posterior lateral line neuromast cupula development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the posterior lateral line neuromast cupula over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The cupula is secreted by mantle cells and the ciliary bundles of all of the hair cells of the neuromast are embedded in it. The cupula provides a mechanical linkage between the hair cells and the external hydrodynamic environment. The cupula of superficial neuromasts grows continuously, while the height of the cupula of canal neuromasts is limited by canal diameter. [ISBN:0125296509]


posterior lateral line neuromast deposition

The process in which a migrating neuromast primordium deposits clusters of undifferentiated cells (proneuromasts) along its migratory path in the developing posterior lateral line. [PMID:15832385]


posterior lateral line neuromast hair cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a posterior lateral line neuromast hair cell. (N.B. This may be development of neuromast hair cell type or a set of cell of neuromast hair cell type. This will involve the change of a cell or set of cells from one cell identity to another). Hair cells are the sensory receptors of the neuromast and are located in a portion of the neuromast called the sensory strip. Each hair cell of the neuromast is morphologically polarized as a result of the relative position of the single kinocilium and the clusters of stereocilia on its apical surface. There are approximately seven hair cells within each neuromast, with each hair cell innervated by afferent and efferent neurons. [ISBN:0125296509]


posterior lateral line neuromast mantle cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a posterior lateral line neuromast mantle cell. (N.B. This may be development of neuromast mantle cell type or a set of cells of neuromast mantle cell type. This will involve the change of a cell or set of cells from one cell identity to another). Mantle cells are non-sensory cells that surround the sensory strip, separating the neuromast from the epidermis. Mantle cells secrete the cupula in which the ciliary bundles of all of the hair cells are embedded. [ISBN:0125296509]


The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the lateral line system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The lateral line system is a network of sensory organs (neuromasts) and lateral line nerves located superficially on the skin or just under the skin in fluid-filled canals on the head and body of all fishes and most amphibians. The lateral line system develops from cranial ectodermal placodes situated between the eye and ear. [GOC:dgh, ISBN:0125296509]


electrosensory lateral line system development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the electrosensory lateral line system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. [GOC:dgh]


posterior lateral line neuromast support cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a posterior lateral line neuromast support cell. Support cells are non-sensory cells of the neuromast that extend between the sensory hair cells from the basement membrane to the apical surface; they are surrounded by mantle cells. [ISBN:0387968377]


posterior lateral line ganglion neuron differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuron of the posterior lateral line ganglion. [PMID:15018940]


efferent axon development in posterior lateral line nerve

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an efferent axon in the posterior lateral line nerve over time from its formation to the mature structure. This process includes axonogenesis and pathfinding of the efferent axons in the posterior lateral line nerve. [PMID:15018940]


glial cell migration in posterior lateral line nerve

The movement of a glial cell along the axons in the posterior lateral line nerve. [PMID:12062041]


posterior lateral line nerve glial cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a glial cell in the posterior lateral line nerve. [PMID:15832385]


myelination of posterior lateral line nerve axons

The formation of compact myelin sheaths around the axons of the posterior lateral line nerve. [PMID:12112375]


afferent axon development in posterior lateral line nerve

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an afferent axon in the posterior lateral line nerve over time from its formation to the mature structure. This process includes axonogenesis and pathfinding of the afferent axons in the posterior lateral line nerve. [PMID:15018940]


peripheral nervous system neuron differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuron whose cell body resides in the peripheral nervous system. [GOC:dgh]


peripheral nervous system neuron development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron whose cell body is located in the peripheral nervous system, from initial commitment of the cell to a neuronal fate, to the fully functional differentiated neuron. [GOC:dgh]


peripheral nervous system neuron axonogenesis

Generation of a long process from a neuron whose cell body resides in the peripheral nervous system. The axon carries action potential from the cell body towards target cells. [GOC:dgh]


lateral line nerve glial cell development

The process aimed at the progression of a lateral line glial cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. [GOC:dgh]


anterior lateral line nerve glial cell development

The process aimed at the progression of a glial cell in the anterior lateral line nerve over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. [GOC:dgh]


posterior lateral line nerve glial cell development

The process aimed at the progression of a glial cell in the posterior lateral line nerve over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. [GOC:dgh]


The layer of sexine which forms a roof over the columella, granules or other infratectal elements. [http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb/]


Any process involved in mediating the movement of discrete segments of DNA between nonhomologous sites. [GOC:jp, ISBN:1555812090]


A rod-like element of the sexine and ectexine, supporting either the tectum (the layer of sexine which forms a roof over the columella), or supporting a caput (an architectural element on top of a columella). [http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb/]


The progression of the parahippocampal gyrus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The parahippocampal gyrus is a ridge in the cerebral cortex. [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, ISBN:0878937420]


A cell extension caused by localized decoupling of the cytoskeleton from the plasma membrane and characterized by rapid formation, rounded shape, and scarcity of organelles within the protrusion. Blebs are formed during apoptosis and other cellular processes, including cell locomotion, cell division, and as a result of physical or chemical stresses. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, PMID:12083798, PMID:16624291, Wikipedia:Bleb_(cell_biology)]


An inflammatory response resulting in cell death or dysfunction mediated by activation of the classical complement pathway or induction of effector cell phagocytosis, cytolysis mechanisms via complement or Fc receptors following the binding of antibodies to cell surface antigens on a target cell, or mediated by the direct binding of antibody to cellular receptors. [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149]


An array of astral microtubules that emanates from the spindle pole body during meiosis and facilitates horsetail nuclear movement. [GOC:mah, PMID:16111942]


The epithelial cell differentiation process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an acinar cell, a secretory cell that is grouped together with other cells of the same type to form grape-shaped clusters known as acini. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


Any subdivision of a chromosome along its length. [GOC:dos]


The two dissimilar sized ribonucleoprotein complexes that comprise a RIBOSOME - the large ribosomal subunit and the small ribosomal subunit. The eukaryotic 80S ribosome is composed of a 60S large subunit and a 40S small subunit. The bacterial 70S ribosome is composed of a 50S large subunit and a 30S small subunit.


A organ system process carried out by any of the organs or tissues of the circulatory system. The circulatory system is an organ system that moves extracellular fluids to and from tissue within a multicellular organism. [GOC:mtg_cardio]


ribonucleic cytidylic cytidylic adenylic pyrophosphorylase


transfer ribonucleic acid nucleotidyl transferase


transfer ribonucleic adenylyl (cytidylyl) transferase


transfer ribonucleic-terminal trinucleotide nucleotidyltransferase


transfer RNA pseudouridine synthetase activity

transfer ribonucleate pseudouridine synthetase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: tRNA uridine = tRNA pseudouridine. Conversion of uridine in a tRNA molecule to pseudouridine by rotation of the C1'-N-1 glycosidic bond of uridine in RNA to a C1'-C5. [PMID:11095668]


vacuolar hydrogen-translocating V-type ATPase complex location

vacuolar proton-transporting V-type ATPase complex location

A proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex found in the vacuolar membrane, where it acts as a proton pump to mediate acidification of the vacuolar lumen. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716743663, PMID:16449553]


Any process that modulates the surface configuration of an embryonic cell. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


inhibition of transcription from RNA polymerase I promoter


inhibition of transcription from RNA polymerase III promoter


CDK8-containing TRAP/mediator complex location


1,5-anhydro-D-fructose reductase (1,5-anhydro-D-mannitol-forming) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 1,5-anhydro-D-mannitol + NADP(+) = 1,5-anhydro-D-fructose + H(+) + NADPH. [EC:1.1.1.292, RHEA:24208]


(gibberrellin-20),2-oxoglutarate: oxygen oxidoreductase (3beta-hydroxylating)


oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH or CH2 groups

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH2 group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor. [GOC:ai]


oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH or CH2 groups, other acceptors


hydrogenobyrinic acid-binding protein activity


Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of (2->8)-alpha-sialosyl linkages in oligo- or poly(sialic) acids. [EC:3.2.1.129]


dual-specificity MAP kinase phosphatase activity

MAP kinase tyrosine/serine/threonine phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: MAP kinase serine/threonine/tyrosine phosphate + H2O = MAP kinase serine/threonine/tyrosine + phosphate. [GOC:mah, PMID:12184814]


alpha-(1,3/1,4) fucosyltransferase III activity


blood group Lewis alpha-4-fucosyltransferase activity


blood-group substance Le(a)-dependent fucosyltransferase activity


blood-group substance Lea-dependent fucosyltransferase


Lewis blood group alpha-(1,3/4)-fucosyltransferase activity

Lewis blood group alpha-(1->3/4)-fucosyltransferase activity


Lewis(Le) blood group gene-dependent alpha-(1,3/4)-L-fucosyltransferase activity

Lewis(Le) blood group gene-dependent alpha-(1->3/4)-L-fucosyltransferase activity


mitochondrial uncoupling protein activity


inhibition of protein biosynthetic process


The oxidative deamination of N-terminal peptidyl-cysteine to form pyruvic acid with an amide bond between its 1-carboxyl group and the N-terminal residue. [RESID:AA0127]


aryl-alcohol dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: an aromatic alcohol + NAD+ = an aromatic aldehyde + NADH + H+. [EC:1.1.1.90]


p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol dehydrogenase activity


L(+)-mandelate dehydrogenase activity
MDH
(S)-mandelate dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetate + acceptor = 2-oxo-2-phenylacetate + reduced acceptor. [EC:1.1.99.31]


Catalysis of the reaction: (4S)-limonene + H(+) + NADPH + O(2) = (4S)-perillyl alcohol + H(2)O + NADP(+). [EC:1.14.14.52, RHEA:23432]


Catalysis of the reaction: an omega-methyl-long-chain fatty acid + O2 + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] = an omega-hydroxy-long-chain fatty acid + H(+) + H2O + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]. [GOC:krc, PMID:18544608, RHEA:56748]

long-chain fatty acid omega-hydroxylase activity


dibenzothiophene desulfurization enzyme B


aryl-aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: an aromatic aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O = an aromatic acid + NADH + H+. [EC:1.2.1.29]


multifunctional deoxynucleoside kinase activity


multispecific deoxynucleoside kinase activity


multisubstrate deoxyribonucleoside kinase activity


2-ketopantoyl lactone reductase activity


Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + thiamine = ADP + 2 H(+) + thiamine phosphate. [EC:2.7.1.89, RHEA:12012]


An action potential that occurs in a neuron. [GOC:dph, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb]


L-methionine anabolism from L-homoserine via cystathionine

L-methionine formation from L-homoserine via cystathionine

L-methionine synthesis from L-homoserine via cystathionine

L-methionine biosynthetic process from L-homoserine via cystathionine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-methionine from other compounds, including L-homoserine, via the intermediate cystathionine. [GOC:go_curators]


L-methionine synthesis from O-phospho-L-homoserine and cystathionine

L-methionine anabolism from O-phospho-L-homoserine and cystathionine

L-methionine formation from O-phospho-L-homoserine and cystathionine

L-methionine biosynthetic process from O-phospho-L-homoserine and cystathionine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-methionine from other compounds, including O-phospho-L-homoserine and cystathionine. [GOC:go_curators]


cysteine anabolism via cystathionine
cysteine formation via cystathionine
cysteine synthesis via cystathionine

cysteine biosynthetic process via cystathionine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cysteine, via the intermediate cystathionine. [GOC:go_curators]


beta-alanine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of beta-alanine from one side of a membrane to the other. Beta-alanine is 3-aminopropanoic acid. [GOC:hjd]


ferric-vibriobactin transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of ferric-vibriobactin ions from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:ai]


sucrose degradation, using glucoside 3-dehydrogenase

sucrose catabolism, using glucoside 3-dehydrogenase

sucrose catabolic process, using glucoside 3-dehydrogenase

sucrose breakdown, using glucoside 3-dehydrogenase

sucrose catabolic process via 3'-ketosucrose

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sucrose, which proceeds via the conversion of sucrose to 3'-ketosucrose. 3'-ketosucrose is hydrolyzed to 3-ketoglucose and fructose, and the 3-ketoglucose is then be converted to glucose. [GOC:bf, GOC:dgf, MetaCyc:SUCROSEUTIL2-PWY]


A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors such as NADH and FADH2 to any of several different terminal electron acceptors other than oxygen to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_electron_transport]


A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors such as NADH and FADH2 to oxygen to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_electron_transport]


Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state at the level of the cell. [GOC:isa_complete, GOC:jl, ISBN:0395825172]


Catalysis of the transfer of FAT10 from one protein to another via the reaction X-FAT10 + Y --> Y-FAT10 + X, where both X-FAT10 and Y-FAT10 are covalent linkages. [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, PMID:12826404]


Binding to a type I interferon. Type I interferons include the interferon-alpha, beta, delta, epsilon, zeta, kappa, tau, and omega gene families. [GOC:add, ISBN:0126896631, PMID:15546383, PMID:16681834]


cerebral cortex radially oriented cell migration

The migration of cells in the developing cerebral cortex in which cells move from the ventricular and/or subventricular zone toward the surface of the brain. [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, PMID:12626695]


initiation of movement involved in cerebral cortex radial glia guided migration

The initial stages of cell motility involved in the glial-mediated movement of cells in the developing cerebral cortex. [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, PMID:12626695]


initiation of movement involved in cerebral cortex glial-mediated radial migration


neuronal-glial interaction involved in cerebral cortex glial-mediated radial migration

neuronal-glial interaction involved in cerebral cortex radial glia guided migration

The changes in adhesion between neuronal cells and glial cells as a component of the process of cerebral cortex glial-mediated radial cell migration. [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, PMID:12626695]


cell-cell adhesion involved in neuronal-glial interactions involved in cerebral cortex glial-mediated radial migration

cell-cell adhesion involved in neuronal-glial interactions involved in cerebral cortex radial glia guided migration

The interaction between two cells that modulates the association of a neuronal cell and a glial cell involved in glial-mediated radial cell migration in the cerebral cortex. [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, PMID:12626695]


modulation of microtubule cytoskeleton involved in cerebral cortex glial-mediated radial migration

modulation of microtubule cytoskeleton involved in cerebral cortex radial glia guided migration

Rearrangements of the microtubule cytoskeleton that contribute to the movement of cells along radial glial cells as a component of the process of cerebral cortex glial-mediated radial migration. [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, PMID:12626695]


extension of a leading process involved in cell motility in cerebral cortex radial glia guided migration

The rearrangements of the microtubule cytoskeleton that result in the extension of a leading process, where this process is involved in the movement of cells along radial glial cells. [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, PMID:12626695]


modulation of the microfilament cytoskeleton involved in cell locomotion in cerebral cortex glial-mediated radial migration

modulation of the microfilament cytoskeleton involved in cell locomotion in cerebral cortex radial glia guided migration

The changes in the actin cytoskeleton that are necessary for the movement of cells along radial glial cells as a component of the process of cerebral cortex glial-mediated radial cell migration. [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, PMID:12626695]


extracellular matrix organisation in marginal zone involved in cerebral cortex radial glia guided migration

organization of extracellular matrix in the marginal zone involved in cerebral cortex glial-mediated radial migration

extracellular matrix organization in marginal zone involved in cerebral cortex radial glia guided migration

The process that leads to the deposition of extracellular matrix signals in the marginal zone of the developing cerebral cortex. This extracellular matrix controls the movement of migrating cells. In mammals, the matrix is modified by Cajal-Retzius cells. [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, PMID:12626695]


inhibition of cell-glial cell adhesion involved in cerebral cortex lamination


down-regulation of cell locomotion involved in cerebral cortex glial-mediated radial cell migration

negative regulation of cell locomotion involved in cerebral cortex glial-mediated radial migration

negative regulation of cell locomotion involved in cerebral cortex radial glia guided migration

downregulation of cell locomotion involved in cerebral cortex glial-mediated radial cell migration

down regulation of cell locomotion involved in cerebral cortex glial-mediated radial cell migration

negative regulation of cell motility involved in cerebral cortex radial glia guided migration

The intracellular signaling pathway that results in the cessation of cell movement involved in lamination of the cerebral cortex. [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:tb, PMID:12626695]


inhibition of cell locomotion involved in cerebral cortex glial-mediated radial cell migration


negative regulation of hh signaling pathway involved in ventral spinal cord patterning

downregulation of smoothened signaling pathway in ventral spinal cord patterning

down-regulation of smoothened signaling pathway in ventral spinal cord patterning

negative regulation of hedgehog signaling pathway involved in ventral spinal cord patterning

down regulation of smoothened signaling pathway in ventral spinal cord patterning

negative regulation of smoothened signalling pathway in ventral spinal cord patterning

negative regulation of smoothened signaling pathway involved in ventral spinal cord patterning

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of smoothened signaling that is involved in the patterns of cell differentiation in the ventral spinal cord. [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:tb, PMID:11262869]


inhibition of smoothened signaling pathway in ventral spinal cord patterning


activation of granule cell precursor proliferation


stimulation of granule cell precursor proliferation


inhibition of granule cell precursor proliferation


calcium-mediated activation of granule cell migration


calcium-mediated stimulation of granule cell migration


inhibition of anterior neural cell fate of the neural plate


Wnt receptor signaling involved in inhibition of anterior neural cell fate of the neural plate


fgf receptor signaling involved in inhibition of anterior neural cell fate of the neural plate


cellular component disassembly at cellular level

A cellular process that results in the breakdown of a cellular component. [GOC:isa_complete]


A process involved in the sexual cycle seen in females, often with physiologic changes in the endometrium that recur at regular intervals during the reproductive years. [GOC:isa_complete]


cellular component assembly at cellular level

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a cellular component. [GOC:isa_complete]


A homohexameric complex that recognizes and unfolds core proteasome substrate proteins, and translocates them to the core complex in an ATP dependent manner. [GOC:bf, GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:19363223, PMID:19481528]

proteasome-activating nucleotidase complex location


A protein complex, that caps one or both ends of the proteasome core complex and regulates entry into, or exit from, the proteasome core complex. [GOC:mtg_sensu]


chloroplast ribosomal large subunit complex location

chloroplast ribosomal LSU complex location

The large subunit of a ribosome contained within a chloroplast. [GOC:mtg_sensu]


chloroplast ribosomal SSU complex location

chloroplast ribosomal small subunit complex location

The small subunit of a ribosome contained within a chloroplast. [GOC:mtg_sensu]


passive transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a single solute from one side of a membrane to the other by a mechanism involving conformational change, either by facilitated diffusion or in a membrane potential dependent process if the solute is charged. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


Small molecule produced by bacteria that carries an ion across the membrane by enclosing the ion and travelling with the ion across the membrane. It does not form a fully open pore across the membrane. [GOC:mtg_transport, GOC:pr, ISBN:0815340729]


Enables the active transport of a solute across a membrane by a mechanism involving conformational change, where energy for active transport is derived from membrane potential if the solute is charged. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]

membrane potential driven uniporter activity


The passive movement of molecules exceeding the rate expected by simple diffusion. No energy is expended in the process. It is achieved by the introduction of passively diffusing molecules to an enviroment or path that is more favorable to the movement of those molecules. Examples of facilitated diffusion are passive transport of hydrophilic substances across a lipid membrane through hydrophilic pores that traverse the membrane, and the sliding of a DNA BINDING PROTEIN along a strand of DNA.


Catalysis of the active transport of a sodium ion across a membrane by a mechanism involving conformational change, where energy for active transport is derived from membrane potential if the solute is charged. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


Catalysis of the active transport of a potassium ion across a membrane by a mechanism involving conformational change, where energy for active transport is derived from membrane potential if the solute is charged. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


Catalysis of the active transport of a potassium ion across a membrane by a mechanism whereby two or more species are transported in opposite directions in a tightly coupled process not directly linked to a form of energy other than chemiosmotic energy. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific neurotransmitter has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


Enables the transmembrane transfer of a solute by a channel that opens in response to phosphorylation of one of its constituent parts. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


Enables the transport of a solute across a membrane via a large pore, un-gated channel. Examples include gap junctions, which transport substances from one cell to another; and porins which transport substances in and out of bacteria, mitochondria and chloroplasts. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


Enables the transport of a solute across a membrane via a narrow pore channel that opens in response to a particular stimulus. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


Enables the transmembrane transfer of a solute by a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


Enables the transmembrane transfer of a solute by a channel that opens when a specific ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


extracellular substance gated channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a solute by a channel that opens when a specific neurotransmitter has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


Enables the transmembrane transfer of a solute by a channel that opens in response to a specific stimulus. [GOC:mtg_transport]


Enables the transmembrane transfer of a solute by a channel that opens in response to a specific ion stimulus. [GOC:mtg_transport]


Enables the transport of a solute across a membrane via a narrow pore channel that is open even in an unstimulated or 'resting' state. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


Enables the transport of a potassium ion across a membrane via a narrow pore channel that is open even in an unstimulated or 'resting' state. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


Enables the transport of a solute across a membrane via a narrow pore channel that may be gated or ungated. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


Enables the transmembrane transfer of a cation by a voltage-gated channel. A cation is a positively charged ion. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


glutamate-gated calcium ion channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


GABA-gated chloride ion channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a chloride ion by a channel that opens when GABA has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


glycine-gated chloride ion channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a chloride ion by a channel that opens when glycine has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-glucose phosphotransferase system transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + glucose(out) = protein histidine + glucose phosphate(in). This differs from primary and secondary active transport in that the solute is modified during transport. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-sorbitol phosphotransferase system transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + sorbitol(out) = protein histidine + sorbitol phosphate(in). This differs from primary and secondary active transport in that the solute is modified during transport. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


Enables the transfer of a substance, usually a specific substance or a group of related substances, from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


alanine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of alanine from one side of a membrane to the other. Alanine is 2-aminopropanoic acid. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


Enables the transmembrane transfer of a solute by a channel that opens in response to dephosphorylation of one of its constituent parts. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-lactose phosphotransferase system transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + lactose(out) = protein histidine + lactose phosphate(in). This differs from primary and secondary active transport in that the solute is modified during transport. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-mannose phosphotransferase system transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + mannose(out) = protein histidine + mannose phosphate(in). This differs from primary and secondary active transport in that the solute is modified during transport. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-sorbose phosphotransferase system transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + sorbose(out) = protein histidine + sorbose phosphate(in). This differs from primary and secondary active transport in that the solute is modified during transport. [GOC:mtg_transport, PMID:10613875, RHEA:49296]


protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-mannitol phosphotransferase system transmembrane transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + mannitol(out) = protein histidine + mannitol phosphate(in). This differs from primary and secondary active transport in that the solute is modified during transport. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-maltose phosphotransferase system transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + maltose(out) = protein histidine + maltose phosphate(in). This differs from primary and secondary active transport in that the solute is modified during transport. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-cellobiose phosphotransferase system transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + cellobiose(out) = protein histidine + cellobiose phosphate(in). This differs from primary and secondary active transport in that the solute is modified during transport. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-galactitol phosphotransferase system transmembrane transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + galactitol(out) = protein histidine + galactitol phosphate(in). This differs from primary and secondary active transport in that the solute is modified during transport. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-galactosamine phosphotransferase system transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + galactosamine(out) = protein histidine + galactosamine phosphate(in). This differs from primary and secondary active transport in that the solute is modified during transport. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-fructose phosphotransferase system transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + fructose(out) = protein histidine + fructose phosphate(in). This differs from primary and secondary active transport in that the solute is modified during transport. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-sucrose phosphotransferase system transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + sucrose(out) = protein histidine + sucrose phosphate(in). This differs from primary and secondary active transport in that the solute is modified during transport. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-trehalose phosphotransferase system transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + trehalose(out) = protein histidine + trehalose phosphate(in). This differs from primary and secondary active transport in that the solute is modified during transport. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


N-acetylglucosamine PTS transporter activity

protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-N-acetylglucosamine phosphotransferase system transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + N-acetylglucosamine(out) = protein histidine + N-acetylglucosamine phosphate(in). This differs from primary and secondary active transport in that the solute is modified during transport. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


N-acetylgalactosamine PTS transporter activity

protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-N-acetylgalactosamine phosphotransferase system transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + N-acetylgalactosamine(out) = protein histidine + N-acetylgalactosamine phosphate(in). This differs from primary and secondary active transport in that the solute is modified during transport. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-beta-glucoside phosphotransferase system transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + beta-glucoside(out) = protein histidine + beta-glucoside phosphate(in). This differs from primary and secondary active transport in that the solute is modified during transport. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


macromolecule transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a macromolecule from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


bacteriocin transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a bacteriocin from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


Enables transport of a solute across a membrane. This kind of transporter interacts much more weakly with the solute than the carrier does. It is an aqueous pore that extends across the membrane. It may change from closed to open and back. It transports faster than a carrier. It is always passive. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


serine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of serine from one side of a membrane to the other. Serine is 2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


inorganic cation transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of inorganic cations from one side of a membrane to the other. Inorganic cations are atoms or small molecules with a positive charge that do not contain carbon in covalent linkage. [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


low-affinity tryptophan transmembrane transporter activity

Catalysis of the low-affinity transfer of L-tryptophan from one side of a membrane to the other. Tryptophan is 2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid. In low-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute only if it is present at very high concentrations. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


low-affinity tryptophan permease activity


IK calcium-activated potassium channel activity

Intermediate conductance calcium-activated potassium channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of potassium by a channel with a unit conductance of 20 to 85 picoSiemens that opens in response to stimulus by internal calcium ions. Intermediate conductance calcium-activated potassium channels are more sensitive to calcium than are large conductance calcium-activated potassium channels. Transport by a channel involves catalysis of facilitated diffusion of a solute (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel, without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism. [GOC:mtg_transport, OMIM:602754]


proton-dependent peptide secondary active transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a peptide from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by proton movement. [GOC:mtg_transport]


regulation of transmembrane transporter activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transmembrane transporter activity. [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_cardio, GOC:mtg_transport]


A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors to any of several different terminal electron acceptors. [GOC:mtg_electron_transport]


A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors such as NADH and FADH2 to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. [GOC:mtg_electron_transport, ISBN:0716720094]


nucleus migration to megagametophyte poles

nucleus migration to female gametophyte poles

nuclear migration to female gametophyte poles

nuclear migration to megagametophyte poles

Migration of the nuclei of the two-nucleate embryo sac to opposite poles of the cell. [GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_plant, ISBN:047186840X]


nucleus migration to the female gametophyte centre

nuclear migration to the megagametophyte centre

nucleus migration to the female gametophyte center

nuclear migration to the female gametophyte centre

nuclear migration to the female gametophyte center

nuclear migration to the megagametophyte center

nuclear migration to the embryo sac centre

nuclear migration to the embryo sac center

Migration of one of the four nuclei at each pole of the eight-nucleate embryo sac, to the center of the cell. [GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_plant, ISBN:047186840X]


Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of anions at the level of a cell. [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah]


Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of potassium ions at the level of a cell. [GOC:mah]


Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of manganese ions at the level of a cell. [GOC:mah]


Photosystem located in the chloroplast that functions as a light-dependent plastocyanin-ferredoxin oxidoreductase, transferring electrons from plastocyanin to ferredoxin. An example of this is found in Arabidopsis thaliana. [GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_sensu]


AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex location

Any of several heterotetrameric complexes that link clathrin (or another coat-forming molecule, as hypothesized for AP-3 and AP-4) to a membrane surface; they are found on coated pits and coated vesicles, and mediate sorting of cargo proteins into vesicles. Each AP complex contains two large (a beta and one of either an alpha, gamma, delta, or epsilon) subunits (110-130 kDa), a medium (mu) subunit (approximately 50 kDa), and a small (sigma) subunit (15-20 kDa). [GOC:mah, PMID:10611976, PMID:15473838]


activation of frizzled signaling pathway


activation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway


stimulation of frizzled signaling pathway


stimulation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway


inhibition of frizzled signaling pathway


inhibition of Wnt receptor signaling pathway


Catalysis of the reaction: (-)-quinate + NAD+ = (-)-3-dehydroquinate + NADH + H+. [EC:1.1.1.24]


glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase activity
glyoxylate reductase (NADP+)
glyoxylate reductase (NADP+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: glycolate + NADP+ = glyoxylate + NADPH + H+. [RHEA:10992]


cell wall-enclosed periplasmic space
cell wall bounded periplasmic space
IWZ

The region between the plasma membrane and the cell wall in organisms lacking an outer cell membrane such as yeast and Gram positive bacteria. The region is thinner than the equivalent in Gram negative bacteria. [GOC:mlg, GOC:mtg_sensu]


cellular monovalent inorganic anion homeostasis

Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of monovalent inorganic anions at the level of a cell. [GOC:ai, GOC:mah]


hyaluronidase [but cf. EC:3.2.1.35 (hyalurononglucosaminidase) and EC:3.2.1.36 (hyaluronoglucuronidase)]


mitotic sporulation
asexual spore formation
mitotic spore formation
asexual reproductive sporulation

The formation of spores derived from the products of an asexual cell division. Examples of this process are found in bacteria and fungi. [GOC:mah, PMID:9529886]


Any process involved in the maturation of a precursor Small SubUnit (SSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule into a mature SSU-rRNA molecule. [GOC:curators]


activation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway


stimulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway


inhibition of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway


Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of sulfate ions at the level of a cell. [GOC:mah]


activation of border follicle cell delamination


stimulation of border follicle cell delamination


inhibition of border follicle cell delamination


oocyte localization during germarium-derived egg chamber formation


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a fatty acid = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a fatty acid methyl ester. [EC:2.1.1.15]


halogenated phenol O-methyltransferase activity


inhibition of nucleotide biosynthetic process


activation of nucleotide biosynthetic process


stimulation of nucleotide biosynthetic process


inhibition of nucleotide catabolic process


activation of nucleotide catabolic process


stimulation of nucleotide catabolic process


inhibition of actin filament depolymerization


activation of actin filament depolymerization


stimulation of actin filament depolymerization


inhibition of actin filament polymerization


activation of actin filament polymerization


stimulation of actin filament polymerization


inhibition of intermediate filament polymerization


activation of intermediate filament polymerization


stimulation of intermediate filament polymerization


inhibition of intermediate filament depolymerization


activation of intermediate filament depolymerization


stimulation of intermediate filament depolymerization


termination of RNA polymerase II transcription, poly(A)-coupled

The process in which transcription of polyadenylated RNA polymerase II transcripts is terminated; cleavage and polyadenylylation of the mRNA 3' end is coupled to transcription termination. [GOC:txnOH, PMID:12944462, PMID:18679429]


transcription termination from Pol II promoter, poly(A)-independent

transcription termination from Pol II promoter, RNA polymerase(A)-independent

termination of RNA polymerase II transcription, poly(A)-independent

termination of RNA polymerase II transcription, exosome-dependent

The process in which transcription of nonpolyadenylated RNA polymerase II transcripts is terminated; coupled to the maturation of the RNA 3'-end. [GOC:txnOH, PMID:12944462, PMID:18679429]


inhibition of granulocyte differentiation


activation of granulocyte differentiation


stimulation of granulocyte differentiation


inhibition of epithelial cell differentiation


activation of epithelial cell differentiation


stimulation of epithelial cell differentiation


inhibition of polarized epithelial cell differentiation


activation of polarized epithelial cell differentiation


stimulation of polarized epithelial cell differentiation


inhibition of myeloid dendritic cell activation


activation of myeloid dendritic cell activation


stimulation of myeloid dendritic cell activation


stimulation of type IIa hypersensitivity


stimulation of type IIb hypersensitivity


stimulation of type III hypersensitivity


inhibition of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity


activation of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity


stimulation of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity


inhibition of complement activation, lectin pathway


activation of complement activation, lectin pathway


stimulation of complement activation, lectin pathway


A tissue homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium within the retina of the eye, including control of cellular proliferation and death and control of metabolic function. [GOC:add, GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:15365173, PMID:15365178]


inhibition by symbiont of cytolysis of host cells


activation by symbiont of cytolysis of host cells


stimulation by symbiont of cytolysis of host cells


inhibition of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity


activation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity


stimulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity


inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway


activation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway


stimulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway


NADH dehydrogenase complex
NADH dehydrogenase complex location

An integral membrane complex that possesses NADH oxidoreductase activity. The complex is one of the components of the electron transport chain. It catalyzes the transfer of a pair of electrons from NADH to a quinone. [GOC:mah]


upregulation of sterol regulatory element binding protein target gene transcription

endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus sterol response pathway

positive regulation of sterol regulatory element binding protein target gene transcription involved in sterol depletion response

sterol depletion response, SREBP target gene transcriptional activation

sterol response element binding protein signaling pathway

positive regulation of transcription via sterol regulatory element binding involved in ER-nuclear sterol response pathway

endoplasmic reticulum-nuclear sterol response pathway

up-regulation of sterol regulatory element binding protein target gene transcription

up regulation of sterol regulatory element binding protein target gene transcription

The series of molecular signals from the endoplasmic reticulum to the nucleus generated as a consequence of decreased levels of one or more sterols (and in some yeast, changes in oxygen levels) and which proceeds through activation of a sterol response element binding transcription factor (SREBP) to result in up-regulation of target gene transcription. [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, GOC:signaling, GOC:vw, PMID:12923525, PMID:22017871]


down-regulation of septation initiation signaling

down regulation of septation initiation signaling

negative regulation of septation initiation signaling cascade

negative regulation of septation initiation signalling

downregulation of septation initiation signaling

negative regulation of septation initiation network

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of septation initiation signaling. [GOC:mah]


inhibition of septation initiation signaling


activation of septation initiation signaling


stimulation of septation initiation signaling


upregulation of septation initiation signaling

positive regulation of septation initiation signalling

up-regulation of septation initiation signaling

positive regulation of septation initiation signaling cascade

up regulation of septation initiation signaling

positive regulation of septation initiation network

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of septation initiation signaling. [GOC:mah]


inhibition of histone deacetylation at centromere


activation of histone deacetylation at centromere


stimulation of histone deacetylation at centromere


inhibition of microtubule polymerization or depolymerization


activation of microtubule polymerization or depolymerization


stimulation of microtubule polymerization or depolymerization


inhibition of microtubule polymerization


activation of microtubule polymerization


stimulation of microtubule polymerization


activation of microtubule depolymerization


stimulation of microtubule depolymerization


Catalysis of the reaction: L-serine + NADP(+) = L-alpha-formylglycine + 2 H(+) + NADPH. [EC:1.1.1.276, RHEA:21596]


inhibition of conjugation with cellular fusion


activation of conjugation with cellular fusion


stimulation of conjugation with cellular fusion


migratory slug development during sorocarp development


standing slug development during sorocarp development


regulation of aggregate size involved in sorocarp development

Any process that modulates the size of the aggregate formed during sorocarp formation. [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:pg, PMID:4338436]


downregulation of aggregate size
down regulation of aggregate size
down-regulation of aggregate size

negative regulation of aggregate size involved in sorocarp development

Any process that decreases the size of the aggregate formed during sorocarp formation. [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:pg, PMID:5002049]


upregulation of aggregate size
up regulation of aggregate size
up-regulation of aggregate size

positive regulation of aggregate size involved in sorocarp development

Any process that increases the size of the aggregate formed during sorocarp formation. [GOC:mah, GOC:pg, PMID:5002049]


otoconia mineralization
otoconium mineralization

otolith mineralization completed early in development

The formation of otoliths during embryogenesis with completion in early postembryonic development. Formation occurs by precipitation of specific crystal forms of calcium carbonate around an organic core of extracellular matrix proteins. Otoconia (otoliths) are small (~10 micron) dense extracellular particles present in the otolith end organs of the vertebrate inner ear. [GOC:dsf, PMID:15581873]


Catalysis of the hydrolysis of xylans, homopolysaccharides composed of xylose residues. [GOC:jh2, ISBN:81-7736-269-0]


The side of the outer membrane that is opposite to the side that faces the periplasm of the cell. [GOC:mlg, GOC:mtg_sensu]


inhibition of guanylate cyclase activity


activation of guanylate cyclase activity


stimulation of guanylate cyclase activity


inhibition of stalk cell differentiation


activation of stalk cell differentiation


stimulation of stalk cell differentiation


inhibition of cellular metabolic process


activation of cellular metabolic process


stimulation of cellular metabolic process


inhibition of cellular biosynthetic process


activation of cellular biosynthetic process


stimulation of cellular biosynthetic process


inhibition of cellular catabolic process


activation of cellular catabolic process


stimulation of cellular catabolic process


inhibition of sulfur amino acid metabolic process


activation of sulfur amino acid metabolic process


stimulation of sulfur amino acid metabolic process


inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthetic process


activation of prostaglandin biosynthetic process


stimulation of prostaglandin biosynthetic process


regulation of protein modification process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the covalent alteration of one or more amino acid residues within a protein. [GOC:mah, GOC:tb]


fast-twitch skeletal myofibre contraction

fast-twitch skeletal muscle fibre contraction

fast-twitch skeletal myofiber contraction

fast-twitch skeletal muscle fiber contraction

A process in which force is generated within fast-twitch skeletal muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. The fast-twitch skeletal muscle is characterized by fast time parameters, high force development and fatiguability. [GOC:ef, GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_muscle]


slow-twitch skeletal muscle fibre contraction

slow-twitch skeletal muscle fiber contraction

A process in which force is generated within slow-twitch skeletal muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. The slow-twitch skeletal muscle is characterized by slow time parameters, low force development and resistance to fatigue. [GOC:ef, GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_muscle]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, extent or location of heterochromatin formation. [GOC:mah]


regulation of fast-twitch skeletal muscle contraction

regulation of fast-twitch skeletal muscle fiber contraction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of fast-twitch skeletal muscle contraction. [GOC:dph, GOC:ef, GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_muscle, GOC:tb]


down-regulation of fast-twitch skeletal muscle contraction

down regulation of fast-twitch skeletal muscle contraction

negative regulation of fast-twitch skeletal muscle contraction

downregulation of fast-twitch skeletal muscle contraction

negative regulation of fast-twitch skeletal muscle fiber contraction

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of fast-twitch skeletal muscle contraction. [GOC:dph, GOC:ef, GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_muscle, GOC:tb]


inhibition of fast-twitch skeletal muscle contraction


up regulation of fast-twitch skeletal muscle contraction

upregulation of fast-twitch skeletal muscle contraction

up-regulation of fast-twitch skeletal muscle contraction

positive regulation of fast-twitch skeletal muscle contraction

positive regulation of fast-twitch skeletal muscle fiber contraction

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of fast-twitch skeletal muscle contraction. [GOC:dph, GOC:ef, GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_muscle, GOC:tb]


activation of fast-twitch skeletal muscle contraction


stimulation of fast-twitch skeletal muscle contraction


regulation of slow-twitch skeletal muscle contraction

regulation of slow-twitch skeletal muscle fiber contraction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of slow-twitch skeletal muscle contraction. [GOC:dph, GOC:ef, GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_muscle, GOC:tb]


downregulation of slow-twitch skeletal muscle contraction

down-regulation of slow-twitch skeletal muscle contraction

down regulation of slow-twitch skeletal muscle contraction

negative regulation of slow-twitch skeletal muscle contraction

negative regulation of slow-twitch skeletal muscle fiber contraction

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of slow-twitch skeletal muscle contraction. [GOC:dph, GOC:ef, GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_muscle, GOC:tb]


inhibition of slow-twitch skeletal muscle contraction


up-regulation of slow-twitch skeletal muscle contraction

positive regulation of slow-twitch skeletal muscle contraction

upregulation of slow-twitch skeletal muscle contraction

up regulation of slow-twitch skeletal muscle contraction

positive regulation of slow-twitch skeletal muscle fiber contraction

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of slow-twitch skeletal muscle contraction. [GOC:dph, GOC:ef, GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_muscle, GOC:tb]


activation of slow-twitch skeletal muscle contraction


stimulation of slow-twitch skeletal muscle contraction


down regulation of heterochromatin formation

down-regulation of heterochromatin formation

downregulation of heterochromatin formation

negative regulation of heterochromatin formation

negative regulation of heterochromatin assembly

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of heterochromatin formation. [GOC:mah]


up regulation of heterochromatin formation

positive regulation of heterochromatin formation

up-regulation of heterochromatin formation

upregulation of heterochromatin formation

positive regulation of heterochromatin assembly

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of heterochromatin formation. [GOC:mah]


stimulation of heterochromatin formation


beta-glucan-containing cell wall organization and biogenesis


chitin- and beta-glucan-containing cell wall organization and biogenesis


chitin-containing cell wall organization and biogenesis


inhibition of anthocyanin metabolic process


activation of anthocyanin metabolic process


stimulation of anthocyanin metabolic process


inhibition of anthocyanin biosynthetic process


activation of anthocyanin biosynthetic process


stimulation of anthocyanin biosynthetic process


inhibition of brain-derived neurotrophic factor receptor signaling pathway


activation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor receptor signaling pathway


stimulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor receptor signaling pathway


inhibition of brain-derived neurotrophic factor receptor activity


activation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor receptor activity


stimulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor receptor activity


A type of transcriptional regulation at the level of early termination. This process can occur only in prokaryotes, where transcription of an operon into messenger RNA and translation of that mRNA into polypeptides occur simultaneously. The general principle is that alternative mRNA secondary structures occur under different physiological conditions such as available amount of a particular amino acid. One set of conditions favors early termination of transcription. In the classic example of the trp biosynthesis operon, translation of the gene for a short, trp-containing polypeptide called the trp operon leader peptide pauses either at a trp codon (if tryptophan is scarce) or the stop codon (if trp is readily available). In the former situation transcription continues, but in the latter a Rho-independent terminator forms and reduces, or attenuates, expression of the tryptophan biosynthesis genes. Although the polypeptides encoded by leader peptide genes appear not to be stable once their translation is complete, it is suggested by recent studies that their nascent polypeptide chains interact specifically with ribosomes, specific uncharged tRNAs, or other cellular components to inhibit release at the stop codon and improve the function of transcriptional attenuation as a regulatory switch. [GOC:dh, GOC:mlg, ISBN:0198542682]


Protein complex that has a role in determining cell polarity, found at the neck of a fungal bud before and during cytokinesis. [PMID:9632790]


Protein complex that has a role in determining cell polarity, found at the tip of a growing fungal bud. [PMID:9632790]


negative regulation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor activity

down regulation of IP3 receptor activity

down-regulation of IP3 receptor activity

negative regulation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-sensitive calcium-release channel activity

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-sensitive calcium-release channel. [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:signaling]


negative regulation of pyrexia
down regulation of fever
downregulation of fever
down-regulation of fever

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate or extent of fever generation. [GOC:add, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


upregulation of fever
up regulation of fever
positive regulation of pyrexia
up-regulation of fever

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of fever generation. [GOC:add]


inhibition of synaptic vesicle fusion to presynaptic membrane


activation of synaptic vesicle fusion to presynaptic membrane


stimulation of synaptic vesicle fusion to presynaptic membrane


inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway


activation of lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway


stimulation of lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway


pyridoxal transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of pyridoxal from one side of a membrane to the other. Pyridoxal, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl-4-pyridinecarboxaldehyde, is one of the vitamin B6 compounds. Pyridoxal, pyridoxamine and pyridoxine are collectively known as vitamin B6, and are efficiently converted to the biologically active form of vitamin B6, pyridoxal phosphate. [GOC:mah]


pyridoxal phosphate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of pyridoxal phosphate from one side of a membrane to the other. Pyridoxal phosphate is pyridoxal phosphorylated at the hydroxymethyl group of C-5, and is the active form of vitamin B6. [GOC:mah]


pyridoxamine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of pyridoxamine from one side of a membrane to the other. Pyridoxamine, 4-(aminomethyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-3-ol, is one of the vitamin B6 compounds. Pyridoxal, pyridoxamine and pyridoxine are collectively known as vitamin B6, and are efficiently converted to the biologically active form of vitamin B6, pyridoxal phosphate. [GOC:mah]


pyridoxine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of pyridoxine from one side of a membrane to the other. Pyridoxine, 2-methyl-3-hydroxy-4,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)pyridine, is one of the vitamin B6 compounds. Pyridoxal, pyridoxamine and pyridoxine are collectively known as vitamin B6, and are efficiently converted to the biologically active form of vitamin B6, pyridoxal phosphate. [GOC:mah]


inhibition of glucocorticoid metabolic process


activation of glucocorticoid metabolic process


stimulation of glucocorticoid metabolic process


inhibition of glucocorticoid biosynthetic process


activation of glucocorticoid biosynthetic process


stimulation of glucocorticoid biosynthetic process


inhibition of glucocorticoid catabolic process


activation of glucocorticoid catabolic process


stimulation of glucocorticoid catabolic process


inhibition of protein amino acid autophosphorylation


activation of protein amino acid autophosphorylation


stimulation of protein amino acid autophosphorylation


stimulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation


positive regulation of target of rapamycin signalling pathway

positive regulation of TOR signaling cascade

positive regulation of TOR signaling pathway

positive regulation of target of rapamycin signaling pathway

positive regulation of TOR signalling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of TOR signaling. [GOC:mah]


inhibition of ARF protein signal transduction


activation of ARF protein signal transduction


stimulation of ARF protein signal transduction


inhibition of Ran protein signal transduction


activation of Ran protein signal transduction


stimulation of Ran protein signal transduction


inhibition of translation in response to stress


activation of translation in response to stress


stimulation of translation in response to stress


downregulation of translation initiation in response to stress

down regulation of translation initiation in response to stress

down-regulation of translation initiation in response to stress

negative regulation of translational initiation in response to stress

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate of translation initiation as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. [GOC:mah]


inhibition of translation initiation in response to stress


up-regulation of translation initiation in response to stress

upregulation of translation initiation in response to stress

up regulation of translation initiation in response to stress

positive regulation of translational initiation in response to stress

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of translation initiation as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. [GOC:mah]


activation of translation initiation in response to stress


stimulation of translation initiation in response to stress


inhibition of translation in response to osmotic stress


activation of translation in response to osmotic stress


stimulation of translation in response to osmotic stress


downregulation of translation initiation in response to osmotic stress

down-regulation of translation initiation in response to osmotic stress

down regulation of translation initiation in response to osmotic stress

negative regulation of translational initiation in response to osmotic stress

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate of translation initiation, as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of solutes outside the organism or cell. [GOC:mah]


inhibition of translation initiation in response to osmotic stress


up regulation of translation initiation in response to osmotic stress

upregulation of translation initiation in response to osmotic stress

up-regulation of translation initiation in response to osmotic stress

positive regulation of translational initiation in response to osmotic stress

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of translation initiation, as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of solutes outside the organism or cell. [GOC:mah]


activation of translation initiation in response to osmotic stress


stimulation of translation initiation in response to osmotic stress


inhibition of deoxyribonuclease activity


activation of deoxyribonuclease activity


stimulation of deoxyribonuclease activity


inhibition of endodeoxyribonuclease activity


activation of endodeoxyribonuclease activity


stimulation of endodeoxyribonuclease activity


regulation of type III restriction endoribonuclease activity

regulation of type III site-specific deoxyribonuclease activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a type III restriction endodeoxyribonuclease activity. [GOC:dph, GOC:mah]


inhibition of response to external stimulus


activation of response to external stimulus


stimulation of response to external stimulus


inhibition of response to extracellular stimulus


activation of response to extracellular stimulus


stimulation of response to extracellular stimulus


inhibition of response to nutrient levels


activation of response to nutrient levels


stimulation of response to nutrient levels


A tubular structure with flared ends, shaped like an hourglass and composed of highly ordered arrays of septin filaments, that forms at the bud neck of a dividing cell. In S. cerevisiae, this structure is located at the bud neck throughout most of the cell cycle and the septins are fixed within the structure, not exchanging with soluble septins. This septin structure acts as a scaffold for other proteins that function at the bud neck. [GOC:krc, PMID:16009555]


Two separate septin rings that are formed from the septin collar at the time of cytokinesis in cells that divide by budding. These two rings are thought to delineate a special compartment in which factors involved in cytokinesis are concentrated. [GOC:krc, PMID:16009555]


cellular bud neck septin ring organisation

cellular bud neck septin ring organization

Control of the formation, spatial distribution, and breakdown of a septin ring located at the bud neck. [GOC:mah]


inhibition of telomere maintenance via recombination


activation of telomere maintenance via recombination


stimulation of telomere maintenance via recombination


inhibition of telomere maintenance via telomerase


activation of telomere maintenance via telomerase


stimulation of telomere maintenance via telomerase


inhibition of telomere maintenance via semi-conservative replication


activation of telomere maintenance via semi-conservative replication


stimulation of telomere maintenance via semi-conservative replication


Clr6 histone deacetylase complex II location

Clr6 histone deacetylase complex II' location

A eukaryotically conserved histone deacetylase complex which deacetylates histones across gene coding regions. Composed of a catalytic histone deacetylase subunit, a chromodomain protein, a SIN3 family co-repressor, and a WD repeat protein (Clr6p, Alp13p, Pst2p, and Prw1p respectively in Schizosaccharomyces; Rpd3p, Sin3p, Ume1p, Rco1p and Eaf3 in Saccharomyces; homologs thereof in other species). [GOC:vw, PMID:12773392, PMID:17450151]


inhibition of synaptic transmission, cholinergic


activation of synaptic transmission, cholinergic


stimulation of synaptic transmission, cholinergic


activation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic


stimulation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic


inhibition of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic


inhibition of synaptic transmission, GABAergic


activation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic


stimulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic


down regulation of actin filament bundle formation

downregulation of actin filament bundle formation

down-regulation of actin filament bundle formation

negative regulation of actin filament bundle assembly

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of actin filament bundles. [GOC:mah]


inhibition of actin filament bundle formation


activation of actin filament bundle formation


stimulation of actin filament bundle formation


upregulation of actin filament bundle formation

up-regulation of actin filament bundle formation

up regulation of actin filament bundle formation

positive regulation of actin filament bundle assembly

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of actin filament bundles. [GOC:mah]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of store-operated calcium channel activity. [GOC:TermGenie]

regulation of store-operated calcium channel activity


inhibition of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid transport


activation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid transport


stimulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid transport


up regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid transport

up-regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid transport

upregulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid transport

positive regulation of nucleobase-containing compound transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:mah]


inhibition of purine nucleoside transport


activation of purine nucleoside transport


stimulation of purine nucleoside transport


Catalysis of the ligation of lysine onto the cytidine residue present at the wobble position (usually position 34) of an AUA-specific isoleucine tRNA, to form the derivative lysidine. This modification converts both the codon specificity of tRNA(Ile) from AUG to AUA and its amino acid specificity from methionine to isoleucine. [PMID:14527414]


inhibition of DNA replication initiation


activation of DNA replication initiation


stimulation of DNA replication initiation


inhibition of chondrocyte differentiation


activation of chondrocyte differentiation


stimulation of chondrocyte differentiation


inhibition of aldosterone metabolic process


activation of aldosterone metabolic process


stimulation of aldosterone metabolic process


inhibition of aldosterone biosynthetic process


activation of aldosterone biosynthetic process


stimulation of aldosterone biosynthetic process


stimulation of hormone metabolic process


inhibition of hormone biosynthetic process


inhibition of intracellular lipid transport


activation of intracellular lipid transport


stimulation of intracellular lipid transport


inhibition of intracellular sterol transport


activation of intracellular sterol transport


stimulation of intracellular sterol transport


inhibition of intracellular cholesterol transport


activation of intracellular cholesterol transport


stimulation of intracellular cholesterol transport


inhibition of sodium:hydrogen antiporter activity


activation of sodium:hydrogen antiporter activity


stimulation of sodium:hydrogen antiporter activity


activation of phospholipase A2 activity
phospholipase A2 activation

Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme phospholipase A2. [GOC:mah]


stimulation of phospholipase A2 activity


inhibition of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process


activation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process


stimulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process


NAD(P)H-dependent alkenal/one oxidoreductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: n-alkanal + NAD(P)+ = alk-2-enal + NAD(P)H + H+. [EC:1.3.1.74, PMID:16299173]


Catalysis of the reaction: n-alkanal + NADP+ = alk-2-enal + NADPH + H+. [GOC:bf, GOC:kad, PMID:16299173]


inhibition of protein homooligomerization


activation of protein homooligomerization


stimulation of protein homooligomerization


inhibition of type I interferon production


activation of type I interferon production


stimulation of type I interferon production


endosome transport via MVB sorting pathway

endosome transport via multivesicular body sorting pathway

The directed movement of substances from endosomes to lysosomes or vacuoles by a pathway in which molecules are sorted into multivesicular bodies, which then fuse with the target compartment. [GOC:mah, PMID:12461556, PMID:16689637]


endosome to lysosome transport via MVB sorting pathway

endosome to lysosome transport via multivesicular body sorting pathway

The directed movement of substances from endosomes to lysosomes by a pathway in which molecules are sorted into multivesicular bodies, which then fuse with the lysosome. [GOC:mah, PMID:12461556, PMID:16689637]


endosome to vacuole transport via MVB sorting pathway

late endosome to vacuole transport via multivesicular body sorting pathway

The directed movement of substances from endosomes to vacuoles by a pathway in which molecules are sorted into multivesicular bodies, which then fuse with the vacuole. [GOC:mah, PMID:12461556, PMID:16689637]


inhibition of protein phosphatase type 2B activity


activation of protein phosphatase type 2B activity


stimulation of protein phosphatase type 2B activity


down regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity

down-regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity

downregulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity

negative regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity

Any process that stops or reduces the activity of a phosphoprotein phosphatase. [GOC:mah]


inhibition of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity


up-regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity

upregulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity

up regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity

positive regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity

Any process that activates or increases the activity of a phosphoprotein phosphatase. [GOC:mah]


activation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity


stimulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity


A protein complex formed by the association of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) with calcineurin; complex formation is implicated in activation of calcineurin by SOD1. [GOC:mah, PMID:17324120]


silicon efflux transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of silicon from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell across a membrane. [GOC:mah, PMID:17625566]


somite rostral/caudal axis specification

The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the rostro-caudal axis of a somite, prior to the morphological formation of a somite boundary. [GOC:bf, PMID:16326386, PMID:17360776]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a retinoic acid stimulus. [GOC:sl]


protein export from endoplasmic reticulum

The directed movement of proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum. [GOC:rb]


microvillus organisation
microvillus organization and biogenesis

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a microvillus, a thin cylindrical membrane-covered projection on the surface of a cell. [GOC:mah]


follicle cell microvillus organization and biogenesis

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a microvillus on a follicle cell. A microvillus is a thin cylindrical membrane-covered projection on the surface of an animal cell containing a core bundle of actin filaments. [GOC:sart, PMID:16507588]


regulation of microvillus organization and biogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a microvillus. [GOC:mah]


regulation of follicle cell microvillus organisation

regulation of follicle cell microvillus organization and biogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a microvillus on a follicle cell. [GOC:mah]


A process that modulates the length of a microvillus. [GOC:mah]


regulation of follicle cell microvillus length

A process that modulates the length of a microvillus on a follicle cell. [GOC:sart, PMID:16260500]


A process that modulates the size of a cellular component. [GOC:mah]


A process that modulates the size of a cell projection. [GOC:mah]


The specific behavior of an organism that are associated with finding a host organism; may include behavioral responses to light, temperature, or chemical emanations from the prospective host. [GOC:mah, GOC:pr, PMID:11931033]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any behavior associated with finding a host organism. [GOC:mah]


negative regulation of host-seeking behaviour

down regulation of host-seeking behavior

down-regulation of host-seeking behavior

negative regulation of host-seeking behavior

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of any behavior associated with finding a host organism. [GOC:mah]


positive regulation of host-seeking behaviour

positive regulation of host-seeking behavior

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of any behavior associated with finding a host organism. [GOC:mah]


A cortical network of highly dynamic tubules that are juxtaposed to the plasma membrane and undergo ring closure and tubule-branching movements. [GOC:se, PMID:10931860, PMID:17686782]


sulphiredoxin activity
sulfiredoxin activity
Srx1

Catalysis of the reaction: peroxiredoxin-(S-hydroxy-S-oxocysteine) + ATP + 2 R-SH = peroxiredoxin-(S-hydroxycysteine) + ADP + phosphate + R-S-S-R. [EC:1.8.98.2, PMID:16102934]


mitochondrial protein biosynthesis
mitochondrial protein anabolism
mitochondrial protein synthesis
mitochondrial protein translation
mitochondrial protein formation

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a protein in a mitochondrion. This is a ribosome-mediated process in which the information in messenger RNA (mRNA) is used to specify the sequence of amino acids in the protein; the mitochondrion has its own ribosomes and transfer RNAs, and uses a genetic code that differs from the nuclear code. [GOC:go_curators]


plastid protein synthesis
plastid protein anabolism
plastid protein translation
plastid protein formation
plastid protein biosynthesis

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a protein in a plastid. This is a ribosome-mediated process in which the information in messenger RNA (mRNA) is used to specify the sequence of amino acids in the protein; the plastid has its own ribosomes and transfer RNAs, and uses a genetic code that differs from the nuclear code. [GOC:go_curators]


A protein complex that is involved in the transcription of ribosomal genes. In Saccharomyces this complex consists of Ckb2p, Utp22p, Rrp7p and Ifh1p. [PMID:17452446]


Binding to a deoxyribonucleoside, a compound consisting of a purine or pyrimidine nitrogenous base linked to deoxyribose. [GOC:mah]


Binding to a purine deoxyribonucleoside, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to deoxyribose. [GOC:mah]


Binding to a pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside, a compound consisting of a pyrimidine base linked to deoxyribose. [GOC:mah]


Binding to a ribonucleoside, a compound consisting of a purine or pyrimidine nitrogenous base linked to ribose. [GOC:mah]


Binding to a purine ribonucleoside, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to ribose. [GOC:mah]


Binding to a pyrimidine ribonucleoside, a compound consisting of a pyrimidine base linked to ribose. [GOC:mah]


Binding to a deoxyribonucleotide, any compound consisting of a deoxyribonucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the deoxyribose moiety. [GOC:mah]


Binding to a ribonucleotide, any compound consisting of a ribonucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose moiety. [GOC:mah]


Binding to a purine deoxyribonucleotide, any compound consisting of a purine deoxyribonucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the deoxyribose moiety. [GOC:mah]


Binding to a purine ribonucleotide, any compound consisting of a purine ribonucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose moiety. [GOC:mah]


Binding to a pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide, any compound consisting of a pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the deoxyribose moiety. [GOC:mah]


Binding to a pyrimidine ribonucleotide, any compound consisting of a pyrimidine ribonucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose moiety. [GOC:mah]


Binding to an adenyl deoxyribonucleotide, any compound consisting of adenosine esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the deoxyribose moiety. [GOC:mah]


Binding to an adenyl ribonucleotide, any compound consisting of adenosine esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose moiety. [GOC:mah]


Binding to a guanyl deoxyribonucleotide, any compound consisting of guanosine esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the deoxyribose moiety. [GOC:mah]


Binding to a guanyl ribonucleotide, any compound consisting of guanosine esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose moiety. [GOC:mah]


Binding to dAMP, deoxyadenosine monophosphate. [GOC:mah]


Binding to dADP, deoxyadenosine diphosphate. [GOC:mah]


Binding to dATP, deoxyadenosine triphosphate. [GOC:mah]


Binding to dGMP, deoxyguanosine monophosphate. [GOC:mah]


Binding to dGDP, deoxyguanosine diphosphate. [GOC:mah]


Binding to dGTP, deoxyguanosine triphosphate. [GOC:mah]


general transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter


gene-specific transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a progesterone stimulus. [GOC:sl]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vitamin K stimulus. [GOC:sl]


response to vitamin K2
response to menatetrenone

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a menaquinone (vitamin K2) stimulus. [GOC:sl]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a phylloquinone (vitamin K1) stimulus. [GOC:sl]


ATP-dependent 5' to 3' RNA helicase activity

ATP-dependent 5'-3' RNA helicase activity

Unwinding of an RNA helix in the 5' to 3' direction, driven by ATP hydrolysis. [GOC:jp]


Catalysis of the transfer of a linoleoyl ((9Z,12Z)-octadeca-9,12-dienoyl) group to an oxygen atom on the acceptor molecule. [GOC:cb]


Catalysis of the transfer of a linoleoyl ((9Z,12Z)-octadeca-9,12-dienoyl) group from phosphatidylcholine to an oxygen atom on a cardiolipin molecule. [GOC:cb, GOC:mah]


The lipid bilayer surrounding an aleurone grain. [GOC:ecd]


A fibrous network that is part of the hyalin layer extracellular matrix. The apical lamina is thought to be principally composed of the glycoproteins fibropellins. This matrix has been found in echinoderms. [GOC:ecd, PMID:2060714, PMID:7608987, PMID:9638331]


regulation of gene-specific transcription


The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a growth cone. [GOC:mah]


MVE membrane
multivesicular endosome membrane
MVB membrane

The lipid bilayer surrounding a multivesicular body. [GOC:mah]


The lipid bilayer surrounding a protein storage vacuole. [GOC:mah]


The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments that make up the trans-Golgi network. [GOC:mah]


The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a neuron projection. [GOC:mah]


The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a dendrite. [GOC:mah]


The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a dendritic spine. [GOC:mah]


integral component of mitochondrial membrane

The component of the mitochondrial membrane consisting of the gene products having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah]


A small membrane-bounded vesicle that releases its contents by exocytosis in response to insulin stimulation; the contents are enriched in GLUT4, IRAP and VAMP2. [PMID:17644329]


The directed movement of a protein from one location to another within a lipid bilayer. [GOC:mah]


B cell receptor translocation within membrane

B cell receptor transport within lipid bilayer

The directed movement of a B cell receptor within a lipid bilayer. [GOC:mah]


protein translocation into membrane raft

The directed movement of a protein into a membrane raft. Membrane rafts are small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalize cellular processes. [GOC:mah]


receptor translocation into membrane raft


B cell receptor transport into lipid raft

B cell receptor translocation into membrane raft

B cell receptor transport into membrane raft

The directed movement of a B cell receptor into a membrane raft. [GOC:mah]


BCR transport into immunological synapse

BCR translocation into immunological synapse

B cell receptor translocation into immunological synapse

B cell receptor transport into immunological synapse

The directed movement of a B cell receptor into an immunological synapse. [GOC:mah]


protein translocation out of membrane raft

The directed movement of a protein out of a membrane raft. Membrane rafts are small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalize cellular processes. [GOC:mah]


receptor translocation out of membrane raft


chemokine receptor transport out of lipid raft

chemokine receptor translocation out of membrane raft

chemokine receptor transport out of membrane raft

The directed movement of a chemokine receptor out of a membrane raft. [GOC:mah]


inhibition of connective tissue growth factor production


inhibition of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor production


inhibition of hepatocyte growth factor production


inhibition of interferon-alpha production


inhibition of interferon-beta production


inhibition of interferon-gamma production


inhibition of interleukin-1 alpha production


inhibition of interleukin-1 beta production


inhibition of tumor necrosis factor production


activation of connective tissue growth factor production


stimulation of connective tissue growth factor production


activation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor production


stimulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor production


activation of hepatocyte growth factor production


stimulation of hepatocyte growth factor production


activation of interferon-alpha production


stimulation of interferon-alpha production


activation of interferon-beta production


stimulation of interferon-beta production


activation of interferon-gamma production


stimulation of interferon-gamma production


activation of interleukin-1 alpha production


stimulation of interleukin-1 alpha production


activation of interleukin-1 beta production


stimulation of interleukin-1 beta production


stimulation of interleukin-10 production


stimulation of interleukin-11 production


stimulation of interleukin-12 production


stimulation of interleukin-13 production


stimulation of interleukin-15 production


stimulation of interleukin-16 production


stimulation of interleukin-17 production


stimulation of interleukin-18 production


stimulation of interleukin-19 production


stimulation of interleukin-20 production


stimulation of interleukin-21 production


stimulation of interleukin-22 production


stimulation of interleukin-23 production


stimulation of interleukin-24 production


stimulation of interleukin-25 production


stimulation of interleukin-26 production


stimulation of interleukin-27 production


inhibition of T cell mediated cytotoxicity


activation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity


stimulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity


inhibition of B-1 B cell differentiation


activation of B-1 B cell differentiation


stimulation of B-1 B cell differentiation


down regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation

downregulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation

down-regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation

negative regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation

negative regulation of protein phosphorylation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate of addition of phosphate groups to amino acids within a protein. [GOC:hjd]


inhibition of protein amino acid phosphorylation


activation of protein amino acid phosphorylation


stimulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation


upregulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation

positive regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation

up regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation

up-regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation

positive regulation of protein phosphorylation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups to amino acids within a protein. [GOC:hjd]


inhibition of endothelial cell proliferation


activation of endothelial cell proliferation


stimulation of endothelial cell proliferation


activation of neurotransmitter secretion


stimulation of neurotransmitter secretion


activation of activation of membrane attack complex


stimulation of activation of membrane attack complex


inhibition of activation of membrane attack complex


blood pressure regulation by neurological process

neurological system process involved in regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure

neurological process involved in regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure

nervous system process involved in regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure

The regulation of blood pressure mediated by detection of stimuli and a neurological response. [GOC:mtg_cardio, ISBN:0721643949]


renal system process involved in regulation of blood volume

A slow mechanism of blood pressure regulation that responds to changes in pressure resulting from fluid and salt intake by modulating the quantity of blood in the circulatory system. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, ISBN:0721643949]


carotid sinus baroreceptor feedback regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure

regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by carotid sinus baroreceptor feedback

The process that modulates blood pressure by sensing the amount of stretch occurring in large arteries and responding to the input via central nervous system control. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, ISBN:0721643949]


chemoreceptor regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure

regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by chemoreceptor signalling

regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by chemoreceptor signaling

The process that modulates blood pressure by the action of chemoreceptors found in the carotid and aortic bodies and their resultant modulation of the vasomotor center. Chemoreceptors respond to oxygen, carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, ISBN:0721643949]


ischemic regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure

regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by ischemic conditions

The process that modulates blood pressure by the detection of carbon dioxide levels in the brain stem. Increased levels activate the sympathetic vasoconstrictor mechanism increasing the force with which blood flows through the circulatory system. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, ISBN:0721643949]


inhibition of heart contraction rate in baroreceptor response to increased blood pressure


negative regulation of cardiac contraction rate in baroreceptor response to increased blood pressure


decreased force of heart contraction during baroreceptor response to increased systemic arterial blood pressure

decreased strength of cardiac contraction during baroreceptor response to increased blood pressure

negative regulation of the force of heart contraction involved in baroreceptor response to increased systemic arterial blood pressure

Any process that decreases the force with which the cardiac muscles of the heart pump blood through the circulatory system as a result of the baroreceptor response to increased blood pressure. [GOC:mtg_cardio, ISBN:0721643949]


vasoconstriction of artery involved in baroreceptor response to lowering of systemic arterial blood pressure

A process that is triggered by vasomotor excitation and results in a decrease in the diameter of an artery during the baroreceptor response to decreased blood pressure. [ISBN:0721643949]


positive regulation of the force of heart contraction during baroreceptor response to decreased systemic arterial blood pressure

increased force of heart contraction during baroreceptor response to decreased systemic arterial blood pressure


increased strength of cardiac contraction during baroreceptor response to decreased blood pressure


noradrenaline-adrenaline regulation of blood pressure


up regulation of heart contraction rate by epinephrine-norepinephrine

positive regulation of heart contraction rate by adrenaline-noradrenaline

positive regulation of cardiac contraction rate by epinephrine-norepinephrine

upregulation of heart contraction rate by epinephrine-norepinephrine

up-regulation of heart contraction rate by epinephrine-norepinephrine

positive regulation of heart rate by epinephrine-norepinephrine

The process in which the presence of epinephrine or norepinephrine in the bloodstream activates, maintains or increases the rate of heart contraction. [GOC:dph]


activation of heart contraction rate by epinephrine-norepinephrine


stimulation of heart contraction rate by epinephrine-norepinephrine