downregulation of RNA polymerase II transcription termination factor activity

down-regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription termination factor activity

down regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription termination factor activity


negative regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription termination factor activity


repression of RNA 3'-end formation by RNA polymerase II


repression of termination of RNA polymerase II transcription

repression of RNA polymerase II transcription termination


repression of RNA polymerase II transcription termination factor activity


repression of transcription termination from Pol II promoter


repression of transcription termination from RNA polymerase II promoter


positive regulation of division septum formation involved in mitotic cell cycle

positive regulation of septin assembly and septum biosynthesis involved in mitotic cell cycle

positive regulation of septin assembly and septum formation involved in mitotic cell cycle

positive regulation of formation of division septum involved in mitotic cell cycle

positive regulation of mitotic division septum assembly

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic division septum formation. Division septum formation is the assembly and arrangement of a septum that spans the plasma membrane interface between progeny cells following cytokinesis. [PMID:22786806]


Binding to and carrying a protein between two different cellular components by moving along with the target protein. [PMID:7628437]


ATPase-coupled phospholipid transporter activity


ATPase-dependent phospholipid transporter activity


intermembrane phosphatidylserine carrier activity


The activity of a gene product that interacts with a cargo receptor and initiates endocytosis. [PMID:15797858]


The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the visual system over time, from its formation to the mature structure, including the eye, parts of the central nervous system (CNS) involved in processing of visual inputs, and connecting nerve pathways. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, GOC:krc, PMID:15004427, PMID:20647017, PMID:22632727]


multisynapse organization
multi-synaptic organization
multisynaptic organisation
multisynaptic organization
multi-synaptic organisation
multisynapse organisation
multi-synapse organization


regulation of homeostatic synaptic scaling


intermembrane ceramide 1-phosphate transfer activity


intermembrane phosphatidylethanolamine transfer activity


regulation of xenobiotic transmembrane export


negative regulation of xenobiotic transmembrane export


positive regulation of xenobiotic transmembrane export


intermembrane phosphatidic acid transfer activity


A protein complex that has protein serine/threonine kinase activity; in mammals composed of catalytic subunit CDK5 and regulatory subunits CDK5R1 or CDK5R2. Contrary to its gene symbol, CDK5 is not cyclin-dependent. [PMID:15689152]


protein phosphatase inhibitor complex location

A protein-containing complex that inhibits protein phosphatase activity by directly binding to a protein phosphatase. [GOC:bhm, PMID:19407142, PMID:19933100]


A transcription factor complex composed of a homeodomain protein and the M-specific peptide Mi that acts at the regulatory region of genes required for the activation of meiosis. [PMID:30089908]


histone mRNA stem-loop binding complex location

A protein-containing complex composed of a stem-loop binding protein (in most species SLBP) and its interacting partner (SLIP1 or MIF4GD in most species) that binds to the histone mRNA (hmRNA) 3-prime-stem-loop structure. Facilitates hmRNA translation initiation and may also be involved in its processing and nuclear export. [GOC:bhm, PMID:18025107, PMID:23286197]


phenylacetyl-CoA 1,2-epoxidase complex location

A protein complex capable of catalysing the reaction: phenylacetyl-CoA + H(+) + NADPH + O2 = 2-(1,2-epoxy-1,2-dihydrophenyl)acetyl-CoA + H2O + NADP(+). [GOC:bhm, PMID:21247899]


A protein complex essential for autophagy during nutrient deprivation, a catabolic process that sequesters undesired cellular material into autophagosomes for delivery to lysosomes for degradation. Contributes to nutrition homeostasis and damage control in eukaryotic cells. Functions at a late step of autophagosome formation for efficient completion of sequestration, probably through facilitating recruitment of ATG8-phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) to the preautophagosomal structure (PAS) and/or its protection from deconjugation by ATG4. Composed of ATG2 and ATG18 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. [GOC:bhm, PMID:23230146]


TIC complex location associated chloroplast protein import motor

TIC complex associated chloroplast protein import motor

A protein complex located in the chloroplast inner membrane and facing the stroma that is associated with the chloroplast inner membrane translocase complex and provides the ATPase motor activity to drive import of proteins into the chloroplast stroma. [PMID:30309901]


A cytosolic complex that functions as an substrate-specific adaptor, linking the cytosolic iron-sulfur protein assembly (CIA) targeting complex to apo-Rli1p, an ABC protein involved in ribosome recycling, facilitating Fe-S cluster insertion and the maturation of the Rli1p. [PMID:26182403]


A protein complex that associates with chromatin to form linear elements in fission yeast. In S. pombe, the LinE complex contains four main structural components (Rec10, Rec25, Rec27, and Mug20) and other associated proteins. [PMID:30640914]


TGF-beta ligand-receptor complex location

transforming growth factor beta ligand-receptor complex location

TGFbeta ligand-receptor complex location

A protein complex that is formed by the association of a TGF-beta dimeric ligand with 2 molecules of each receptor molecule, TGF-beta type I receptor and TGF-beta type II receptor. The receptor molecules may form homo- or heterodimers but only once bound by the ligand. [Reactome:R-HSA-170840]


tRNA (m7G46) methyltransferase complex location

A protein complex involved in the catalysis of the formation of the modified nucleotide 7-methylguanine (at position 46 in certain tRNAs, such as tRNA(phe) and tRNA(met). In yeast, it is a heterotetramer of two subunits, Trm8 (catalytic) and Trm82 (WD repeat). [GOC:vw, PMID:15811913, PMID:1738232, PMID:18164779, PMID:18184583]


Cdr2 medial cortical node complex location

A megadalton-sized complex at the medial cortex organized as an oligomeric core of SAD family protein kinases involved in cell size-dependent localization and phosphorylation of Wee1 during interphase. [GOC:vw, PMID:29514920]


A histone deacetylase complex formed by the association of an HP1 protein with a SHREC complex. The SHREC2 complex is required for deacetylation of H3K14, and mediates transcriptional gene silencing by limiting RNA polymerase II access to heterochromatin. In fission yeast, the complex contains the SHREC subunits Clr1, Clr2, Clr3, and Mit1, and the HP1 protein Chp2. [GOC:mah, PMID:19111658]


Aim21-Tda2 complex location
Aim21/Tda2 complex
Aim21/Tda2 complex location

A complex that localizes to actin cortical patches at sites of endocytosis and negatively regulates barbed end F-actin assembly, resulting in the generation of free actin pools. The Aim21-Tda2 complex is necessary for efficient endocytosis and balancing the distribution of actin between patches and cables. [GOC:rn, PMID:28706108, PMID:29467252]


ubiquinone biosynthesis complex location

The cytosolic ubiquinone biosynthesis complex is composed of enzymes and accessory factors of the ubiquinone biosynthesis pathway and enables synthesis of the extremely hydrophobic molecule ubiquinone. In E. coli, the complex is composed of seven proteins: UbiE, F, G, H, I, J and K. [GOC:imk, PMID:27060254, PMID:28927698, PMID:30686758]


A complex that forms at the cell cortex in response to pheromone treatment and is required for the polarized growth of haploid yeast cells towards a mating partner during yeast mating. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, this complex consists of Cdc24p, Far1p, Ste4p (G-protein beta subunit) and Ste18p (G-protein gamma subunit). [PMID:10087263]


A protein complex that regulates Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation. [GOC:lnp, PMID:22973053]


DNA topoisomerase III-beta-TDRD3 complex location

A protein complex that has DNA topoisomerase type I and RNA topoisomerase activities. [GOC:lnp, PMID:23912945, PMID:28176834]


mitochondrial intermembrane space bridging complex location

A mitochondrial intermembrane space bridging complex consisting of components of the MICOS complex in the inner mitochondrial membrane, the SAM complex in the outer membrane, a conserved DNAJ protein (human DNAJC11) and Metaxin 1. [PMID:26477565]


A SWI/SNF subcomplex that incorporates two mutually exclusive paralogs, GLTSCR1 (glioma tumor suppressor candidate region gene 1) or GLTSCR1L (GLTSCR1-like), BRD9 (bromodomain-containing 9) and the BAF subunits BAF155, BAF60, SS18, BAF53a, and BRG1/BRM. [PMID:29374058]


amylin receptor complex location 1
AMY1 complex
AMY1 complex location

A G protein-coupled receptor complex that serves as a receptor for amylin polypeptide (AMY) and consists of a calcitonin receptor (CTR/CALCR) and a receptor activity-modifying protein (RAMP) 1. Amylin receptor complex 1 (AMY1) also serves as a receptor for the calcitonin related peptide (CGRP) and adrenomedullin (AM/ADM). [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:22500019]


AMY2 complex
AMY2 complex location
amylin receptor complex location 2

A G protein-coupled receptor complex that serves as a receptor for amylin polypeptide (AMY) and consists of a calcitonin receptor (CTR/CALCR) and a receptor activity-modifying protein (RAMP) 2. Amylin receptor complex 2 (AMY2) also serves as a receptor for adrenomedullin (AM/ADM). [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:22500019]


AMY3 complex location
AMY3 complex
amylin receptor complex location 3

A G protein-coupled receptor complex that serves as a receptor for amylin polypeptide (AMY) and consists of a calcitonin receptor (CTR/CALCR) and a receptor activity-modifying protein (RAMP) 3. Amylin receptor complex 3 (AMY3) also serves as a receptor for the amyloid-beta complex. Ligand binding to AMY3 results in increased cytosolic calcium ion levels and in activation on multiple intracellular signalling pathways. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:22500019]


A protein complex that cycles between the nucleus where it is part of the RNA polymerase II and the cytoplasmic mRNA processing body where it mediates the two major cytoplasmic mRNA decay pathways. [GOC:bhm, PMID:15591044]


non-canonical PRC1-BCOR complex location

non-canonical BCOR-PRC1.1 complex location

BCL6 corepressor (BCOR) complex location

A protein-containing complex that monoubiquitinates histone H2A on K119, thus it facilitates the maintenance of the transcriptionally repressive state of some genes, such as BCL6. It consists of the corepressor BCOR or BCORL1, a Polycomb group (PcG) and a SCF ubiquitin ligase subcomplexes. In mammals, the core subunits of the complex include the PcG and PcG-associated proteins NSPC1, RING1, RNF2, and RYBP and the components of the SCF ubiquitin ligase, SKP1, and FBXL10. [PMID:16943429, PMID:22325352, PMID:24515802]


Binding to nucleic acid via hydrogen bonds between the bases of a gene product molecule and the bases of a target DNA molecule. [GOC:krc]


RNA polymerase III general initiation factor activity

RNA polymerase III general transcription initiation factor activity

A general transcription initiation factor activity that contributes to transcription start site selection and transcription initiation of genes transcribed by RNA polymerase III. Factors required for RNA polymerase III transcription initiation include TFIIIA, TFIIIB and TFIIIC. RNA polymerase III transcribes genes encoding short RNAs, including tRNAs, 5S rRNA, U6 snRNA, the short ncRNA component of RNases P, the mitochondrial RNA processing (MRP) RNA, the signal recognition particle SRP RNA, and in higher eukaryotes a number of micro and other small RNAs, though there is some variability across species as to whether a given small noncoding RNA is transcribed by RNA polymerase II or RNA polymerase III. [GOC:txnOH-2018, PMID:12381659, PMID:17977614, PMID:20413673, PMID:27068803, Wikipedia:RNA_polymerase_III]


RNA polymerase III general transcription initiation factor binding

Binding to an RNA polymerase III transcription factor, a protein required to initiate or regulate transcription by RNA polymerase III. [GOC:txnOH]


RNA polymerase I general transcription initiation factor binding

Binding to an RNA polymerase I transcription factor, a protein required to initiate or regulate transcription by RNA polymerase I. [GOC:txnOH]


RNA polymerase I transcription general initiation factor activity

general RNA polymerase I transcription factor activity

RNA polymerase I general transcription initiation factor activity

A general transcription initiation factor activity that contributes to transcription start site selection and transcription initiation of genes transcribed by RNA polymerase I. Factors required for RNA polymerase I transcription initiation include upstream activation factor (UAF), core factor (CF), TATA binding protein (TBP) and RRN3. In all species characterized, RNA polymerase I transcribes a large polycistronic transcript that is processed into several mature rRNAs (3 or 4 depending on the species), including the large subunit rRNA (28S in humans), the small subunit rRNA (18S in humans), as well as one or two additional smaller rRNAs (the 5.8S rRNA in humans). In most species, this large rRNA transcript is the sole product of RNA polymerase I. However there are rare exceptions, such as Trypanosoma brucei, where RNA polymerase I also transcribes certain mRNAs. [GOC:txnOH-2018, PMID:11500378, PMID:17972917, PMID:25346433, PMID:28340337, PMID:28842442, PMID:31358304]


DNA-binding transcription activator activity

A DNA-binding transcription factor activity that activates or increases transcription of specific gene sets. [GOC:txnOH-2018]


DNA-binding transcription repressor activity

A DNA-binding transcription factor activity that represses or decreases the transcription of specific gene sets. [GOC:txnOH-2018]


epithelial cilium movement involved in extracellular fluid movement

The directed, self-propelled movement of cilia of epithelial cells. Depending on the type of cell, there may be one or many cilia per cell. This movement is usually coordinated between many epithelial cells, and serves to move extracellular fluid. [GOC:dph, GOC:krc]


respiratory gaseous exchange by respiratory system

The process of gaseous exchange between an organism and its environment. In plants, microorganisms, and many small animals, air or water makes direct contact with the organism's cells or tissue fluids, and the processes of diffusion supply the organism with dioxygen (O2) and remove carbon dioxide (CO2). In larger animals the efficiency of gaseous exchange is improved by specialized respiratory organs, such as lungs and gills, which are ventilated by breathing mechanisms. [ISBN:0198506732]


The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. [GOC:mah, GOC:mb]


Removes phosphatidylinositol from a membrane or a monolayer lipid particle, transports it through the aqueous phase while protected in a hydrophobic pocket, and brings it to an acceptor membrane or lipid particle. [GOC:krc, PMID:20823909, PMID:24220498, PMID:25797198]


Enables the transfer of aminophospholipids from the exoplasmic to the cytosolic leaftlet of a membrane, using energy from the hydrolysis of ATP. Aminophospholipids contain phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester and an amino (NH2) group. [GOC:pg]


ATP-dependent bile acid transmembrane transporter activity

ATPase-coupled bile acid transmembrane transporter activity


ATPase-coupled putrescine transmembrane transporter activity


A process in which ferric-enterobactin, the iron-bound form of the siderophore enterobactin, is transported into the cell by specific cell surface receptors. [GOC:pg, PMID:23192658]


ferric triacetylfusarinine C import into cell

The directed movement of ferric triacetylfusarinine C into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:ai]


A process in which ferric-hydroxamate, the iron-bound form of the iron chelator hydroxamate, is transported into the cell by specific cell surface receptors. [GOC:pg, PMID:23192658]


The directed movement of tetracycline from one side of a membrane to the other. Tetracycline is a broad spectrum antibiotic that blocks binding of aminoacyl tRNA to the ribosomes of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms (and those of organelles). [GOC:curators]


The directed movement of bicyclomycin across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. Bicyclomycin (or bicozamycin) is an antibacterial drug often used as a livestock feed additive. [PMID:20067529]


Removes a glycolipid from a membrane or a monolayer lipid particle, transports it through the aqueous phase while protected in a hydrophobic pocket, and brings it to an acceptor membrane or lipid particle. A glycolipid is a compound usually containing 1-4 linked monosaccharide residues joined by a glycosyl linkage to a lipid. [PMID:30337668]


The function of interacting (directly or indirectly) with receptors such that the proportion of receptors in the active form is increased. [GOC:ceb]


2'-deoxyguanosine DNA ADP-ribosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of the ADP-ribose group of NAD+ to the amino group at N2 of 2'-deoxyguanosine to yield N2-(alpha-ADP-ribos-1-yl)-2'-deoxyguanosine and its beta form. [PMID:11592983]


gene silencing by RNA, production of guide RNA

gene silencing by RNA, production of small RNA

A process leading to the generation of a functional small regulatory non-coding RNA. [GOC:mah, PMID:15196465, PMID:19239886]


ATP-dependent lipid transmembrane transporter activity

ATPase-coupled lipid transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + lipid(in) = ADP + phosphate + lipid(out). [GOC:BHF, GOC:rl]


ATP-coupled sterol transmembrane transporter activity

ATPase-coupled sterol transmembrane transporter activity


regulation of cell population proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation. [GOC:jl]


The directed movement of chloramphenicol, a broad-spectrum antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis, across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. [PMID:29150447]


A process in which ferrichrome is transported into the cell by specific cell surface receptors. Ferrichromes are any of a group of growth-promoting Fe(III) chelates formed by various genera of microfungi. They are homodetic cyclic hexapeptides made up of a tripeptide of glycine (or other small neutral amino acids) and a tripeptide of an N'acyl-N4-hydroxy-L-ornithine. [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:23192658]


host-mediated regulation of intestinal microbiota composition

The biological process involved in maintaining the steady-state number of cells within a population of free-living cells such as the bacteria in the gut. [PMID:25757720]


Enables the directed movement of lysophospholipids from one side of a membrane to the other. A lysophospholipid is a phospholipid that lacks one of its fatty acyl chains; it is an intermediate formed during digestion of dietary and biliary phospholipids. [GOC:ai]


basement membrane disassembly involved in semicircular canal fusion

A process that results in the breakdown of the basement membrane that contributes to the process of semicircular canal fusion. [GOC:dph, GOC:sdb_2009, GOC:tb]


regulation of basement membrane disassembly involved in semicircular canal fusion by cell communication

Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings that modulates of the rate, frequency or extent of basement membrane disassembly involved in semicircular canal fusion. [GOC:dph, GOC:sdb_2009, GOC:tb]


GPI-mannose ethanolamine phosphate phosphodiesterase activity

A phosphoric diester hydrolase activity that removes the ethanolamine phosphate from mannose 2 of a GPI anchor. [PMID:19837036]


A protein-containing complex that functions to transport lipopolysaccharide from its site of synthesis at the cytoplasmic membrane across the periplasm to the outer membrane in an ATP-dependent manner. [PMID:29449493]


The sequence of events that initiates (or primes) the synthesis of semi-crystalline starch granules within photosynthetic chloroplasts or non-photosynthetic amyloplasts. [PMID:28684429]


Enables the facilitated diffusion of fluoride (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism. [PMID:23991286, PMID:25156118]


A regulation of the phtosynthetic light reaction in which the light harvesting antenna complexes transition between photosystems. [PMID:29967049]


compound eye pigment cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a compound eye pigment cell, a cell of the retina containing screening pigments that functions to screen photoreceptors from light leaking from adjacent ommatidia. [GOC:ha, PMID:8929534]


Enables the transport of L-aspartate and fumarate across a membrane according to the reaction L-aspartate (out) + fumarate (in) = L-aspartate (in) + fumarate (out). [PMID:29995997]


transcription factor TFIIH holo complex binding

Binding to a transcription factor TFIIH holo complex. [PMID:11259578]


Binding to a FACT complex. [PMID:10682845]


NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex binding

Binding to a NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex. [PMID:15528408]


Binding to a TAP complex. [PMID:17947644]


Binding to an oligosaccharyltransferase complex. [PMID:12887896]


Binding to a BBSome complex. [PMID:20603001]


Binding to a box C/D snoRNP complex. [PMID:10679015]


Binding to a box H/ACA snoRNP complex. [PMID:10679015]


PSII associated light-harvesting complex II binding

Binding to a PSII associated light-harvesting complex II. [PMID:17400553]


Binding to a chloroplast photosystem I. [PMID:17400553]


Binding to a chloroplast photosystem II. [PMID:17400553]


Binding to a GARP complex. [PMID:20163565]


Binding to a SAGA complex. [PMID:27185460]


Binding to a histone H3 in which the lysine residue at position 9 has been modified by trimethylation. [PMID:30110338]


An area where exine is reduced or absent, in the pollen wall. [PMID:30150313]


The cellular component assembly process of forming pollen apertures, areas where exine is reduced or absent, in the pollen cell wall. [PMID:30150313]


acyl-CoA delta(5)-desaturase activity
acyl-CoA D5-desaturase activity
acyl-CoA delta5-desaturase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + reduced acceptor + O2 = delta5-acyl-CoA + acceptor + 2 H2O. [PMID:10601301, PMID:10769175, RHEA:46424]


tuberin-hamartin complex binding
tuberin sclerosis complex binding

Binding to a TSC1-TSC2 complex. [PMID:28561066]


inhibitory MHC class Ib receptor activity

Combining with a MHC class Ib protein complex to mediate signaling that inhibits activation of a lymphocyte. [DOI:10.1002/9780470015902.a0024246]


activating MHC class Ib receptor activity

Combining with a MHC class Ib protein complex to mediate signaling that activates a lymphocyte. [DOI:10.1002/9780470015902.a0024246]


HLA-E specific inhibitory MHC class Ib receptor activity

Combining with a MHC class Ib molecule of the HLA-A subclass to mediate signaling that inhibits activation of a lymphocyte. [DOI:10.1002/9780470015902.a0024246]


HLA-G specific inhibitory MHC class Ib receptor activity

Combining with a MHC class Ib molecule of the HLA-G subclass to mediate signaling that inhibits activation of a lymphocyte. [DOI:10.1002/9780470015902.a0024246]


regulation of capsule polysaccharide biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polysaccharides that make up the capsule, a protective structure surrounding some species of bacteria and fungi. [PMID:21917918]


positive regulation of capsule polysaccharide biosynthetic process

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polysaccharides that make up the capsule, a protective structure surrounding some species of bacteria and fungi. [PMID:21917918]


regulation of vein smooth muscle contraction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of vein smooth muscle contraction. [PMID:8428203]


positive regulation of vein smooth muscle contraction

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of vein smooth muscle contraction. [PMID:8428203]


negative regulation of vein smooth muscle contraction

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of vein smooth muscle contraction. [PMID:8428203]


regulation of taurine biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of taurine biosynthesis. [GOC:BHF, PMID:18648510, PMID:24911144]


positive regulation of taurine biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of taurine biosynthesis. [GOC:BHF, PMID:18648510, PMID:24911144]


The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the stomach over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The stomach is an expanded region of the vertebrate alimentary tract that serves as a food storage compartment and digestive organ. [PMID:11967278]


The attachment of an endoplasmic reticulum membrane to a peroxisome via molecular tethers that physically bridge the two membranes and attach them to each other. [PMID:28463579]


The disaggregation of a kinetochore into its constituent components. [GOC:mah, PMID:27611693]


The cellular metabolic process in which organic chemical compounds are synthesized from carbon-containing molecules and nutrients using energy obtained from the oxidation of inorganic compounds or methane. [PMID:25050523]


regulation of programmed necrotic cell death

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of programmed necrotic cell death. [GOC:aruk, GOC:rph, PMID:27258785]


negative regulation of programmed necrotic cell death

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of programmed necrotic cell death. [GOC:aruk, GOC:rph, PMID:27258785]


positive regulation of programmed necrotic cell death

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of programmed necrotic cell death. [GOC:aruk, GOC:rph, PMID:27258785]


peptidyl-aspartic acid 3-dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: protein L-aspartate + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = protein 3-hydroxy-L-aspartate + succinate + CO2. [PMID:1378441, PMID:1856229, RHEA:11508]


female germline stem cell symmetric division

Division of a female germline stem cell to produce two germline stem cells of the same type as the parent. [GOC:ha, PMID:30248087]


dsRNA biosynthesis
double-stranded RNA biosynthesis
dsRNA biosynthetic process

double-stranded RNA biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of double-stranded RNA. [PMID:19701182]


Binding to a region of RNA containing a Pumilio-response element element. The consensus sequence for the element is UGUAAAUA. [PMID:30601114]


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + RNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + RNA containing 2'-O-methylribonucleotide. [PMID:30626973, RHEA:58956]


regulation of protein localization to non-growing cell tip

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to a non-growing cell tip. [PMID:18328707]


negative regulation of protein localization to non-growing cell tip

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to a non-growing cell tip. [PMID:18328707]


regulation of DNA recombinase disassembly

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of DNA recombinase disassembly, the disaggregation of a DNA recombinase complex into its constituent components. [PMID:30297419]


negative regulation of DNA recombinase disassembly

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA recombinase complex disassembly, the disaggregation of a DNA recombinase complex into its constituent components. [PMID:30297419]


The directed import of zinc(2+) from the cytosol, across an organelle membrane, into the organelle. [PMID:29529046]


FAPA biosynthesis
FAPA biosynthetic process
fatty acid amide biosynthesis

fatty acid primary amide biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a fatty acid primary amide. [PMID:10079066, PMID:15952893]


The volume enclosed by the membrane of an eary phagosome. [PMID:18813294]


A chloroplast-derived plastid in which the solid form of phenol is stored. [PMID:24683183]


The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components during meiotic prophase to form a LinE complex, the protein complex that associates with chromatin to form linear elements in fission yeast. In S. pombe, the LinE complex contains four main structural components (Rec10, Rec25, Rec27, and Mug20) and other associated proteins. [PMID:30640914]


LinE focus formation
LinE chromosome loading

The meiotic cell cycle chromosome organization process in which LinE complexes closely associate with chromatin during meiotic prophase to form mature linear elements. [PMID:30640914]


histone lysine N-methyltransferase activity (H3-K37 specific)

histone methyltransferase activity (H3-K37 specific)

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + histone H3 L-lysine (position 37) = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + histone H3 N6-methyl-L-lysine (position 37). This reaction is the addition of a methyl group onto lysine at position 37 of the histone H3 protein. [PMID:30773398]


Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of linear element maturation. [PMID:30640914]


Combining with 4-hydroxybutyrte to initiate a change in cell activity. [PMID:17197387]


regulation of mitochondrial gene expression

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitochondrial gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product (protein or RNA). [PMID:28285835]


fatty acid primary amide metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform primary fatty amides. [PMID:11128635]


fatty acid primary amide catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of primary fatty amides. [PMID:11128635]


phosphatidylcholine floppase activity (cytosolic to exoplasmic leaftlet)

Catalysis of the movement of phosphatidylcholine from the cytosolic to the exoplasmic leaftlet of a membrane, using energy from the hydrolysis of ATP. [GOC:ab, PMID:16452632, RHEA:38583]


phosphatidylserine floppase activity (cytosolic to exoplasmic leaftlet)

Catalysis of the movement of phosphatidylserine from the cytosolic to the exoplasmic leaftlet of a membrane, using energy from the hydrolysis of ATP. [GOC:ab, PMID:16452632, PMID:20224745, RHEA:38567]


ceramide floppase activity (cytosolic to exoplasmic leaftlet)

Catalysis of the movement of ceramide from the cytosolic to the exoplasmic leaftlet of a membrane, using energy from the hydrolysis of ATP. [GOC:BHF, GOC:dos, GOC:rl]


Catalysis of the reaction: RMP + diphosphate = R + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate. [PMID:5123876]


positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell contraction

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle cell contraction. [PMID:19525381]


negative regulation of cardiac muscle cell contraction

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle cell contraction. [PMID:19525381]


lectin-induced modified bacterial internalization

The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of a symbiont organism, mediated by secretion of lectins which bind to the bacterial surface. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [GOC:rjd, PMID:30049880]


Binding to a IkappaB kinase complex. [GOC:pga, PMID:12492477]


Binding to a Sec61 translocon complex. [GOC:pga, PMID:9792704]


The cell surface of a secondary, endosymbiont organism with which the first organism is interacting. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [GOC:rjd, PMID:30049880]


Binding to a P-TEFb complex. [GOC:pga, PMID:18391197]


Catalysis of the reaction: dimethylallylphosphate + FMNH2 = prenylated FMNH2 + phosphate. [GOC:imk, PMID:26083743]


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + adenine(645) in 25S rRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N(1)-methyladenine(645) in 25S rRNA. [EC:2.1.1.287, PMID:23180764]


Catalyzes the reaction fraxetin+ NAD(P)H + 02= sideretin + NAD(P)(+) + H20. [GOC:lr, PMID:29581584, RHEA:57844]


Catalyzes of the reaction: scopoletin + 2-oxoglutarate+O2=fraxetin +succinate+ CO2). [GOC:lr, PMID:29361149, PMID:29581584, RHEA:57848]


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sideretin. [GOC:lr, PMID:29581584]


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of fraxetin. [GOC:lr, PMID:29581584]


4-hydroxyindole-3- carbonyl nitrile biosynthesis

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 4-hydroxyindole-3- carbonyl nitrile (4-OH-ICN), a cyanogenic glucoside. [GOC:lr, PMID:26352477]


indole-3-carbonyl nitrile 4-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: indole-3-carbonyl nitrile + NADPH +O2=4-hydroxyindole-3- carbonyl nitrile + NADP(+) + H20. [GOC:lr, PMID:26352477, RHEA:57864]


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of zearalenone, a mycotoxin produced by several Fusarium species, is most commonly found as a contaminant in stored grain and has chronic estrogenic effects on mammals. [GOC:ach, PMID:16517624, PMID:20578001]


Interacting selectivity and noncovalently with a cyclic nucleotide mimicking protein motif that is part of the same protein. The CNBHD is a domain on KCNH channels that creates a binding pocket on the KCNH channel that resembles the cyclic nucleotide- binding domain on other ion channels. It binds to a peptide motif that is part of the same protein rather than a cyclic nucleotide. [GOC:cvs, PMID:27025590, PMID:29567795]


Binding to a histone in which a residue has been modified by phosphorylation. [GOC:mah, PMID:20679485]


The process of producing flask-shaped fruiting bodies, called perithecia. In the ascomycetous fungi such as Neurospora crassa and Sordaria macrospora, these perithecia are formed in the sexual phase and they discharge ascospores through the ostiolum at the tip of the perithecial neck. [DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-00286-1_2, GOC:ach, PMID:19547974, PMID:21134480, PMID:25311923]


Catalysis of the reaction: protein L-lysine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = protein 3-hydroxy-L-lysine + succinate + CO2. [GOC:al, PMID:29915238, RHEA:57152]


Catalysis of the reaction: protein L-lysine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = protein 4-hydroxy-L-lysine + succinate + CO2. [GOC:pde, PMID:24486019, RHEA:57156]


Catalyzes the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + [protein]-L-arginine + O2 = [protein]-(3R)-3-hydroxy-L-arginine + CO2 + succinate. [PMID:29563586]


Catalysis of the reaction: a cytidine in mRNA + acetyl-CoA + ATP + H2O = ADP + an N(4)-acetylcytidine in mRNA + CoA + H(+) + phosphate. [GOC:sp, PMID:30449621]


regulation of exonucleolytic catabolism of deadenylated mRNA

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of exonucleolytic nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process involved in deadenylation-dependent decay. [GOC:vw, PMID:30601114]


positive regulation of exonucleolytic catabolism of deadenylated mRNA

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of exonucleolytic nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process involved in deadenylation-dependent decay. [GOC:vw, PMID:30601114]


negative regulation of exonucleolytic catabolism of deadenylated mRNA

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of exonucleolytic nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process involved in deadenylation-dependent decay. [GOC:vw, PMID:30601114]


nuclear membrane-spindle pole body anchor activity

spindle pole body nuclear membrane anchor activity

spindle pole body-nuclear membrane anchor activity

The binding activity of a molecule that brings together a mitotic spindle pole body and the nuclear membrane, in order to maintain specific membrane location of the spindle pole body. [GOC:vw, PMID:9763447]


The series of molecular signals mediated by the detection of extracellular ATP. [GOC:tb, PMID:12948585, PMID:20817461, PMID:29274390]


The volume enclosed by the membrane of a COPI-coated endocytic vesicle. [GOC:pde, PMID:29535154]


The volume enclosed by the membrane of a COPII-coated endocytic vesicle. [GOC:pde, PMID:21172817]


The volume enclosed by the membrane of a phagolysosome. [GOC:pde, PMID:29471269]


The lipid bylayer surrounding a phagolysosome. [GOC:pde, PMID:29471269]


The volume enclosed by the membrane of a clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle. [GOC:pde, PMID:2516741]


Catalysis of the reaction: cyclic GMP-AMP + 2 H2O = AMP + GMP. [GOC:sp, PMID:25344812, RHEA:58808]


histone H3 K37 methylation
histone H3K37me
histone lysine H3 K37 methylation

The modification of histone H3 by addition of one or more methyl groups to lysine at position 37 of the histone. [GOC:mah, PMID:30773398]


cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane, cell tip

The leaflet the plasma membrane at the cell tip that faces the cytoplasm and any proteins embedded or anchored in it or attached to its surface. [GOC:vw, PMID:28292899]


culmorin anabolism
culmorin formation
culmorin synthesis
culmorin biosynthesis

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of culmorin, a sesquiterpenoid fungal metabolite and mycotoxin produced by some ascomycete species such as Fusarium culmorum, F. graminearum, F. venenatum and Leptosphaeria oraemaris. [GOC:ach, PMID:19880637, PMID:26673640]


regulation of imaginal disc-derived wing vein specification

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of imaginal disc-derived wing vein specification. [GOC:ha, PMID:11861482]


positive regulation of imaginal disc-derived wing vein specification

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of imaginal disc-derived wing vein specification. [GOC:ha, PMID:11861482]


negative regulation of imaginal disc-derived wing vein specification

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of imaginal disc-derived wing vein specification. [GOC:ha, PMID:11861482]


positive regulation of animal organ morphogenesis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of animal organ morphogenesis. [GOC:kmv]


negative regulation of animal organ morphogenesis

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of animal organ morphogenesis. [GOC:kmv]


regulation of lipid transporter activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of lipid transporter activity. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph, PMID:27365390]


positive regulation of lipid transporter activity

Any process that increases the frequency, rate, or extent of lipid transporter activity. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph, PMID:27365390]


negative regulation of lipid transporter activity

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate, or extent of lipid transporter activity. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph, PMID:27365390]


regulation of compound eye photoreceptor cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of compound eye photoreceptor cell differentiation. [GOC:ha, PMID:16377567]


positive regulation of compound eye photoreceptor cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of compound eye photoreceptor cell differentiation. [GOC:ha, PMID:16377567]


negative regulation of compound eye photoreceptor cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of compound eye photoreceptor cell differentiation. [GOC:ha, PMID:16377567]


positive regulation of very-low-density lipoprotein particle clearance

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of very-low-density lipoprotein particle clearance. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph, PMID:25510864]


gamma-tubulin complex localization to nuclear side of mitotic spindle pole body

Any process in which a gamma-tubulin complex is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location at the nuclear side of the mitotic spindle pole body. [GOC:vw, PMID:19942852]


gamma-tubulin complex localization to cytoplasmic side of mitotic spindle pole body

Any process in which a gamma-tubulin complex is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location at the cytoplasmic side of the mitotic spindle pole body. [GOC:vw, PMID:19001497]


The orderly movement of a myotube cell from one site to another, often during the development of a multicellular organism. Myotubes are multinucleated cells that are formed when proliferating myoblasts exit the cell cycle, differentiate, and fuse. [GOC:ha, PMID:29122742]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of myotube cell migration. [GOC:ha, PMID:29122742]


positive regulation of myotube cell migration

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of myotube cell migration. [GOC:ha, PMID:29122742]


negative regulation of myotube cell migration

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of myotube cell migration. [GOC:ha, PMID:29122742]


The process of loading solutes into the sieve tube or companion cell of the phloem for long distance transport from source to sink. [GOC:lr, PMID:19025382]


The process of unloading solutes that are produced in the source tissues, from the sieve tube or companion cell of the phloem into the sink tissues. [GOC:lr, PMID:19025382]


The process of unloading sucrose that is produced in the source tissues, from the sieve tube or companion cell of the phloem into the sink tissues. [GOC:lr, PMID:30018170]


Catalysis of the reaction: ribitol-5-phosphate + H20 = ribitol + phosphate. [GOC:rn, PMID:30240188]


A biological process that results in the unequal transmission of alleles, haplotypes, or chromosomes from a parental genome to gametes. In the absence of meiotic drive, the two copies of each gene or chromosome in a diploid organism are transmitted to offspring with equal probability, whereas meiotic drive results in overrepresentation of the driving allele among the surviving products of meiosis. [GOC:mah, PMID:26920473, PMID:29322557, PMID:29499907]


The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of the cysteine knot protein Norrin to a Frizzled 4 (Fzd4) family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state. [GOC:BHF, GOC:rl, PMID:15035989, PMID:17955262]


The acquisition, loss, or modification of macromolecules within a protein-RNA complex, resulting in the alteration of an existing complex. [GOC:rn, PMID:19737519, PMID:20542003, PMID:24240281]


regulation of imaginal disc-derived leg joint morphogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of imaginal disc-derived leg joint morphogenesis, the process in which the anatomical structure of the imaginal disc-derived leg joint is generated and organized. [GOC:ha, PMID:25329825]


positive regulation of imaginal disc-derived leg joint morphogenesis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of imaginal disc-derived leg joint morphogenesis. [GOC:ha, PMID:25329825]


negative regulation of imaginal disc-derived leg joint morphogenesis

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of imaginal disc-derived leg joint morphogenesis. [GOC:ha, PMID:25329825]


flagellum attachment zone organisation
FAZ organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a flagellum attachment zone. FAZ is a network of cytoskeletal and membranous connections responsible for the lateral attachment of the cilium to the cell body in some trypanosomatid species. [GOC:ach, PMID:26776656]


The process in which L-glutamate is transported from the cytosol into the mitochondrial matrix. [GOC:vw, PMID:30297026]


The volume enclosed by the membrane of a magnetosome. [GOC:aa, PMID:27620945]


The lipid bilayer surrounding a magnetosome. [GOC:aa, PMID:27620945]


protein maturation by nickel ion transfer

A process that contributes to the delivery of nickel ions to a target protein to facilitate its maturation. [GOC:al, PMID:24115911]


Removes a lipid from a membrane or a monolayer lipid particle, transports it through the aqueous phase while protected in a hydrophobic pocket, and brings it to an acceptor membrane or lipid particle. This results in intermembrane transfer of lipids. [GOC:krc, PMID:20823909, PMID:24220498, PMID:25797198]


Removes a phospholipid from a membrane or a monolayer lipid particle, transports it through the aqueous phase while protected in a hydrophobic pocket, and brings it to an acceptor membrane or lipid particle. [GOC:krc, PMID:20823909, PMID:24220498, PMID:25797198]


Removes a sphingolipid from a membrane or a monolayer lipid particle, transports it through the aqueous phase while protected in a hydrophobic pocket, and brings it to an acceptor membrane or lipid particle. [GOC:krc, PMID:20823909, PMID:24220498, PMID:25797198]


Removes a ceramide from a membrane or a monolayer lipid particle, transports it through the aqueous phase while protected in a hydrophobic pocket, and brings it to an acceptor membrane or lipid particle. [GOC:krc, PMID:20823909, PMID:24220498, PMID:25797198]


Removes cholesterol from a membrane or a monolayer lipid particle, transports it through the aqueous phase while protected in a hydrophobic pocket, and brings it to an acceptor membrane or lipid particle. [GOC:krc, PMID:20823909, PMID:24220498, PMID:25797198]


Removes oxysterol from a membrane or a monolayer lipid particle, transports it through the aqueous phase while protected in a hydrophobic pocket, and brings it to an acceptor membrane or lipid particle. [GOC:krc, PMID:20823909, PMID:24220498, PMID:25797198]


sensory detection of cold stimulus during thermoception

sensory transduction of cold stimulus during thermoception

thermoception, sensory detection of cold stimulus

thermoception, sensory transduction of cold stimulus

detection of cold stimulus involved in thermoception

The series of events in which a cold stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal as part of thermoception. [PMID:21335241]


positive regulation of actin filament bundle convergence involved in mitotic contractile ring assembly

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of actin filament bundle convergence involved in mitotic contractile ring assembly. [GOC:vw, PMID:24798735]


regulation of actin filament bundle convergence involved in mitotic contractile ring assembly

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of actin filament bundle convergence involved in mitotic contractile ring assembly. [GOC:vw, PMID:24798735]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the torso signaling pathway. [GOC:ha, PMID:23732470]


positive regulation of torso signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the torso signaling pathway. [GOC:ha, PMID:23732470]


negative regulation of torso signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the torso signaling pathway. [GOC:ha, PMID:23732470]


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any steroid hormone, naturally occurring substances secreted by specialized cells that affects the metabolism or behavior of other cells possessing functional receptors for the hormone. [GOC:krc, GOC:nln]


The disaggregation of an adherens junction into its constituent components. An adherens junction is a cell-cell junction composed of the epithelial cadherin-catenin complex at which the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane is attached to actin filaments. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:25490267]


The disaggregation of a cell-substrate junction into its constituent components. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:25490267]


The disaggregation of a focal adhesion into its constituent components. A focal adhesion is a complex of intracellular signaling and structural proteins that provides a structural link between the internal actin cytoskeleton and the ECM, and also functions as a locus of signal transduction activity. [PMID:25490267]


regulation of focal adhesion disassembly

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of disaggregation of a focal adhesion into its constituent components. [PMID:25490267]


positive regulation of focal adhesion disassembly

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of disaggregation of a focal adhesion into its constituent components. [PMID:25490267]


negative regulation of focal adhesion disassembly

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a focal adhesion into its constituent components. [PMID:25490267]


DSC1 transcription factor complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an MBF transcription complex. [PMID:9303312]


negative regulation of protein localisation to chromatin

negative regulation of protein localization to chromatin

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to chromatin. [PMID:20889714, PMID:29899453]


positive regulation of protein localisation to chromatin

positive regulation of protein localization to chromatin

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to chromatin. [PMID:20889714, PMID:29899453]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of bile acid from a cell or a tissue. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph, PMID:22767443]


positive regulation of bile acid secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of bile acid from a cell or a tissue. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph, PMID:22767443]


negative regulation of bile acid secretion

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of bile acid from a cell or a tissue. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph, PMID:22767443]


down regulation of transcription termination from Pol II promoter

down regulation of termination of RNA polymerase II transcription

downregulation of termination of RNA polymerase II transcription

down regulation of RNA 3'-end formation by RNA polymerase II

down regulation of transcription termination from RNA polymerase II promoter

down-regulation of transcription termination from Pol II promoter

down-regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription termination

downregulation of RNA 3'-end formation by RNA polymerase II

down regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription termination

downregulation of transcription termination from Pol II promoter

down-regulation of transcription termination from RNA polymerase II promoter

negative regulation of transcription termination from Pol II promoter

down-regulation of termination of RNA polymerase II transcription

downregulation of RNA polymerase II transcription termination

negative regulation of transcription termination from RNA polymerase II promoter

downregulation of transcription termination from RNA polymerase II promoter

negative regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription termination

negative regulation of RNA 3'-end formation by RNA polymerase II

down-regulation of RNA 3'-end formation by RNA polymerase II

negative regulation of termination of RNA polymerase II transcription

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of termination of RNA polymerase II transcription. [GOC:krc, GOC:vw, PMID:29899453]


occluding cell junction assembly
occluding junction assembly

A cellular process that results in the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a tight junction. A tight junction seals cells together in an epithelium in a way that prevents even small molecules from leaking from one side of the sheet to the other. [GOC:rl]


occluding cell junction organization
occluding junction organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a tight junction. A tight junction seals cells together in an epithelium in a way that prevents even small molecules from leaking from one side of the sheet to the other. [GOC:krc, GOC:rl]


Any process involved in the dehiscence of an anther to release the pollen grains contained within it. [GOC:lr, PMID:30911018]


positive regulation of anther dehiscence

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of anther dehiscence. [GOC:lr, PMID:30911018]


negative regulation of anther dehiscence

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of anther dehiscence. [GOC:lr, PMID:30911018]


positive regulation of imaginal disc-derived wing size

Any process that increases the size of an imaginal disc-derived wing. [GOC:ha, PIMD:23485686]


The outer segment of a vertebrate cone photoreceptor that contains membrane discs that are contiguous with the ciliary membrane and containing opsin photoreceptor proteins. [GOC:krc, GOC:pde, PMID:19501669, PMID:26574505, PMID:6771304]


The outer segment of a vertebrate rod photoreceptor that contains sealed membrane discs that are not connected to the ciliary membrane and containing rhodopsin photoreceptor proteins. [GOC:krc, GOC:pde, PMID:19501669, PMID:26574505, PMID:6771304]


Stack of disc membranes located inside a cone photoreceptor outer segment, and containing densely packed molecules of opsin photoreceptor proteins that traverse the lipid bilayer. Cone disc membranes arise as evaginations of the ciliary membrane during the development of the cone outer segment and remain contiguous with the ciliary membrane. [GOC:krc, GOC:pde, PMID:19501669, PMID:26574505, PMID:6771304]


Stack of disc membranes located inside a rod photoreceptor outer segment, and containing densely packed molecules of rhodopsin photoreceptor proteins that traverse the lipid bilayer. It is thought that rod disc membranes arise as evaginations of the ciliary membrane near the base of the outer segment, which then become completely separated from the ciliary membrane, during the development of the rod outer segment. [GOC:krc, GOC:pde, PMID:19501669, PMID:26574505, PMID:6771304]


The volume enclosed by the membrane of a rod photoreceptor cell disc membrane. [GOC:krc, GOC:pde, PMID:19501669, PMID:26574505, PMID:6771304]


methylcytosine to 5-glyceryl-methylcytosine dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: methylcytosine + L-ascorbate + O2 = 5-glyceryl-methylcytosine + glyoxylate + CO2. [PMID:31043749]


The process of selecting and or marking the position where endocytosis will occur. [GOC:vw, PMID:30044717]


Telodendria are projections that originate from the axon pedicle and form gap junctions with other neurons. [GOC:cvs, GOC:krc, PMID:11074451, PMID:11506430, PMID:14755521, PMID:1646866, PMID:20533354, PMID:29127712, PMID:451992, PMID:8390352]


Cone telodendria are projections that originate from the cone pedicle and form gap junctions with other photoreceptors within the outer plexiform layer of the retina. [GOC:cvs, GOC:krc, PMID:29127712]


Rod telodendria are projections that originate from the rod pedicle and form gap junctions with other photoreceptors within the outer plexiform layer of the retina. [GOC:cvs, GOC:krc, PMID:14755521]


Fusion of the membrane of proacrosomal vesicle with the membrane of another proacrosomal vesicle to form the acrosome. [GOC:krc, PMID:29991750]


GTF activity
basal transcription factor activity
general transcription factor activity

general transcription initiation factor activity

A molecular function required for core promoter activity that mediates the assembly of the RNA polymerase holoenzyme at promoter DNA to form the pre-initiation complex (PIC). General transcription factors (GTFs) bind to and open promoter DNA, initiate RNA synthesis and stimulate the escape of the polymerase from the promoter. Not all subunits of the general transcription factor are necessarily present at all promoters to initiate transcription. GTFs act at each promoter, although the exact subunit composition at individual promoters may vary. [GOC:txnOH-2018]


Catalysis of the transient cleavage and passage of individual RNA strands or double helices through one another, resulting a topological transformation in RNA. [GOC:lnp, PMID:23912945, PMID:27257063]


5-hydroxytryptamine-gated cation-selective signalling pathway

5-HT-gated cation-selective signaling pathway

5-hydroxytryptamine-gated cation-selective signaling pathway

5-HT-gated cation-selective signalling pathway

serotonin-gated cation-selective signalling pathway

serotonin-gated cation-selective signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by serotonin binding to a seratonin receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by the movement of ions through a channel in the receptor complex. Ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. [GOC:bhm, PMID:25392484, PMID:27764665]


anterograde axonal transport of neurotransmitter receptor complex

The directed movement of a neurotransmitter receptor complex along microtubules from the cell body toward the cell periphery in nerve cell axons. [PMID:28680963]


intracellular cAMP activated cation channel activity involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential

intracellular cAMP-activated cation channel activity involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a cation by a channel that opens when intracellular cAMP has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts, to regulate the presynaptic membrane potential. [PMID:21358644]


intracellular cAMP activated cation channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential

intracellular cAMP-activated cation channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a cation by a channel that opens when intracellular cAMP has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts, to regulate the postsynaptic membrane potential. [GOC:pvn]


A polyadenylation event (the enzymatic addition of a sequence of adenylyl residues at the 3' end of an RNA molecule) that takes place at a postsynapse. [PMID:22727665]


Translation that occurs at the presynapse. [PMID:27321671]


translation at presynapse, modulating chemical synaptic transmission

Translation that occurs at the presynapse, and that modulates chemical synaptic transmission. [PMID:27321671]


A vesicle-mediated transport process in which the presynapse take up external materials or membrane constituents by the invagination of a small region of the plasma membrane to form a new membrane-bounded vesicle. [PMID:24719103]


A vesicle-mediated transport process in which the postsynapse take up external materials or membrane constituents by the invagination of a small region of the plasma membrane to form a new membrane-bounded vesicle. [PMID:12839988]


perforant pathway to DG granule cell synapse

perforant pathway to dendrate granule cell synapse

A neuron to neuron synapse of a pyramidal neuron in the entorhinal cortex onto a granule cell in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. [PMID:22727665, PMID:29199135]


Translation that occurs at the synapse. [PMID:23083742]


Translation that occurs at the postsynapse. [PMID:20427644]


Any process that regulates translation occurring at the synapse. [PMID:20427644]


Any process that regulates translation occurring at the presynapse. [PMID:20427644]


regulation of translation at postsynapse

Any process that regulates translation occurring at the postsynapse. [PMID:20427644]


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein at a synapse. [PMID:17062563]


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein at a presynapse. [PMID:27764673]


protein catabolic process at postsynapse

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein at a postsynapse. [PMID:17062563]


regulation protein catabolic process at synapse

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein at the synapse. [PMID:23083742]


regulation protein catabolic process at presynapse

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein at the presynapse. [PMID:27764673]


regulation protein catabolic process at postsynapse

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein at the postsynapse. [PMID:17062563]


regulation of cellular response to phosphate starvation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to phosphate starvation. [PMID:29414789]


negative regulation of cellular response to phosphate starvation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to phosphate starvation. [PMID:29414789]


Binding to a PRC1 complex. [PMID:15280237]


mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complex binding

Binding to a mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complex. [PMID:12110673]


Binding to a mRNA cap binding complex. [PMID:16938833]


Peroxisome-derived dense-core vesicle that seals septal pores upon hyphal lysis to prevent excessive cytoplasmic loss. It is specific to several genera of filamentous ascomycetes. [PMID:12640443, PMID:15155882, PMID:18227279, PMID:20707002, PMID:23882222]


viral entry via permeabilization of host membrane

The entry of a virus into the cytoplasm of a host cell, triggered by an interaction between the bilayer of a host membrane and a membrane-penetration capsid protein. Results in release of the virus contents into the host cell cytoplasm. [PMID:20427561, PMID:25055856]


endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane contact junction

endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane contact site

A contact site between the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and the plasma membrane, structured by bridging complexes. [PMID:23041194, PMID:27955928, PMID:29290560, PMID:29782498, PMID:30012696]


The directed movement of gluconate from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. [PMID:10735857]


The directed movement of hexose from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. [PMID:10735857]


Binding to a protein or protein complex from a different species, for example a pathogen molecule binding to a host protein. [PMID:28861068]


correction of mitotic kinetochore microtubule attachment defects

repair of mitotic kinetochore microtubule attachment defects

The mitotic cell cycle process where kinetochore microtubule attachment defects are corrected. [PMID:15525536]


correction of kinetochore microtubule attachment defects

repair of kinetochore microtubule attachment defects

The cell cycle process where kinetochore microtubule attachment defects are corrected. [PMID:15525536]


regulation of division septum formation involved in mitotic cell cycle

regulation of formation of division septum involved in mitotic cell cycle

regulation of mitotic division septum assembly

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic division septum formation. Division septum formation is the assembly and arrangement of a septum that spans the plasma membrane interface between progeny cells following cytokinesis. [PMID:22786806]


L-glutamate--lipid II transaminase activity

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl pentapeptide amidotransferase (glutamine-hydrolyzing) activity

carbon-nitrogen ligase activity on lipid II

Catalysis of the reaction: L-glutamine + lipid II + ATP + H2O = L-glutamate + beta-D-GlcNAc(1->4)-Mur2Ac(oyl-L-Ala-D-isoGln-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala)-diphospho-di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenol + ADP + phosphate. [PMID:22291598, PMID:30093673, PMID:30154570, RHEA:57928]


endoplasmic reticulum-endosome membrane contact site

A contact site between the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and the endosome membrane. [PMID:24105263, PMID:30220460]


The process by which early and late endosomes undergo budding and fission reactions that separate regions destined for lysosomal degradation from carriers to be recycled to the plasma membrane. [PMID:25416943, PMID:30220460]


The transfer, from NAD, of a single (mono) ADP-ribose molecule to protein amino acids. [PMID:25043379]


The removal of ADP-ribose from ADP-ribosylserine. [PMID:28650317, PMID:29234005]


The removal of ADP-ribose from ADP-ribosylglutamate. [PMID:23481255]


Catalysis of the reaction: (ADP-D-ribosyl)-L-seryl-[protein] + H2O = L-seryl-[protein] + ADP-ribose. [PMID:28650317, PMID:29234005]


Catalysis of the reaction: (ADP-D-ribosyl)-L-glutamyl-[protein] + H2O = L-glutamyl-[protein] + ADP-ribose. [PMID:23481255]


pathogen-derived receptor ligand activity

The activity of a pathogen-derived entity that interacts with a host receptor to activate effector-triggered immunity. [PMID:20601497]


general transcription initiation factor binding

Binding to a general transcription initiation factor, a protein that contributes to transcription start site selection and transcription initiation. [GOC:txnOH-2018]


DNA-binding transcription factor binding

Binding to a DNA-binding transcription factor, a protein that interacts with a specific DNA sequence (sometimes referred to as a motif) within the regulatory region of a gene to modulate transcription. [GOC:txnOH-2018]


Uptake of iron into a cell via binding to an extracellular receptor, which is internalized by endocytosis. [PMID:23092063]


small molecular sensor activity
small molecule sensing activity

Binding to a small molecule and eliciting a change in the protein's activity in response to the intracellular level of that small molecule. [PMID:26328879]


The process in which serine is transported from the cytosol into the mitochondrial matrix. [PMID:30442778]


The interactions (or cell to cell communication) that occur between the pollen grain (male gametophyte) and the stigmatic tissues of the female sporophyte after the pollen reaches the stigmatic papillae. [PMID:27899537]


The interactions (or cell to cell communication) that occur between the male gametophyte (pollen/pollen tube) and the stylar tissues of the female sporophyte. [PMID:27899537]


intramembrane lipid transporter activity

Enables the transport of a lipid from a region of a membrane to a different region on the same membrane. [PMID:16828084]


The activity of recognizing mature outer membrane lipoproteins in the inner membrane and releasing from the inner membrane so that they can be transported across the periplasmic space to their target location, the outer membrane. This function exists in diderm bacteria, mediated by the LolCDE complex. [PMID:10783239, PMID:21670534]


Binding to a protein to prevent it from interacting with other partners or to inhibit its localization to the area of the cell or complex where it is active. [PMID:1493333]


Binding directly to the structural scaffolding elements of a vesicle coat (such as clathrin or COPII), and bridging the membrane, cargo receptor, and membrane deformation machinery. [PMID:25795254]


Binding to a specific molecule to prevent it from interacting with other partners or to inhibit its localization to the area of the cell or complex where it is active. [PMID:13130076]


Binding to a calcium ion to prevent it from interacting with other partners or to inhibit its localization to the area of the cell or complex where it is active. [PMID:13130076]


Binding to an iron ion to prevent it from interacting with other partners or to inhibit its localization to the area of the cell or complex where it is active. [PMID:27780864]


The directed movement of a substance across the outer membrane in cells with two membranes. [PMID:15968039]


Directly binding to a specific protein and delivering it to a specific cellular location. [PMID:18706423]


Binding and sequestering a specific receptor ligand to prevent it from binding to its regular receptor. [Wikipedia:Decoy_receptors]


pathogen-associated molecular pattern receptor decoy activity

pattern recognition receptor decoy activity

Binding and sequestering PAMP ligands in order to prevent them from binding and activating to the host PAMP receptor. Usually this activity is encoded by a symbiont or a pathogen to prevent activation of the host innate immune response. [PMID:20724636]


negative regulation by symbiont of host autophagy

Any process in which a symbiont organism decreases the frequency, rate or extent of autophagy in the host cell. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [GOC:pg]


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: anion(in) + solute(out) = anion(out) + solute(in). [GOC:pg]


negative regulation of protein localization to medial cortex

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to the medial cortex. [PMID:30853434]


ATPase-coupled intramembrane lipid transporter activity

Catalysis of the movement of lipids from one membrane leaflet to the other, driven by ATP hydrolysis. This includes flippases and floppases. [PMID:16828084]


floppase activity (cytosolic to exoplasmic leaftlet)

Catalysis of the movement of a lipid from the cytosolic to the exoplasmic leaftlet of a membrane, using energy from the hydrolysis of ATP. [PMID:20043909, PMID:25284293, Wikipedia:Flippase]


The movement of a lysophospholipid molecule from one leaflet of a membrane bilayer to the opposite leaflet. [PMID:15661733]


xenobiotic detoxification by transmembrane export across the cell outer membrane

A process that reduces or removes the toxicity of a xenobiotic by exporting it outside the cell through the outer membrane. [PMID:11948170]


The movement of an aminophospholipid molecule from one leaflet of a membrane bilayer to the opposite leaflet. [GOC:pg]


intermembrane lipopolysaccharide transfer activity

intermembrane lipopolysaccharide transporter activity

Removes a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from the outer leaflet of a donor membrane, transports it through the aqueous phase while protected in a hydrophobic pocket, and brings it to the outer leaflet of an acceptor membrane. [PMID:24639492]


glycerophospholipid flippase activity (exoplasmic to cytosolic leaftlet)

Catalysis of the movement of a glycerophospholipid from the exoplasmic to the cytosolic leaftlet of a membrane, using energy from the hydrolysis of ATP. [PMID:26212235]


lipopolysaccharide localization to cell outer membrane

A process in which a lipopolysaccharide is transported to the cell outer membrane. [PMID:24639492]


Directly binding to diacylglyceride and delivering it either to an acceptor molecule or to a specific location. [PMID:9132017]


Removes a sphingomyelin from the outer leaflet of a donor membrane, transports it through the aqueous phase while protected in a hydrophobic pocket, and brings it to the outer leaflet of an acceptor membrane. [PMID:9132017]


Directly binding to phosphatidylglycerol and delivering it either to an acceptor molecule or to a specific location. [PMID:9132017]


Directly binding to a cerebroside and delivering it either to an acceptor molecule or to a specific location. [PMID:9132017]


phosphatidylethanolamine floppase activity (cytosolic to exoplasmic leaftlet)

Catalysis of the movement of phosphatidylethanolamine from the cytosolic to the exoplasmic leaftlet of a membrane, using energy from the hydrolysis of ATP. [PMID:10029989]


Removes phosphatidylserine from the outer leaflet of a donor membrane, transports it through the aqueous phase while protected in a hydrophobic pocket, and brings it to the outer leaflet of an acceptor membrane. [PMID:26206935]


Directly binding to a triglyceride and delivering it either to an acceptor molecule or to a specific location. [PMID:23475612]


phosphatidylcholine flippase activity (exoplasmic to cytosolic leaftlet)

Catalysis of the movement of phosphatidylcholine from the exoplasmic to the cytosolic leaftlet of a membrane, using energy from the hydrolysis of ATP. [PMID:11870854]


phosphatidylserine flippase activity (exoplasmic to cytosolic leaftlet)

Catalysis of the movement of phosphatidylserine from the exoplasmic to the cytosolic leaftlet of a membrane, using energy from the hydrolysis of ATP. [PMID:11870854]


N-retinylidene-phosphatidylethanolamine flippase activity (exoplasmic to cytosolic leaftlet)

Catalysis of the movement of N-retinylidene-N-retinylphosphatidylethanolamine from the exoplasmic to the cytosolic leaftlet of a membrane, using energy from the hydrolysis of ATP. [PMID:10412977]


lysophosphatidylcholine flippase activity (exoplasmic to cytosolic leaftlet)

Catalysis of the movement of lysophosphatidylcholine from the exoplasmic to the cytosolic leaftlet of a membrane, using energy from the hydrolysis of ATP. [PMID:26945070]


glycosylceramide flippase activity (exoplasmic to cytosolic leaftlet)

Catalysis of the movement of glycosylceramide from the exoplasmic to the cytosolic leaftlet of a membrane, using energy from the hydrolysis of ATP. Glycosylceramides are ceramides containing a functional group derived from a sugar. [PMID:30530492]


The directed movement of a lipid from a cell, into the extracellular region. [GOC:pg]


The directed movement of heme from inside the vacuole across the vacuolar membrane and into the cytosol. [PMID:28193844]


The series of molecular signals initiated by an extracellular amylin, or another ligand, combining with an amylin receptor 1 (AMY1), a G protein-coupled receptor complex, on the surface of the target cell. Other ligands that have been shown to initiate the AMY1 signaling pathway include the calcitonin related peptide (CGRP) and adrenomedullin (AM/ADM). [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:22500019]


The series of molecular signals initiated by an extracellular amylin, or another ligand, combining with an amylin receptor 2 (AMY2), a G protein-coupled receptor complex, on the surface of the target cell. The AMY2 signaling pathway can also be initiated by adrenomedullin (AM/ADM). [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:22500019]


The series of molecular signals initiated by an extracellular amylin, or another ligand, combining with an amylin receptor 3 (AMY3), a G protein-coupled receptor complex, on the surface of the target cell. The AMY3 signaling pathway can also be initiated by the amyloid-beta complex. AMY3 signaling results in increased import of calcium ions into the cytosol across plasma membrane, increased phosphorylation of ERK1/2, Act, and a PKA regulatory subunit II, as well as increased expression of cFos. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:22500019]


Synaptic pruning mediated by complement system signalling. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:18083105, PMID:22632727, PMID:29844190]


Early postnatal vertebrate developmental process, during which axons of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), transmitting overlapping inputs from both eyes, segregate into distinct eye-specific non-overlapping regions in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) of the thalamus. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:16025107, PMID:22632727, PMID:29322522]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of deacetylase activity. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:19457097]


negative regulation of deacetylase activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of deacetylase activity. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:19457097]


regulation of tubulin deacetylase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of tubulin deacetylase activity. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:19457097]


positive regulation of tubulin deacetylase activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of tubulin deacetylase activity. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc]


negative regulation of tubulin deacetylase activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of tubulin deacetylase activity. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:19457097]


negative regulation of arginase activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of arginase activity. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc]


positive regulation of arginase activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of arginase activity. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:26670206]


regulation of protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase activity. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:26670206]


positive regulation of protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase activity. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:26670206]


negative regulation of protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase activity. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc]


nervous tissue inflammatory response
neural tissue inflammatory response
nerve tissue inflammatory response

The immediate defensive reaction by neural vertebrate tissue to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:10981966, PMID:11099416, PMID:18164423]


regulation of neuroinflammatory response

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neuroinflammatory response. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:10981966, PMID:11099416, PMID:18164423]


positive regulation of neuroinflammatory response

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuroinflammatory response. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc]


negative regulation of neuroinflammatory response

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuroinflammatory response. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:11099416, PMID:18164423]


multisynaptic bouton
multi-synaptic bouton
multi-synapse bouton
multisynapse bouton
MSB
multiple-synapse bouton
multiple spine synapse bouton

A single axon terminal bouton making contact onto two or more dendritic spines protruding either from a single dendrite or from multiple dendrites. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:10586883, PMID:11248111, PMID:11466428, PMID:18501438, PMID:22028887, PMID:29774619, PMID:7482800, PMID:8366344]


type 1 multi-synaptic bouton
MSB1
type 1 multi-synapse bouton
type 1 multiple spine synapse bouton
type 1 multiple-synapse bouton
type 1 multisynapse bouton
type 1 multisynaptic bouton

multiple synapse bouton, contacting single dendrite

A single axon terminal bouton making contact onto two or more dendritic spines protruding from the same dendrite. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:10586883, PMID:11248111, PMID:22028887, PMID:24487234]


type 2 multisynaptic bouton
MSB2
type 2 multi-synapse bouton
type 2 multi-synaptic bouton
type 2 multisynapse bouton
type 2 multiple-synapse bouton
type 2 multiple spine synapse bouton

multiple synapse bouton, contacting multiple dendrites

A single axon terminal bouton making contact onto two or more dendritic spines protruding from multiple dendrites. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:10586883, PMID:11248111, PMID:22028887, PMID:24487234, PMID:7482800, PMID:8366344]


A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a synapse between a multiple synapse bouton and one or more dendritic spines. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:10586883, PMID:11248111, PMID:11466428, PMID:18501438, PMID:22028887, PMID:29774619, PMID:7482800, PMID:8366344]


multiple spine synapse organization, single dendrite

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a synapse between a multiple synapse bouton and a single dendrite. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:10586883, PMID:11248111, PMID:22028887, PMID:24487234]


multiple spine synapse organization, multiple dendrites

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a synapse between a multiple synapse bouton and two or more dendritic spines protruding either from a single dendrite or from multiple dendrites. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:10586883, PMID:11248111, PMID:22028887, PMID:24487234, PMID:7482800, PMID:8366344]


A process that modulates synaptic scaling. Synaptic scaling is a form of synaptic plasticity, which entails uniform adjustments in the strength of all synapses on a cell in response to prolonged changes in the electrical activity of the cell. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:14630218, PMID:14735113, PMID:16547515]


The process in which amyloid-beta is removed from extracellular brain regions by cell surface receptor-mediated endocytosis, followed by transcytosis across the blood-brain barrier. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:26005850]


amyloid-beta clearance by cellular catabolic process

The process in which amyloid-beta is removed from extracellular brain regions by cell surface receptor-mediated endocytosis, followed by intracellular degradation. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:18289866]


glia-neurone signaling
glia-neuron signaling
glial cell- neuron signalling
glial cell-neurone signalling
glia-neurone signalling
glial cell-neurone singaling
glia-neuron signalling

Cell-cell signaling that mediates the transfer of information from a glial cell to a neuron. This signaling has been shown to be mediated by various molecules, depending on which glial cells release them, and in which tissues the signalling occurs, e.g. microglial cell-derived nerve growth factor (NGF) in the retina, or microglial cell-derived superoxide ions in the cerebellum. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:14980203, PMID:16144764, PMID:16547515, PMID:18685038, PMID:27788368, PMID:9459440]


neuron-glia signaling
neurone-glia signalling
neuron-glial cell signalling
neurone-glial cell signaling
neurone-glial cell signalling
neurone-glia signaling
neuron-glia signalling

Cell-cell signaling that mediates the transfer of information from a neuron to a glial cell. This signalling has been shown to be mediated by various molecules released by different types of neurons, e.g. glutamate, gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA), noradrenaline, acetylcholine, dopamine and adenosine. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:10195197, PMID:10196584, PMID:10377338, PMID:10493741, PMID:11356870, PMID:11399439, PMID:15252819, PMID:27788368]


regulation of microtubule anchoring at centrosome

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of microtubule anchoring at centrosome. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:17139249]


negative regulation of monocyte activation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of monocyte activation. [GOC:aruk, PMID:15597323]


regulation of iron ion import into cell by regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter

A regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter that results in regulation of iron ion import. [GOC:mah, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:18622392]


Removes a ceramide 1-phosphate from a membrane or a monolayer lipid particle, transports it through the aqueous phase while protected in a hydrophobic pocket, and brings it to an acceptor membrane or lipid particle. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23863933]


negative regulation of potassium ion import across plasma membrane

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of potassium ion import across the plasma membrane. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11, GOC:rl, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:10636900]


The directed movement of iron ions from inside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the extracellular region. [GO_REF:0000074, GOC:BHF, GOC:kom, GOC:rl, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:15514116]


regulation of iron export across plasma membrane

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of export of iron ions from inside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the extracellular region. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:BHF, GOC:kom, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:15514116]


negative regulation of iron export across plasma membrane

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of export of iron ions from inside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the extracellular region. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:BHF, GOC:kom, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:15514116]


positive regulation of iron export across plasma membrane

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of export of iron ions from inside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the extracellular region. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:BHF, GOC:kom, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:15514116]


Removes phosphatidylethanolamine from a membrane or a monolayer lipid particle, transports it through the aqueous phase while protected in a hydrophobic pocket, and brings it to an acceptor membrane or lipid particle. [GO_REF:0000066, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:8606365]


regulation of iron ion import across plasma membrane

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of iron ions import across plasma membrane. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:BHF, GOC:kom, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:18353247]


negative regulation of iron ion import across plasma membrane

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of iron ions import across plasma membrane. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:BHF, GOC:kom, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:18353247]


positive regulation of iron ion import across plasma membrane

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of iron ions import across plasma membrane. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:BHF, GOC:kom, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:18353247]


regulation of xenobiotic detoxification by transmembrane export across the plasma membrane

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of xenobiotic transmembrane export. A xenobiotic is a compound foreign to the organim exposed to it. It may be synthesized by another organism (like ampicilin) or it can be a synthetic chemical. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:krc, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:15198509]


negative regulation of xenobiotic detoxification by transmembrane export across the plasma membrane

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of xenobiotic transmembrane export. A xenobiotic is a compound foreign to the organim exposed to it. It may be synthesized by another organism (like ampicilin) or it can be a synthetic chemical. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:krc, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:15198509]


positive regulation of xenobiotic detoxification by transmembrane export across the plasma membrane

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of xenobiotic transmembrane export. A xenobiotic is a compound foreign to the organim exposed to it. It may be synthesized by another organism (like ampicilin) or it can be a synthetic chemical. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:krc, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:15198509]


intermembrane PA transfer activity
phosphatidic acid carrier activity

Removes a phosphatidic acid from a membrane or a monolayer lipid particle, transports it through the aqueous phase while protected in a hydrophobic pocket, and brings it to an acceptor membrane or lipid particle. Phosphatidic acid refers to a glycophospholipids with, in general, a saturated fatty acid bonded to carbon-1, an unsaturated fatty acid bonded to carbon-2, and a phosphate group bonded to carbon-3. [PMID:23042293]


xenobiotic detoxification by transmembrane export across the plasma membrane

A process that reduces or removes the toxicity of a xenobiotic by exporting it outside the cell. [PMID:28355133]


xenobiotic transport across blood-brain barrier

The directed movement of a xenobiotic through the blood-brain barrier. [PMID:25053619]


positive regulation of septum digestion after cytokinesis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the process of physically separating the septal cell wall material by enzymatic digestion, that occurs after daughter cells are separated by cytokinesis. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle, GOC:obol]


The selective autophagy process in which a damaged lysosome is degraded by macroautophagy. [PMID:28743755]


glycolipid floppase activity (cytosolic to exoplasmic leaftlet)

Catalysis of the movement of a glycolipid from the cytosolic to the exoplasmic leaftlet of a membrane, using energy from the hydrolysis of ATP. [GOC:krc, PMID:11807558]


The directed movement of a lipid from outside of a cell into a cell. This may occur via transport across the plasma membrane or via endocytosis. [GOC:pg]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of arginase activity. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:26670206]


transport across BBB
transport across blood brain barrier

The directed movement of substances (e.g. macromolecules, small molecules, ions) through the blood-brain barrier. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:29377008]


up-regulation of formation of division septum involved in mitotic cell cycle

up-regulation of division septum formation involved in mitotic cell cycle

up regulation of formation of division septum involved in mitotic cell cycle

up-regulation of septin assembly and septum formation involved in mitotic cell cycle

upregulation of septin assembly and septum formation involved in mitotic cell cycle

upregulation of division septum formation involved in mitotic cell cycle

up-regulation of mitotic division septum assembly

upregulation of septin assembly and septum biosynthesis involved in mitotic cell cycle

upregulation of formation of division septum involved in mitotic cell cycle

up regulation of division septum formation involved in mitotic cell cycle

up regulation of mitotic division septum assembly

up-regulation of septin assembly and septum biosynthesis involved in mitotic cell cycle

up regulation of septin assembly and septum formation involved in mitotic cell cycle

up regulation of septin assembly and septum biosynthesis involved in mitotic cell cycle


epithelial cell differentiation from mesenchymal cell

A transition where a mesenchymal cell establishes apical/basolateral polarity, forms intercellular adhesive junctions, synthesizes basement membrane components and becomes an epithelial cell. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


The process in which a nerve invades a tissue and makes functional synaptic connection within the tissue. [GOC:dph, GOC:sart]


ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase activity, thioredoxin disulfide as acceptor

Catalysis of the reaction: 2'-deoxyribonucleoside diphosphate + thioredoxin disulfide + H2O = ribonucleoside diphosphate + thioredoxin. Thioredoxin disulfide is the oxidized form of thioredoxin. [EC:1.17.4.1]


Reversible aggregate of misfolded proteins and chaperones formed to shield thermosensitive proteins from degradation until conditions allow disaggregation and refolding. [PMID:32075773]


contractile vacuole complex
contractile vacuole complex location

A non-membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells, especially Protozoa, that fills with water from the cytoplasm and then discharges this externally. One of its functions is osmoregulatory. [PMID:23890380]


P-type transmembrane transporter activity

Primary active transporter that auto-phosphorylates (hence P) at a key conserved aspartate residue, generating a conformational change that allows transport of the substrate. Hydrolysis of the phosphorylated Asp residue, catalyzed by the actuator (A) domain, results in another state with occluded substrates. Upon dissociation of Mg2+ and inorganic phosphate (Pi), the enzyme reverts to the initial state, in which the counter-transported substrate is released into the cytosol. [PMID:18075584, PMID:25918123]


A centrosome-based structure consisting of two cylindrical microtubule-based centrioles and associated components which anchors the flagellum to the sperm head. [GOC:krc, PMID:24415959, PMID:30032984]


negative regulation of biomineralisation

negative regulation of biomineralization

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of biomineralization, the formation and deposition of mineral crystals by living organisms. [PMID:22992051]


RNA polymerase I transcription regulator complex location

A transcription factor complex that acts at a regulatory region of a gene transcribed by RNA polymerase I. [GOC:mah]


cell-cell adhesion involved in flocculation via cell wall protein-carbohydrate interaction


The assembly of chromatin characterized by the modified histone H3K9me3, into heterochromatin, resulting in the repression of transcription of rDNA. [PMID:10219245]


RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding

Binding to a specific upstream regulatory DNA sequence (transcription factor recognition sequence or binding site) located in cis relative to the transcription start site (i.e., on the same strand of DNA) of a gene transcribed by RNA polymerase II. [GOC:txnOH-2018]


cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding

Binding to a specific upstream regulatory DNA sequence (transcription factor recognition sequence or binding site) located in cis relative to the transcription start site (i.e., on the same strand of DNA) of a gene transcribed by some RNA polymerase. The proximal promoter is in cis with and relatively close to the core promoter. [GOC:txnOH-2018]


RNA polymerase III transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding

Binding to a DNA region that controls the transcription of a gene by RNA polymerase III. Binding may occur as a sequence specific interaction or as an interaction observed only once a factor has been recruited to the DNA by other factors. [GOC:txnOH, GOC:vw, PMID:12381659]


RNA polymerase I cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding

Binding to a specific upstream regulatory DNA sequence (transcription factor recognition sequence or binding site) located in cis relative to the transcription start site (i.e., on the same strand of DNA) of a gene transcribed by RNA polymerase I. RNA polymerase I elements are referred to either enhancers or upstream control element (UCE, or alternately referred to as the upstream element). [GOC:txnOH, PMID:12865296, PMID:14969726, PMID:8057832]


RNA polymerase I enhancer sequence-specific DNA binding


Combining with ADP and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex. [GOC:mah, GOC:signaling, PMID:11196645]


Combining with a polysaccharide and transmitting the signal to initiate an innate immune response. A polysaccharide is a polymer of many (typically more than 10) monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically. [PMID:14707091]


intracellular endosomal pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a ligand to an intracellular vesicle pattern recognition receptor (PRR). PRRs bind pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMPs), structures conserved among microbial species. [GOC:add, GOC:ar, ISBN:0781735149, PMID:15199967]


stress-activated protein kinase activity


The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of an egg chorion. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. [GOC:mah, GOC:sensu]


transcription regulator complex location

A protein complex that is capable of associating with DNA by direct binding, or via other DNA-binding proteins or complexes, and regulating transcription. [GOC:jl]


DNA methylation-dependent heterochromatin assembly

Repression of transcription by methylation of DNA, leading to the formation of heterochromatin. [GOC:mah]


positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity by EOR


innate immune response-activating signal transduction

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a pathogen or microbial effector binding to a plant 'resistance-gene' receptor to activate a plant immune response, usually plant-type hypersensitive response. [GOC:jy, GOC:mah, PMID:11418339, PMID:28105028]


regulation of RNAi-mediated heterochromatin assembly

regulation of heterochromatin assembly by small RNA

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of heterochromatin assembly by small RNA. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


ATPase-coupled L-glutamine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + glutamine(out) -> ADP + phosphate + glutamine(in). [EC:7.4.2.1]


ATPase-coupled glutamine transmembrane transporter activity


ATPase-coupled D-xylose transmembrane transporter activity


pantothenate anabolism from 2-oxypantoyl lactone


pantothenate biosynthesis from 2-oxypantoyl lactone


pantothenate biosynthetic process from 2-oxypantoyl lactone


pantothenate formation from 2-oxypantoyl lactone


pantothenate synthesis from 2-oxypantoyl lactone


Combining with a peptidoglycan and transmitting the signal to initiate an innate immune response. [PMID:14698226]


modulation by virus of host anatomical structure or process


modulation by virus of host morphology or physiology


regulation by virus of antiviral response

mitigation by virus of host immune response

regulation of defense response to virus by virus

regulation of antiviral response by virus

mitigation of host immune response by virus

mitigation of host antiviral defense response

A process by which a virus avoids or tolerates the effects of its host organism's defenses. Host defenses may be induced by the presence of the virus or may be preformed (e.g. physical barriers). The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [ISBN:1555811272]


heterophilic cell adhesion involved in cytoadherence to microvasculature, mediated by parasite protein


The binding activity of a molecule that provides a physical support bridging a synaptic signaling receptor and a downstream signaling molecule. [PMID:10506216]