genus CORYNEBACTERIUM, family Corynebacteriaceae, which is used for industrial production of the amino acid LYSINE. It is closely related to Corynebacterium glutamicum.


A genus of gram-negative, ellipsoidal or rod-shaped bacteria whose major source of energy and reducing power is from the oxidation of ammonia to nitrite. Its species occur in soils, oceans, lakes, rivers, and sewage disposal systems.


Esters of the hypothetical imidic acids. They react with amines or amino acids to form amidines and are therefore used to modify protein structures and as cross-linking agents.


Pelvic Girdle Pain
Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction

Discomfort associated with the bones that make up the pelvic girdle. It occurs frequently during pregnancy.


A highly malignant, primitive form of carcinoma, probably of germinal cell or teratomatous derivation, usually arising in a gonad and rarely in other sites. It is rare in the female ovary, but in the male it accounts for 20% of all testicular tumors. (From Dorland, 27th ed & Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1595)


Caudal Zona Incerta
Rostral Zona Incerta
Zona Incerta
Medial Zona Inserta

A region of the subthalamus located ventral to the THALAMUS and dorsal to the SUBTHALAMIC NUCLEUS.


The production of PEPTIDES or PROTEINS by the constituents of a living organism. The biosynthesis of proteins on RIBOSOMES following an RNA template is termed translation (TRANSLATION, GENETIC). There are other, non-ribosomal peptide biosynthesis (PEPTIDE BIOSYNTHESIS, NUCLEIC ACID-INDEPENDENT) mechanisms carried out by PEPTIDE SYNTHASES and PEPTIDYLTRANSFERASES. Further modifications of peptide chains yield functional peptide and protein molecules.


A phosphodiesterase inhibitor which inhibits platelet aggregation. Formerly used as an antineoplastic.


Isocoumarins found in ASPERGILLUS OCHRACEUS and other FUNGI. Ochratoxin contaminated FOOD has been responsible for cases of FOODBORNE DISEASES.


An order of egg-laying mammals that includes the PLATYPUS and ECHIDNA.


Aggressive behavior intended to cause harm or distress that occurs in the workplace.


A basic science concerned with the composition, structure, and properties of matter; and the reactions that occur between substances and the associated energy exchange.


Excessive amount of sodium in the blood. (Dorland, 27th ed)


The synapse between a neuron (presynaptic) and an effector cell other than another neuron (postsynaptic). Neuroeffector junctions include synapses onto muscles and onto secretory cells.


Hydrocarbon rings which contain two ketone moieties in any position. They can be substituted in any position except at the ketone groups.


A sarcoma, usually a liposarcoma or malignant fibrous histiocytoma, with an abundant component of myxoid tissue resembling primitive mesenchyme containing connective tissue mucin. (Stedman, 25th ed)


The interstitial fluid that is in the LYMPHATIC SYSTEM.


Germine derivatives acetylated on any one or more of the hydroxy groups. These compounds are present in many polyester alkaloids which occur in Veratrum and Zygadenus species. They are used as antihypertensive agents, and in some cases, exhibit curare-like activity.


A macromolecular complex of proteins that includes DYSTROPHIN and DYSTROPHIN-ASSOCIATED PROTEINS. It plays a structural role in the linking the CYTOSKELETON to the EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX.


A superfamily of strongyles or roundworms which are parasites in the intestinal tract of equines, pigs, rodents, and primates (including man). It includes the genera Cyasthostomum, Ransomus, Globocephalus, OESOPHAGOSTOMUM, and STRONGYLUS.


A genus of GRAM-POSITIVE COCCI in the family LEUCONOSTOCACEAE. It is the primary bacteria involved in carrying out malolactic conversion in winemaking.


Inflammation of the KIDNEY PELVIS and KIDNEY CALICES where urine is collected before discharge, but does not involve the renal parenchyma (the NEPHRONS) where urine is processed.


High-Throughput Screening Assays
High-Throughput Biological Assays
High-Throughput Screening Methods
High-Throughput Chemical Assays

Rapid methods of measuring the effects of an agent in a biological or chemical assay. The assay usually involves some form of automation or a way to conduct multiple assays at the same time using sample arrays.


A mitosporic ONYGENALES fungal genus. The species Lacazia loboi is the etiological agent of LOBOMYCOSIS in humans, dolphins, and other wild animals.


A molecule that binds to another molecule, used especially to refer to a small molecule that binds specifically to a larger molecule, e.g., an antigen binding to an antibody, a hormone or neurotransmitter binding to a receptor, or a substrate or allosteric effector binding to an enzyme. Ligands are also molecules that donate or accept a pair of electrons to form a coordinate covalent bond with the central metal atom of a coordination complex. (From Dorland, 27th ed)


Infection by flukes of the genus Echinostoma.


Behavior exhibited by individuals who are overly suspicious, but without the constellation of symptoms characteristic of paranoid personality disorder or paranoid type of schizophrenia.


Complex petroleum hydrocarbons consisting mainly of residues from crude oil distillation. These liquid products include heating oils, stove oils, and furnace oils and are burned to generate energy.


A cavity found on the outside part of the hindfoot between the TALUS and the CALCANEUS.


The first seven VERTEBRAE of the SPINAL COLUMN, which correspond to the VERTEBRAE of the NECK.


Classic quantitative assay for detection of antigen-antibody reactions using a radioactively labeled substance (radioligand) either directly or indirectly to measure the binding of the unlabeled substance to a specific antibody or other receptor system. Non-immunogenic substances (e.g., haptens) can be measured if coupled to larger carrier proteins (e.g., bovine gamma-globulin or human serum albumin) capable of inducing antibody formation.


A generic term for a variety of compounds that contain silicon, oxygen, and magnesium, and may contain hydrogen. Examples include TALC and some kinds of ASBESTOS.


Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent STREPTOCOCCAL INFECTIONS.


Cyproterone, 1alpha,2 alpha,9 beta,10 alpha-Isomer

An anti-androgen that, in the form of its acetate (CYPROTERONE ACETATE), also has progestational properties. It is used in the treatment of hypersexuality in males, as a palliative in prostatic carcinoma, and, in combination with estrogen, for the therapy of severe acne and hirsutism in females.


The production of red blood cells (ERYTHROCYTES). In humans, erythrocytes are produced by the YOLK SAC in the first trimester; by the liver in the second trimester; by the BONE MARROW in the third trimester and after birth. In normal individuals, the erythrocyte count in the peripheral blood remains relatively constant implying a balance between the rate of erythrocyte production and rate of destruction.


The scientific discipline concerned with the physiology of the nervous system.


Formation of CORPUS LUTEUM. This process includes capillary invasion of the ruptured OVARIAN FOLLICLE, hypertrophy of the GRANULOSA CELLS and the THECA CELLS, and the production of PROGESTERONE. Luteinization is regulated by LUTEINIZING HORMONE.


A type of BREAST CANCER where the abnormal malignant cells form in the lobules, or milk-producing glands, of the breast.


Historically, a heterogeneous group of acute and chronic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, progressive systemic sclerosis, dermatomyositis, etc. This classification was based on the notion that "collagen" was equivalent to "connective tissue", but with the present recognition of the different types of collagen and the aggregates derived from them as distinct entities, the term "collagen diseases" now pertains exclusively to those inherited conditions in which the primary defect is at the gene level and affects collagen biosynthesis, post-translational modification, or extracellular processing directly. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1494)


The period in the MENSTRUAL CYCLE that is optimal for FERTILIZATION of the OVUM and yielding PREGNANCY. The duration of fertile period depends on the life span of male GAMETES within the female reproductive tract and the time of OVULATION. It usually begins a few days before ovulation and ends on the day of ovulation.


An order of ciliate protozoa. Characteristics include a ventral oral area and a well-defined buccal cavity. It comprises three suborders: TETRAHYMENINA, Ophryoglenina, and PENICULINA.


A plant genus of the family RANUNCULACEAE.


Cellular uptake of extracellular materials within membrane-limited vacuoles or microvesicles. ENDOSOMES play a central role in endocytosis.


A mitosporic Onygenales fungal genus causing HISTOPLASMOSIS in humans and animals. Its single species is Histoplasma capsulatum which has two varieties: H. capsulatum var. capsulatum and H. capsulatum var. duboisii. Its teleomorph is AJELLOMYCES capsulatus.


A competitive team sport played on a rectangular field. This is the American or Canadian version of the game and also includes the form known as rugby. It does not include non-North American football (= SOCCER).


A species of coccidian protozoa that mainly infects domestic poultry.


Any spaces or cavities within a cell. They may function in digestion, storage, secretion, or excretion.


A plant genus of the family CELASTRACEAE that contains insecticidal sesquiterpenoids and celastrus oil.


A plant genus. Members contain BUFANOLIDES.


An antitoxin used for the treatment of TETANUS.


Dopamines with a hydroxy group substituted in one or more positions.


A major primary bile acid produced in the liver and usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. It facilitates fat absorption and cholesterol excretion.


A mixture of six synthetic oligopeptides, each containing MELPHALAN. It is used as a broad-spectrum antineoplastic due to its alkylating and antimetabolic actions but, is toxic to bone marrow, gastrointestinal system and vasculature.


An order of protozoa characterized by a peridium and capillitium that are calcareous and a spore mass that is usually dark-colored.


A peptide of about 22-amino acids isolated from the DUODENUM. At low pH it inhibits gastric motor activity, whereas at high pH it has a stimulating effect.


Light energy harvesting structures attached to the THYLAKOID MEMBRANES of CYANOBACTERIA and RED ALGAE. These multiprotein complexes contain pigments (PHYCOBILIPROTEINS) that transfer light energy to chlorophyll a.


A group of dipyridinium chloride derivatives that are used as oxidation-reduction indicators. The general formula is 1,1'-di-R-4,4'-bipyridinium chloride, where R = methyl, ethyl, benzyl or, betaine.


Regular course of eating and drinking adopted by a person or animal.


Substances found in many plants, containing the 4-hydroxycoumarin radical. They interfere with vitamin K and the blood clotting mechanism, are tightly protein-bound, inhibit mitochondrial and microsomal enzymes, and are used as oral anticoagulants.


Lipid A is the biologically active component of lipopolysaccharides. It shows strong endotoxic activity and exhibits immunogenic properties.


The condition characterized by uneven or irregular shape of the head often in parallelogram shape with a flat spot on the back or one side of the head. It can either result from the premature CRANIAL SUTURE closure (CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS) or from external forces (NONSYNOSTOTIC PLAGIOCEPHALY).


The closeness of a determined value of a physical dimension to the actual value.


A group of invertebrate chordates (CHORDATA, NONVERTEBRATE) in the subphylum Craniota. They include the single order Myxiniformes, which comprise various HAGFISHES.


The dependence of feelings of pleasure or displeasure upon exposure to an external stimulus, based on the interior state of the organism.


An adenocarcinoma containing finger-like processes of vascular connective tissue covered by neoplastic epithelium, projecting into cysts or the cavity of glands or follicles. It occurs most frequently in the ovary and thyroid gland. (Stedman, 25th ed)


The capacity of a microorganism to cause disease.


Procedures to repair or stabilize vertebral fractures, especially compression fractures accomplished by injecting BONE CEMENTS into the fractured VERTEBRAE.


A spontaneous diminution or abatement of a disease over time, without formal treatment.


A cyclin subtype that is found abundantly in post-mitotic tissues. In contrast to the classical cyclins, its level does not fluctuate during the cell cycle.


Places designed, built, or installed for LEISURE ACTIVITIES outside of the home.


A vertical distance measured from a known level on the surface of a planet or other celestial body.


Separation of the prickle cells of the stratum spinosum of the epidermis, resulting in atrophy of the prickle cell layer. It is seen in diseases such as pemphigus vulgaris (see PEMPHIGUS) and DARIER DISEASE.


The individual's experience of a sense of fulfillment of a need or want and the quality or state of being satisfied.


A number of small lung lesions characterized by small round masses of 2- to 3-mm in diameter. They are usually detected by chest CT scans (COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY, X-RAY). Such nodules can be associated with metastases of malignancies inside or outside the lung, benign granulomas, or other lesions.


Complex nucleoprotein structures which contain the genomic DNA and are part of the CELL NUCLEUS of MAMMALS.


The lipid-rich sheath surrounding AXONS in both the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEMS and PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. The myelin sheath is an electrical insulator and allows faster and more energetically efficient conduction of impulses. The sheath is formed by the cell membranes of glial cells (SCHWANN CELLS in the peripheral and OLIGODENDROGLIA in the central nervous system). Deterioration of the sheath in DEMYELINATING DISEASES is a serious clinical problem.


A plant family of the order Lecythidales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida.


A phylum of EUKARYOTES characterized by the presence of cilia at some time during the life cycle. It comprises three classes: KINETOFRAGMINOPHOREA; OLIGOHYMENOPHOREA; and POLYMENOPHOREA.


A group of TETRAHYDRONAPHTHALENES containing a keto oxygen.


An acute and chronic contagious disease of young pigs caused by Erysipelothrix insidiosa.


A condition characterized by severe PROTEINURIA, greater than 3.5 g/day in an average adult. The substantial loss of protein in the urine results in complications such as HYPOPROTEINEMIA; generalized EDEMA; HYPERTENSION; and HYPERLIPIDEMIAS. Diseases associated with nephrotic syndrome generally cause chronic kidney dysfunction.


Potential cavity which separates the ARACHNOID MATER from the DURA MATER.


A family of gram-positive, lactic acid-producing bacteria in the order Lactobacillales. It includes both high-pressure-loving species (piezophiles) found in the deep ocean, and Antarctic species.


A surgical specialty concerned with the structure and function of the eye and the medical and surgical treatment of its defects and diseases.


Removal of methyl groups from DNA by enzymes (such as DIOXYGENASES and N-DEMETHYLASES) or by chemical reagents.


A species of the Chenopodium genus which is the source of edible seed called quinoa. It contains makisterone A and other STEROIDS, some having ECDYSTEROID activity on insects.


Type species of CHLAMYDIA causing a variety of ocular and urogenital diseases.


Systems used to prompt or aid the memory. The systems can be computerized reminders, color coding, telephone calls, or devices such as letters and postcards.