up-regulation of adipose tissue development

up regulation of adipose tissue development

upregulation of adipose tissue development

positive regulation of adipose tissue development

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of adipose tissue development. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23081848]


down regulation of adipose tissue development

down-regulation of adipose tissue development

downregulation of adipose tissue development

negative regulation of adipose tissue development

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of adipose tissue development. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23081848]


regulation of adipose tissue development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of adipose tissue development. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23081848]


up-regulation of histone demethylase activity (H3-K4 specific)

up regulation of histone demethylase activity (H3-K4 specific)

upregulation of histone demethylase activity (H3-K4 specific)

positive regulation of histone demethylase activity (H3-K4 specific)

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of histone demethylase activity (H3-K4 specific). [GO_REF:0000059, GOC:dph, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:24843136]


down regulation of histone demethylase activity (H3-K4 specific)

down-regulation of histone demethylase activity (H3-K4 specific)

downregulation of histone demethylase activity (H3-K4 specific)

negative regulation of histone demethylase activity (H3-K4 specific)

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of histone demethylase activity (H3-K4 specific). [GO_REF:0000059, GOC:dph, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:24843136]


regulation of histone demethylase activity (H3-K4 specific)

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of histone demethylase activity (H3-K4 specific). [GO_REF:0000059, GOC:dph, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:24843136]


positive regulation of cell blebbing
upregulation of cell blebbing
up-regulation of cell blebbing
up regulation of bleb assembly
up-regulation of bleb assembly
upregulation of bleb assembly
up regulation of cell blebbing

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of bleb assembly. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:als, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:25651887]


down-regulation of cell blebbing
negative regulation of cell blebbing
downregulation of bleb assembly
down regulation of bleb assembly
down regulation of cell blebbing
downregulation of cell blebbing
down-regulation of bleb assembly

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of bleb assembly. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:als, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:25651887]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of bleb assembly. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:als, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:25651887]


positive regulation of thyroid hormone receptor activity


negative regulation of thyroid hormone receptor activity


regulation of thyroid hormone receptor activity


DNA synthesis involved in UVDE-dependent excision repair

DNA synthesis involved in UV-damaged DNA endonuclease-dependent excision repair

DNA synthesis involved in UV-damage excision repair

Any DNA synthesis that is involved in UV-damage excision repair. [GO_REF:0000060, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:10704216]


protein localization in chloroplast starch grain

protein localisation to chloroplast starch grain

protein localisation in chloroplast starch grain

protein localization to chloroplast starch grain

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a chloroplast starch grain. [GO_REF:0000087, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:25710501]


The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a megasporocyte. [GO_REF:0000086, GOC:tair_curators, GOC:TermGenie]


The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an axonemal central apparatus. [GO_REF:0000079, GOC:cilia, GOC:krc, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:9295136]


The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a DN4 thymocyte. A DN4 thymocyte is a CD4-,CD8- thymocyte that is also CD44-,CD25-. [GO_REF:0000086, GOC:dph, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:25398325]


The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a DN3 thymocyte. A DN3 thymocyte is a CD4-,CD8- thymocyte that is also CD44+,CD25+. [GO_REF:0000086, GOC:dph, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:25398325]


The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a DN2 thymocyte. A DN2 thymocyte is a CD4-,CD8- thymocyte that is also CD44+,CD25-. [GO_REF:0000086, GOC:dph, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:25398325]


upregulation of protein dislocation from ER

up-regulation of protein dislocation from ER

positive regulation of protein retrotranslocation from ER

upregulation of retrograde protein transport, ER to cytosol

up regulation of protein dislocation from ER

positive regulation of protein dislocation from ER

up-regulation of retrograde protein transport, endoplasmic reticulum to cytosol

positive regulation of retrograde protein transport, endoplasmic reticulum to cytosol

up-regulation of protein retrotranslocation from ER

upregulation of retrograde protein transport, endoplasmic reticulum to cytosol

up-regulation of retrograde protein transport, ER to cytosol

up regulation of retrograde protein transport, endoplasmic reticulum to cytosol

up regulation of retrograde protein transport, ER to cytosol

positive regulation of retrograde protein transport, ER to cytosol

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of retrograde protein transport, ER to cytosol. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:18555783]


regulation of protein retrotranslocation from ER

regulation of retrograde protein transport, endoplasmic reticulum to cytosol

regulation of protein dislocation from ER

regulation of retrograde protein transport, ER to cytosol

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of retrograde protein transport, ER to cytosol. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:18555783]


upregulation of microglial cell mediated cytotoxicity

up regulation of microglial cell mediated cytotoxicity

up-regulation of microglial cell mediated cytotoxicity

positive regulation of microglial cell mediated cytotoxicity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of microglial cell mediated cytotoxicity. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:BHF, GOC:nc, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:19100238]


downregulation of microglial cell mediated cytotoxicity

down regulation of microglial cell mediated cytotoxicity

down-regulation of microglial cell mediated cytotoxicity

negative regulation of microglial cell mediated cytotoxicity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of microglial cell mediated cytotoxicity. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:BHF, GOC:nc, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:19100238]


regulation of microglial cell mediated cytotoxicity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of microglial cell mediated cytotoxicity. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:BHF, GOC:nc, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:19100238]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nonylphenol stimulus. [GO_REF:0000071, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:19260726]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nonylphenol stimulus. [GO_REF:0000071, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:19260726]


up regulation of meiotic cell cycle process involved in oocyte maturation

upregulation of meiotic cell cycle process involved in oocyte maturation

up-regulation of meiotic cell cycle process involved in oocyte maturation

positive regulation of meiotic cell cycle process involved in oocyte maturation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of meiotic cell cycle process involved in oocyte maturation. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22674394]


downregulation of meiotic cell cycle process involved in oocyte maturation

down-regulation of meiotic cell cycle process involved in oocyte maturation

down regulation of meiotic cell cycle process involved in oocyte maturation

negative regulation of meiotic cell cycle process involved in oocyte maturation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of meiotic cell cycle process involved in oocyte maturation. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22674394]


down-regulation of carotenoid biosynthetic process

down regulation of carotenoid biosynthesis

negative regulation of carotenoid anabolism

downregulation of carotenoid biosynthesis

down regulation of carotenoid biosynthetic process

negative regulation of carotenoid formation

negative regulation of carotenoid synthesis

downregulation of carotenoid biosynthetic process

negative regulation of carotenoid biosynthesis

down-regulation of carotenoid biosynthesis

negative regulation of carotenoid biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of carotenoid biosynthetic process. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:25675505]


up regulation of microglial cell migration

upregulation of microglial cell migration

up-regulation of microglial cell migration

positive regulation of microglial cell migration

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of microglial cell migration. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:BHF, GOC:nc, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:19100238]


down-regulation of microglial cell migration

down regulation of microglial cell migration

downregulation of microglial cell migration

negative regulation of microglial cell migration

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of microglial cell migration. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:BHF, GOC:nc, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:19100238]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of microglial cell migration. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:BHF, GOC:nc, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:19100238]


up regulation of convergent extension involved in notochord morphogenesis

up-regulation of convergent extension involved in notochord morphogenesis

upregulation of convergent extension involved in notochord morphogenesis

positive regulation of convergent extension involved in notochord morphogenesis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of convergent extension involved in notochord morphogenesis. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:dph, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:24892953]


downregulation of convergent extension involved in notochord morphogenesis

down-regulation of convergent extension involved in notochord morphogenesis

down regulation of convergent extension involved in notochord morphogenesis

negative regulation of convergent extension involved in notochord morphogenesis

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of convergent extension involved in notochord morphogenesis. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:dph, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:24892953]


regulation of convergent extension involved in notochord morphogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of convergent extension involved in notochord morphogenesis. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:dph, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:24892953]


positive regulation of convergent extension involved in rhombomere morphogenesis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of convergent extension involved in rhombomere morphogenesis. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:dph, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:24892953]


down regulation of convergent extension involved in rhombomere morphogenesis

downregulation of convergent extension involved in rhombomere morphogenesis

down-regulation of convergent extension involved in rhombomere morphogenesis

negative regulation of convergent extension involved in rhombomere morphogenesis

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of convergent extension involved in rhombomere morphogenesis. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:dph, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:24892953]


regulation of convergent extension involved in rhombomere morphogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of convergent extension involved in rhombomere morphogenesis. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:dph, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:24892953]


up regulation of convergent extension involved in neural plate elongation

upregulation of convergent extension involved in neural plate elongation

up-regulation of convergent extension involved in neural plate elongation

positive regulation of convergent extension involved in neural plate elongation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of convergent extension involved in neural plate elongation. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:dph, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:24892953]


down regulation of convergent extension involved in neural plate elongation

downregulation of convergent extension involved in neural plate elongation

down-regulation of convergent extension involved in neural plate elongation

negative regulation of convergent extension involved in neural plate elongation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of convergent extension involved in neural plate elongation. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:dph, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:24892953]


regulation of convergent extension involved in neural plate elongation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of convergent extension involved in neural plate elongation. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:dph, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:24892953]


up regulation of convergent extension involved in somitogenesis

upregulation of convergent extension involved in somitogenesis

up-regulation of convergent extension involved in somitogenesis

positive regulation of convergent extension involved in somitogenesis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of convergent extension involved in somitogenesis. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:dph, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:24892953]


negative regulation of convergent extension involved in somitogenesis

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of convergent extension involved in somitogenesis. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:dph, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:24892953]


regulation of convergent extension involved in somitogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of convergent extension involved in somitogenesis. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:dph, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:24892953]


convergent extension involved in notochord morphogenesis

Any convergent extension that is involved in notochord morphogenesis. [GO_REF:0000060, GOC:dph, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:24892953]


convergent extension involved in rhombomere morphogenesis

Any convergent extension that is involved in rhombomere morphogenesis. [GO_REF:0000060, GOC:dph, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:24892953]


The orderly movement of a microglial cell from one site to another. [GO_REF:0000091, GOC:BHF, GOC:nc, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:19100238]


up regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation by serotonin receptor signaling pathway

upregulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation by serotonin receptor signaling pathway

up-regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation by serotonin receptor signaling pathway

positive regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation by serotonin receptor signaling pathway

A serotonin receptor signaling pathway that results in positive regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation. [GO_REF:0000063, GOC:dph, GOC:kmv, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:24120942]


positive regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation by octopamine signaling pathway

An octopamine signaling pathway that results in positive regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation. [GO_REF:0000063, GOC:dph, GOC:kmv, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:24120942]


up regulation of otic vesicle morphogenesis

upregulation of otic vesicle morphogenesis

up-regulation of otic vesicle morphogenesis

positive regulation of otic vesicle morphogenesis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of otic vesicle morphogenesis. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:25677106]


down-regulation of otic vesicle morphogenesis

downregulation of otic vesicle morphogenesis

down regulation of otic vesicle morphogenesis

negative regulation of otic vesicle morphogenesis

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of otic vesicle morphogenesis. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:25677106]


regulation of otic vesicle morphogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of otic vesicle morphogenesis. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:25677106]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vasopressin stimulus. [GO_REF:0000071, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22811487]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vasopressin stimulus. [GO_REF:0000071, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22811487]


up regulation of muscle filament sliding

up-regulation of muscle filament sliding

positive regulation of muscle filament sliding

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of muscle filament sliding. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:kmv, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:25717181]


down-regulation of muscle filament sliding

downregulation of muscle filament sliding

down regulation of muscle filament sliding

negative regulation of muscle filament sliding

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of muscle filament sliding. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:kmv, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:25717181]


regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transport via high voltage-gated calcium channel

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of generation of calcium ion transmembrane transport via high voltage-gated calcium channel. [GOC:dph, GOC:pg, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:1611048]


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-alpha-D-glucosamine(1-) + an (3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl-[acp] <=> UDP-2,3-bis[O-(3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl]-alpha-D-glucosamine + H+ + a holo-[acyl-carrier protein]. [EC:2.3.1.191, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-N-acetylglucosamine(2-) + H2O <=> UDP-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-alpha-D-glucosamine(1-) + acetate. [EC:3.5.1.108, GOC:pz]


ATPase-coupled alpha-D-galactofuranose transporter activity

ATP-dependent alpha-D-galactofuranose transporter activity

Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-galactofuranose + ATP + H2O <=> alpha-D-galactofuranose + hydrogenphosphate + ADP + H+. [GOC:pz, PMID:19744923, RHEA:61716]


Catalysis of the reaction: a [PTS enzyme I]-Npi-phospho-L-histidine + D-glucosamine <=> D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + a [PTS enzyme I]-L-histidine. [EC:2.7.1.69, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: castasterone + UDP-alpha-D-glucose <=> castasterone-23-O-glucoside + UDP + H+. [EC:2.4.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: brassinolide + UDP-alpha-D-glucose <=> brassinolide-23-O-glucoside + UDP + H+. [EC:2.4.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxo-6-methylthiohexanoate + a standard alpha amino acid <=> dihomomethionine + a 2-oxo carboxylate. [EC:2.6.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 6-methylthiohexyldesulfoglucosinolate + 3'-phosphonato-5'-adenylyl sulfate <=> adenosine 3',5'-bismonophosphate + H+ + 6-methylthiohexylglucosinolate. [EC:2.8.2.-, GOC:pz]


UDP-glucose: 9-methylthiononylhydroximate S-glucosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + 9-methylthiononylhydroximate <=> 8-methylthiooctyldesulfoglucosinolate + UDP + H+. [EC:2.4.1.195, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + 8-methylthiooctylhydroximate <=> H+ + 7-methylthioheptyldesulfoglucosinolate + UDP. [EC:2.4.1.195, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + 7-methylthioheptylhydroximate <=> H+ + 6-methylthiohexyldesulfoglucosinolate + UDP. [EC:2.4.1.195, GOC:pz]


UDP-glucose: 6-methylthiohexylhydroximate S-glucosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + 6-methylthiohexylhydroximate <=> H+ + 5-methylthiopentyldesulfoglucosinolate + UDP(3-). [EC:2.4.1.195, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + 5-methylthiopentylhydroximate <=> H+ + 4-methylthiobutyldesulfoglucosinolate + UDP. [EC:2.4.1.195, GOC:pz]


CYP79F1 tetrahomomethionine monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 H+ + tetrahomomethionine + 2 O2 + 2 NADPH <=> 3 H2O + carbon dioxide + 2 NADP + 7-methylthioheptanaldoxime. [EC:1.14.13.-, GOC:pz]


CYP79F1 trihomomethionine monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: trihomomethionine + 2 O2 + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ <=> 3 H2O + carbon dioxide + 2 NADP + 6-methylthiohexanaldoxime. [EC:1.14.13.-, GOC:pz]


CYP79F1 dihomomethionine monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: dihomomethionine + 2 O2 + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ <=> 5-methylthiopentanaldoxime + 3 H2O + carbon dioxide + 2 NADP. [EC:1.14.13.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-(7'-methylthio)heptylmalate <=> H+ + 2-oxo-10-methylthiodecanoate + carbon dioxide. [EC:1.1.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-(7'-methylthio)heptylmalate <=> 3-(7'-methylthio)heptylmalate. [EC:5.4.4.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxo-9-methylthiononanoate + acetyl-CoA + H2O <=> H+ + 2-(7'-methylthio)heptylmalate + coenzyme A. [EC:2.3.3.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxo-8-methylthiooctanoate + acetyl-CoA + H2O <=> H+ + 2-(6'-methylthio)hexylmalate + coenzyme A. [EC:2.3.3.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxo-7-methylthioheptanoate + acetyl-CoA + H2O <=> H+ + 2-(5'-methylthio)pentylmalate + coenzyme A. [EC:2.3.3.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxo-6-methylthiohexanoate + acetyl-CoA + H2O <=> H+ + 2-(4'-methylthio)butylmalate + coenzyme A. [EC:2.3.3.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 5-methylthio-2-oxopentanoate + acetyl-CoA + H2O <=> H+ + 2-(3-methylthiopropyl)malate + coenzyme A. [EC:2.3.3.-, GOC:pz]


quercetin 3-rhamnoside 7-O-rhamnosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + quercetin 3-O-rhamnoside + UDP-L-rhamnose <=> quercetin-3-rhamnoside-7-rhamnoside + UDP. [EC:2.4.1.-, GOC:pz]


quercetin 3-glucoside 7-O-rhamnosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: quercetin-3-glucoside + UDP-L-rhamnose <=> quercetin-3-O-glucoside-7-O-rhamnoside + UDP. [EC:2.4.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-(indol-3-yl)pyruvate + NADPH + O2 + H+ <=> indole-3-acetate + carbon dioxide + NADP + H2O. [EC:1.14.13.168, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: anandamide + H2O <=> arachidonate + ethanolaminium(1+). [EC:3.5.1.99, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone + O2 + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] = 11-deoxycortisol + H(+) + H2O + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]. [GOC:pz, RHEA:50308]


Catalysis of the reaction: ATP(4-) + H2O + a trans-keto-C61-meroacyl-[acp] <=> diphosphoric acid + a trans-keto-meroacyl-adenylate + a holo-[acyl-carrier protein]. [EC:6.2.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: ATP(4-) + H2O + a cis-keto-C60-meroacyl-[acp] <=> diphosphoric acid + a cis-keto-meroacyl-adenylate + a holo-[acyl-carrier protein]. [EC:6.2.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: ATP(4-) + H2O + a trans-methoxy-C60-meroacyl-[acp] <=> diphosphoric acid + a trans-methoxy-meroacyl-adenylate + a holo-[acyl-carrier protein]. [GOC:pz, PMID:15042094]


kaempferol 3-rhamnoside 7-O-rhamnosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: kaempferol-3-rhamnoside + UDP-L-rhamnose <=> kaempferol-3-rhamnoside-7-rhamnoside + UDP. [EC:2.4.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: kaempferol oxoanion + UDP-L-rhamnose <=> H+ + kaempferol-3-rhamnoside + UDP(3-). [EC:2.4.1.-, GOC:pz]


kaempferol 3-glucoside 7-O-rhamnosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: kaempferol 3-O-glucoside + UDP-L-rhamnose <=> kaempferol-3-glucoside-7-rhamnoside + UDP. [EC:2.4.1.-, GOC:pz]


gibberellin A19, 2-oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: gibberellin A19 + O2 + 2-oxoglutarate <=> H+ + gibberellin A20 + 2 carbon dioxide + succinate. [EC:1.14.11.-, GOC:pz]


gibberellin A53, 2-oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: gibberellin A53 + O2 + 2-oxoglutarate <=> gibberellin A44 diacid + carbon dioxide + succinate. [EC:1.14.11.-, GOC:pz]


gibberelli A15, 2-oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: gibberellin A15 + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 <=> gibberellin A24 + succinate + carbon dioxide + H2O. [EC:1.14.11.-, GOC:pz]


gibberellin A12, 2-oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase activity (gibberellin A15-forming)

Catalysis of the reaction: gibberellin A12 + O2 + 2-oxoglutarate <=> gibberellin A15 + carbon dioxide + succinate. [EC:1.14.11.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxy-L-threonine <=> glycolaldehyde + glycine. [GOC:pz, RHEA:28779]


Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-alpha-D-mannose + beta-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate <=> mannosylfructose-phosphate + GDP. [EC:2.4.1.246, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 9,10-epoxystearate + H2O <=> (9R,10S)-dihydroxystearate. [EC:3.3.2.-, GOC:pz]


(gibberellin-36), 2-oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: gibberellin A36 + O2 + 2-oxoglutarate <=> H+ + gibberellin A4 + succinate + 2 carbon dioxide. [GOC:pz]


(gibberellin-14), 2-oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: gibberellin A14 + O2 + 2-oxoglutarate <=> gibberellin A37 + carbon dioxide + succinate. [GOC:pz]


p-coumaroyltriacetic acid synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 H+ + 4-coumaryl-CoA + H2O + 3 malonyl-CoA <=> 4 coenzyme A + 3 carbon dioxide + p-coumaroyltriacetate. [EC:2.3.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: cirsimaritin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> salvigenin + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+. [EC:2.1.1.-, GOC:pz]


scutellarein 7-methyl ether 4'-O-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: scutellarein 7-methyl ether + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> ladanein + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+. [EC:2.1.1.-, GOC:pz]


scutellarein 7-methyl ether 6-O-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: scutellarein 7-methyl ether + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> cirsimaritin + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+. [EC:2.1.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: linuron + H2O <=> N,O-dimethylhydroxylamine + carbon dioxide + 3,4-dichloroaniline. [EC:3.5.1.-, GOC:pz]


germacrene A acid 8beta-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: germacra-1(10),4,11(13)-trien-12-oate + NADPH + O2 + H+ <=> 8beta-hydroxy-germacra-1(10),4,11(13)-trien-12-oate + NADP + H2O. [EC:1.14.13.-, GOC:pz]


trimethyluric acid monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 1,3,7-trimethyluric acid + O2 + NADH + 3 H+ <=> 1,3,7-trimethyl-5-hydroxyisourate + NAD + H2O. [GOC:pz, RHEA:48992]


cyanidin 3-O-glucoside 3'',6''-O-dimalonyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cyanidin 3-O-(6-O-malonyl-beta-D-glucoside) + malonyl-CoA(5-) <=> cyanidin 3-O-(3''', 6''-O-dimalonyl-beta-glucopyranoside) + coenzyme A. [EC:2.3.1.-, GOC:pz]


cyanidin 3-O-glucoside 6''-O-malonyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside betaine + malonyl-CoA <=> cyanidin 3-O-(6-O-malonyl-beta-D-glucoside) + coenzyme A. [EC:2.3.1.171, GOC:pz]


cyanidin 3-O-[2''-O-(2''-O-(sinapoyl) xylosyl) 6''-O-(p-O-(glucosyl)-p-coumaroyl) glucoside] 5-O-[6''-O-(malonyl) glucoside] sinapoylglucose glucosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cyanidin 3-O-[2''-O-(2'''-O-(sinapoyl) xylosyl) 6''-O-(p-coumaroyl) glucoside] 5-O-[6''-O-(malonyl) glucoside + 1-O-sinapoyl-beta-D-glucose <=> cyanidin 3-O-[6-O-(4-O-beta-D-glucosyl-p-coumaroyl)-2-O-(2-O-sinapoyl-beta-D-xylosyl)-beta-D-glucosyl]-5-O-(6-O-malonyl-beta-D-glucoside) + trans-sinapate + H+. [EC:2.4.1.-, GOC:pz]


cyanidin 3-O-[2''-O-(2''-O-(sinapoyl) xylosyl) 6''-O-(p-coumaroyl) glucoside] 5-O-[6''-O-(malonyl) glucoside] sinapoyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cyanidin 3-O-[2''-O-(xylosyl)-6''-O-(p-coumaroyl) glucoside] 5-O-malonylglucoside + 1-O-sinapoyl-beta-D-glucose <=> cyanidin 3-O-[2''-O-(2''-O-(sinapoyl) xylosyl) 6'-O-(p-coumaroyl) glucoside] 5-O-[6''-O-(malonyl) glucoside + beta-D-glucose. [EC:2.3.1.-, GOC:pz]


cyanidin 3-O-[2''-O-(xylosyl)-6''-O-(p-coumaroyl) glucoside] 5-O-glucoside malonyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cyanidin 3-O-[2''-O-(xylosyl)-6''-O-(p-coumaroyl) glucoside] 5-O-glucoside + malonyl-CoA + H+ <=> cyanidin 3-O-[2''-O-(xylosyl)-6''-O-(p-coumaroyl) glucoside] 5-O-malonylglucoside + coenzyme A. [GOC:pz, PMID:17292360]


cyanidin 3-O-[2''-O-(xylosyl)-6''-O-(p-coumaroyl) glucoside] 5-O-glucosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cyanidin 3-O-[2''-O-xylosyl) 6''-O-(p-coumaroyl) glucoside + UDP-alpha-D-glucose <=> cyanidin 3-O-[2''-O-(xylosyl)-6''-O-(p-coumaroyl) glucoside] 5-O-glucoside + UDP + H+. [GOC:pz, PMID:15807784]


cyanidin 3-O-glucoside-(2''-O-xyloside) 6''-O-acyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-sambubioside + 4-coumaryl-CoA <=> cyanidin 3-O-[2''-O-xylosyl) 6''-O-(p-coumaroyl) glucoside + coenzyme A. [EC:2.3.1.-, GOC:pz]


cyanidin 3-O-p-coumaroylglucoside 2-O''-xylosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cyanidin 3-O-(6-O-(E)-4-coumaroyl-beta-D-glucoside) + UDP-alpha-D-xylose <=> cyanidin 3-O-[2''-O-xylosyl) 6''-O-(p-coumaroyl) glucoside + UDP + H+. [EC:2.4.2.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside betaine + 4-coumaryl-CoA + H+ <=> cyanidin 3-O-(6-O-(E)-4-coumaroyl-beta-D-glucoside) + coenzyme A. [EC:2.3.1.-, GOC:pz]


cyanidin 3-O-glucoside 2-O''-xylosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside betaine + UDP-alpha-D-xylose <=> cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-sambubioside + UDP. [EC:2.4.2.51, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: esculetin + UDP-alpha-D-glucose(2-) <=> esculin + UDP(3-) + H+. [EC:2.4.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + scopolin <=> beta-D-glucose + scopoletin. [EC:3.2.1.21, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate(3-) <=> seychellene + diphosphoric acid. [EC:4.2.3.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 19-O-beta-glucopyranosyl-steviol + UDP-alpha-D-glucose <=> rubusoside + UDP + H+. [EC:2.4.1.-, GOC:pz]


steviol 19-O glucosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: steviol + UDP-alpha-D-glucose <=> 19-O-beta-glucopyranosyl-steviol + UDP + H+. [EC:2.4.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: geranyl diphosphate(3-) + H2O <=> 1,8-cineole + diphosphoric acid. [GOC:pz, RHEA:32543]


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-coumaryl-CoA + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 <=> 2,4-dihydroxycinnamoyl-CoA + succinate + carbon dioxide. [GOC:pz, PMID:22168819, PMID:22169019]


Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-linolenate + O2 <=> (9R,10E,12Z,15Z)-9-hydroperoxyoctadeca-10,12,15-trienoate. [EC:1.13.11.61, GOC:pz]


lecithin:11-cis retinol acyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: an 11-cis retinol-[cellular-retinol-binding-protein] + a phosphatidylcholine <=> a cellular-retinol-binding protein + an 11-cis-retinyl ester + a 1-lysophosphatidylcholine. [EC:2.3.1.135, GOC:pz]


all-trans-beta-apo-10'-carotenal cleavage oxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 10'-apo-beta-carotenal + O2 <=> 13-apo-beta-carotenone + 4-methylocta-2,4,6-trienedial. [EC:1.13.11.70, GOC:pz]


soyasaponin III rhamnosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-L-rhamnose + soyasaponin III <=> H+ + UDP + soyasaponin I. [EC:2.4.1.273, GOC:pz]


soyasapogenol B glucuronide galactosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-D-galactose + soyasapogenol B 3-O-beta-glucuronate <=> H+ + UDP + soyasaponin III. [EC:2.4.1.272, GOC:pz]


unsaturated rhamnogalacturonyl hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-O-(4-deoxy-beta-L-threo-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranose(1-) + H2O <=> (4S,5S)-4,5-dihydroxy-2,6-dioxohexanoate + alpha-L-rhamnopyranose. [EC:3.2.1.172, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + a rhamnogalacturonan type I <=> [rhamnogalacturonan I oligosaccharide]-alpha-L-rhamnose + 4-deoxy-4,5-unsaturated D-galactopyranosyluronate-[rhamnogalacturonan I oligosaccharide]. [EC:4.2.2.23, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: (-)-trans-permethrin + H2O <=> H+ + (3-phenoxyphenyl)methanol + (1S,3R)-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate. [EC:3.1.1.88, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: cycloeucalenone + NADPH + H+ <=> cycloeucalenol + NADP. [GOC:pz, PMID:4387005]


Catalysis of the reaction: 5-methylphenazine-1-carboxylate + NADH + O2 + 2 H+ = pyocyanin + NAD + carbon dioxide + H2O. [GOC:pz, PMID:11591691]


copal-8-ol diphosphate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: copal-8-ol diphosphate <=> 2-trans,6-trans,10-trans-geranylgeranyl diphosphate + H2O. [EC:4.2.1.133, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside betaine + UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate <=> H+ + cyanidin 3-O-beta-(2-O-beta-D-glucuronosyl)-beta-D-glucoside + UDP. [EC:2.4.1.254, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate + baicalein <=> H+ + UDP + baicalin. [EC:2.4.1.253, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + typhasterol + NADPH + O2 <=> 7-oxatyphasterol + NADP + H2O. [EC:1.14.13.-, GOC:pz]


gibberellin A20 carboxyl methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: gibberellin A20 + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> gibberellin A20 methyl ester + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine. [EC:2.1.1.-, GOC:pz]


gibberellin A4 carboxyl methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: gibberellin A4 + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> gibberellin A4 methyl ester + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine. [EC:2.1.1.276, GOC:pz]


gibberellin A9 carboxyl methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: gibberellin A9 + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> gibberellin A9 methyl ester + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine. [EC:2.1.1.275, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 3,4-dichlorobenzoate + O2 + a reduced electron acceptor <=> 3,4-dichlorobenzoate-cis-4,5-diol + an oxidized electron acceptor. [GOC:pz, PMID:9322760]


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-chlorobenzoate + O2 + a reduced electron acceptor <=> 3-chlorobenzoate-cis-3,4-diol + an oxidized electron acceptor. [GOC:pz, PMID:8285670]


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-chlorobenzoate + O2 + a reduced electron acceptor <=> 3-chlorobenzoate-cis-4,5-diol + an oxidized electron acceptor. [GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + 4-nitrotoluene + NADH + O2 <=> 4-nitrobenzyl alcohol + NAD+ + H2O. [GOC:pz]


methyltetrahydrofolate:corrinoid/iron-sulfur protein methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a tetrahydrofolate + a [methyl-Co(III) corrinoid Fe-S protein] <=> an N5-methyl-tetrahydrofolate + a [Co(I) corrinoid Fe-S protein]. [EC:2.1.1.258, GOC:pz, PMID:7928975]


Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + isobutyryl-CoA + FAD <=> methacrylyl-CoA + FADH2. [GOC:pz, PMID:3988734]


cytochrome P450 fatty acid omega-hydroxylase activity


Catalysis of the reaction: dTDP-4-acetamido-4,6-dideoxy-alpha-D-galactose + beta-D-ManNAcA-(1->4)-alpha-D-GlcNAc-1-diphospho-ditrans,polycis-undecaprenol <=> H+ + alpha-D-FucNAc4-(1->4)-beta-D-ManNAcA-(1->4)-D-GlcNAc-undecaprenyl diphosphate + dTDP. [EC:2.4.1.325, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-demethylmenaquinol-8 + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> menaquinol-8 + H+ + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine. [GOC:pz, RHEA:30063]


alkylphosphonate transmembrane-transporting ATPase activity

ATPase-coupled alkylphosphonate transmembrane transporter activity

alkylphosphonate ABC transporter activity


Catalysis of the reaction: ATP(4-) + beta-D-galactoside + H2O <=> ADP(3-) + hydrogenphosphate + beta-D-galactoside + H+. [EC:3.6.3.17]


Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + an N-acyl-L-homoserine lactone <=> H+ + an N-acyl-L-homoserine. [EC:3.1.1.81]


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate + coenzyme A(4-) + NAD(1-) <=> isovaleryl-CoA(4-) + carbon dioxide + NADH(2-). [EC:1.2.1.-]


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-(all-trans-octaprenyl)benzene-1,2-diol + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> H+ + 2-methoxy-6-(all-trans-octaprenyl)phenol + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine. [EC:2.1.1.222]


Catalysis of the reaction: phytosphingosine(1+) + O2 + a reduced electron acceptor <=> 4-hydroxy-trans-8-sphingenine + 2 H2O + an oxidized electron acceptor. [EC:1.14.19.4]


valine N-monooxygenase (oxime forming) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-valine + 2 O2 + 2 NADPH(4-) + 2 H+ <=> (E)-2-methylpropanal oxime + 2 NADP(3-) + carbon dioxide + 3 H2O. [EC:1.14.14.38]


isoleucine N-monooxygenase (oxime forming) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-isoleucine + 2 O2 + 2 NADPH(4-) + 2 H+ <=> (E)-2-methylbutanal oxime + 2 NADP(3-) + carbon dioxide + 3 H2O. [EC:1.14.14.39]


Binding to the FMN-binding domain of a protein. [PMID:15752726]


mechanically-modulated voltage-gated sodium channel activity

mechanosensitive voltage-gated sodium channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a sodium ion by a voltage-gated channel whose activity is modulated in response to mechanical stress. Response to mechanical stress and voltage gating together is different than the sum of individual responses. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded. [PMID:21041530, PMID:26838316]


inositol 1-pyrophosphate 2,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate 1-pyrophosphatase activity

inositol 1-diphosphate 2,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate 1-diphosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: myo-inositol 1-diphosphate 2,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate + H2O = myo-inositol hexakisphosphate + phosphate. [GOC:mah, PMID:26422458]


The reorganization or renovation of existing pulmonary blood vessels. [GOC:mec]


Catalysis of the reaction: protein histidine phosphate + H2O = protein histidine + phosphate. [GOC:mec, RHEA:47964]


The lipid bilayer surrounding the cytolytic granule. [PMID:17272266, PMID:21247065]


The lipid bilayer surrounding a ficolin-1-rich granule. [GOC:mec, PMID:23650620]


Highly exocytosable gelatinase-poor granules found in neutrophils and rich in ficolin-1. Ficolin-1 is released from neutrophil granules by stimulation with fMLP or PMA, and the majority becomes associated with the surface membrane of the cells and can be detected by flow cytometry. [GOC:mec, PMID:19741154]


The complete extent of cell cortex that underlies some some region of the plasma membrane. [GOC:dos]


induction of synaptic vesicle exocytosis by positive regulation of presynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration

The induction of synaptic vesicle release by any process that leads to a rise in intracellular calcium ion concentration at the presynapse. This is the first step in synaptic transmission. [GOC:dos, ISBN:9780071120005]


neurotransmitter receptor transport, plasma membrane to endosome

Vesicle-mediated transport of a neurotransmitter receptor vesicle from the plasma membrane to the endosome. [GOC:dos]


neurotransmitter receptor localisation in postsynaptic specialization membrane

neurotransmitter receptor localization to postsynaptic specialization membrane

A process in which a neurotransmitter is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the membrane adjacent to a postsynaptic specialization (e.g. postsynaptic density). [GOC:dos]


protein localisation to presynaptic membrane

protein localisation in presynaptic membrane

protein localization in presynaptic membrane

protein localization to presynaptic membrane

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a presynaptic membrane. [GOC:dos]


Any signal release from a synapse. [GOC:dos]


The directed movement of proteins along microtubules in neuron projections. [ISBN:0815316194]


neurotransmitter receptor transport, endosome to plasma membrane

The directed movement of neurotransmitter receptor from the endosome to the plasma membrane in transport vesicles. [GOC:dos]


endosome to plasma membrane protein transport

The directed movement of proteins from the endosome to the plasma membrane in transport vesicles. [GOC:dos]


The directed movement of neurotransmitter receptors. [GOC:dos]


voltage-gated calcium channel activity involved in positive regulation of presynaptic cytosolic calcium levels

Positive regulation of presynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentrations via the directed movement of calcium ions across the plasma-membrane into the cytosol via the action of voltage-gated calcium ion channels. This is the first step in synaptic transmission. [GOC:dos]


The membrane component of the postsynaptic specialization. This is the region of the postsynaptic membrane in which the population of neurotransmitter receptors involved in synaptic transmission are concentrated. [GOC:dos]


protein localisation in postsynaptic specialization membrane

protein localization to postsynaptic specialization membrane

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the membrane adjacent to a postsynaptic specialization (e.g. post synaptic density). [GOC:dos]


protein transport within plasma membrane

A process in which protein is transported from one region of the plasma membrane to another. [GOC:dos]


postsynaptic endocytic zone cytoplasmic component

The cytoplasmic component of the postsynaptic endocytic zone. [GOC:dos]


postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor cycle

The process during which neurotransmitter receptors in the postsynaptic specialization membrane are recycled via the endosome. This cycle includes release from anchoring (trapping), diffusion in the synaptic membrane to the postsynaptic endocytic region, endocytosis, transport to the endosome, recycling in the endosome, transport back the synaptic membrane and subsequent trapping in the postsynaptic specialization membrane. [PMID:18832033]


postsynaptic density of inhibitory synapse

postsynaptic specialization of symmetric synapse

A network of proteins within and adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane of a symmetric synapse, consisting of anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components that spatially and functionally organize the neurotransmitter receptors at the synapse. This structure is not as thick or electron dense as the postsynaptic densities found in asymmetric synapses. [PMID:18832033]


neurotransmitter receptor diffusion trapping

The process by which diffusing neurotransmitter receptor becomes trapped in region of the plasma membrane. [PMID:18832033]


The process during which neurotransmitter receptors, anchored in some region of the synaptic membrane, are recycled via the endosome. This cycle includes release from anchoring, diffusion in the synaptic membrane to an endocytic region, endocytosis, transport to the endosome, recycling in the endosome, transport back the synaptic membrane and subsequent anchoring (trapping). [GOC:dos]


voltage-gated calcium channel activity involved in regulation of presynaptic cytosolic calcium levels

Regulation of presynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentrations via the action of voltage-gated calcium ion channels. [GOC:dos, PMID:15548655]


ventricular cardiac muscle cell membrane repolarization

The process in which ions are transported across the plasma membrane of a ventricular cardiac muscle cell such that the membrane potential changes in the repolarizing direction, toward the steady state potential. For example, the repolarization during an action potential is from a positive membrane potential towards a negative resting potential. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11]


atrial cardiac muscle cell membrane repolarization

The process in which ions are transported across the plasma membrane of an atrial cardiac muscle cell such that the membrane potential changes in the repolarizing direction, toward the steady state potential. For example, the repolarization during an action potential is from a positive membrane potential towards a negative resting potential. [GOC:BHF]


regulation of cardiomyocyte membrane repolarization

regulation of cardiac muscle cell repolarization

regulation of cardiac muscle cell membrane repolarization

Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of a change in membrane potential in the polarizing direction towards the resting potential in a cardiomyocyte. [GOC:BHF, GOC:dos, GOC:rl]


cardiac muscle cell membrane repolarization

The process in which ions are transported across the plasma membrane of a cardiac muscle cell such that the membrane potential changes in the repolarizing direction, toward the steady state potential. For example, the repolarization during an action potential is from a positive membrane potential towards a negative resting potential. [GOC:BHF]


undecaprenyl phosphate-L-Ara4FN transferase activity

undecaprenyl-phosphate Ara4FN transferase activity

undecaprenyl-phosphate 4-deoxy-4-formamido-L-arabinose transferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-4-deoxy-4-formamido-beta-L-arabinopyranose + ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyl phosphate = UDP + 4-deoxy-4-formamido-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyl phosphate. [GOC:al, GOC:dos, PMID:11706007, PMID:15695810]


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-4-amino-4-deoxy-beta-L-arabinopyranose + 2-oxoglutarate = UDP-beta-L-threo-pentapyranos-4-ulose + L-glutamate. [GOC:al, GOC:dos, PMID:12429098, PMID:12704196]


Catalysis of the reaction: 10-formyltetrahydrofolate + UDP-4-amino-4-deoxy-beta-L-arabinopyranose = 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + UDP-4-deoxy-4-formamido-beta-L-arabinopyranose. [PMID:15695810, PMID:15807526, PMID:15809294, PMID:15939024, PMID:17928292]


UDP-glucuronic acid dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucuronate + NAD+ = UDP-beta-L-threo-pentapyranos-4-ulose + CO2 + NADH + H+. [GOC:al, GOC:dos]


matrix side of mitochondrial inner membrane

The side (leaflet) of the mitochondrial inner membrane that faces the matrix. [GOC:dos]


extrinsic component of matrix side of mitochondrial inner membrane

The component of the matrix side of the mitochondrial inner membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region. [GOC:dos]


R-2-hydroxyglutarate alpha-pyruvate transhydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate + pyruvate = alpha-ketoglutarate + D-lactate, with FAD functioning as an intermediate hydrogen acceptor. [PMID:26774271]


The process of directing proteins towards the cell-wall. [ISBN:0716731363]


A process in which a protein is transported to or maintained in a location within an axon. [GOC:dos, PMID:26157139]


regulation of action potential firing threshold

Any process that regulates the potential at which an axon potential is triggered. [ISBN:978-0071390118]


action potential firing
action potential triggering

The initiating cycle of an action potential. In vertebrate neurons this typically occurs at an axon hillock. Not all initiated axon potentials propagate. [ISBN:978-0071390118, PMID:19439602]


Binding to the side of a microtubule. [GOC:dos]


regulation of action potential firing pattern

Any process that regulates the temporal pattern of a sequence of action potentials in a neuron. [ISBN:978-0071390118]


lateral attachment of mitotic spindle microtubules to kinetochore

The cell cycle process in which sister chromatids become laterally attached to spindle microtubules as part of mitotic metaphase plate congression. Attachment precedes migration along microtubules towards the spindle equator (metaphase plate). [PMID:26258632, PMID:26705896]


microtubule plus-end directed mitotic chromosome migration

The cell cycle process in which chromosomes that are laterally attached to one or more mitotic spindle microtubules migrate towards the spindle equator via plus-end-directed movement along the microtubules. This process is part of mitotic metaphase plate congression. [GOC:dos, PMID:26258632, PMID:26705896]


regulation of action potential firing rate

Any process that regulates the frequency of action potentials in a spike train. [ISBN:978-0071390118]


Enables the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ions by a channel that opens when a specific ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts. [GOC:dos]


neurotransmitter receptor regulator activity

A molecular function that directly (via physical interaction or direct modification) activates, inhibits or otherwise modulates the activity of a neurotransmitter receptor. Modulation of activity includes changes in desensitization rate, ligand affinity, ion selectivity and pore-opening/closing. [GOC:dos, PMID:12740117, PMID:18387948]


regulation of neurotransmitter receptor activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neurotransmitter receptor activity. Modulation may be via an effect on ligand affinity, or effector funtion such as ion selectivity or pore opening/closing in ionotropic receptors. [GOC:dos]


endocytosed synaptic vesicle to endosome fusion

Fusion of an endocytosed synaptic vesicle with an endosome. [GOC:dos]


synaptic vesicle processing via endosome involved in synaptic vesicle recycling

endocytosed synaptic vesicle processing via endosome

The process in which endocytosed synaptic vesicles fuse to the presynaptic endosome followed by sorting of synaptic vesicle components and budding of new synaptic vesicles. [GOC:dos]


postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor endocytosis

postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor internalization

A receptor-mediated endocytosis process that results in the internalization of a neurotransmitter receptor. [GOC:dos]


Combining with the biogenic amine serotonin and transmitting a signal across a membrane by activating some effector activity. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) is a neurotransmitter and hormone found in vertebrates and invertebrates. [GOC:dos]


positive regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium concentration

Any process that increases the concentration of calcium ions in the postsynaptic cytosol. [GOC:dos]


release of sequestered calcium ion into postsynaptic cytosol

The process in which calcium ions sequestered in the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus or mitochondria are released into the postsynaptic cytosol. [GOC:dos]


release of sequestered calcium ion into presynaptic cytosol

The process in which calcium ions sequestered in the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus or mitochondria are released into the presynaptic cytosol. [GOC:dos]


neurotransmitter receptor activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium levels

neurotransmitter receptor activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration

Any neurotransmitter receptor activity that is involved in regulating the concentration of calcium in the postsynaptic cytosol. [GOC:dos]


neurotransmitter receptor activity involved in regulation of presynaptic cytosolic calcium levels

neurotransmitter receptor activity involved in regulation of presynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration

Any neurotransmitter receptor activity that is involved in regulating the concentration of calcium in the presynaptic cytosol. [GOC:dos]


ATPase coupled ion transmembrane transporter activity involved in regulation of post-synaptic membrane potential

ATPase-coupled ion transmembrane transporter activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential

ATPase coupled ion transmembrane transporter activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential

Any ATPase coupled ion transmembrane transporter activity, occurring in the postsynaptic membrane, that is involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential. [GOC:dos]


ion antiporter activity involved in regulation of post-synaptic membrane potential

ion antiporter activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential

Any ion antiporter activity, occurring in the postsynaptic membrane, that is involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential. [GOC:dos]


G-protein coupled neurotransmitter receptor activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential

G protein-coupled neurotransmitter receptor activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential

A G protein-coupled neurotransmitter receptor activity, occurring in the postsynaptic membrane, involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential. [GOC:dos]


regulation of translation at postsynapse, modulating synaptic transmission

Any process that modulates synaptic transmission by regulating translation occurring at the postsynapse. [GOC:dos]


regulation of translation at presynapse, modulating synaptic transmission

Any process that modulates synaptic transmission by regulating translation occurring at the presynapse. [GOC:dos]


regulation of protein catabolic process at postsynapse, modulating synaptic transmission

Any process that modulates synaptic transmission by regulating a catabolic process occurring at a postsynapse. [GOC:dos]


regulation of protein catabolic process at presynapse, modulating synaptic transmission

Any process that modulates synaptic transmission by regulating a catabolic process occurring at a presynapse. [GOC:dos]


regulation of protein catabolic process at synapse, modulating synaptic transmission

Any process that modulates synaptic transmission by regulating protein degradation at the synapse. [GOC:dos]


postsynaptic specialization, glutamatergic neuron-to-neuron synapse

The post-synaptic specialization of a glutamatergic excitatory synapse. [GOC:dos]


A network of proteins within and adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane. Its major components include neurotransmitter receptors and the proteins that spatially and functionally organize them such as anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components. [PMID:22046028]


The portion of the cytoskeleton contained within the postsynapse. [GOC:dos, PMID:19889835]


The portion of the cytoskeleton contained within the presynapse. [GOC:dos]


calcium ion binding involved in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium levels

calcium ion binding involved in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration

The directed change of free calcium ion concentration in the postsynaptic cytosol via the reversible binding of calcium ions to calcium-binding proteins in the cytosol thereby modulating the spatial and temporal dynamics of changes in postsynaptic cytosolic calcium concentrations. [PMID:24442513, PMID:26190970]


regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium levels

regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration

Any process that regulates the concentration of calcium in the postsynaptic cytosol. [GOC:dos]


chemical synaptic transmission, postsynaptic

The part of synaptic transmission occurring in the post-synapse: a signal transduction pathway consisting of neurotransmitter receptor activation and its effects on postsynaptic membrane potential and the ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. [GOC:dos]


modification of synaptic structure, modulating synaptic transmission

Any process that modulates synaptic transmission via modification of the structure of the synapse. [GOC:dos]


Any process that modifies the structure/morphology of a synapse. [GOC:dos]


maintenance of postsynaptic density structure

A process which maintains the organization and the arrangement of proteins in the presynaptic density. [GOC:dos]


synaptic membrane adhesion to extracellular matrix

The binding of a synaptic membrane to the extracellular matrix via adhesion molecules. [GOC:dos]


synapse adhesion between pre- and post-synapse

The attachment of presynaptic membrane to postsynaptic membrane via adhesion molecules that are at least partially embedded in the plasma membrane. [GOC:dos]


maintenance of alignment of postsynaptic density and presynaptic active zone

The process by which alignment between postsynaptic density and presynaptic active zone is maintained. [GOC:dos]


A process that preserves the structural organistation and orientation of a synaptic cellular component such as the synaptic cytoskeleton and molecular scaffolds. [GOC:dos, PMID:24449494, PMID:25611509]


trans-synaptic signaling by trans-synaptic complex, modulating synaptic transmission

Cell-cell signaling between presynapse and postsynapse, mediated by transynaptic protein complexes, that modulates the synaptic transmission properties of the synapse. [GOC:dos, PMID:19029886]


trans-synaptic signaling by carbon monoxide, modulating synaptic transmission

Cell-cell signaling between presynapse and postsynapse, via the release and reception of carbon monoxide molecules, that modulates the synaptic transmission properties of the synapse. [GOC:dos]


trans-synaptic signaling by nitric oxide, modulating synaptic transmission

Cell-cell signaling between presynapse and postsynapse, via the release and reception of nitric oxide molecules, that modulates the synaptic transmission properties of the synapse. [GOC:dos]


trans-synaptic signaling by soluble gas, modulating synaptic transmission

Cell-cell signaling between presynapse and postsynapse, via the release and reception of gaseous molecules, that modulates the synaptic transmission properties of the synapse. [GOC:dos]


trans-synaptic signaling by endocannabinoid, modulating synaptic transmission

Cell-cell signaling between presynapse and postsynapse, via the release and reception of endocannabinoid ligands, that modulates the synaptic transmission properties of the synapse. [GOC:dos, PMID:21531987]


trans-synaptic signaling by lipid, modulating synaptic transmission

Cell-cell signaling between presynapse and postsynapse, via the release and reception of lipid molecules, that modulates the synaptic transmission properties of the synapse. [GOC:dos, PMID:21531987]


trans-synaptic signaling by neuropeptide, modulating synaptic transmission

Cell-cell signaling between presynapse and postsynapse, via the vesicular release and reception of neuropeptide molecules, that modulates the synaptic transmission properties of the synapse. [GOC:dos]


trans-synaptic signaling, modulating synaptic transmission

Cell-cell signaling between presynapse and postsynapse, across the synaptic cleft, that modulates the synaptic transmission properties of the synapse. [GOC:dos]


trans-synaptic signaling by carbon monoxide

Cell-cell signaling between presynapse and postsynapse mediated by carbon monoxide. [GOC:dos]


trans-synaptic signaling by nitric oxide

Cell-cell signaling between presynapse and postsynapse mediated by nitric oxide. [GOC:dos]


regulation of translation at synapse, modulating synaptic transmission

Any process that modulates synaptic transmission by regulating translation occurring at the synapse. [GOC:dos]


protein catabolic process, modulating synaptic transmission

Any protein degradation process, occurring at a presynapse, that regulates synaptic transmission. [GOC:dos, PMID:23083742]


trans-synaptic signaling by trans-synaptic complex

Cell-cell signaling between presynapse and postsynapse mediated by a trans-synaptic protein complex. [GOC:dos]


The extracellular region immediately adjacent to to a synapse. [GOC:dos]


Cell-cell signaling between presynapse and postsynapse mediated by a soluble gas ligand crossing the synaptic cleft. [GOC:dos]


trans-synaptic signaling by endocannabinoid

Cell-cell signaling in either direction across the synaptic cleft, mediated by an endocannabinoid ligand. [GOC:dos]


Cell-cell signaling from post to pre-synapse, across the synaptic cleft, mediated by a lipid. [GOC:dos]


trans-synaptic signaling by neuropeptide

Cell-cell signaling between presynapse and postsynapse mediated by a peptide ligand crossing the synaptic cleft. [GOC:dos]


neuropeptide secretion from presynapse via dense core granule exocytosis

The secretion of neuropeptides contained within a dense core vesicle by fusion of the granule with the presynaptic membrane, stimulated by a rise in cytosolic calcium ion concentration. [PMID:17553987, PMID:24653208]


Cell-cell signaling to or from a synapse, mediated by a peptide. [GOC:dos]


Cell-cell signaling in either direction across the synaptic cleft. [GOC:dos]


Cell-cell signaling to, from or within a synapse. [GOC:dos]


The extracellular matrix of the perisynaptic space (the extracellular space adjacent to the synapse) and the synaptic cleft. [GOC:dos]


calcium ion binding involved in regulation of presynaptic cytosolic calcium levels

regulation of presynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration by calcium ion buffering

calcium ion binding involved in regulation of presynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration

The directed change of presynaptic cytosolic free calcium ion concentration in the cytosol via the reversible binding of calcium ions to calcium-binding proteins in the cytosol thereby modulating the spatial and temporal dynamics of changes in presynaptic cytosolic calcium concentrations. [PMID:24442513, PMID:26190970]


positive regulation of presynaptic cytosolic calcium concentration

Any process that increases the concentration of calcium ions in the presynaptic cytosol. [GOC:dos]


synaptic vesicle processing via endosome

The process in which synaptic vesicles fuse to the presynaptic endosome followed by sorting of synaptic vesicle components and budding of new synaptic vesicles. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, GOC:dos]


presynaptic process involved in chemical synaptic transmission

The pathway leading to secretion of a neurotransmitter from the presynapse as part of synaptic transmission. [GOC:dos]


G-protein coupled receptor activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential

G protein-coupled receptor activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential

A G protein-coupled receptor activity occurring in the postsynaptic membrane that is part of a GPCR signaling pathway that positively regulates ion channel activity in the postsynaptic membrane. [GOC:dos]


neurotransmitter receptor activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential

Neurotransmitter receptor activity occurring in the postsynaptic membrane that is involved in regulating postsynaptic membrane potential, either directly (ionotropic receptors) or indirectly (e.g. via GPCR activation of an ion channel). [GOC:dos]


G-protein coupled neurotransmitter receptor activity

G protein-coupled neurotransmitter receptor activity

Combining with a neurotransmitter and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex. [GOC:bf, GOC:fj, GOC:mah]


postsynapse to nucleus signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals that conveys information from the postsynapse to the nucleus via cytoskeletal transport of a protein from a postsynapse to the component to the nucleus where it affects biochemical processes that occur in the nucleus (e.g DNA transcription, mRNA splicing, or DNA/histone modifications). [GOC:dos, PMID:24317321, PMID:25652077]


The series of molecular signals that conveys information from the presynapse to the nucleus via cytoskeletal transport of a protein from a presynapse to the component to the nucleus where it affects biochemical processes that occur in the nucleus (e.g DNA transcription, mRNA splicing, or DNA/histone modifications). [GOC:dos, PMID:24317321, PMID:25652077]


presynaptic dense core vesicle exocytosis

The secretion of molecules (e.g. neuropeptides and neuromodulators such as serotonin and dopamine) contained within a membrane-bounced dense in response to increased presynaptic cytosolic calcium levels. [PMID:17553987, PMID:24653208]


The region of the cytosol consisting of all cytosol that is part of the postsynapse. [GOC:dos]


The region of the cytosol consisting of all cytosol that is part of the presynapse. [GOC:dos]


Any (proper) part of the cytosol of a single cell of sufficient size to still be considered cytosol. [GOC:dos]


ATPase-coupled ion transmembrane transporter activity involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential

ATPase coupled ion transmembrane transporter activity involved in regulation of pre-synaptic membrane potential

ATPase coupled ion transmembrane transporter activity involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential

Any ATPase coupled ion transmembrane transporter activity, occurring in the presynaptic membrane, that is involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential. [GOC:dos, PMID:17220883]


ion antiporter activity involved in regulation of pre-synaptic membrane potential

ion antiporter activity involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential

Any ion antiporter activity, occurring in the presynaptic membrane, that is involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential. [GOC:dos]


dense core vesicle cytoskeletal trafficking

dense core granule cytoskeletal transport

The directed movement of dense core granules along cytoskeletal fibers, such as microtubules or actin filaments. [GOC:kmv, PMID:23358451]


cytoskeletal fiber-based vesicle localization

The directed movement of a vesicle along a cytoskeletal fiber such as a microtubule or and actin filament, mediated by motor proteins. [GOC:ecd, GOC:rl]


synaptic vesicle transport along microtubule

The directed movement of synaptic vesicles along microtubules within a cell, powered by molecular motors. [GOC:dos]


The transport of organelles or other particles from one location in the cell to another along actin filaments. [GOC:dos, GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb]


The directed movement of synaptic vesicles along cytoskeletal fibers such as microfilaments or microtubules within a cell, powered by molecular motors. [GOC:dos]


A component of the cytoskeleton consisting of a homo or heteropolymeric fiber constructed from an indeterminate number of protein subunits. [GOC:dos]


A polymer consisting of an indefinite number of protein or protein complex subunits that have polymerised to form a fiber-shaped structure. [GOC:dos]


voltage-gated calcium channel activity involved in regulation of cytosolic calcium levels

Regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentrations via the directed movement of calcium ions across the plasma-membrane into the cytosol via the action of a voltage-gated calcium ion channel. [GOC:dos]


regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration by calcium ion buffering

calcium ion binding involved in regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration

The directed change of cytosolic calcium ion concentration in the cytosol via the reversible binding of calcium ions to calcium-binding proteins in the cytosol thereby modulating the spatial and temporal dynamics of changes in cytosolic calcium concentrations. [PMID:24442513, PMID:26190970]


regulation of presynaptic cytosolic calcium levels

regulation of presynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration

Any process that regulates the concentration of calcium in the presynaptic cytosol. [GOC:dos]


voltage-gated ion channel activity involved in regulation of pre-synaptic membrane potential

voltage-dependent ion channel activity involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential

voltage-dependent ion channel activity involved in regulation of pre-synaptic membrane potential

voltage gated ion channel activity involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential

voltage-gated ion channel activity involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential

Voltage-gated ion channel activity, occurring in the presynaptic membrane, involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential. This is a key step in synaptic transmission, following the arrival of an action potential at the synapse. [GOC:dos]


ligand gated ion channel activity involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential

ligand-dependent ion channel activity involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential

ligand-gated ion channel activity involved in regulation of pre-synaptic membrane potential

ligand-dependent ion channel activity involved in regulation of pre-synaptic membrane potential

ligand-gated ion channel activity involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential

Any ligand-gated ion channel activity, occurring in the presynaptic membrane, that is involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential. [GOC:dos, PMID:15145529, PMID:19558451]


synaptic vesicle transport along actin filament

The directed movement of synaptic vesicles along actin filaments within a cell, powered by molecular motors. [GOC:dos]


regulation of pre-synaptic membrane potential

regulation of presynaptic membrane potential

Any process that modulates the potential difference across a presynaptic membrane. [GOC:dph, GOC:ef]


A biological process in which synaptic vesicles are loaded with neurotransmitters, move to the active zone, exocytose and are then recycled via endocytosis, ultimately leading to reloading with neurotransmitters. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:15217342]


calcium-dependent activation of synaptic vesicle fusion

The regulatory process by which increased cytosolic calcium levels lead to the the fusion of synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic active zone membrane by bringing primed synaptic vesicle membrane into contact with membrane presynaptic active zone membrane. [PMID:23060190]


The lipid bilayer surrounding an exocytic vesicle. [GOC:dos]


Fusion of the membrane of a vesicle with the plasma membrane, thereby releasing its contents into the extracellular space. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, ISBN:0071120009, PMID:18618940]


mitotic sister chromatid cohesion at telomere

sister chromatid cohesion at telomere at mitosis

telomeric mitotic sister chromatin cohesion

mitotic sister chromatid cohesion, telomeric

The cell cycle process in which telomeres of sister chromatids are joined during mitosis. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_telomere, GOC:mah, GOC:rph, PMID:26373281]


maintenance of telomeric mitotic sister chromatin cohesion

maintenance of sister chromatin cohesion at telomere at mitosis

maintenance of mitotic sister chromatin cohesion at telomere

maintenance of mitotic sister chromatid cohesion, telomeric

The process in which the association between sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome along the length of the telomeric region is maintained as chromosomes condense, attach to the spindle in a bipolar orientation, and congress to the metaphase plate during a mitotic cell cycle. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_telomere, GOC:dos, GOC:rph, PMID:26373281]


The region of a caveola that extends into the cytoplasm, excluding the neck (rim). This region is associated with intracellular caveola proteins. [GOC:PARL, GOC:POD, PMID:17227843]


A membrane microdomain that forms a necklace around the bulb (crater) of a caveola. Intramembrane particles are concentrated in this region and cytoskeletal components, including actin, are highly enriched in the area underlying it. [GOC:pad, GOC:PARL, PMID:17227843]


retrograde trans-synaptic signaling by trans-synaptic protein complex

Cell-cell signaling from postsynapse to presynapse, across the synaptic cleft, mediated by trans-synaptic protein complex. [GOC:dos]


anterograde trans-synaptic signaling by trans-synaptic protein complex

Cell-cell signaling from presynapse to postynapse, across the synaptic cleft, mediated by a trans-synaptic protein complex. [GOC:dos]


anterograde trans-synaptic signaling by nitric oxide

Cell-cell signaling from presynapse to postynapse, across the synaptic cleft, mediated by nitric oxide. [GOC:dos]


The actin cytoskeleton that is part of a dendritic spine. [GOC:dos]


degradation of host cell wall peptidoglycan by virus

degradation of host peptidoglycans during virus entry

catabolism of host cell wall peptidoglycan by virus

disassembly by virus of host cell wall peptidoglycan

disruption by virus of host cell wall peptidoglycan during virus entry

A process carried out by a virus that breaks down peptidoglycans in the cell wall of its host during viral entry. [GOC:dos, VZ:3940]


virion attachment to host cell flagellum

The process by which a virion attaches to a the host cell flagellum. Some DNA bacterial viruses use flagella to attach to the host cell. This contact with the flagellum facilitates concentration of phage particles around the entry receptor on the bacterial cell surface. [GOC:dos, VZ:3949]


Signal transduction in which the initial step occurs in a presynapse. [GOC:dos]


vesicle-mediated transport between endosomal compartments

A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles between endosomal compartments, e.g, between early endosome and sorting endosome. [GOC:dos, PMID:10930469]


Signal transduction in which the initial step occurs in a postsynapse. [GOC:dos]


retrograde trans-synaptic signaling by nitric oxide, modulating synaptic transmission

Modulation of synaptic transmission by cell-cell signaling from postsynapse to presynapse, across the synaptic cleft, mediated by nitric oxide. [GOC:dos]


retrograde trans-synaptic signaling by nitric oxide

Cell-cell signaling from postsynapse to presynapse, across the synaptic cleft, mediated by nitric oxide. [GOC:dos]


retrograde trans-synaptic signaling by soluble gas

Cell-cell signaling from postsynapse to presynapse, across the synaptic cleft, mediated by an soluble gas ligand. [GOC:dos]


retrograde trans-synaptic signaling by endocannabinoid

Cell-cell signaling from postsynapse to presynapse, across the synaptic cleft, mediated by an endocannabinoid ligand. [GOC:dos]


retrograde trans-synaptic signaling by lipid

Cell-cell signaling from postsynapse to presynapse, across the synaptic cleft, mediated by a lipid ligand. [GOC:dos]


structural constituent of postsynaptic density

The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a postsynaptic density. [GOC:dos]


The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a synapse. [GOC:dos]


Cell-cell signaling from post to pre-synapse, across the synaptic cleft. [GOC:dos]


Cell-cell signaling from pre to post-synapse, across the synaptic cleft. [GOC:dos]


A microvesicle of the epididymal fluid, from which spermatozoa aquire membrane proteins. [GOC:dos, GOC:mg, PMID:23177142, PMID:26112475]


A series of sequential, propagated action potentials occurring in a single cell. [ISBN:978-0071390118]


neuronal action potential back-propagation

Propagation of an action potential in a neuron, from its site of initiation (typically the axon hillock) towards the soma. [GOC:dos]


G-protein coupled neurotransmitter receptor activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration

G-protein coupled neurotransmitter receptor activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium levels

G protein-coupled neurotransmitter receptor activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration

A G protein-coupled neurotransmitter receptor activity occurring in the postsynaptic membrane, that is involved in regulating the cytosolic concentration of calcium ions in the postsynapse. [GOC:dos]


The actin cytoskeleton that is part of a postsynapse. [GOC:dos]


The propagation of an action potential along the plane of an excitable membrane. Action potentials typically propagate once triggered because the depolarization of adjacent membrane regions due to an action potential crosses the firing threshold. [GOC:dos]


Any process carried out at the cellular level that reduces or removes the toxicity superoxide radicals or hydrogen peroxide. [GOC:dos, GOC:vw]


The increase in size or mass of an intramembranous bone that contributes to the shaping of the bone. [PMID:26399686]


multivesicular body fusion to apical plasma membrane

The fusion of the membrane of a multivesicular body with the apical plasma membrane, resulting in release of exosomes from the cell. [PMID:26459596]


modification by symbiont of host bicellular tight junctions

The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of its host bicellular tight junctions, an occluding cell-cell junction that is composed of a branching network of sealing strands that completely encircles the apical end of each cell in an epithelial sheet. [PMID:24287273]


modification by symbiont of host tight cell-cell junction

The process in which a symbiont organism effects a change in the structure or function of its host tight junction, a cell-cell junction that seals cells together in an epithelium in a way that prevents even small molecules from leaking from one side of the sheet to the other. [PMID:24287273]


nuclear migration by microtubule mediated pushing forces

The directed movement of the nucleus by pushing forces exerted by polymerization of backward-extending microtubules. [GOC:vw, PMID:11309419, PMID:16611238]


A cell part consisting of multiple, closely packed actin-based cell projections. [GOC:dos]


A parallel bundle of actin filaments that is part of filopodium. Filaments are oriented such that the plus (barbed) ends are at the tip of the protrusion, capped by a tip complex. [PMID:12566431]


A bundle of hundreds of cross-linked actin filaments (an actin cable), that is the supporting structure of a stereocilium. Filaments are oriented such that the the plus (barbed) ends are at the tip of the protrusion and are capped by a tip complex which bridges to the plasma membrane. [PMID:15661519]


actin filament bundle of actin-based cell projection

A bundle of cross-linked actin filaments that is part of an actin-based cell protrusion, in which filaments are oriented such that the plus (barbed) ends are at the tip of the protrusion, capped by a tip complex which stabilizes the filaments. [PMID:12566431, PMID:15661519]


A cell projection supported by an assembly of actin filaments, and which lacks microtubules. [PMID:15661519]


Any process in which lipids are taken up from the contents of the intestine. [GOC:dos, GOC:sl, PMID:18768481]


glomerular visceral epithelial cell primary projection

A cell projection originating from a renal glomerular podocyte and extending to the renal glomerular podocyte foot. [PMID:24309184, PMID:25324828]


endoplasmic reticulum-vacuole membrane contact site

A zone of apposition between endoplasmic-reticulum and lytic vacuole membranes, structured by bridging complexes. [GOC:dos, PMID:26283797]


The lipid bilayer surrounding a lytic vacuole and separating its contents from the cytoplasm of the cell. [GOC:dos]


Binding to double-stranded miRNA. double-stranded miRNA is formed by processing of pre-miRNA stem-loop structures. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph, PMID:19966796]


extrinsic component of synaptic vesicle membrane

The component of the synaptic vesicle membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region. [GOC:dos]


Any process that reduces or removes the toxicity of cadmium cations in a cell. These include transport of cadmium cations away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration. [GOC:dos, GOC:vw]


alpha-D-ribose-1-methylphosphonate-5-phosphate C-P-lyase (methane forming)

alpha-D-ribose 1-methylphosphonate 5-phosphate C-P-lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-ribose 1-methylphosphonate 5-phosphate = alpha-D-ribose 1,2-cyclic phosphate 5-phosphate + methane. [EC:4.7.1.1, GOC:dos, GOC:ik]


sequence-specific single stranded DNA binding

Binding to single-stranded DNA of a specific nucleotide composition. [PMID:9531483]


An endosomal compartment that is part of the post-synapse. Only early and recycling endosomes are typically present in the postsynapse. [PMID:20820847]


The region of the postsynaptic membrane that is part of the postsynaptic endocytic zone. This region of membrane is associated with stable clathrin puncta. [PMID:17880892]


A stably positioned site of clathrin adjacent and physically attached to the postsynaptic specialization, which is the site of endocytosis of post-synaptic proteins. [PMID:17880892]


An early endosome of the postsynapse. It acts as the major sorting station on the endocytic pathway, targeting neurotransmitter receptors for degregation or recycling. [PMID:19603039, PMID:20820847, PMID:24727350]


protein localization to cell division site after cytokinesis

A cellular protein localization process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, the site of cell division following cytokinesis. [PMID:25411334]


The directed movement of a protein along a microtubule, mediated by motor proteins. [PMID:25987607]


The membrane component of the postsynaptic density. This is the region of the postsynaptic membrane in which the population of neurotransmitter receptors involved in synaptic transmission are concentrated. [GOC:dos]


A recycling endosome of the postsynapse. In postsynaptic terminals with dendritic spines, it is typically located at the base of a dendritic spine. It is involved in recycling of neurotransmitter receptors to the postsynaptic membrane. In some cases at least, this recycling is activated by postsynaptic signalling and so can play a role in long term potentiation. [PMID:20820847]


The portion of the cytoskeleton that lies within a dendritic spine. The actin component of this cytoskeleton is involved in spine head remodelling in response to postsynaptic signalling. [PMID:24854120]


The region of the presynaptic membrane that is part of the presynaptic endocytic zone - where synaptic vesicles are endocytosed and recycled following release. [GOC:dos]


presynaptic endocytic zone cytoplasmic component

The cytoplasmic component of the presynaptic endocytic zone. [GOC:dos]


A specialized region of the plasma membrane and underlying cytoplasm which surround the the active zone, into which synaptic vesicle membranes are recycled following exocytosis. It is especially enriched in endocytic proteins following intense activity. [PMID:17455288]


A recycling endosome that is organized around the microtubule organizing center, close to the nucleus. This is the main recycling endosome of most cells. It receives input from the Golgi as well as recycled molecules from early endosomes. [PMID:19696797, PMID:20820847]


presynaptic zone cortex
cortex of presynaptic active zone

presynaptic active zone cytoplasmic component

A specialized region below the presynaptic membrane, characterized by electron-dense material, a specialized cytoskeletal matrix and accumulated (associated) synaptic vesicles. [GOC:dos]


An endosome present in the presynapse that fuses with endocytic vesicles arising in the presynaptic endocytic zone. This organelle is believed to be involved in regeneration of synaptic vesicles. [PMID:20200227, PMID:25939282]


Uptake of folic into the blood by absorption from the small intestine. [GOC:BHF, GOC:dos, GOC:hal, PMID:19762432]


regulation of inhibitory postsynaptic potential

modulation of inhibitory postsynaptic potential

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP). IPSP is a temporary decrease in postsynaptic membrane potential due to the flow of negatively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an IPSP is an inhibitory postsynaptic current (IPSC) and makes it more difficult for the neuron to fire an action potential. [GOC:dos]


A distinct region of the endoplasmic reticulum. [GOC:dos]


endoplasmic reticulum tubular network membrane

The membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum tubular network. [PMID:16469703]


The guanylylation of peptidyl-histidine to form (phospho-5'-guanosine)-L-histidine. [RESID:AA0325]


The sulfation of peptidyl-cysteine to form S-sulfo-L-cysteine. [RESID:AA0171]


peptidyl-cysteine modification to S-amindino-L-cysteine

The amidinylation of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-S-amidino-L-cysteine. [RESID:AA0335]


peptidyl-cysteine modification to L-cysteine persulfide

The modification of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-L-cysteine persulfide. [PMID:11592406]


Combining with a member of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family, and transmitting a signal across the plasma membrane to initiate a change in cell activity. [GOC:BHF, GOC:dos]


A process that depolarizes a postsynaptic membrane relative to its resting potential. This has an excitatory effect on the post-synaptic cell, moving the membrane potential towards the firing threshold. [GOC:dos]


hyperpolarization of postsynaptic membrane

A process that hyerpolarizes a postsynaptic membrane relative to its resting potential. This has an inhibitory effect on the post-synaptic cell, moving the membrane potential away from the firing threshold. [GOC:dos]


evoked excitatory postsynaptic potential

A process that leads to a temporary increase in postsynaptic potential due to the flow of positively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell induced by the evoked release of many vesicles of excitatory neurotransmitter at the synapse. [GOC:dos]


A process that leads to a temporary increase in postsynaptic potential due to the flow of positively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell, induced by the spontaneous release of a single vesicle of an excitatory neurotransmitter into the synapse. [GOC:dos]


modulation of excitatory postsynaptic potential

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP). EPSP is a process that leads to a temporary increase in postsynaptic potential due to the flow of positively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an EPSP is an excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) and makes it easier for the neuron to fire an action potential. [GOC:dos]


The low level of synaptic transmission that occurs via spontaneous neurotransmitter release into the synaptic cleft in the absence of a presynaptic action potential. [PMID:20200227]


The process in which genetic material, in the form of nuclear chromosomes, is organized into specific structures and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets. Nuclear chromosome segregation begins with the condensation of chromosomes, includes chromosome separation, and ends when chromosomes have completed movement to the spindle poles. [GOC:dos]


nuclear rRNA polyadenylation involved in polyadenylation-dependent rRNA catabolic process

The enzymatic addition of a sequence of adenylyl residues (polyadenylation) at the 3' end of a rRNA, occurring as part of the process of polyadenylation-dependent rRNA catabolism in the nucleus. [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb]


deadenylation involved in gene silencing by miRNA

mRNA deadenylation-mediated gene silencing by miRNA

miRNA-mediated gene silencing by mRNA deadenylation

An RNA interference pathway in which a miRNA binding to mRNA triggers shortening of the poly(A) tail of a nuclear-transcribed mRNA, resulting in destabilization of the mRNA and a reduction the amount of translated transcript. [GOC:BHF, GOC:dos, PMID:21118121, PMID:23209154]


mRNA cleavage involved in gene silencing


The part of a synapse that is part of the post-synaptic cell. [GOC:dos]


The part of a synapse that is part of the presynaptic cell. [GOC:dos]


The selective autophagy process in which a region of cytoplasm containing an intracellular pathogen or some part of an intracellular pathogen (e.g. viral capsid) is enclosed in a double membrane bound autophagosome, which then fuses with the lysosome leading to degradation of the contents. [GOC:autophagy, GOC:pad, GOC:PARL, PMID:19802565, PMID:20159618, PMID:25497060]


ncRNA transcription associated with protein coding gene TSS/TES

The transcription of non-coding RNA associated with transcriptional start and end sites of protein coding genes. This occurs at some low level for many protein coding genes. [PMID:20502517]


mRNA cleavage involved in mRNA processing

Cleavage of an immature mRNA transcript to produce one or more more mature mRNA transcripts, prior to translation into polypeptide. [GOC:dos]


Any vesicle that is part of the intracellular region. [GOC:vesicles]


A programmed cell death characterized morphologically by the presence of smaller than normal mitochondria with condensed mitochondrial membrane densities, reduction or vanishing of mitochondria crista, and outer mitochondrial membrane rupture. Activation of mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channels and mitogen-activated protein kinases, upregulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress, and inhibition of cystine/glutamate antiporter are involved in the induction of ferroptosis. This process is characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxidation products and lethal reactive oxygen species (ROS) derived from iron metabolism. Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), heat shock protein beta-1, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 function as negative regulators of ferroptosis by limiting ROS production and reducing cellular iron uptake, respectively. In contrast, NADPH oxidase and p53 act as positive regulators of ferroptosis by promotion of ROS production and inhibition of expression of SLC7A11 (a specific light-chain subunit of the cystine/glutamate antiporter), respectively. Misregulated ferroptosis has been implicated in multiple physiological and pathological processes. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, PMID:25236395, PMID:26794443]


blood vessel endothelial cell response to oscillatory fluid shear stress

vascular endothelial cell response to oscillatory fluid shear stress

Any response to oscillatory fluid shear stress that occurs in a vascular endothelial cell. [GOC:bc, GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, PMID:21768538]


blood vessel endothelial cell response to pulsatile fluid shear stress

vascular endothelial cell response to pulsatile fluid shear stress

Any response to pulsatile fluid shear stress that occurs in a vascular endothelial cell. [GOC:bc, GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, PMID:21768538]


cellular response to oscillatory fluid shear stress

Any response to oscillatory fluid shear stress that occurs at the level of a cell. [GOC:bc, GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, PMID:21768538]


cellular response to pulsatile fluid shear stress

Any response to pulsatile fluid shear stress that occurs at the level of a cell. [GOC:bc, GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, PMID:21768538]


response to oscillatory fluid shear stress

Any response to fluid shear stress where the fluid is moving across a solid surface with an oscillatory flow. Disturbed flow patterns at the arterial bifurcations and curvatures may cause endothelial dysfunction, which initiates atherosclerosis. [GOC:bc, GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, PMID:21768538]


response to pulsatile fluid shear stress

Any response to fluid shear stress where the fluid is flowing across a solid surface with periodic variations. For example, the endothelium in straight parts of the artery tree is subjected to pulsatile shear stress with a significant forward direction, which is believed to be an important physiological stimulus enhancing vessel compliance and conferring anti-thrombotic, anti-adhesive, and anti-inflammatory effects. [GOC:bc, GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, PMID:21768538]


blood vessel endothelial cell response to laminar fluid shear stress

vascular endothelial cell response to laminar fluid shear stress

Any response to laminar fluid shear stress in a vascular endothelial cell. [GOC:bc, GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, PMID:21768538]


blood vessel endothelial cell response to fluid shear stress

vascular endothelial cell response to fluid shear stress

Any response to fluid shear stress in a vascular endothelial cell. [GOC:bc, GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, PMID:21768538]


telomere maintenance via base-excision repair

A telomere maintenance process that occurs by base-excision repair of telomeric DNA in response to DNA damage. Telomeric sequences are particularly susceptible to oxidative DNA damage, due to their G-rich nature. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_telomere, GOC:jbu, PMID:24703901]


tRNA 5-carboxymethoxyuridine methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosylmethionine to a 5-carboxymethoxy-modified uridine residue in a tRNA molecule. [GOC:imk, PMID:26681692]


kinase-STAT cascade
STAT signalling pathway
kinase activated-STAT cascade

An intracellular signal transduction process in which STAT proteins (Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription) convey a signal to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. The STAT cascade begins with receptor activation followed by activation of STAT proteins by kinases. It proceeds through STA dimerization and subsequent nuclear translocation of STAT proteins, and ends with regulation of target gene expression by STAT proteins. [GOC:rjd, PMID:21534947, PMID:24587195]


establishment of macromolecular complex localization to telomere

establishment of macromolecular complex localisation to telomere

establishment of protein-containing complex localization to telomere

The directed movement of a protein-containing macromolecular complex to a specific location in the telomeric region of a chromosome. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_telomere, GOC:rph, PMID:26586433]


establishment of RNA localisation to telomere

establishment of RNA localization to telomere

The directed movement of RNA to a specific location in the telomeric region of a chromosome. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_telomere, GOC:rph, PMID:26586433]


Eye-like subcellular structure found in dinoflagellates (a large group of single-celled eukaryotes). Consists of subcellular analogues to a cornea, lens, iris, and retina. Ocelloids are built from pre-existing organelles, including a cornea-like layer made of mitochondria and a retinal body made of anastomosing plastids. [GOC:ar, PMID:26131935]


The modification of histone H3 by addition of one methyl group to lysine at position 4 of the histone. [GOC:jh2, PMID:26320581]


Small membrane vesicle (< 1 um) that buds off a prokaryotic cell plasma membrane, able to carry proteins, phospholipids, lipopolysaccharides, nucleic acids, viruses, and more. Important in intercellular communication and pathogenesis; can exist within host cells. [GOC:aa, PMID:25704309]


ER-associated glycoprotein degradation
glycoprotein ERAD
gpERAD

ubiquitin-dependent glycoprotein ERAD pathway

An ERAD pathway whereby endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident glycoproteins are targeted for degradation. Includes differential processing of the glycoprotein sugar chains, retrotranslocation to the cytosol and degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. A glycoprotein is a compound in which a carbohydrate component is covalently bound to a protein component. [GOC:al, GOC:bf, PMID:16079177]


telomeric repeat-containing RNA transcription from RNA pol II promoter

telomeric repeat-containing RNA transcription by RNA polymerase II

The synthesis of telomeric repeat-containing RNA from a DNA template by RNA polymerase II (Pol II), originating at a Pol II promoter. [GOC:al, PMID:22139915]


All of the contents of a cilium, excluding the plasma membrane surrounding the cilium. [GOC:BHF, GOC:cilia, GOC:dos, PMID:17895364]


acetylcholine receptor signalling pathway

acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an acetylcholine receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands. [GOC:mah]


calcium ion transmembrane transport via low voltage-gated calcium channel

A process in which a calcium ion is transported from one side of a membrane to the other by means of a low voltage-gated calcium channel. [GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, PMID:20371816]


The cell-cell adhesion process by which adjacent microvilli attach to each other through Ca(2+)-dependent adhesion links made of protocadherin-24 and mucin-like protocadherin. [GOC:lb, PMID:24725409]


endothelial cell-matrix adhesion via fibronectin

The binding of an endothelial cell to the extracellular matrix via fibronectin. [GOC:bc, GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, PMID:19460962]


The binding of an endothelial cell to the extracellular matrix via adhesion molecules. [GOC:bc, GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, PMID:19460962]


Any process in which telomerase RNA is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_telomere, GOC:nc, PMID:25467444]


telomerase RNA localization to Cajal body

A process in which telomerase RNA (TERC) is transported to, or maintained in, a Cajal body. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_telomere, GOC:nc, PMID:25467444]


A process in which an RNA is transported to, or maintained in, a Cajal body. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_telomere, GOC:nc, PMID:25467444]


Prevention of degradation of telomerase RNA (TERC) molecules. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_telomere, GOC:nc, PMID:25467444]


cell chemotaxis to vascular endothelial growth factor

The directed movement of a motile cell in response to the presence of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph, PMID:21885851]


A process in which a small Cajal body-specific RNA is transported to, or maintained in, a Cajal body. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_telomere, GOC:nc, PMID:25467444]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or a multicellular organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a higher than normal number of multicellular organisms living per unit area. [GOC:mr, PMID:26439857]


The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of the peptide neurotransmitter galanin binding to a cell surface receptor. [GOC:lb, PMID:25691535]


ATP hydrolysis coupled transmembrane transport


The behavior of an organism relating to the progression of that organism along the ground by the process of lifting and setting down each leg. [GOC:tb]


A biochemically and structurally distinct domain of the retinal interphotoreceptor matrix that is specifically associated with cone photoreceptor cell inner and outer segments. [GOC:mr, PMID:2055688]


The telomere maintenance process in which telomeric loops are disassembled to permit efficient telomere replication. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_telomere, GOC:nc, PMID:22579284]


A telomere maintenance process that results in the formation of a telomeric circle, or t-circle. A t-circle is an extrachromosomal duplex or single-stranded circular DNA molecule composed of t-arrays. T-circles are involved in the control of telomere length via alternative-lengthening of telomeres (ALT) pathway and telomere rapid deletion (TRD). [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_telomere, GOC:nc, PMID:19214183, PMID:19581589, PMID:19809492, PMID:19858100]


double-stranded/single-stranded junction telomeric DNA binding

Binding to a junction formed at the point where double-stranded telomeric DNA becomes a single-stranded G-rich telomeric DNA 3' overhang. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_telomere, GOC:bhm, GOC:nc, PMID:21852327]


Tubulo-vesicular structure located in the basolateral cytoplasm that participates in basolateral cargo recycling in polarized epithelial cells. [PMID:11389442, PMID:16394106, PMID:17494872, PMID:21170358, PMID:9405315]


Tubulo-vesicular structure located in the apical cytoplasm that participates in apical cargo recycling in polarized epithelial cells. [PMID:12669082, PMID:16394106, PMID:17494872, PMID:21170358, PMID:9405315]


The region of the cytoplasm located at the basolateral side of the cell. Used in reference to animal polarized epithelial cells. [PMID:17494872]