L-2-hydroxycarboxylate dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(1-) + a (2S)-2-hydroxycarboxylate <=> NADH(2-) + H+ + a 2-oxo carboxylate. [EC:1.1.1.337, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: syringetin(1-) + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> 3,3',5'-trimethylmyricetin + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine. [EC:2.1.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: syringetin(1-) + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> 7,3',5'-trimethylmyricetin + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine. [EC:2.1.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 3',4',5'-trimethylmyricetin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> 3,3',4',5'-tetramethylmyricetin + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+. [EC:2.1.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 3',4',5'-trimethylmyricetin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> 7,3',4',5'-tetramethylmyricetin + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+. [EC:2.1.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: laricitrin(1-) + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> H+ + 3',4'-dimethylmyricetin + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine. [EC:2.1.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 7-O-methylmyricetin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> 7,4'-dimethylmyricetin + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+. [EC:2.1.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: myricetin(1-) + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> 7-O-methylmyricetin + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine. [EC:2.1.1.-, GOC:pz]


phenylalanine 4-hydroxylase (N10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate dependent) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-phenylalanine + O2 + an N10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate <=> L-tyrosine + a 10-formyltetrahydrofolate-4a-carbinolamine. [EC:1.14.16.1, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: quercetin-7-olate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> rhamnetin + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine. [EC:2.1.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: genistin + UDP-alpha-D-glucose <=> genistin 7-gentiobioside + UDP + H+. [EC:2.4.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: kaempferol 3-O-glucoside + UDP-alpha-D-glucose <=> kaempferol-3-gentiobioside + UDP. [EC:2.4.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: allocryptopine + NADPH + O2 + H+ <=> 6-hydroxy-allocryptopine + NADP + H2O. [EC:1.14.13.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: myricetin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside + UDP-alpha-D-glucose <=> myricetin 3-O-gentiobioside + UDP + H+. [EC:2.4.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: myricetin + UDP-alpha-D-glucose <=> myricetin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside + UDP. [EC:2.4.1.91, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: (+)-sesaminol 2-O-beta-D-gentiobioside + UDP-alpha-D-glucose <=> (+)-sesaminol 2-O-beta-D-gentiotrioside + UDP + H+. [EC:2.4.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: (+)-sesaminol + UDP-alpha-D-glucose <=> (+)-sesaminol 2-O-beta-D-glucoside + UDP + H+. [GOC:pz, PMID:18248594, PMID:19561332]


Catalysis of the reaction: curcumin 4'-O-beta-D-gentiotrioside + UDP-alpha-D-glucose <=> curcumin 4'-O-beta-D-gentiotetraside + UDP + H+. [EC:2.4.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: curcumin 4'-O-beta-D-gentiobioside + UDP-alpha-D-glucose <=> curcumin 4'-O-beta-D-gentiotrioside + UDP + H+. [EC:2.4.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: apigenin 7-O-beta-D-glucoside + UDP-alpha-D-glucose <=> apigenin-7-O-gentiobioside + UDP + H+. [EC:2.4.1.-, GOC:pz]


quercetin gentiotrioside 1,6-glucosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: quercetin-3-gentiotrioside + UDP-alpha-D-glucose <=> quercetin-3-gentiotetraside + UDP + H+. [EC:2.4.1.-, GOC:pz]


quercetin gentiobioside 1,6-glucosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: quercetin-3-gentiobioside + UDP-alpha-D-glucose <=> quercetin-3-gentiotrioside + UDP + H+. [EC:2.4.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: quercetin-3-glucoside + UDP-alpha-D-glucose(2-) <=> quercetin-3-gentiobioside + UDP. [EC:2.4.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 6-O-methyl-N-deacetylisoipecoside + H2O <=> 6-O-methyl-N-deacetylisoipecoside aglycon + beta-D-glucose. [EC:3.2.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate(3-) <=> valerena-4,7(11)-diene + diphosphoric acid. [EC:4.2.3.139, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: quercetin-3-glucoside + UDP-alpha-D-glucose(2-) <=> quercetin 3,4'-O-diglucoside + UDP(3-). [EC:2.4.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: quercetin 4'-O-glucoside + UDP-alpha-D-glucose(2-) <=> quercetin 3,4'-O-diglucoside + UDP(3-). [EC:2.4.1.-, GOC:pz]


sn-2-glycerol-3-phosphate C16:0-CoA acyl transferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: behenoyl-CoA + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate(2-) <=> coenzyme A + 2-docosanoyl-glycerol 3-phosphate. [EC:2.3.1.198, GOC:pz]


sn-2-glycerol-3-phosphate C16:0-DCA-CoA acyl transferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: hexadecanedioyl-CoA + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate <=> coenzyme A + sn-2-C16:0-DCA-LPA. [EC:2.3.1.198, GOC:pz]


sn-2-glycerol-3-phosphate C22:0-DCA-CoA acyl transferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: C22:0-DCA-CoA + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate <=> coenzyme A + 2-C22:0-DCA-LPA. [EC:2.3.1.198, GOC:pz]


omega-hydroxypalmitate O-sinapoyl transferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: sinapoyl-CoA + 16-hydroxypalmitate <=> coenzyme A + 16-sinapoyloxypalmitate. [EC:2.3.1.188, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: (+)-taxifolin(1-) + O2 + NADPH(4-) + H+ <=> (+)-dihydromyricetin + NADP(3-) + H2O. [GOC:pz]


linalyl 6-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside glucosidase (Yabukita) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: linalyl 6-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl- beta-D-glucopyranoside + H2O <=> vicianose + linalool. [EC:3.2.1.149, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + dTDP-3-amino-4-dehydro-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-D-glucose <=> 2 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + dTDP-3-N,N-dimethylamino-4-oxo-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-D-glucose + 2 H+. [EC:2.1.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + dTDP-3-N-methylamino-4-oxo-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-D-glucose <=> S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + dTDP-3-N,N-dimethylamino-4-oxo-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-D-glucose + H+. [EC:2.1.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + dTDP-3-amino-4-dehydro-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-D-glucose <=> S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + dTDP-3-N-methylamino-4-oxo-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-D-glucose + H+. [EC:2.1.1.-, GOC:pz]


9-cis-10'-apo-beta-carotenal cleavage oxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 9-cis-10'-apo-beta-carotenal + 2 O2 <=> carlactone + (2E,4E,6E)-7-hydroxy-4-methylhepta-2,4,6-trienal. [EC:1.13.11.69, GOC:pz]


9-cis-beta-carotene 9',10'-cleavage oxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 9-cis-beta-carotene + O2 <=> 9-cis-10'-apo-beta-carotenal + beta-ionone. [EC:1.13.11.68, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: (2S,3R,4S)-4-hydroxy-L-isoleucine + NAD <=> (2S,3R)-2-amino-3-methyl-4-ketopentanoate + NADH + H+. [EC:1.1.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: FAD + H+ + a decanoyl-HmqF protein <=> FADH2(2-) + a 2,3-dehydro-decanoyl-HmqF. [EC:1.3.8.-, GOC:pz]


decanoate-[HmqF protein] ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: decanoate + ATP(4-) + an HmqF protein <=> AMP(2-) + diphosphoric acid + a decanoyl-HmqF protein. [EC:6.2.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + decanoate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + decanoyl-CoA. [GOC:pz, RHEA:33627]


mycophenolic acid acyl-glucuronide esterase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: mycophenolic acid O-acyl-glucuronide(1-) + H2O <=> mycophenolate + H+ + D-glucopyranuronate. [EC:3.1.1.93, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N,N'-diacetylbacillosamine + H2O <=> 2,4-diacetamido-2,4,6-trideoxy-alpha-D-mannopyranose + UDP + H+. [EC:3.2.1.184, GOC:pz]


rebaudioside B glucosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: rebaudioside B + UDP-alpha-D-glucose <=> rebaudioside A + UDP + H+. [EC:2.4.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: lupeol + 3 NADPH + 3 O2 + 3 H+ <=> betulinic acid + 3 NADP + 4 H2O. [EC:1.14.13.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 11-oxo-beta-amyrin + 3 NADPH + 3 O2 + 2 H+ <=> glycyrrhetinic acid + 3 NADP + 4 H2O. [GOC:pz, RHEA:35499]


ursolic aldehyde 28-monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ursolic aldehyde + NADPH + O2 + H+ <=> ursolic acid + NADP + H2O. [GOC:pz, PMID:22039103]


Catalysis of the reaction: uvaol + NADPH + O2 + H+ <=> ursolic aldehyde + NADP + 2 H2O. [GOC:pz, PMID:22039103]


Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-amyrin + NADPH(4-) + O2 + H+ <=> uvaol + NADP(3-) + H2O. [EC:1.14.13.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: betulin + NADPH(4-) + H+ + O2 <=> betulinic aldehyde + NADP(3-) + 2 H2O. [EC:1.14.-.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: lupeol + NADPH(4-) + O2 + H+ <=> betulin + NADP(3-) + H2O. [EC:1.14.13.-, GOC:pz]


11alpha-30-dihydroxy beta-amyrin dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 11alpha,30-dihydroxy-beta-amyrin + NADPH + O2 + H+ <=> 30-hydroxy-11-oxo-beta-amyrin + NADP + 2 H2O. [GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: beta-amyrin + NADPH + H+ + O2 <=> 30-hydroxy-beta-amyrin + NADP + H2O. [EC:1.14.13.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2alpha-hydroxytaxusin + NADPH + O2 + H+ <=> 2alpha, 7beta-dihydroxytaxusin + NADP + H2O. [EC:1.14.13.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: isoscopoletin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> scoparone + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+. [EC:2.1.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: esculetin + UDP-alpha-D-glucose <=> 3-O-beta-D-glucosyl-esculetin + UDP + H+. [EC:2.4.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: esculetin + UDP-alpha-D-glucose <=> 4-O-beta-D-glucosyl-esculetin + UDP + H+. [EC:2.4.1.126, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose(2-) + 7,8-dihydroxycoumarin <=> UDP(3-) + 3-O-beta-D-glucosyl-daphnetin + H+. [EC:2.4.1.91, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + 7,8-dihydroxycoumarin <=> UDP + 4-O- beta -D-glucosyl-daphnetin + H+. [EC:2.4.1.126, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 7,8-dihydroxycoumarin <=> S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 7-hydroxy-8-methoxycoumarin + H+. [EC:2.1.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: mithramycin + NADP <=> mithramycin DK + NADPH + H+. [EC:1.1.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate(3-) <=> diphosphoric acid + (+)-isoitalicene. [EC:4.2.3.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxo-3-(5-oxofuran-2-ylidene)propanoate + H2O <=> 3-maleylpyruvate + H+. [EC:3.1.1.91, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: hexacosanoyl-CoA(4-) + NADP(3-) <=> trans-2-hexacosenoyl-CoA + NADPH + H+. [EC:1.3.1.93, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: tetracosanoyl-CoA + NADP <=> trans-2-tetracosenoyl-CoA + NADPH + H+. [EC:1.3.1.93, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: behenoyl-CoA + NADP <=> trans-2-docosenoyl-CoA + NADPH + H+. [EC:1.3.1.93, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: icosanoyl-CoA(4-) + NADP(3-) <=> trans-2-icosenoyl-CoA(4-) + NADPH(4-) + H+. [EC:1.3.1.93, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-3-hydroxycerotoyl-CoA(4-) <=> trans-2-hexacosenoyl-CoA(4-) + H2O. [EC:4.2.1.134, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-3-hydroxylignoceroyl-CoA(4-) <=> trans-2-tetracosenoyl-CoA + H2O. [EC:4.2.1.134, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-3-hydroxybehenoyl-CoA <=> trans-2-docosenoyl-CoA + H2O. [EC:4.2.1.134, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-3-hydroxyicosanoyl-CoA <=> trans-2-icosenoyl-CoA + H2O. [EC:4.2.1.134, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-3-hydroxycerotoyl-CoA + NADP <=> 3-oxohexacosanoyl-CoA + NADPH + H+. [EC:1.1.1.330, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-3-hydroxylignoceroyl-CoA + NADP <=> 3-oxotetracosanoyl-CoA + NADPH + H+. [EC:1.1.1.330, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-3-hydroxybehenoyl-CoA(4-) + NADP(3-) <=> 3-oxodocosanoyl-CoA + NADPH + H+. [EC:1.1.1.330, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-3-hydroxyicosanoyl-CoA(4-) + NADP(3-) <=> 3-oxoicosanoyl-CoA + NADPH + H+. [EC:1.1.1.330, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: behenoyl-CoA(4-) + malonyl-CoA(5-) + H+ <=> 3-oxotetracosanoyl-CoA. + carbon dioxide + coenzyme A. [GOC:pz, RHEA:36507]


Catalysis of the reaction: tetracosanoyl-CoA(4-) + malonyl-CoA(5-) + H+ <=> 3-oxohexacosanoyl-CoA + carbon dioxide + coenzyme A. [GOC:pz, RHEA:36515]


Catalysis of the reaction: stearoyl-CoA(4-) + malonyl-CoA(5-) + H+ <=> 3-oxoicosanoyl-CoA. + carbon dioxide + coenzyme A. [GOC:pz, RHEA:35319]


Catalysis of the reaction: N,N'-diacetyl-alpha-D-bacillosaminyl-diphospho-tri-trans,hepta-cis-undecaprenol + UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine <=> N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-alpha-(1->3)-N,N'-diacetyl-alpha-D-bacillosaminyl-diphospho-tri-trans,hepta-cis-undecaprenol + UDP + H+. [EC:2.4.1.290, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: ditrans,polycis-undecaprenyl phosphate + UDP-N,N'-diacetylbacillosamine <=> N,N'-diacetyl-alpha-D-bacillosaminyl-diphospho-tri-trans,hepta-cis-undecaprenol + UMP. [EC:2.7.8.36, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 16-hydroxy-hentriaconta-3,6,9,12,19,22,25,28-octaene-15-oyl-CoA + NADP <=> hentriaconta-3,6,9,12,19,22,25,28-octaene-16-one-15-oyl-CoA + NADPH + H+. [EC:1.1.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-6-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)-hexa-2,4-dienoate + H2O <=> 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate + 2-oxopent-4-enoate + H+. [EC:3.7.1.8, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: biphenyl-2,2',3-triol + O2 + NADH + H+ <=> 2,2',3,3'-tetrahydroxybiphenyl + NAD + H2O. [GOC:pz, RHEA:63516]


Catalysis of the reaction: biphenyl-2,2'-diol + O2 + NADH + H+ <=> biphenyl-2,2',3-triol + H2O + NAD. [GOC:pz, RHEA:63512]


Catalysis of the reaction: 1,8-cineole + NADPH + H+ + O2 <=> 2-exo-hydroxy-1,8-cineole + NADP + H2O. [GOC:pz, RHEA:32895]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-deoxystreptamine(2+) + UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine <=> H+ + 2'-N-acetylparomamine(2+) + UDP(3-). [EC:2.4.1.283, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-deoxystreptamine + UDP-alpha-D-glucose <=> 2'-deamino-2'-hydroxyparomamine + UDP(3-) + H+. [EC:2.4.1.284, GOC:pz]


4-methylaminobutyrate oxidase (demethylating) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 4-(methylamino)butyric acid + O2 + H2O <=> gamma-aminobutyric acid + formaldehyde + hydrogen peroxide. [EC:1.5.3.19, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: (6E)-8-hydroxygeraniol + 2 NADP <=> (6E)-8-oxogeranial + 2 NADPH + 2 H+. [EC:1.1.1.324, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: dTDP-4-dehydro-2,6-dideoxy-alpha-D-allose + NAD(P) <=> dTDP-(2R,6S)-6-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-4-olate + 2 H+ + NAD(P)H. [EC:1.17.1.-, GOC:pz]


dTDP-4-oxo-2,6-dideoxy-D-glucose 4-ketoreductase (dTDP-D-oliose producing) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: dTDP-D-oliose + NADP <=> dTDP-4-dehydro-2,6-dideoxy-D-glucose + NADPH + H+. [EC:1.1.1.-, GOC:pz]


erythromycin D 3''-o-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + erythromycin D <=> S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + erythromycin B + H+. [EC:2.1.1.254, GOC:pz]


erythromycin C 3''-o-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + erythromycin C <=> S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + erythromycin A + H+. [EC:2.1.1.254, GOC:pz]


benzil reductase [(S)-benzoin-forming] activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-benzoin + NADP(3-) <=> benzil + NADPH(4-) + H+. [EC:1.1.1.320, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-cis,6-trans,10-trans-geranylgeranyl diphosphate + H2O <=> (13E)-labda-7,13-dien-15-ol + diphosphoric acid. [GOC:pz, RHEA:32075]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate(3-) <=> 7-epi-sesquithujene + diphosphoric acid. [EC:4.2.3.102, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + trans-resveratrol <=> 2 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + pterostilbene + 2 H+. [EC:2.1.1.240, GOC:pz]


mycinamicin VI 2''-O-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + mycinamicin VI <=> S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + mycinamicin III(1+) + H+. [EC:2.1.1.238, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: selenic acid + ATP + 2 H+ <=> adenylyl selenate + diphosphoric acid. [EC:2.7.7.4, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: (1E,2Z)-3-hydroxy-5,9,17-trioxo-4,5:9,10-disecoandrosta-1(10),2-dien-4-oate + H2O <=> 9,17-dioxo-1,2,3,4,10,19-hexanorandrostan-5-oate + (2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxyhexa-2,4-dienoate + H+. [EC:3.7.1.17, GOC:pz]


4-methylumbelliferyl glucoside 6'-O-malonyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 4-methylumbelliferyl glucoside + malonyl-CoA <=> 4-methylumbelliferone 6'-O-malonylglucoside + coenzyme A. [EC:2.3.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: pheophytin b + H2O <=> H+ + pheophorbide b + phytol. [EC:3.1.1.14, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 30-hydroxy-beta-amyrin + O2 + NADPH + H+ <=> 11alpha,30-dihydroxy-beta-amyrin + H2O + NADP. [EC:1.14.13.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: beta-amyrin + O2 + NADPH + H+ <=> 11alpha-hydroxy-beta-amyrin + H2O + NADP. [EC:1.14.14.152, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: beta-amyrin + 2 O2 + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ <=> 11-oxo-beta-amyrin + 3 H2O + 2 NADP. [EC:1.14.14.152, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-coumaryl-CoA + 3-oxooctanoyl-CoA + H2O <=> 4-coumaroylhexanoylmethane + 2 coenzyme A + carbon dioxide. [EC:2.3.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: L-threo-sphinganine + NADP <=> H+ + NADPH + 3-dehydrosphinganinium(1+). [EC:1.1.1.102, GOC:pz]


3-ketodihydrosphinganine (C20) reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: C20 sphinganine(1+) + NADP <=> C20 3-dehydrosphinganine(1+) + NADPH + H+. [EC:1.1.1.102, GOC:pz]


3-ketodihydrosphinganine (C18) reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(1-) + a sphinganine <=> 3-dehydrosphinganinium(1+) + NADH + H+. [EC:1.1.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: formylaminopyrimidine + H2O <=> 4-amino-5-ammoniomethyl-2-methylpyrimidine + formate. [EC:3.5.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: n H2O + chitin <=> N,N'-diacetylchitobiose. [EC:3.2.1.-, GOC:pz]


2-oxoglutarate oxygenase/decarboxylase (ethylene-forming) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate(2-) + O2 + 2 H+ <=> ethene + 3 carbon dioxide + H2O. [EC:1.13.12.19, GOC:pz]


cysteine-S-conjugate N-malonyl transferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: malonyl-CoA(5-) + an L-cysteine-S-conjugate <=> coenzyme A + H+ + an N-malonyl-L-cysteine-S-conjugate. [EC:2.3.1.-, GOC:pz]


glutathione S-conjugate carboxypeptidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + a glutathione-toxin conjugate <=> glycine + a [Glu-Cys]-S-conjugate. [EC:3.4.17.-, GOC:pz]


homophytochelatin synthase (dimmer forming) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: glutathionate + L-gamma-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-beta-alaninate <=> gamma-Glu-Cys-gamma-Glu-Cys-beta-Ala + glycine. [EC:2.3.2.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: a 5,6-dihydrouracil20b in tRNA + NAD(P) <=> H+ + a uracil20b in tRNA + NAD(P)H. [EC:1.3.1.90, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: a 5,6-dihydrouracil20a in tRNA + NAD(P) <=> H+ + a uracil20a in tRNA + NAD(P)H. [EC:1.3.1.90, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: a 5,6-dihydrouracil47 in tRNA + NAD(P) <=> H+ + a uracil47 in tRNA + NAD(P)H. [EC:1.3.1.89, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: a 5,6-dihydrouracil20 in tRNA + NAD(P) <=> H+ + a uracil20 in tRNA + NAD(P)H. [EC:1.3.1.91, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: a 5,6-dihydrouracil17 in tRNA + NAD(P) <=> H+ + a uracil17 in tRNA + NAD(P)H. [EC:1.3.1.88, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: a 5,6-dihydrouracil16 in tRNA + NAD(P) <=> H+ + a uracil16 in tRNA + NAD(P)H. [EC:1.3.1.88, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: NADP + a reduced coenzyme F420 <=> NADPH + H+ + an oxidized coenzyme F420. [EC:1.5.1.40, GOC:pz]


1-16:0-2-18:2-phosphatidylcholine sn-1 acylhydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-phosphatidylcholine + H2O <=> 1-linoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoate + H+. [EC:3.1.1.32, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: neoagarohexaose + H2O <=> 3,6-anhydro-alpha-L-galactopyranose + agaropentaose. [EC:3.2.1.159, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: neo-lambda-carrahexaose + H2O <=> neo-lambda-carratetraose + neo-lambda-carrabiose. [EC:3.2.1.162, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: neoagarotetraose + H2O <=> 3,6-anhydro-alpha-L-galactopyranose + agarotriose. [EC:3.2.1.159, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: neoagarobiose + H2O <=> 3,6-anhydro-alpha-L-galactopyranose + beta-D-galactoside. [EC:3.2.1.159, GOC:pz]


malonyl-malonyl acyl carrier protein-condensing enzyme activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 H+ + 2 a malonyl-[acp] <=> 2 carbon dioxide + an acetoacetyl-[acp] + a holo-[acyl-carrier protein]. [EC:2.3.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: aminodeoxyfutalosinate + H2O <=> dehypoxanthine futalosine + adenine. [EC:3.2.2.30, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: lupan-3beta,20-diol <=> (S)-2,3-epoxysqualene + H2O. [EC:4.2.1.128, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-ammoniopropanal + NAD + H2O <=> 2 H+ + beta-alanine + NADH. [EC:1.2.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: trans-4-hexen-3-one + NADPH + H+ <=> hexan-3-one + NADP. [GOC:pz, PMID:21169366]


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-penten-3-one + NADPH + H+ <=> 1-pentan-3-one + NADP. [GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: buten-2-one + NADPH + H+ <=> butan-2-one + NADP. [EC:1.3.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: (cis)-crotonaldehyde + NADPH + H+ <=> butanal + NADP. [EC:1.3.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: acrolein + NADPH + H+ <=> propanal + NADP. [GOC:pz, PMID:21169366]


Catalysis of the reaction: n H2O + an exposed unphosphorylated, unbranched malto-oligosaccharide tail on amylopectin <=> amylopectin + maltose. [EC:3.2.1.2, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 4,4'-diaponeurosporene + FAD + H+ <=> 4,4'-diapolycopene + FADH2. [EC:1.3.8.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-2,4-diacetamido-2,4,6-trideoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranose + H2O <=> 2,4-diacetamido-2,4,6-trideoxy-alpha-D-mannopyranose + GDP + H+. [EC:3.2.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 4 H+ + 15-cis-4,4'-diapophytoene + 4 FAD <=> 4,4'-diapolycopene + 4 FADH2. [EC:1.3.8.2, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: thiocyanate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> methyl thiocyanate + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine. [EC:2.1.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a 3-(all-trans-polyrenyl)benzene-1,2-diol <=> S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+ + a 2-methoxy-6-(all-trans-polyprenyl)phenol. [EC:2.1.1.222, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + brassicasterol <=> UDP(3-) + 3-O-beta-D-glucosyl-brassicasterol + H+. [EC:2.4.1.173, GOC:pz, RHEA:61840]


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + solasodine <=> UDP + solasodine 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside + H+. [EC:2.4.1.173, GOC:pz, RHEA:61844]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-cis,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate <=> (+)-2-epi-prezizaene + diphosphoric acid. [GOC:pz, PMID:20175559, PMID:20201526]


vinylacetate caboxylester hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: but-3-enoate + H2O <=> allyl alcohol + formate. [GOC:pz, PMID:19555778]


Catalysis of the reaction: cortisol + NADP <=> cortisone + NADPH + H+. [GOC:pz, PMID:16216911, RHEA:68616]


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate + D-lysinium(1+) + ATP <=> UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-gamma-D-glutamyl-D-lysine + ADP + hydrogenphosphate + H+. [EC:6.3.2.37, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a [protein]-N6-D-fructosyl-L-lysine <=> ADP + H+ + a [protein]-N6-(3-O-phospho-D-fructosyl)-L-lysine. [EC:2.7.1.171, GOC:pz, PMID:11016445]


Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a [protein]-N6-D-ribulosyl-L-lysine <=> ADP + a [protein]-N6-(3-O-phospho-D-ribulosyl)-L-lysine. [EC:2.7.1.172, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 4alpha-carboxy-5alpha-cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol + NAD(1-) <=> 5alpha-cholesta-7,24-dien-3-one + NADH(2-) + carbon dioxide. [GOC:pz, RHEA:59016]


Catalysis of the reaction: 4alpha-formyl-5alpha-cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol + O2 + NADH(2-) <=> 4alpha-carboxy-5alpha-cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol + NAD(1-) + H2O. [EC:1.14.13.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 4alpha-hydroxymethyl-5alpha-cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol + O2 + NADH(2-) + H+ <=> 4alpha-formyl-5alpha-cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol + NAD(1-) + 2 H2O. [EC:1.14.13.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 4alpha-methyl-5alpha-cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol + O2 + NADH(2-) + H+ <=> 4alpha-hydroxymethyl-5alpha-cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol + NAD(1-) + H2O. [EC:1.14.13.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 4alpha-carboxy,4beta,14alpha-dimethyl-9beta,19-cyclo-5alpha-cholest-24-en-3beta-ol + NAD(1-) <=> 4alpha,14alpha-dimethyl-9beta,19-cyclo-5alpha-cholest-24-en-3-one + NADH(2-) + carbon dioxide. [EC:1.1.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 4alpha-formyl,4beta,14alpha-dimethyl-9beta,19-cyclo-5alpha-cholest-24-en-3beta-ol + NADH(2-) + O2 <=> 4alpha-carboxy,4beta,14alpha-dimethyl-9beta,19-cyclo-5alpha-cholest-24-en-3beta-ol + NAD(1-) + H2O. [EC:1.14.13.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 4alpha-hydroxymethyl,4beta,14alpha-dimethyl-9beta,19-cyclo-5alpha-cholest-24-en-3beta-ol + NADH(2-) + O2 + H+ <=> 4alpha-formyl,4beta,14alpha-dimethyl-9beta,19-cyclo-5alpha-cholest-24-en-3beta-ol + NAD(1-) + 2 H2O. [EC:1.14.13.-, GOC:pz]


cycloartenol 4alpha-methyl oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cycloartenol + NADH + O2 + H+ <=> 4alpha-hydroxymethyl,4beta,14alpha-dimethyl-9beta,19-cyclo-5alpha-cholest-24-en-3beta-ol + NAD + H2O. [EC:1.14.13.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: avenastenone + NADPH + H+ <=> avenasterol + NADP. [EC:1.1.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 4alpha-carboxy-stigmasta-7,24(241)-dien-3beta-ol + NAD <=> avenastenone + NADH + carbon dioxide. [EC:1.1.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 4alpha-formyl-stigmasta-7,24(241)-dien-3beta-ol + NADH + O2 <=> 4alpha-carboxy-stigmasta-7,24(241)-dien-3beta-ol + NAD + H2O. [EC:1.14.13.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 4alpha-hydroxymethyl-stigmasta-7,24(241)-dien-3beta-ol + NADH + O2 + H+ <=> 4alpha-formyl-stigmasta-7,24(241)-dien-3beta-ol + NAD + 2 H2O. [EC:1.14.13.-, GOC:pz]


24-ethylidenelophenol 4alpha-methyl oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 24-ethylidenelophenol + NADH + O2 + H+ <=> 4alpha-hydroxymethyl-stigmasta-7,24(241)-dien-3beta-ol + NAD + H2O. [EC:1.14.13.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 4alpha-formyl-ergosta-7,24(241)-dien-3beta-ol + O2 + NADH <=> 4alpha-carboxy-ergosta-7,24(241)-dien-3beta-ol + NAD + H2O. [EC:1.14.13.-, GOC:pz]


24-methylenelophenol methyl oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 24-methylenelophenol + O2 + NADH + H+ <=> 4alpha-hydroxymethyl-ergosta-7,24(241)-dien-3beta-ol + NAD + H2O. [GOC:pz, PMID:11707264, RHEA:58872]


Catalysis of the reaction: a 3beta-hydroxysteroid-4alpha-carboxylate + NAD(+) = a 3-oxosteroid + CO2 + NADH. [GOC:pz, RHEA:34775]


Catalysis of the reaction: 4alpha-formyl,4beta,14alpha-dimethyl-9beta,19-cyclo-5alpha-ergost-24(241)-en-3beta-ol + NADH + O2 <=> 4alpha-carboxy-4beta,14alpha-dimethyl-9beta,19-cyclo-5alpha-ergost-24(241)-en-3beta-ol + NAD + H2O. [EC:1.14.13.-, GOC:pz]


24-methylenecycloartanol 4alpha-methyl oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 24-methylenecycloartanol + NADH + O2 + H+ <=> 4alpha-hydroxymethyl,4beta,14alpha-dimethyl-9beta,19-cyclo-5alpha-ergost-24(241)-en-3beta-ol + NAD + H2O. [EC:1.14.13.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 4alpha-hydroxymethyl,4beta,14alpha-dimethyl-9beta,19-cyclo-5alpha-ergost-24(241)-en-3beta-ol + NADH + O2 + H+ <=> 4alpha-formyl,4beta,14alpha-dimethyl-9beta,19-cyclo-5alpha-ergost-24(241)-en-3beta-ol + NAD + 2 H2O. [EC:1.14.13.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: (+)-5-epi-aristolochene + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ + 2 O2 <=> capsidiol + 2 NADP + 2 H2O. [EC:1.14.14.149, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: phenazine-1-carboxylate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> 5-methylphenazine-1-carboxylate + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine. [EC:2.1.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + an N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminyl-L-serine-[glycoprotein] <=> N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminide + a [protein]-L-serine. [EC:3.2.1.169, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + an N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminyl-L-threonine-[glycoprotein] <=> N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminide + a [protein]-L-threonine. [EC:3.2.1.169, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + (Z)-hex-3-en-1-ol <=> (3Z)-hex-3-en-1-yl acetate + coenzyme A. [GOC:pz, RHEA:28254]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-heptyl-4-quinolone + NADH + O2 + H+ <=> 2-heptyl-3-hydroxy-4-quinolone + NAD + H2O. [EC:1.14.13.182, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 8'-apo-beta,psi-caroten-8'-al + O2 <=> all-trans-retinal + 2,6-dimethylocta-2,4,6-trienedial. [EC:1.13.11.75, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: (2R)-3-sulfopropanediol(1-) + NAD <=> 2-oxo-3-hydroxy-propane-1-sulfonate + NADH + H+. [GOC:pz, PMID:20150239]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate + UDP-alpha-D-glucose <=> 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate 5-O-beta-D-glucoside + UDP + H+. [EC:2.4.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-3-sulfonatolactate + NAD <=> 3-sulfonatopyruvate(2-) + NADH + H+. [EC:1.1.1.310, GOC:pz]


8C-naringenin dibenzoylmethane tautomer glucosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4,4',6-tetrahydroxydibenzoylmethane + UDP-alpha-D-glucose <=> 8C-glucosyl-2-hydroxynaringenin + UDP + 2 H+. [EC:2.4.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-phosphatidylcholine + NADPH + O2 <=> 1-palmitoyl-2-vernoloyl-phosphatidylcholine + NADP + H2O. [EC:1.14.13.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-oxo-myristate + H+ <=> 2-tridecanone + carbon dioxide. [EC:4.1.1.56, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-oxotetradecanoyl-CoA + H2O <=> 3-oxo-myristate + coenzyme A + H+. [EC:3.1.2.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: S-[(2E,6E)-farnesyl]-L-cysteine + O2 + H2O <=> (2-trans,6-trans)-farnesal + L-cysteine + hydrogen peroxide. [EC:1.8.3.6, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate + H2O <=> (3R,6E)-nerolidol + diphosphoric acid. [GOC:pz, RHEA:27534]


carboxyspermidine dehydrogenase II activity

Catalysis of the reaction: carboxyspermidine + H2O + NADP <=> L-aspartic acid 4-semialdehyde betaine + 1,4-butanediammonium + NADPH + H+. [EC:1.5.1.43, GOC:pz]


carboxynorspermidine dehydrogenase I activity

Catalysis of the reaction: carboxynorspermidine + NADP + H2O <=> L-aspartic acid 4-semialdehyde betaine + trimethylenediaminium + NADPH + H+. [EC:1.5.1.43, GOC:pz]


[dermatan sulfate]-L-iduronyl 2-Osulfotransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phosphonato-5'-adenylyl sulfate + [dermatan]-alpha-L-iduronate <=> adenosine 3',5'-bismonophosphate + [dermatan-sulfate]-2-O-sulfo-alpha-L-iduronate. [EC:2.8.2.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: (2E,4E)-6-(2-aminophenyl)-2-hydroxy-6-oxohexa-2,4-dienoate + H2O <=> H+ + anthranilate + (2E)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate. [EC:3.7.1.13, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + teasterone + NADPH + O2 <=> 7-oxateasterone + NADP + H2O. [EC:1.14.13.-, GOC:pz]


3-epi-6-deoxocathasterone C-23 hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + 3-epi-6-deoxocathasterone + reduced (NADPH-hemoprotein reducdtase) + O2 = 6=deoxotyphasterol + oxidized (NADPH-hemoprotein reductase) + H2O. [GOC:pz, PMID:17138693, RHEA:27321]


(22S)-22-hydroxy-campest-4-en-3-one C-23 hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + (22S)-22-hydroxycampest-4-en-3-one + NADPH + O2 <=> (22R,23R)-22,23-dihydroxy-campest-4-en-3-one + NADP + H2O. [GOC:pz]


(22S)-22-hydroxy-campesterol C-23 hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + (22S)-22-hydroxycampesterol + NADPH + O2 <=> (22R,23R)-22,23-dihydroxycampesterol + NADP + H2O. [GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine + H2O <=> 7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione + ammonium. [EC:3.5.4.32, GOC:pz]


coniferyl aldehyde 5-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + coniferyl aldehyde + NADPH + O2 <=> 5-hydroxy-coniferaldehyde + NADP + H2O. [EC:1.14.13.-, GOC:pz]


gibberellin A9 16alpha,17 epoxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: gibberellin A9 + O2 + H+ + NAD(P)H <=> 16alpha, 17-epoxy gibberellin A9 + H2O + NAD(P). [EC:1.14.-.-, GOC:pz]


gibberellin A12 16alpha,17 epoxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: gibberellin A12 + O2 + H+ + NAD(P)H <=> 16alpha, 17-epoxy gibberellin A12 + H2O + NAD(P). [EC:1.14.-.-, GOC:pz]


gibberellin A4 16alpha,17 epoxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: gibberellin A4 + O2 + H+ + NAD(P)H <=> 16alpha,17-epoxy gibberellin A4 + H2O + NAD(P). [EC:1.14.-.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: dodecanoate + NADPH + O2 + H+ <=> 11-hydroxylaurate + NADP + H2O. [EC:1.14.13.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: decanoate + NADPH + O2 + H+ <=> 10-hydroxycaprate + NADP + H2O. [EC:1.14.13.-, GOC:pz]


gibberellin A20,2-oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: gibberellin A20 + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 <=> gibberellin A29 + succinate + carbon dioxide. [EC:1.14.11.-, GOC:pz]


tricaffeoyl spermidine O-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: tricaffeoyl spermidine + 3 S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> 3 H+ + triferuloyl spermidine + 3 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine. [GOC:pz, PMID:19077165]


Catalysis of the reaction: feruloylacetyl-CoA + feruloyl-CoA(4-) + H2O <=> curcumin + 2 coenzyme A(4-) + carbon dioxide. [EC:2.3.1.217, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: (4-coumaroyl)acetyl-CoA + feruloyl-CoA + H2O <=> demethoxycurcumin + 2 coenzyme A + carbon dioxide. [EC:2.3.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: (4-coumaroyl)acetyl-CoA + 4-coumaryl-CoA + H2O <=> bisdemethoxycurcumin + 2 coenzyme A + carbon dioxide. [EC:2.3.1.219, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: arsenate + mycothiol <=> mycothiol-arsenate conjugate + H2O. [EC:2.8.4.2, GOC:pz]


FAD-dependent urate hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione + NADH + H+ + O2 <=> 5-hydroxyisouric acid + NAD + H2O. [EC:1.14.13.113, GOC:pz]


(22S)-22-hydroxy-5alpha-campestan-3-one C-23 hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (5alpha,22S,24R)-22-hydroxyergostan-3-one + O2 + NADPH + H+ <=> 3-dehydro-6-deoxoteasterone + NADP + H2O. [GOC:pz, RHEA:27325]


Catalysis of the reaction: dTDP-6-deoxy-beta-L-mannose + N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminyl-diphospho-trans,octacis-decaprenol <=> dTDP(3-) + alpha-L-Rhap-(1->3)-alpha-D-GlcpNAc-1-diphospho-trans,octacis-decaprenol + H+. [EC:2.4.1.289, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a demethylmenaquinol <=> S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+ + a menaquinol. [GOC:pz, PMID:1444716, PMID:9045837, RHEA:26466]


acrylate:acyl-coA CoA transferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acryloyl-CoA + H2O <=> acrylate + coenzyme A + H+. [EC:2.3.1.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-adrenaline(1+) + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> metanephrine + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+. [EC:2.1.1.6, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzoic acid + L-glutamate + ATP <=> H+ + N-(4-hydroxybenzoyl)-L-glutamate + AMP + diphosphoric acid. [EC:6.3.-.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: benzoate + L-glutamate + ATP <=> H+ + N-benzoyl-L-glutamate + AMP + diphosphoric acid. [EC:6.3.-.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: vanillate + L-glutamate(1-) + ATP <=> H+ + N-vanillate-L-glutamate + AMP + diphosphoric acid. [EC:6.3.-.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-aminobenzoate + L-glutamate + ATP <=> H+ + p-aminobenzoyl glutamate + AMP + diphosphoric acid. [EC:6.3.-.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: L-dopa + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> 3-O-methyldopa + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+. [EC:2.1.1.6, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 7,8-dihydromonapterin <=> glycolaldehyde + 2-amino-6-(hydroxymethyl)-7,8-dihydropteridin-4-ol. [GOC:pz, PMID:15107504]


Catalysis of the reaction: 4'-demethylrebeccamycin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> H+ + rebeccamycin + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine. [EC:2.1.1.164, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: homotaurine + 2-oxoglutarate(2-) <=> 3-sulfopropanal + L-glutamate(1-). [EC:2.6.1.-, GOC:pz]


phenylacetyl-coenzyme A:glycine N-acyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: phenylacetyl-CoA + glycine <=> H+ + phenylacetylglycine + coenzyme A. [EC:2.3.1.192, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: oleamide + H2O <=> oleate + ammonium. [EC:3.5.1.99, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: beta-carotene + O2 <=> 10'-apo-beta-carotenal + beta-ionone. [EC:1.13.11.71, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: OPC4-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA <=> OPC4-trans-2-enoyl-CoA + H2O. [EC:4.2.1.17, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: OPC6-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA <=> OPC6-trans-2-enoyl-CoA + H2O. [EC:4.2.1.17, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: OPC8-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA <=> OPC8-trans-2-enoyl-CoA + H2O. [EC:4.2.1.17, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 9,10-epoxy-18-hydroxystearate + H2O <=> 9,10,18-trihydroxystearate. [EC:3.3.2.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 18-hydroxyoleate + a lipid hydroperoxide <=> 9,10-epoxy-18-hydroxystearate + a lipid alcohol. [GOC:pz, PMID:12226220, PMID:14535881, PMID:468835]


Catalysis of the reaction: 8-hydroxy-alpha-humulene + NAD <=> zerumbone + NADH + H+. [EC:1.1.1.326, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: (1E,4E,8E)-alpha-humulene + NADPH + O2 + H+ <=> 10-hydroxy-alpha-humulene + NADP + H2O. [EC:1.14.14.113, GOC:pz]


geranylgeranyl diphosphate reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (E)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadec-2-en-1-yl diphosphate + 3 NADP <=> 2-trans,6-trans,10-trans-geranylgeranyl diphosphate + 3 NADPH + 3 H+. [EC:1.3.1.83, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate <=> diphosphoric acid + gamma-patchoulene. [EC:4.2.3.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate <=> gamma-curcumene + diphosphoric acid. [EC:4.2.3.94, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate(3-) <=> diphosphoric acid + (-)-beta-curcumene. [EC:4.2.3.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-cis,6-cis-farnesyl diphosphate <=> (+)-alpha-santalene + diphosphoric acid. [EC:4.2.3.50, GOC:pz]


(+)-endo-beta-bergamotene synthase ((2Z,6Z)-farnesyl diphosphate cyclizing)

(2Z,6Z)-farnesyl diphosphate <=> (+)-endo-beta-bergamotene

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-cis,6-cis-farnesyl diphosphate <=> (+)-endo-beta-bergamotene + diphosphoric acid. [GOC:pz, RHEA:30467]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-cis,6-cis-farnesyl diphosphate <=> (-)-endo-alpha-bergamotene + diphosphoric acid. [GOC:pz, RHEA:30471]


2-cis,6-cis-farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: dimethylallyl diphosphate + 2 isopentenyl diphosphate <=> 2 diphosphate + (2Z,6Z)-farnesyl diphosphate. [GOC:pz, RHEA:27810]


Catalysis of the reaction: L-leucine + ATP(4-) + a jasmonic acid <=> AMP(2-) + diphosphoric acid + a jasmonoyl-leucine. [GOC:pz, PMID:17291501]


Catalysis of the reaction: L-valine + ATP(4-) + a jasmonic acid <=> AMP(2-) + diphosphoric acid + a jasmonoyl-valine. [GOC:pz, PMID:17291501]


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-maleylpyruvate(2-) + H2O <=> H+ + maleate(2-) + pyruvate. [GOC:pz, PMID:7400101, RHEA:47956]


Catalysis of the reaction: (-)-jasmonate + L-isoleucine + ATP(4-) <=> H+ + (-)-jasmonoyl-L-isoleucine + AMP(2-) + diphosphoric acid. [GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: indole-3-acetate + L-proline + ATP(4-) <=> H+ + indole-3-acetyl-proline + AMP(2-) + diphosphoric acid. [EC:6.3.-.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: indole-3-acetate + L-tryptophan + ATP(4-) <=> H+ + indole-3-acetyl-tryptophan + AMP(2-) + diphosphoric acid. [EC:6.3.-.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: indole-3-acetate + L-tyrosine + ATP(4-) <=> H+ + indole-3-acetyl-tyrosine + AMP(2-) + diphosphoric acid. [EC:6.3.-.-, GOC:pz]


Catalysis of the reaction: indole-3-acetate + L-methionine + ATP(4-) <=> H+ + indole-3-acetyl-methionine + AMP(2-) + diphosphoric acid. [GOC:pz, PMID:15659623]


Catalysis of the reaction: indole-3-acetate + L-isoleucine + ATP(4-) <=> H+ + indole-3-acetyl-isoleucine + AMP(2-) + diphosphoric acid. [GOC:pz, PMID:15659623]


Catalysis of the reaction: indole-3-acetate + glycine + ATP(4-) <=> H+ + indole-3-acetyl-glycine + AMP(2-) + diphosphoric acid. [GOC:pz, PMID:15659623]


Catalysis of the reaction: isopentenyl phosphate(2-) + ATP(4-) <=> isopentenyl diphosphate(3-) + ADP(3-). [GOC:pz, PMID:19928876, RHEA:33963]


Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + NAD + an alcohol <=> NADH + H+ + an organic hydroperoxide. [GOC:pz, PMID:12517450]


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-nitrobenzyl alcohol + O2 <=> 4-nitrobenzaldehyde + hydrogen peroxide. [GOC:pz]


The modification of a tRNA anticodon loop by replacing guanine with queuonine. Reaction is tRNA guanine + queuine = tRNA queuine + guanine. [GOC:PomBase, GOC:vw, PMID:24911101]


negative regulation of surface tension of a liquid

negative regulation of liquid surface tension

Any process that prevents or reduces the surface tension of a liquid. [GOC:sl, PMID:20949060]


positive regulation of surface tension of a liquid

positive regulation of liquid surface tension

Any process that activates or increases the surface tension of a liquid. [GOC:sl, PMID:20949060]


The regrowth of axons of the optical nerve following their loss or damage. [GOC:pga, PMID:16699509]


nuclear membrane biogenesis involved in mitotic nuclear division

A process in which the nuclear inner or outer membrane is synthesized, aggregates, and bonds together during mitotic nuclear division. [GOC:vw, PMID:26869222]


The process in which a nuclear membrane is synthesized, aggregates, and bonds together. [GOC:vw]


nuclear membrane organization involved in mitotic nuclear division

A mitotic cell cycle process which results in the assembly, arrangement, or disassembly of the nuclear inner or outer membrane during mitosis. [GOC:vw, PMID:15147872]


The multiplication or reproduction of blood vessel endothelial cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_telomere, GOC:nc, PMID:23201774]


Catalysis of the reaction: estrogen + donor-H2 + O2 = 2-hydroxyestrogen + H2O. [GOC:BHF, GOC:rl, PMID:14559847]


Catalysis of the reaction: estrogen + donor-H2 + O2 = 16-alpha-hydroxyestrogen + H2O. [GOC:BHF]


negative regulation of late replication origin firing

negative regulation of mitotic DNA replication initiation from late origin

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of firing from a late origin of replication involved in mitotic DNA replication. [PMID:26436827]


regulation of late replication origin firing

regulation of mitotic DNA replication initiation from late origin

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of firing from a late origin of replication involved in mitotic DNA replication. [PMID:26436827]


intracellularly ATP-gated ion channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when ATP has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts on the intracellular side of the plasma membrane. [PMID:9755289]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a protozoan. [GOC:dos]


cheating during chimeric sorocarp development

Any process during chimeric sorocarp development that increases by which a cell increases the number of spore cells sharing its genotype at the expense of cells of other genotypes. [PMID:18272966]


fully co-operative, chimeric sorocarp development

altruistic, chimeric sorocarp development

Development of a chimeric sorocarp in which cells of all genotypes have an equal chance of becoming a spore cell. [PMID:18272966]


fully co-operative, chimeric, non-reproductive fruiting body development

altruistic, chimeric, non-reproductive fruiting body development

Development of a chimeric, non-reproductive fruiting body in which cells of all genotypes have an equal chance of becoming a spore cell. [PMID:18272966]


chimeric non-reproductive fruiting body development

Development of a non-reproductive fruiting body formed by aggregation of cells with different genotypes. [PMID:18272966]


Development of a sorocarp formed by aggregation of cells with different genotypes. [PMID:18272966]


ATP hydrolysis coupled anion transmembrane transport


ATP hydrolysis coupled cation transmembrane transport


ATP hydrolysis coupled ion transmembrane transport


cochlear outer hair cell electromotile response

A rapid, force generating length change of an outer hair cell in response to electical stimulation. This occurs naturally as during hearing where it serves a source of mechanical amplification. [PMID:12239568, PMID:16887876, PMID:2187727]


envenomation resulting in positive regulation of argininosuccinate synthase activity in other organism

envenomation resulting in positive regulation of argininosuccinate synthase activity in another organism

A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the activation of the cytosolic argininosuccinate synthase in the bitten organism. [PMID:19491403]


axonal dopamine release
axonal DA release

The regulated release of dopamine from an axon. [GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, PMID:21576241]


somatodendritic dopamine release
STD DA release
STD dopamine release

The regulated release of dopamine from the somatodendritic compartment (cell body or dendrites) of a neuron. [GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, PMID:21576241]


RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain binding

Binding to the C-terminal domain (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II. The CTD is comprised of repeats of a heptapeptide with the consensus sequence YSPTSPS. The number of repeats varies with the species and a minimum number of repeats is required for RNAP II function. [PMID:20889714]


The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a fungal sorus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A fungal sorus is a spore containing structure. [GOC:dos]


socially co-operative development
colonial development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a non-reproductive fruiting body over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A non-reproductive fruiting body is a colonial multicellular structure consisting of co-operating unicellular organisms, some of which are spores. An example of such a process is found in Dictyostelium discoideum and Myxococcus xanthus colonies. [GOC:pf, PMID:12448714]


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 3-demethylubiquinol-8 = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + ubiquinol-8. [GOC:ic]


protein transport along microtubule to cell tip

The movement of a protein along a microtubule to the cell-tip, mediated by motor proteins. [PMID:15177031]


The process in which the 5' end of a pre-tRNA molecule is converted to that of a mature tRNA. [GOC:dos, GOC:pf, PMID:27484477]


A region of the chromosome, adjacent to the telomere (on the centromeric side) that contains repetitive DNA and sometimes genes. This region is usually heterochromatin. [GOC:mah, PMID:18761674, PMID:22771823, PMID:26205977, PMID:7660126]


negative regulation of presynaptic cytosolic calcium concentration

Any process that decreases the concentration of calcium ions in the presynaptic cytosol. [GOC:dos]


microtubule polymerization based protein transport

The transport of a protein driven by polymerization of a microtubule to which it is attached. [GOC:dos, GOC:vw, PMID:11018050]


microtubule polymerization based protein transport to cell tip cortex

The transport of a protein to the cortex of the cell tip, driven by polymerization of a microtubule to which the protein is attached. [GOC:dos, GOC:vw, PMID:11018050]


potassium channel activating, G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway

potassium channel activating, G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G protein-coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand, where the pathway proceeds activation of a potassium ion channel. [GOC:dos, PMID:9429760]


potassium channel activator activity involved in G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway

potassium channel activator activity involved in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway

Activation potassium ion channel activity via direct interaction with a potassium ion channel during G protein-coupled receptor signaling. [PMID:9429760]


ion channel regulator activity involved in G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway

ion channel regulator activity involved in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway

Modulation of the activity of an ion channel via direct interaction with it as part of G protein-coupled receptor signaling. [GOC:dos]


Modulates the activity of a channel via direct interaction with it. A channel catalyzes energy-independent facilitated diffusion, mediated by passage of a solute through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel. [GOC:dos]


ion channel modulating, G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway

ion channel modulating, G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G protein-coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand, where the pathway proceeds through activation or inhibition of an ion channel. [GOC:dos]


Binds to and increases the activity of a potassium channel, resulting in its opening. [GOC:dos]


Direct interaction with a channel (binding or modification), resulting in its opening. A channel catalyzes energy-independent facilitated diffusion, mediated by passage of a solute through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel. [GOC:dos]


G-protein gated potassium channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential

Any G-protein gated potassium channel activity that is involved regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential. [GOC:dos, PMID:9429760]


G-protein gated potassium channel activity

A potassium channel activity that is gated by binding of a G-protein beta-gamma dimer. [GOC:dos, PMID:9429760]


A cation channel activity that is gated by binding of a G-protein beta-gamma dimer. [GOC:dos]


An ion channel activity that is gated by binding of a G-protein beta-gamma dimer. [GOC:dos]


microtubule polymerization based movement

The movement of a cellular component as a result of microtubule polymerization. [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194]


The giant, cup-shaped axon terminal of a vestibular afferent neuron, serving as a post-synaptic contact to a type I hair cell. [PMID:10706428, PMID:25355208]


Enables the transmembrane transfer of an inorganic anion by a channel that opens when a specific ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


Enables the transmembrane transfer of an inorganic cation by a channel that opens when a specific ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


calcium ion transmembrane export from mitochondrion

A process in which a calcium ion (Ca2+) is transported out of the mitochondrial matrix, and into the cytosol. [GOC:dos, GOC:vw]


postsynaptic density, intracellular component

A network of proteins adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane forming an electron dense disc. Its major components include neurotransmitter receptors and the proteins that spatially and functionally organize neurotransmitter receptors in the adjacent membrane, such as anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components. [GOC:dos]


postsynaptic specialization, intracellular component

A network of proteins adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane. Its major components include the proteins that spatially and functionally organize neurotransmitter receptors in the adjacent membrane, such as anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components. [GOC:dos]


axonal transport of messenger ribonucleoprotein complex

The directed movement of a messenger ribonucleoprotein complex along microtubules in axons. [GOC:dos, PMID:26586091]


anterograde axonal transport of mRNA RNP complex

anterograde axonal transport of messenger ribonucleoprotein complex

The directed movement of a messenger ribonucleoprotein complex along microtubules in axons, towards the presynapse. [GOC:dos, PMID:26586091]


A proteinaceous scaffold found between homologous chromosomes during meiosis. [GOC:elh, GOC:vw]


differentiation-inducing factor dechlorinase activity

differentiation-inducing factor 1 dechlorinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 1-[(3,5-dichloro-2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxy)phenyl]hexan-1-one => 1-[(3-chloro-2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxy)phenyl]hexan-1-one + Cl-. [PMID:1521542, PMID:22035794]


retrograde trans-synaptic signaling by neuropeptide, modulating synaptic transmission

Modulation of synaptic transmittion by cell-cell signaling across the synaptic cleft from postsynapse to presynapse, mediated by a neuropeptide. [GOC:bf, GOC:dos, GOC:PARL, PMID:19448629]


retrograde trans-synaptic signaling by neuropeptide

Cell-cell signaling from postsynapse to presynapse, across the synaptic cleft, mediated by a neuropeptide. [GOC:bf, GOC:dos, GOC:PARL, PMID:19448629]


A polymeric supramolecular structure. [GOC:dos]


An amorphous cytoskeletal structure consisting of aggregated actin filaments and associated proteins (including fibrin and capping protein) in which there is little or no actin filament turnover. In yeast (S. pombe and S. cerevisiae) these are found only in quiescent cells and are thought to serve as a reserve store of actin. [PMID:16914523]


DNA-binding activity that is dependent on binding to a histone. [PMID:11691835]


Transport from the mitochondrion to the peroxisome, mediated by mitochondrion-derived vesicles. [GOC:bc, GOC:pad, GOC:PARL-UCL, PMID:20619655]


mitochondrion-derived vesicle mediated transport

Transport from the mitochondrion, mediated by mitochondrion derived vesicles. [GOC:bc, GOC:pad, GOC:PARL-UCL, PMID:2061965, PMID:20619655]


Transport from the mitochondrion to the lysosome, mediated by mitochondrion-derived vesicles. [GOC:bc, GOC:pad, GOC:PARL-UCL, PMID:20619655]


regulation of postsynaptic membrane neurotransmitter receptor levels

Any process that regulates the the local concentration of neurotransmitter receptor at the postsynaptic membrane. [GOC:dos]


A microtubule bundle that undergoes changes in length, and in which microtubule sliding takes place. [GOC:vw, PMID:26124291]


A microtubule bundle that has a constant length, and in which microtubule sliding does not take place. [GOC:vw, PMID:26124291]


synaptic vesicle tethering involved in synaptic vesicle exocytosis

The initial, indirect interaction between a synaptic vesicle membrane and a the preseynaptic membrane active zone. This interaction is mediated by tethering factors (or complexes), which interact with both membranes. This process is distinct from and prior to synaptic vesicle priming and fusion. [GOC:rn]


The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a postsynapse. [GOC:bf, GOC:dos, GOCL:PARL]


integral component of presynaptic endosome membrane

The component of the presynaptic endosome membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. [GOC:dos]


integral component of spine apparatus membrane

The component of the spine apparatus membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. [GOC:dos]


integral component of postsynaptic endosome membrane

The component of the postsynaptic endosome membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. [GOC:dos]


integral component of postsynaptic recycling endosome membrane

The component of the postsynaptic recycling endosome membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. [GOC:dos]


integral component of postsynaptic early endosome membrane

The component of the postsynaptic early endosome membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. [GOC:dos]


integral component of postsynaptic density membrane

The component of the postsynaptic density membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. [GOC:dos]


integral component of postsynaptic specialization membrane

The component of the postsynaptic specialization membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. [GOC:dos]


integral component of presynaptic active zone membrane

The component of the presynaptic active zone membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. [GOC:dos]


integral component of postsynaptic endocytic zone membrane

The component of the postsynaptic endocytic zone membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. [GOC:dos]


integral component of presynaptic endocytic zone membrane

The component of the presynaptic endocytic zone membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. [GOC:dos]


integral component of presynaptic plasma membrane

integral component of presynaptic membrane

The component of the presynaptic membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. [GOC:dos]


integral component of postsynaptic membrane

The component of the postsynaptic membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. [GOC:dos]


presynaptic terminal assembly
presynapse biogenesis

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a presynapse. [GOC:bf, GOC:dos, GOC:PARL, PMID:24449494]


vesicle scission involved in clathrin-mediated endocytosis

The membrane scission process that is the final step in the formation of a clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle: separation from the plasma membrane. [PMID:21779028]


vesicle scission involved in endocytosis

The membrane scission process that is the final step in the formation of an endocytic vesicle: separation from the plasma membrane. [PMID:21779028]


clathrin coat assembly involved in endocytosis

The process that results in the assembly of clathrin triskelia into a clathrin cage during endocytosis. Clathrin is recruited to the plasma membrane via interaction with scaffolding proteins that bridge between clathtin and cell surface receptors. Clathrin coat formation is concomittant with coated pit formation leading to endocytic vesicle formation. [PMID:21779028]


A defense process that protects an organism from invading foreign RNA. [GO:dos]


clearance of foreign intracellular nucleic acids

A defense process that protects an organism from DNA or RNA from an invading organism. [GO:dos]


The process whereby a filamentous phage particle is released from a bacterial host cell via a concerted mechanism of assembly and secretion. Neosynthesized virions are coordinately exported as they are assembled at the cell surface in a secretory process that leaves the host cell fully viable. Non-capsid proteins form structures that facilitate translocation through the inner membrane and outer membranes. A viral single-stranded DNA binding protein coats progeny viral DNA molecules to generate the intracellular precursor for assembly of phage particles as they are extruded through the membranes of the bacterial host. The structural proteins of the virus are anchored in the inner membrane before their incorporation into the phage particle. As assembly proceeds, the phage genome traverses the inner and outer membranes until the entire DNA molecule has been coated and extruded. [PMID:15567492, VZ:3951]


vesicle tethering to endoplasmic reticulum

The initial, indirect interaction between a transport vesicle membrane and the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum. This interaction is mediated by tethering factors (or complexes), which interact with both membranes. Interaction can occur via direct binding to membrane phospholipids or membrane proteins, or via binding to vesicle coat proteins. This process is distinct from and prior fusion. [PMID:27243008]


cargo loading involved in clathrin-dependent endocytosis

Formation of a macromolecular complex during clathrin-dependent endocytosis that connects the assembling clathrin coat to the proteins and/or lipoproteins to be transported in an endocytic vesicle. This complex includes a receptor and an adaptor protein that links the receptor to the clathrin coat. [GOC:dos, GOC:lb, GOC:vw, PMID:21779028]


The first step in clathrin-dependent endocytosis: invagination of the plasma membrane to form a pit. [GOC:dos, GOC:vw, PMID:21779028]


The initial, indirect interaction between a transport vesicle membrane and the membrane of the Golgi. This interaction is mediated by tethering factors (or complexes), which interact with both membranes. Interaction can occur via direct binding to membrane phospholipids or membrane proteins, or via binding to vesicle coat proteins. This process is distinct from and prior fusion. [PMID:27243008]


The movement of a ceramide molecule from one leaflet of a membrane bilayer to the opposite leaflet. [GOC:BHF, GOC:rl]


The movement of a sphingolipid molecule from one leaflet of a membrane bilayer to the opposite leaflet. [GOC:BHF, GOC:rl]


anchored component of presynaptic endosome membrane

The component of the presynaptic endosome membrane consisting of the gene products that are tethered to the membrane only by a covalently attached anchor, such as a lipid group that is embedded in the membrane. Gene products with peptide sequences that are embedded in the membrane are excluded from this grouping. [GOC:dos]


anchored component of neuronal dense core vesicle membrane

The component of the neuronal dense core vesicle membrane consisting of the gene products that are tethered to the membrane only by a covalently attached anchor, such as a lipid group that is embedded in the membrane. Gene products with peptide sequences that are embedded in the membrane are excluded from this grouping. [GOC:dos]


anchored component of spine apparatus membrane

The component of the spine apparatus membrane consisting of the gene products that are tethered to the membrane only by a covalently attached anchor, such as a lipid group that is embedded in the membrane. Gene products with peptide sequences that are embedded in the membrane are excluded from this grouping. [GOC:dos]


anchored component of postsynaptic endosome membrane

The component of the postsynaptic endosome membrane consisting of the gene products that are tethered to the membrane only by a covalently attached anchor, such as a lipid group that is embedded in the membrane. Gene products with peptide sequences that are embedded in the membrane are excluded from this grouping. [GOC:dos]


anchored component of postsynaptic recycling endosome membrane

The component of the postsynaptic recycling endosome membrane consisting of the gene products that are tethered to the membrane only by a covalently attached anchor, such as a lipid group that is embedded in the membrane. Gene products with peptide sequences that are embedded in the membrane are excluded from this grouping. [GOC:dos]


anchored component of postsynaptic early endosome membrane

The component of the postsynaptic early endosome membrane consisting of the gene products that are tethered to the membrane only by a covalently attached anchor, such as a lipid group that is embedded in the membrane. Gene products with peptide sequences that are embedded in the membrane are excluded from this grouping. [GOC:dos]


anchored component of postsynaptic density membrane

The component of the postsynaptic density membrane consisting of the gene products that are tethered to the membrane only by a covalently attached anchor, such as a lipid group that is embedded in the membrane. Gene products with peptide sequences that are embedded in the membrane are excluded from this grouping. [GOC:dos]


anchored component of postsynaptic specialization membrane

The component of the postsynaptic specialization membrane consisting of the gene products that are tethered to the membrane only by a covalently attached anchor, such as a lipid group that is embedded in the membrane. Gene products with peptide sequences that are embedded in the membrane are excluded from this grouping. [GOC:dos]


anchored component of presynaptic active zone membrane

The component of the presynaptic active zone membrane consisting of the gene products that are tethered to the membrane only by a covalently attached anchor, such as a lipid group that is embedded in the membrane. Gene products with peptide sequences that are embedded in the membrane are excluded from this grouping. [GOC:dos]


anchored component of postynaptic endocytic zone membrane

The component of the postynaptic endocytic zone membrane consisting of the gene products that are tethered to the membrane only by a covalently attached anchor, such as a lipid group that is embedded in the membrane. Gene products with peptide sequences that are embedded in the membrane are excluded from this grouping. [GOC:dos]


anchored component of presynaptic endocytic zone membrane

The component of the presynaptic endocytic zone membrane consisting of the gene products that are tethered to the membrane only by a covalently attached anchor, such as a lipid group that is embedded in the membrane. Gene products with peptide sequences that are embedded in the membrane are excluded from this grouping. [GOC:dos]


anchored component of presynaptic plasma membrane

anchored component of presynaptic membrane

The component of the presynaptic membrane consisting of the gene products that are tethered to the membrane only by a covalently attached anchor, such as a lipid group that is embedded in the membrane. Gene products with peptide sequences that are embedded in the membrane are excluded from this grouping. [GOC:dos]


anchored component of postsynaptic membrane

The component of the postsynaptic membrane consisting of the gene products that are tethered to the membrane only by a covalently attached anchor, such as a lipid group that is embedded in the membrane. Gene products with peptide sequences that are embedded in the membrane are excluded from this grouping. [GOC:dos]


The initial, indirect interaction between a vesicle membrane and a membrane to which it is targeted for fusion. This interaction is mediated by tethering factors (or complexes), which interact with both membranes. Interaction can occur via direct binding to membrane phospholipids or membrane proteins, or via binding to vesicle coat proteins. This process is distinct from and prior to interaction between factors involved in fusion. [PMID:27243008]


The volume enclosed by the membranes of the cortical endoplasmic reticulum. [GOC:dos, GOC:vw]


The volume enclosed by the membranes of the perinuclear endoplasmic reticulum. [GOC:dos, GOC:vw]


restriction-modification system evasion by virus

evasion by virus of host restriction-modification system

Any process, either active or passive, by which a virus evades the DNA restriction modification system of its host. Some viruses encode their own methyltransferase in order to protect their genome from host restriction enzymes. Others directly inhibit restruction enzymes while some use unusual bases in their genome to avoid restriction. [PMID:20348932, PMID:23979432, PMID:24123737, VZ:3966]


A process by which a virus evades and ends degradation of its DNA when free viral-DNA ends are exposed as part of its life-cycle. For example, some bacteriophages encode proteins that bind to free viral DNA ends, protecting them from degradation by host exonucleases. [GOC:dos]


The catabolic breakdown of the DNA of a host chromosome by a virus. This occurs during infection of bacteria by some phages. It frees up a large pool of nucleoside 5'-triphophates for use in viral DNA synthesis. [PMID:163355, PMID:335083, PMID:3972821, PMID:5263754, VZ:3947]


neuronal dense core vesicle organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a neuronal dense core vesicle. [GOC:dos]


The volume enclosed by a neuronal dense core vesicle membrane. [GOC:dos]


The lipid bilayer surrounding a neuronal dense core vesicle. [GOC:dos]


The secretion of molecules (e.g. neuropeptides, insulin-related peptides or neuromodulators such as serotonin and dopamine) contained within a neuronal dense core vesicle by fusion of the granule with the plasma membrane of a neuron in response to increased cytosolic calcium levels. [GOC:kmv, PMID:17553987, PMID:24653208]


The circularization of a viral genome following infection of a host cell. This is common amongst bacterial viruses to protect the viral genome ends from nucleases, to convert the linear genome to an integrative precursor or to give rise to the replicative form of the genome. It can be mediated by covalent closure of the DNA sticky ends, recombinaison between redundant terminal sequences or via the binding of a protein at the viral DNA extremities. [PMID:11894948, PMID:15489417, PMID:19523475, PMID:319596, VZ:3968]


viral entry via permeabilization of inner membrane

The entry of a non-enveloped virus into the cytoplasm of a host prokaryotic cell, following fusion with the outer membrane, via permeabilization of the plasma (inner) membrane. In the case of some double stranded RNA viruses of prokaryotes this occurs via interaction of a membrane-interacting component of the capsid, leading to depolarization an permeabilization of the plasma membrane. [PMID:15795287, PMID:20427561, VZ:985]


extrinsic component of presynaptic endosome membrane

The component of the presynaptic endosome membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region. [GOC:autophagy, GOC:mf]


viral entry via permeabilization of endosomal membrane

The entry of a non-enveloped virus into a host eukaryotic cell, following endocytosis, via permeabilization of the endosomal membrane by membrane penetration protein(s) associated with the viral capsid. In some cases, viral membrane-penetration protein require first to be activated to display its membrane penetrating activity. Activation can be due to receptor binding or the acidic pH of the endosomal lumen. [PMID:15329727, PMID:25055856, VZ:985]


extrinsic component of postsynaptic recycling endosome membrane

The component of the postsynaptic recycling endosome membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region. [GOC:autophagy, GOC:mf]


calmodulin dependent kinase signaling pathway

Any signal transduction pathway involving calmodulin dependent kinase activity. [GOC:dos]


Any vesicle-mediated transport that occurs in a synapse. [GOC:dos]


viral genome ejection through host cell envelope, short tail mechanism

Ejection by a non-enveloped prokaryotic virus of its genome into the host cytoplasm via a short tail ejection system consisting a central tube, the connector which attaches the tail to the phage capsid and releases inner core proteins. Upon binding to the host cell surface, the phage displays a tube-like extension of its short tail that penetrates both host membranes. This tail extension comes from the release of viral core proteins with channel forming properties. [GOC:dos, PMID:22297513, VZ:3954]


viral long flexible tail ejection system

viral genome ejection through host cell envelope, long flexible tail mechanism

Ejection by a non-enveloped prokaryotic virus of its genome into the host cytoplasm via a long, flexible tail ejection system consisting a baseplate, a central tube and a terminator complex which attaches the tail to the phage capsid. Upon binding to the host cell surface, the baseplate changes its conformation and triggers genome ejection into the host cell cytoplasm. [GOC:dos, PMID:22297512, VZ:3952]


viral genome ejection through host cell envelope, contractile tail mechanism

Ejection by a non-enveloped prokaryotic virus of its genome into the host cytoplasm via a contractile tail ejection system consisting of a baseplate, a central tube and an external contractile sheath. Upon binding to the host cell surface, the baseplate changes its conformation and triggers sheath contraction, driving the rigid internal tail tube through the cell envelope. [GOC:dos, PMID:26283379, VZ:3950]


extrinsic component of postsynaptic endosome membrane

The component of the postsynaptic endosome membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region. [GOC:autophagy, GOC:mf]


extrinsic component of postsynaptic early endosome membrane

The component of the postsynaptic early endosome membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region. [GOC:autophagy, GOC:mf]


viral envelope fusion with host outer membrane

fusion of virus membrane with host outer membrane

Fusion of a viral membrane with the host cell outer membrane during viral entry. [GOC:dos, VZ:3941]


degradation of host capsule during virus entry

degradation of host glycocalyx during viral entry

catabolism of host glycocalyx during viral entry

disassembly of glycocalyx during viral entry

disruption of host cell glycocalyx during viral entry

The disruption of host cell glycocalyx by viral proteins during virus entry. [GOC:dos]


degradation of host lipopolysaccharide during virus entry

degradation of host cell envelope lipopolysaccharide during viral entry

disruption by virus of host envelope lipopolysaccharide during virus entry

The breakdown of lipopolysaccharides in a host cell envelope during virus entry into a host cell. For example a phage entering a gram-negative bacterium may actively break down outer membrane lipopolysaccharides. [GOC:dos, VZ:3940]


disruption of host cell envelope during viral entry

The disruption of host cell envelope by viral proteins during virus entry. [GOC:dos]


anchored component of synaptic vesicle membrane

The component of the synaptic vesicle membrane consisting of the gene products that are tethered to the membrane only by a covalently attached anchor, such as a lipid group that is embedded in the membrane. Gene products with peptide sequences that are embedded in the membrane are excluded from this grouping. [GOC:dos]


A dense core vesicle (granule) that is part of a neuron. These vesicles typically contain neuropeptides. They can be found in all parts of neurons, including the soma, dendrites, axonal swellings (varicosities) and synaptic terminals. [GOC:dos, ISBN:978-0-07-181001-2, Wikipedia:Neuropeptide&oldid=713905176]


kainate selective glutamate receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by glutamate binding to an kainate-selective glutamate receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by the movement of ions through a channel in the receptor complex, ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. [GOC:signaling, ISBN:9780071120005]


AMPA selective glutamate receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by glutamate binding to an AMPA-selective glutamate receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by the movement of ions through a channel in the receptor complex, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. [GOC:dos, ISBN:9780071120005]


NMDA selective glutamate receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by glutamate binding to an NMDA-selective glutamate receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by the movement of ions through a channel in the receptor complex, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. [GOC:dos, ISBN:9780071120005]


G-protein coupled glutamate receptor activity

G protein-coupled glutamate receptor activity

Combining with glutamate and transmitting a signal from one side of the membrane to the other by activating an associated G-protein, initiating a change in cell activity. [GOC:dos]


regulation of modification of synapse structure, modulating synaptic transmission

Any process that regulates the modification of synaptic structure and as a result regulates synaptic transmission. [GOC:dos]


asymmetric, glutamatergic, excitatory synapse

A neuron to neuron synapse with a postsynaptic density, that uses glutamate as a neurotransmitter and whose activity results in excitatory postsynaptic potentials. [GOC:dos]


A synapse in which pre and post-synaptic cells are neurons. [GOC:dos]


symmetric, GABA-ergic, inhibitory synapse

A neuron to neuron synapse that lacks an electron dense postsynaptic specialization, uses GABA as a neurotransmitter and whose activity results in inhibitory postsynaptic potentials. [GOC:dos]


A synapse that uses GABA as a neurotransmitter. These synapses are typically inhibitory. [GOC:dos]


A synapse that uses acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter. [GOC:dos]


An electron dense specialization of the presynaptic active zone cytoskeleton. [GOC:dos, PMID:26780543]


A synapse consisting of a single presynapse and multiple postsynapses. These postsynapses may come from the same cell of from different cells. Polyadic synapses are common in arthropod and nematode central nervous systems. [PMID:26780543]


A synapse that uses glutamate as a neurotransmitter. [GOC:dos]


inhibitory chemical synaptic transmission

Synaptic transmission that results in an inhibitory postsynaptic potential. [GOC:dos]


excitatory chemical synaptic transmission

Synaptic transmission that results in an excitatory postsynaptic potential. [GOC:dos]


The postsynapse of a neuromuscular junction. In vertebrate muscles this includes the motor end-plate, consisting of postjunctional folds of the sarcolemma. [GOC:dos, Wikipedia:Neuromuscular_junction&oldid=723623502]


postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins in the postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton. [GOC:dos]


structural constituent of postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton

The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton. [GOC:dos]


anterograde dendritic transport of neurotransmitter receptor complex

The directed movement of a neurotransmitter receptor complex along microtubules in nerve cell dendrites towards the postsynapse. [GOC:dos]


postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor diffusion trapping

The process by which diffusing neurotransmitter receptor becomes trapped at the postsynaptic specialization membrane. This is typically due to interaction with components of the post-synaptic specialization. [PMID:18832033]


neurotransmitter receptor transport to postsynaptic membrane

The directed movement of neurotransmitter receptor to the postsynaptic membrane in transport vesicles. [GOC:dos]


neurotransmitter receptor transport postsynaptic membrane to endosome

Vesicle-mediated transport of a neurotransmitter receptor complex from the postsynaptic membrane to the postsynaptic early endosome. [GOC:dos]


exocytic insertion of neurotransmitter receptor to postsynaptic membrane

The exocytic fusion of neurotransmitter receptor containing vesicles with the postsynaptic membrane resulting in the integration of NT receptors, enabling them to participate in neurotransmitter reception. This process includes tethering and docking steps that prepare vesicles for fusion. [PMID:19503082]


ECM of synaptic cleft
synaptic cleft ECM

The portion of the extracellular matrix that lies within the synaptic cleft. [GOC:dos]


anterograde dendritic transport of mRNA RNP complex

anterograde dendritic transport of messenger ribonucleoprotein complex

The directed movement of a messenger ribonucleoprotein complex along microtubules in nerve cell dendrites towards the postsynapse. [GOC:dos]


dendritic transport of messenger ribonucleoprotein complex

The directed movement of a messenger ribonucleoprotein complex along microtubules in nerve cell dendrites. [GOC:dos]


regulation of postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neurotransmitter receptor activity involved in synaptic transmission. Modulation may be via an effect on ligand affinity, or effector funtion such as ion selectivity or pore opening/closing in ionotropic receptors. [GOC:dos]


dendritic transport of ribonucleoprotein complex

The directed movement of a ribonucleoprotein complex along microtubules in nerve cell dendrites. [GOC:dos]


neurotransmitter receptor activity involved in chemical synaptic transmission

postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor activity

Neurotransmitter receptor activity occuring in the postsynaptic membrane during synaptic transmission. [GOC:dos, GOC:signaling]


intrinsic to presynaptic endosome membrane

intrinsic component of presynaptic endosome membrane

The component of the presynaptic endosome membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having either part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor that is similarly embedded in the membrane. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah]


The lipid bilayer surrounding a presynaptic endosome. [GOC:pz]


The process by which a membrane receptor, diffusing freely within the plasma membeane, becomes trapped in some plasma membrane region. This can happen when a receptor bind, directly or indirectly, to some component of the underlying matrix. [PMID:18832033]


intrinsic component of spine apparatus membrane

The component of the spine apparatus membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having either part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor that is similarly embedded in the membrane. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah]


intrinsic to postsynaptic recycling endosome membrane

intrinsic component of postsynaptic recycling endosome membrane

The component of the postsynaptic recycling endosome membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having either part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor that is similarly embedded in the membrane. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah]


intrinsic component of postsynaptic early endosome membrane

The component of the postsynaptic early endosome membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having either part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor that is similarly embedded in the membrane. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah]


intrinsic component of postsynaptic endosome membrane

The component of the postsynaptic endosome membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having either part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor that is similarly embedded in the membrane. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah]


intrinsic component of postsynaptic specialization membrane

The component of the postsynaptic specialization membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having either part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor that is similarly embedded in the membrane. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah]


intrinsic component of postsynaptic endocytic zone membrane

The component of the postsynaptic endocytic zone membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having either part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor that is similarly embedded in the membrane. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah]


intrinsic component of presynaptic endocytic zone membrane

The component of the presynaptic endocytic zone membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having either part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor that is similarly embedded in the membrane. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah]


intrinsic component of presynaptic active zone membrane

The component of the presynaptic active zone membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having either part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor that is similarly embedded in the membrane. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah]


postsynaptic recycling endosome membrane

The lipid bilayer surrounding a postsynaptic recycling endosome. [GOC:pz]


The directed movement of mitochondria along microtubules in nerve cell dendrites. [GOC:ai]


The directed movement of organelles or molecules along microtubules from the cell body toward the postsynapse in dendrites. [ISBN:0815316194]


intrinsic component of postsynaptic membrane

The component of the postsynaptic membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having either part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor that is similarly embedded in the membrane. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah]


The directed movement of organelles or molecules along microtubules in dendrites. [ISBN:0815316194]


The directed movement of organelles or molecules along microtubules in a dendrite from the postsynapse towards the cell body. [GOC:dos]


extrinsic component of spine apparatus membrane

The component of the spine apparatus membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region. [GOC:dos]


extrinsic component of dense core granule membrane

The component of the dense core granule membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region. [GOC:dos]


The volume enclosed by the spine apparatus membrane. [GOC:dos]


The volume enclosed by the dense core granule membrane. [GOC:dos]


The lipid bilayer surrounding the spine apparatus. [GOC:mah]


The lipid bilayer surrounding a postsynaptic early endosome. [GOC:pz]


The lipid bilayer surrounding a postsynaptic endosome. [GOC:pz]


extrinsic component of presynaptic endocytic zone membrane

The component of the presynaptic endocytic zone membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region. [GOC:autophagy, GOC:mf]


extrinsic component of postsynaptic endocytic zone

The component of the postsynaptic endocytic zone membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region. [GOC:autophagy, GOC:mf]


extrinsic component of postsynaptic specialization membrane

The component of the postsynaptic specialization membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region. [GOC:autophagy, GOC:mf]


extrinsic component of presynaptic active zone membrane

The component of the presynaptic active zone membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region. [GOC:autophagy, GOC:mf]


extrinsic component of postsynaptic membrane

The component of the postsynaptic membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region. [GOC:autophagy, GOC:mf]


intrinsic component of presynaptic membrane

The component of the presynaptic membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having either part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor that is similarly embedded in the membrane. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah]


extrinsic component of presynaptic plasma membrane

extrinsic component of presynaptic membrane

The component of the presynaptic membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region. [GOC:autophagy, GOC:mf]


Any process that modifies the structure of a dendritic spine. [GOC:dos]


postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton remodelling

modification of postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton

Any process that modifies the structure of a postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton. [GOC:dos]


synapse clearance
synapse removal
synapse elimination
synapse disassembly

A cellular process that results in the controlled breakdown of synapse. After it starts the process is continuous until the synapse has disappeared. [GOC:dos, PMID:12062020, PMID:18083105, PMID:22632716, PMID:29844190]


structural constituent of presynaptic active zone

The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a presynaptic active zone. [GOC:dos]


exocytic insertion of neurotransmitter receptor to plasma membrane

The exocytic fusion of neurotransmitter receptor-containing vesicles with plasma membrane, resulting in the integration of neurotransmitter receptors into the plasma membrane. This process includes tethering and docking steps that prepare vesicles for fusion. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:19503082]


maintenance of postsynaptic specialization structure

A process which maintains the organization and the arrangement of proteins in the presynaptic specialization. [GOC:dos]


structural constituent of postsynaptic specialization

The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a postsynaptic specialization. [GOC:dos]


neurotransmitter receptor transport to plasma membrane

The directed movement of neurotransmitter receptor to the plasma membrane in transport vesicles. [GOC:dos]


vesicle-mediated transport to the plasma membrane

The directed movement of substances to the plasma membrane in transport vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane by exocytosis. [GOC:dos]


The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a non-motile cilium. [GOC:cilia, GOC:dos]


The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a postsynaptic specialization, a region that lies adjacent to the cytoplasmic face of the postsynaptic membrane. [GOC:dos]


ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium levels

Any ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel activity that is involved in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration. [GOC:dos]


regulation of neurotransmitter receptor localization to postsynaptic specialization membrane

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neurotransmitter receptor localization to postsynaptic specialization membrane. [GOC:dos]


IP3 receptor activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium levels

inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium levels

Any inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor activity that is involved in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration. [GOC:dos]


regulation of synaptic vesicle budding from presynaptic endocytic zone membrane

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic vesicle budding from presynaptic endocytic zone membrane. [GOC:dos]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the synaptic vesicle cycle. [GOC:dos]


A synapse that uses noradrenaline as a neurotransmitter. [GOC:dos]


A synapse that uses dopamine as a neurotransmitter. [GOC:dos]


A synapse that uses glycine as a neurotransmitter. [GOC:dos]


proviral switch
Latency-replication switch
lytic switch
proviral induction
reactivation of latent virus

The process by which a virus switches on its replication cycle in an infected cell. The process is typically controlled by a genetic swtich controlled by environmental factors such as cell type, cell shape, the availability of nutrients, superinfection or exposure of infected cells to UV or various chemical stimuli. [PMID:19416825, PMID:24339346, VZ:3964]


An excitatory synapse formed by the parallel fibers of granule cells synapsing onto the dendrites of Purkinje cells. [PMID:16623829, PMID:3209740]


One of the giant synapses that form between the mossy fiber axons of dentate gyrus granule cells and the large complex spines of CA3 pyramidal cells. It consists of a giant bouton known as the mossy fiber expansion, synapsed to the complex, multiheaded spine (thorny excresence) of a CA3 pyramidal cell. [DOI:10.1002/1096-9861, PMID:13869693, PMID:23264762]


A synapse between the Schaffer collateral axon of a CA3 pyramidal cell and a CA1 pyramidal cell. [PMID:16399689]


A ribbon synapse between a retinal photoreceptor cell (rod or cone) and a retinal bipolar cell. These contain a plate-like synaptic ribbon. [PMID:15626493]


A ribbon synpase of an auditory hair cell of the cochlear. These ribbon synapses contain spherical synaptic ribbons and lack and arciform density. [PMID:15626493]


An electron dense structure that anchors a synaptic ribbon to the presynaptic membrane. [PMID:15626493]


Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1); the addition of a terminal nucleotide to an RNA molecule in the absence of a nucleic acid template. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_telomere, GOC:dos, GOC:nc, PMID:15994230]


A process by which the range of hosts which a virus can bind and infect is changed. Examples include phages that switch between types of fibers via the action of a virally encoded invertase. [PMID:6232613, VZ:4498]


Any process by which a virus modulates the ability of its host to infect and/or damage an organism for which it is a host. Typically this involves a phage modulating the virulence of a bacterium. Mechanisms include the expression of factors that modulate a bacterial adhesion to a host cell, spread through host tissues, production exotoxins or provide protection against host immune defenses. [PMID:10913072, PMID:11553559, PMID:23981100, VZ:3965]


extrinsic component of neuronal dense core vesicle membrane

The component of the neuronal dense core vesicle membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region. [GOC:dos]


inhibition of host DNA replication by virus

Any process by which a virus inhibits DNA replication in its host cell. Some bacteriophages are known to do this, possibly as a way of increasing the pool of nucleotides available for virus replication. [PMID:17010157, PMID:21205014]


CRISPR-cas system evasion by virus
evasion by virus of CRISPR-cas system

inhibition of host CRISPR-cas system by virus

A process by which a virus inhibits the CRISPR-cas system of its host. [PMID:23242138, PMID:23446421, PMID:26416740]


viral attachment to host adhesion receptor

adhesion receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell

The process by which a virion attaches to a host cell by binding to a receptor on the host cell surface that does not mediate or trigger entry into the host cell. This binding is typically reversible and enhances significantly infectivity by concentrating the virus in the vicinity of its entry receptors, or bringing it to an organ in which its target cells are located. [PMID:18351291, VZ:3943]


entry receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell

The process by which a virion attaches to a host cell by binding to a receptor on the host cell surface that mediates/triggers viral entry by endocytosis/pinocytosis or by inducing fusion/penetration. [PMID:18351291, VZ:3942]


The process by which a preexisting viral infection prevents a secondary infection with the same or a closely related virus. Typically some aspect of viral entry is inhibited, but post entry mechanisms have also been documented. [PMID:11985726, PMID:23692331, PMID:24089557, PMID:8012757, VZ:3971]


G-protein coupled serotonin receptor signaling pathway

G protein-coupled serotonin receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G protein-coupled serotonin receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands. [GOC:mah]


de novo centriole assembly via deuterosome

de novo centriole assembly involved in multi-ciliated epithelial cell differentiation

Centriole assembly in which a centriole arises de novo by a process involving an electron-dense structure known as a deuterosome, rather than by duplication of an existing centriole, and occurring as part of multi-ciliated epithelial cell differentiation. [GOC:cilia, GOC:dos, PMID:24075808, PMID:5111878, PMID:5661997]


A membrane bending process mediated by clathrin. [GOC:pr, Wikipedia:Membrane_curvature]


A membrane organization process resulting in the bending of a membrane. [GOC:krc, GOC:pr, GOC:vw, Wikipedia:Membrane_curvature]


Any process that modulates the stability of DNA. [GOC:pr]


The process of generating a spore-bearing structure. A spore-bearing structure is an anatomical structure that produces new spores. [GOC:di]


A membrane tubulation process occurring in an endosome membrane. [GOC:bc, GOC:PARL, PMID:26911690]


Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1); the synthesis of RNA from ribonucleotide triphosphates in the presence of a nucleic acid template, via extension of the 5'-end. [GOC:pf, PMID:22456265, PMID:27484477]


blood vessel diameter homeostasis
regulation of blood vessel diameter

Any process that modulates the diameter of blood vessels. [GOC:pr]


The process in which the 5' end of a pre-tRNA molecule is converted to that of a mature tRNA in the mitochondrion. [GOC:pf, PMID:21307182, PMID:26143376, PMID:27484477]


de novo centriole assembly via blepharoplast

A de novo centriole assembly process observed in multi-ciliated sperm cells of some primitive land plants, and where centrioles are formed from a blepharoplast, ultimately giving rise to multiple cilia on the sperm surface. [GOC:cilia, PMID:25047614]


A hair-like structure covering the flagella found in some algae (heterokonts and cryptophytes). It is approximately 15 nm in diameter, and usually consist of a tubular shaft that itself terminates in smaller hairs. It is composed of glycoproteins and, likely, carbohydrates. Mastigonemes may assist in locomotion by increasing the surface area of a flagellum. [GOC:cilia, PMID:943397, Wikipedia:Mastigoneme]