negative regulation of ferrichrome biosynthetic process in response to iron

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate of ferrichrome biosynthetic process in response to an iron stimulus. [GOC:al]


The process by which, in some fungal species, hyphae grow as a network of invasive thread-like filaments formed from chains of attached cells within a solid or semi-solid substrate. [GOC:di, PMID:10021365]


acquisition of mycelium reproductive competence

A maturation process by which an organism acquires the ability to reproduce. In fungi, reproductive competence only occurs in a population of filamentous cells that form a mycelium. [GOC:di, PMID:23864594]


A section of the Actinobacterium-type cell wall composed of (phenyl)phthiocerol, phthiodiolone, phthiotriol dimycocerosate, diphthioceranate and other compounds. [GOC:pr]


exosome biogenesis
exosome assembly or secretion
exosome production

The assembly and secretion of an extracellular exosome, a membrane-bounded vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. [GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, PMID:19442504, PMID:25392495]


non-motile 9+0 cilium
9+0 immotile cilium

A non-motile cilium where the axoneme has a ring of nine outer microtubule doublets but no central microtubules (and is therefore called a 9+0 axoneme). [GOC:cilia, PMID:22118931]


A cilium which may have a variable array of axonemal microtubules but does not contain molecular motors. [GOC:cilia, GOC:dgh, GOC:kmv, PMID:17009929, PMID:20144998, PMID:22118931]


A motile cilium where the axoneme has a ring of nine outer microtubule doublets plus two central microtubules (and is therefore called a 9+2 axoneme). [GOC:cilia, PMID:22118931]


A motile cilium where the axoneme has a ring of nine outer microtubule doublets but no central microtubules (and is therefore called a 9+0 axoneme). [GOC:cilia, PMID:10330409, PMID:22118931]


lamina-associated polypeptide, emerin, MAN1 domain binding

Binding to a LEM domain. The LEM domain (for lamina-associated polypeptide, emerin, MAN1 domain) is present in a group of nuclear proteins that bind chromatin through interaction of the LEM motif with the conserved DNA crosslinking protein, barrier-to-autointegration factor (BAF). [GOC:rz, InterPro:IPR003887, PMID:22399800]


histone lysine H3 K79 dimethylation
histone H3 K79 dimethylation

The modification of histone H3 by addition of two methyl groups to lysine at position 79 of the histone. [GOC:hbye, PMID:27541139]


amoeboid sperm movement
ameboid sperm motility
ameboid sperm movement

Any process involved in the controlled movement of an amoeboid sperm cell. [GOC:cilia, GOC:krc]


Any intracellular signal transduction in which the signal is passed on within the cell by activation of a transcription factor as a consequence of dephosphorylation by Ca(2+)-activated calcineurin. The process begins with calcium-dependent activation of the phosphatase calcineurin. Calcineurin is a calcium- and calmodulin-dependent serine/threonine protein phosphatase with a conserved function in eukaryotic species from yeast to humans. In yeast and fungi, calcineurin regulates stress signaling and cell cycle, and sporulation and virulence in pathogenic fungi. In metazoans, calcineurin is involved in cell commitment, organogenesis and organ development and immune function of T-lymphocytes. By a conserved mechanism, calcineurin phosphatase activates fungal Crz1 and mammalian NFATc by dephosphorylation and translocation of these transcription factors to the nucleus to regulate gene expression. [GOC:di, PMID:25655284, PMID:25878052, PMID:26851544]


Binding to a disordered domain of a protein. [GOC:gg, PMID:11746698]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a viscosity stimulus. [GOC:sl, PMID:7061416]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a viscosity stimulus. [GOC:sl, PMID:7061416]


dolichol-phosphate-mannose synthase regulator activity

Binds to and modulates the activity of dolichol-phosphate-mannose synthase. [GOC:vw, PMID:10835346]


vesicle targeting, trans-Golgi to periciliary membrane compartment

The process in which vesicles formed at the trans-Golgi network are directed to the plasma membrane surrounding the base of the cilium, including the ciliary pocket, mediated by molecules at the vesicle membrane and target membrane surfaces. [GOC:cilia, PMID:20106869, PMID:23351793, PMID:24814148, PMID:26485645, Reactome:R-HSA-5620920.1]


ciliary basal body-plasma membrane docking

The docking of a cytosolic centriole/basal body to the plasma membrane via the ciliary transition fibers. In some species this may happen via an intermediate step, by first docking to the ciliary vesicle via the ciliary transition fibers. The basal body-ciliary vesicle then relocates to the plasma membrane, followed by the ciliary vesicle fusing with the plasma membrane, effectively attaching the basal body to the plasma membrane. [GOC:cilia, PMID:13978319, PMID:23348840, PMID:23530209, PMID:25686250, PMID:26981235, Reactome:R-HSA-5620912.1]


The series of events leading to growth of connective tissue when loss of tissues that are incapable of regeneration occurs, or when fibrinous exudate cannot be adequately cleared. [GOC:bc, GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, PMID:25590961]


receptor localization to non-motile cilium

A process in which a receptor is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a non-motile cilium. [GOC:cilia, GOC:kmv, PMID:23128241]


protein localization to non-motile cilium

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a non-motile cilium. [GOC:cilia, GOC:kmv, PMID:23128241]


A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a supramolecular fiber, a polymer consisting of an indefinite number of protein or protein complex subunits that have polymerised to form a fiber-shaped structure. [GOC:pr]


telomere maintenance via telomere trimming

A process that contributes to the maintenance of proper telomeric length and structure via the activation of telomere shortening pathways that compensate telomerase-dependent excessive telomere elongation. Telomere attrition is mediated by a mechanism which involves the generation of single-stranded C-rich telomeric DNA, and the formation and removal of double-stranded telomeric circular DNA (T-circles). Telomere trimming is an independent pathway to recombination-mediated telomere elongation and the well-documented gradual telomere attrition that accompanies cellular replication. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_telomere, GOC:nc, PMID:27918544]


Binding to a meprin and TRAF homology (MATH) domain. [InterPro:IPR002083, PMID:22621901]


The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a DNA repair complex. [GOC:pg, PMID:27113759, PMID:27233470]


A region of a chromosome at which DNA damage has occurred. DNA damage signaling and repair proteins accumulate at the lesion to respond to the damage and repair the DNA to form a continuous DNA helix. [GOC:pg]


A cellular structure consisting of parallel, hexagonally arranged actin tubules, comprising filamentous actin and disulfide cross-linked cofilin multimers. [GOC:sl, PMID:22573689, PMID:24760020]


cellular response to VLDL particle stimulus

cellular response to very-low-density lipoprotein particle stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a very-low-density lipoprotein particle stimulus. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc]


Any process that decreases brood size. Brood size is the number of progeny that survive embryogenesis and are cared for at one time. [GOC:rz]


Any process that increases brood size. Brood size is the number of progeny that survive embryogenesis and are cared for at one time. [GOC:rz]


dynamic polarity patch at the cell cortex

A region of the cell cortex that contains a higher concentration of growth polarity factors than the surrounding cortex and that changes position over time. An example is found in fission yeast cells during early mating, in which the GTPase Cdc42 dynamically to discrete zones within the cortex prior to shmoo formation. [GOC:mah, PMID:23200991]


The non-central region or periphery of the migrating motile tip of a growing nerve cell axon or dendrite. [GOC:sl, PMID:16260607]


The center of the migrating motile tip of a growing nerve cell axon or dendrite. [GOC:sl, PMID:16260607]


The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of two or more different receptor complexes that individually undergo combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to form a higher level receptor complex. The formation of the higher level complex initiates a change in cell function. [GOC:dox, GOC:pad, GOC:PARL, PMID:22035699, PMID:24157794]


primary adaptive immune response involving T cells and B cells

An adaptive immune response mediated by naive T or B cells against an antigen not previously encountered by immune system. [GOC:add, PMID:26831526]


An adaptive immune response against an antigen not previously encountered by immune system. [GOC:add, PMID:26831526]


An adaptive immune effector response involving T cells and B lineage cells. In the case of B lineage cells, the effector cells are the antibody secreting plasma cells whereas for T cells the effector cells may be helper T cells or cytotoxic T cells. [GOC:add, ISBN:1405196831]


An adaptive immune response that involves one or more immune effector processes and takes place during the effector phase of the adaptive immune response. [GOC:add, ISBN:1405196831]


adaptive immune memory response involving T cells and B cells

An immune response mediated by reactivated memory T cells and B cells and directed against a previously encountered antigen, being quicker and quantitatively better compared with the primary response. [GOC:add, PMID:26831526]


An immune response directed against a previously encountered antigen, being quicker and quantitatively better compared with the primary response. [GOC:add, PMID:26831526]


Any immunological memory process that can contribute to the formation of immunological memory. [GOC:add, PMID:26086132, PMID:26831526]


An immune response mediated by the innate immune system and directed against a previously encountered immunologic stimulus, being quicker and quantitatively better compared with the initial response to that stimulus. [GOC:add, PMID:26086132]


Any process of the immune system that can contribute to the formation of immunological memory or an immune response based upon activation of immunological memory. [GOC:add, PMID:26086132, PMID:26831526]


The end of the outer hair cell which receives and transmits neural signals. [GOC:sl, PMID:12845523]


Catalysis of the reaction: FMN + H2O = riboflavin + phosphate. [EC:3.1.3.102, PMID:16183635]


Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + (R)-mevalonate 5-phosphate = ADP + isopentenyl phosphate + CO2 + phosphate. [EC:4.1.1.99, MetaCyc:RXN-10067, PMID:24375100]


regulation of timing of plant organ formation

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of plant organ formation at a consistent predetermined time point during development. [GOC:tb]


specification of plant organ axis polarity

The process in which the polarity of a plant organ axis is specified. [GOC:tb]


establishment of plant organ orientation

The process that determines the orientation of a plant organ or tissue with reference to an axis. [GOC:tb]


The regionalization process in which information that determines the correct position at which plant organ primordia are formed is generated and perceived resulting in correct positioning of the new plant organ. [GOC:tb, PMID:9611175]


A plant cell papilla that is part of a trichome cell. [GOC:tb, PMID:24014871]


Catalysis of the reaction: nicotinate + UDP-D-glucose = O-D-glucosylnicotinate + UDP. [GOC:tb, PMID:26116607]


The regionalization process in which the identity of a plant organ primordium is specified. Identity is considered to be the aggregate of characteristics by which a structure is recognized. [GOC:tb]


The process in which the identity of a plant organ is maintained. Identity is considered to be the aggregate of characteristics by which a structure is recognized. [GOC:tb, PMID:9090883]


The process, occurring after plant embryonic development, by which anatomical structures are generated and organized. [GOC:tb]


post-embryonic plant organ morphogenesis

Morphogenesis, during the post-embryonic phase, of a plant tissue or tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Morphogenesis pertains to process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions. [GOC:tb]


Development, taking place during the post-embryonic phase of a plant tissue or tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Development pertains to the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a structure over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions. [GOC:tb]


A plant organ developmental process during which a plant dismantles cellular components to reclaim the cellular building blocks and nutrients that have been deposited in the plant organs during growth. [GOC:tb, PMID:17177638, PMID:34938309]


The site on the mitochondrial membrane where the separation of a single continuous mitochondrial membrane into two membranes occurs as a final step in mitochondrial fission. [GOC:bc, GOC:PARL, PMID:26618722]


The regionalization process that specifies plant organ primordium boundaries resulting in a restriction of organogenesis to a limited spatial domain and keeping the organ separate from surrounding tissues. [GOC:tb]


The 'trough' of the cleavage furrow. This is the part of the cleavage furrow closest to the contractile ring. [GOC:vw, PMID:27082518]


The part of the cleavage furrow closest to the cell surface. [GOC:vw, PMID:27082518]


glycine betaine-activated nonselective monovalent cation channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a monovalent cation by a channel that opens when glycine betaine has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts. [GOC:kmv, PMID:24212673]


A macromolecular localization process in which RNA is transported to and maintained in a location within the nucleus. [GOC:mah, PMID:26305931]


contact chemosensation receptor activity

A non-GPCR transmembrane signaling receptor activity that is responsible for contact chemoreception. [GOC:hat, GOC:tb]


G-protein coupled receptor sweet taste receptor activity

A G protein-coupled receptor activity that is responsible for the sense of sweet taste. [GOC:hat, GOC:tb]


G-protein coupled receptor bitter taste receptor activity

G protein-coupled receptor bitter taste receptor activity

A G protein-coupled receptor activity that is responsible for the sense of bitter taste. [GOC:hat, GOC:tb]


G-protein-coupled taste receptor activity

G-protein coupled taste receptor activity

A G protein-coupled receptor activity that is responsible for the sense of taste. [GOC:hat, GOC:tb]


disruption by virus of host outer membrane

A process by which a virus has a negative effect on the functioning of a host outer membrane. [PMID:17900620]


cell differentiation involved in phenotypic switching

A cell differentiation process that is a part of a reversible switch of a cell from one cell type or form to another, at a frequency above the expected frequency for somatic mutations. [GOC:curators]


cell dedifferentiation involved in phenotypic switching

A cell dedifferentiation process that is a part of a reversible switch of a cell from one cell type or form to another, at a frequency above the expected frequency for somatic mutations. [GOC:curators]


A phenotypic switching process where a cell reversibly differentiates and dedifferentiates from one cell type into another. [GOC:curators]


receptor-mediated endocytosis involved in cholesterol transport

A receptor-mediated endocytosis process involved in intracellular cholesterol transport. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:pr, GOC:tb]


5-carbamoylmethyl uridine residue modification

The chemical reactions and pathways involving the addition of a 5-carbamoylmethyl group to a uridine residue in RNA. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a shelterin complex. A shelterin complex is a nuclear telomere cap complex that is formed by the association of telomeric ssDNA- and dsDNA-binding proteins with telomeric DNA, and is involved in telomere protection and recruitment of telomerase. [GOC:mah, GOC:vw]


establishment of mitotic spindle asymmetry

The mitotic spindle organization process by which a mitotic spindle becomes asymmetric either in position or structure. [PMID:26659188]


negative regulation of histone H3-S10 phosphorylation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of one or more phosphate groups to histone H3 on a serine residue at position 10. [PMID:27521428]


polarized secretion of basement membrane proteins in epithelium

The basement membrane constituent secretion in which there is a restriction or targeting of basement membrane proteins for controlled release on the basal side of polarized epithelium. [PMID:26610918, PMID:28228250]


The controlled release of molecules that form the basement membrane, including carbohydrates and glycoproteins by a cell. [PMID:26610918, PMID:28228250]


Catalysis of the transfer of tubulin dimers to the plus end of a microtubule. The reaction is reversable depending on the availability of dimers. [PMID:27872152]


cellular response to 1-(3,5-dichloro-2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)pentan-1-one

cellular response to differentiation-inducing factor 2

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a 1-(3,5-dichloro-2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)pentan-1-one stimulus. [PMID:19684855]


Facilitating the opening of the ring structure of the PCNA complex, or any of the related sliding clamp complexes, and their removal from the DNA duplex, driven by ATP hydrolysis. [GOC:vw, PMID:23499004]


ER stress-indiced pre-emptive quality control

endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced pre-emptive quality control

The response to endoplasimic reticulum stress in which nascent proteins are degraded by attenuation of their translocation into the ER followed by rerouting to the cytosol without cleavage of the signal peptide, and subsequent degradation by the proteasome. [PMID:17129784, PMID:26565908]


Golgi calcium ion transmembrane transport

A process in which a calcium ion is transported from one side of a Golgi membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [PMID:21811607]


negative regulation of neuroblast migration

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuroblast migration. [PMID:23149556]


positive regulation of neuroblast migration

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuroblast migration. [PMID:23149556]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neuroblast migration. [PMID:23149556]


That part of the growth cone which represents the distal part of the structure. [PMID:10797548]


Binding to telomeric G-quadruplex DNA structures, in which groups of four guanines adopt a flat, cyclic Hoogsteen hydrogen-bonding arrangement known as a guanine tetrad. The stacking of guanine tetrads results in G-quadruplex DNA structures in telomeres. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_telomere, GOC:nc, PMID:16142245, PMID:9512530]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cholecystokinin stimulus. [PMID:14622258]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cholecystokinin stimulus. [PMID:14622258]


The region of the neuronal cytoplasm located in dendritic spines. [PMID:15673667]


The location where a secondary projection arises from a neuron projection. [PMID:25586189]


antimicrobial peptide-mediated antimicrobial humoral response

antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by antimicrobial peptide

An immune response against microbes mediated by anti-microbial peptides in body fluid. [PMID:15761415, PMID:24287494]


restructuring of SCB
SCB remodeling
Sertoli cell barrier restructuring

The tissue remodeling process by which the Sertoli cell barrier is temporarily disrupted and reorganized to accommodate the transit of preleptotene spermatocytes at stage VIII of the epithelial cycle. [PMID:20534520, PMID:24467744]


microtubule organizing center localization

Any process in which the microtubule organizing center is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within the cell. [PMID:21281821]


high-affinity ferrous iron uptake transmembrane transporter activity

high affinity ferrous uptake transmembrane transporter activity

high-affinity ferrous iron transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of ferrous iron (Fe(II) or Fe2+) ions from one side of a membrane to the other. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations. [GOC:bhm, PMID:9413439]


high-affinity ferrous ion transmembrane transport

high affinity ferrous ion transmembrane transport


Any protein maturation process achieved by the cleavage of a peptide bond or bonds within a neuropeptide precursor. Processing leads to the attainment of the full functional capacity of the neuropeptide. [PMID:12657671, PMID:17564681]


The surface of a migrating cell that is in contact with the substratum or cell layer. [PMID:11598004]


The part of an actin filament where the structure forks. [PMID:18256280]


protein localization to tricellular tight junction

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a tricellular tight junction. [PMID:24889144]


Testis-specific junction between mature Sertoli cells involved in establishing the blood-testis barrier of the Sertoli cell. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, GOC:dph, PMID:22332112, PMID:23546604]


Testis-specific junction between mature spermatids and Sertoli cells at the luminal end of the Sertoli cell. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, GOC:dph, PMID:22332112, PMID:23546604]


The concave part of the late spermatid head or spermatozoon head that forms the ventral portion of the head, particularly in some rodent species. [PMID:22332112, PMID:23403943, PMID:26990065]


The ring structure surrounding the podosome core, containing proteins such as vinculin and talin. [PMID:23158496]


The process in which an axoneme is exposed entirely or partially to the cytoplasm or by which the cytoplasmic portion is assembled or extended. Cytosolic ciliogenesis can occur following compartmentalized ciliogenesis, in which the cilium is formed within a compartment separated from the cytoplasm. [PMID:25447994, PMID:26654377]


A ring-like structure observed at the base of the ciliary cap of insect spermatids. This structure may anchor the axoneme to the ciliary cap membrane and/or act as a diffusion barrier, proposed to be analogous to the annulus of mammalian sperm flagellum. [PMID:25447994, PMID:4903810]


An intracellular compartmentalized cilium structure found in insect spermatids which is bounded by a membrane derived from the invagination of the cell membrane that remains associated with the primary cilium as it is internalized. The ciliary cap is maintained at the end of the axoneme distal to the centriole and is separated from the cytosolic axoneme/cytoplasm by a putative transition zone, which may extend into the ciliary cap, and include a structure at the base of the ciliary cap termed the ring centriole. [PMID:25447994, PMID:27646273]


Binding to a telomeric D-loop. A telomeric D-loop is a three-stranded DNA displacement loop that forms at the site where the telomeric 3' single-stranded DNA overhang (formed of the repeat sequence TTAGGG in mammals) is tucked back inside the double-stranded component of telomeric DNA molecule, thus forming a t-loop or telomeric-loop and protecting the chromosome terminus. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_telomere, GOC:nc, PMID:19734539]


A telomere loop disassembly process that results in the disassembly of telomeric D-loops. A telomeric D-loop is a three-stranded DNA displacement loop that forms at the site where the telomeric 3' single-stranded DNA overhang (formed of the repeat sequence TTAGGG in mammals) is tucked back inside the double-stranded component of telomeric DNA molecule, thus forming a t-loop or telomeric-loop and protecting the chromosome terminus. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_telomere, GOC:nc, PMID:10338204, PMID:24012755]


telomeric DNA-containing double minutes formation

A telomere maintenance process that results in the formation of small fragments of circular extrachromosomal DNA elements which contain telomeric DNA. It is speculated that telomeric DNA-containing double minutes are formed through a recombination event between the telomere and chromosome-internal TTAGGG-like sequences. Telomeric DNA-containing double minutes appear as two closely positioned dots in metaphase. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_telomere, GOC:nc, PMID:14690602, PMID:2397458]


The process of assisting in the folding of tRNAs into the correct tertiary structure. [GOC:dph, PMID:27849601]


endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane tethering

The attachment of an endoplasmic reticulum membrane to the plasma membrane via molecular tethers. [GOC:dph, GOC:vw, PMID:23237950, PMID:26877082, PMID:27875684]


The selective autophagy process that clears 26S proteasomes; homeostatic mechanism within the ubiquitin system that modulates proteolytic capacity and eliminates damaged particles. [GOC:dph, GOC:se, PMID:26670610, PMID:27477278]


linear ubiquitin specific deubiquitinase activity

deubiquitinase, acting on linear ubiquitin

cysteine-type deubiquitinase activity, acting on linear ubiquitin

ubiquitinyl hydrolase activity, acting on linear ubiquitin

Met1-linked polyubiquitin deubiquitinase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ubiquitin units from Met1-linked (or linear) polyubiquitin chains. [GOC:dph, PMID:26503766, PMID:27702987]


Catalysis of the reaction: NAD+ + H2O = nicotinamide + ADP-ribose without proceeding through a cyclic ADP-ribose intermediate. [GOC:dph, GOC:pad, GOC:PARL, GOC:pde, PMID:11866528]


NAD+ nucleotidase, cyclic ADP-ribose generating

Catalysis of the reaction: NAD+ + H2O = nicotinamide + ADP-ribose that proceeds in a stepwise fashion by ADP-ribosyl cyclase activity followed by cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase activity. [GOC:dph, GOC:pad, GOC:PARL, GOC:pde, PMID:11866528]


positive regulation of centromeric recombination

positive regulation of DNA recombination at centromere

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA recombination at the centromere. [GOC:dph, GOC:mah]


mitotic spindle elongation during anaphase

mitotic spindle elongation during mitotic anaphase

mitotic spindle elongation (spindle phase three)

The cell cycle process in which the distance is lengthened between poles of the mitotic spindle during mitotic anaphase B. [GOC:dph, GOC:vw, PMID:21920317]


mitotic spindle elongation during prophase and prometaphase

mitotic spindle elongation during mitotic prophase

mitotic spindle formation (spindle phase one)

The cell cycle process in which the distance is lengthened between poles of the mitotic spindle during mitotic prophase. [GOC:dph, GOC:vw, PMID:21920317]


The region that lies just beneath the plasma membrane in the part of a cell that is closest to the posterior as defined by the developing, or existing, anterior/posterior axis. [GOC:dph, GOC:kmv, PMID:15666355, PMID:17981131]


The region that lies just beneath the plasma membrane in the part of a cell that is closest to the anterior as defined by the developing, or existing, anterior/posterior axis. [GOC:15666355, GOC:17981131, GOC:dph, GOC:kmv]


A supramolecular fiber formed from fibronectin molecules. The fibrils are 5 to 25nm in diameter and can form branched meshworks. [GOC:dph, PMID:20690820]


cyclic pyranopterin monophosphate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (8S)-3',8-cyclo-7,8-dihydroguanosine 5'-triphosphate = cyclic pyranopterin phosphate + diphosphate. [GOC:dph, GOC:ik, PMID:25896388]


Catalysis of the reaction: GTP=(8S)-3',8-cyclo-7,8-dihydroguanosine 5'-triphosphate. [GOC:dph, GOC:ik, PMID:25896388]


A gated channel activity that enables the transmembrane transfer of a chloride ion by a channel that opens in response to a change in pH. [GOC:dph, PMID:27358471]


membrane addition at site of mitotic cytokinesis

A mitotic cell cycle process involved in the net addition of membrane at the site of cytokinesis; includes vesicle recruitment and fusion, local lipid synthesis and insertion. [GOC:dph, GOC:vw]


Any process that reduces the pH of the Golgi lumen, measured by the concentration of the hydrogen ion. [GOC:dph, PMID:23447592]


Steps required to transform an immature secretory vesicle into a mature secretory vesicle. Typically proceeds through homotypic membrane fusion and membrane remodelling. [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:PARL, PMID:16618809]


A motor activity driven by GTP hydrolysis. [GOC:dph, GOC:vw, PMID:11242086]


The initial attachment of a dense core granule membrane to the plasma membrane. [GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, PMID:26575293]


LDCV priming
large dense-core vesicle priming
dense core vesicle priming

A process that converts unprimed dense core granules (DCVs) to a pool of primed vesicles that are capable of fusing with the plasma membrane (fusion-competent) and thereby releasing their contents. Priming typically occurs after docking. [GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, PMID:10899113, PMID:26575293]


peptidoglycan cross-bridge peptide endopeptidase activity

A peptidoglycan endopeptidase activity that acts on a peptidoglycan cross-bridge. [GOC:dph, GOC:jh, PMID:22748813]


peptidoglycan stem peptide endopeptidase activity

A peptidoglycan endopeptidase activity that acts on a stem peptide of peptidoglycan. [GOC:dph, GOC:jh, PMID:22748813]


An endopeptidase activity that uses peptidoglycan as a substrate. [GOC:dph, GOC:jh, PMID:22748813]


Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta linkages of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) from peptidoglycan. [GOC:dph, GOC:jh, PMID:22748813]


A catalytic activity that contributes to the degradation of peptidoglycan. [GOC:dph, GOC:jh, PMID:22748813]


vesicle-vesicle fusion
vesicle to vesicle fusion

Fusion of the membrane of a transport vesicle with a target membrane on another vesicle. [GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, PMID:16618809]


Negative regulation of sister chromatid cohesion by the topological unlinking of a cohesin ring to DNA as part of the mitotic cell cycle. [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:vw]


The protein localization to chromatin by which a cohesin ring complex is topologically linked to DNA as part of the mitotic cell cycle. [GOC:dph, GOC:vw]


Enables the transmembrane transfer of chloride across the membrane of an intracellular compartment. Transport by a channel involves catalysis of facilitated diffusion of a solute (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel, without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism. [GOC:dph, PMID:23092411]


cohesin loading ATPase
cohesin ATPase activity
ATP-dependent cohesin loading activity

Facilitating a conformational change to load a cohesin complex around sister chromatids, driven by ATP hydrolysis. [GOC:vw, PMID:26687354]


Negative regulation of sister chromatid cohesion by the topological unlinking of a cohesin ring to DNA. [GOC:dph, GOC:vw, PMID:26687354]


drug transport across blood-nerve barrier

drug transport across perineurial barrier

xenobiotic transport across blood-nerve barrier

The directed movement of a xenobiotic through the blood-nerve barrier. [GOC:dph, PMID:22733753]


A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a caloric restriction, insufficient food energy intake. [GOC:dph, PMID:15520862]


Binding to a translation elongation factor, any polypeptide factor involved in the peptide elongation in ribosome-mediated translation. [GOC:dph]


Catalysis of the reaction: N-ribosylnicotinate + ATP = ADP + 2 H(+) + nicotinate mononucleotide. [GOC:dph, PMID:17914902]


Catalysis of the reaction: Na+(in) + Mg2+(out) = Na+(out) + Mg2+(in). [GOC:pad, GOC:PARL, PMID:22031603]


branching involved in lymph vessel morphogenesis

The process of the coordinated growth and sprouting of lymph vessels giving rise to the organized lymphatic system. [GOC:dph, GOC:sdb_2009, GOC:tb]


positive regulation of flagellated sperm motility involved in capacitation

The process in which the controlled movement of a flagellated sperm cell is initiated as part of the process required for flagellated sperm to reach fertilization competence. [GOC:cilia, GOC:dph, GOC:krc]


cilium formation
microtubule-based flagellum assembly
ciliogenesis

The assembly of a cilium, a specialized eukaryotic organelle that consists of a filiform extrusion of the cell surface. Each cilium is bounded by an extrusion of the cytoplasmic membrane, and contains a regular longitudinal array of microtubules, anchored basally in a centriole. [GOC:BHF, GOC:cilia, GOC:dph, GOC:kmv, GOC:pr, GOC:vw, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:13978319, PMID:27350441, Reactome:R-HSA-5617833.2]


The volume enclosed by a cytoplasmic vesicle. [GOC:dph, GOC:vesicles]


Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of timing of exogen, the shedding phase of the hair cycle. [GOC:ai, GOC:pr]


Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of timing of exogen, the shedding phase of the hair cycle. [GOC:ai, GOC:pr]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of timing of exogen, the shedding phase of the hair cycle. [GOC:ai, GOC:pr]


Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of timing of anagen, the growth phase of the hair cycle. [GOC:ai, GOC:pr]


Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of timing of anagen, the growth phase of the hair cycle. [GOC:ai, GOC:pr]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of timing of anagen, the growth phase of the hair cycle. [GOC:ai, GOC:pr]


negative regulation of timing of catagen

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of timing of catagen, the regression phase of the hair cycle. [GOC:ai, GOC:pr]


positive regulation of timing of catagen

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of timing of catagen, the regression phase of the hair cycle. [GOC:ai, GOC:pr]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of timing of catagen, the regression phase of the hair cycle. [GOC:ai, GOC:pr]


A process by which an organism causes vasodilation of blood vessels, usually causing a reduction in blood pressure, in another organism. [GOC:ecd, GOC:jl, PMID:21050868]


envenomation resulting in vasodilation in other organism

envenomation resulting in vasodilation in another organism

A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with resultant vasodilation of blood vessels, usually causing a reduction in blood pressure, in the bitten/stung organism. [GOC:ecd, GOC:jl, PMID:21050868]


The removal of a sugar or dicarbonyl from glycated glutathione. Glutathione is the tripeptide glutamylcysteinylglycine. [GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, PMID:25416785]


protein deglycation, methylglyoxal removal

The removal of methylglyoxal from a glycated protein, to form lactate and a deglycated protein. [GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, PMID:25416785]


The removal of glyoxal from a glycated protein, to form glycolate and a deglycated protein. [GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, PMID:25416785]


The removal of a sugar or dicarbonyl from a lysine residue of a glycated protein. [GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, PMID:14568004, PMID:25416785]


The removal of a sugar or dicarbonyl from an arginine residue of a glycated protein. [GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, PMID:14568004, PMID:25416785]


The removal of a sugar or dicarbonyl from a cysteine residue of a glycated protein. [GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, PMID:14568004, PMID:25416785]


The removal of a sugar or dicarbonyl from a glycated protein. [GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, PMID:14568004, PMID:25416785]


Catalysis of the removal of a sugar or dicarbonyl from a lysine residue of a glycated protein. [GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, PMID:14568004, PMID:25416785, PMID:26873906]


disruption of host protein localisation to phagosome

suppression of host protein localisation to phagosome

inhibition of host protein localisation to phagosome

negative regulation by symbiont of host protein localization to phagocytic vesicle

Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein localisation to the host phagosome. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, PMID:25063865]


modulation by symbiont of host protein localization to phagocytic vesicle

Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localisation to the host phagosome. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, PMID:25063865]


intraciliary transport involved in cilium assembly

The bidirectional movement of large protein complexes along microtubules within a cilium that contributes to cilium assembly. [GOC:bf, GOC:cilia, Reactome:R-HSA-5620924.2]


negative regulation of plasma lipoprotein oxidation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lipoprotein particle oxidation, occurring in the blood plasma. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


regulation of plasma lipoprotein oxidation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lipoprotein oxidation, occurring in the blood plasma. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


triglyceride-rich plasma lipoprotein particle

A plasma lipoprotein particle that has a hydrophobic core enriched in triglycerides surrounded by an amphipathic monolayer of phospholipids, cholesterol and apolipoproteins. Triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particles transport lipids, which are non-covalently associated with the particles, in the blood. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, GOC:rl]


ATPase-coupled thiosulfate transmembrane transporter activity

ABC-type thiosulfate transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + thiosulfate(out) = ADP + phosphate + thiosulfate(in). [GOC:mlg, GOC:pz]


sperm flagellum movement involved in flagellated sperm motility

sperm flagellum movement involved in flagellated sperm movement

The directed, self-propelled movement of a cilium (aka flagellum) that contributes to the movement of a flagellated sperm. [GO_REF:0000060, GOC:cilia, GOC:krc, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:26680031]


serotonin-activated cation-selective channel activity

serotonin-gated cation-selective channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a cation by a channel that opens when serotonin has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


establishment of localization by movement along microtubule

The movement of organelles or other particles from one location in the cell to another along microtubules, driven by motor activity. [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb]


programmed cell death involved in cell development

The activation of endogenous cellular processes that result in the death of a cell as part of its development. [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:tb]


acquisition of plant reproductive competence

The process in which a plant acquires the ability to respond to a floral inductive signal. [GOC:tair_curators]


The vesicular release of classical neurotransmitter molecules from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of neurotransmitter receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse. [GOC:jl, MeSH:D009435]


A cell cycle process by which the cell nucleus divides as part of a meiotic cell cycle in the female germline. [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:mah, GOC:vw]


A cell cycle process by which the cell nucleus divides as part of a meiotic cell cycle in the male germline. [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:vw]


A protein complex found in the axoneme of eukaryotic cilia and flagella. It forms interconnections between the microtubule outer doublets that surround the inner central pair of microtubules. [GOC:cilia, GOC:krc, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:21586547, PMID:21728999, PMID:22683354, PMID:9295136]


A vasodilation process resulting from secretion of norepinephrine into the bloodstream or released by nerve endings. [GOC:mtg_cardio]


A vasodilation process resulting from secretion of epinephrine into the bloodstream or released by nerve endings. [GOC:mtg_cardio]


Catalysis of the reaction:a 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate + H20=a 2'-deoxyribonucleoside + phosphate. [EC:3.1.3.89]


Catalysis of the reaction (4S)-4-hydroxy-5-phosphonooxypentane-2,3-dione = 3-hydroxy-5-phosphonooxypentane-2,4-dione. [EC:5.3.1.32]


Catalysis of the reaction leukotriene C(4) + H(2)O= leukotriene D(4) + L-glutamate. [PMID:9774450, RHEA:31563]


ceramide phosphoethanolamine synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: CDP-ethanolamine + a ceramide = CMP + a ceramide phosphoethanolamine. [EC:2.7.8.n3, PMID:25667419]


regulation of blood vessel diameter by renin-angiotensin

maintenance of blood vessel diameter homeostasis by renin-angiotensin

The process in which the diameter of a blood vessel is changed due to activity of the renin-angiotensin system. [GOC:dph, GOC:pr, GOC:tb]


Catalysis of the reaction: octadecanal = heptadecane + CO. [EC:4.1.99.5, GOC:tb]


carbon-monoxide dehydrogenase (ferredoxin) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: CO + H2O + oxidized ferredoxin = CO2 + reduced ferredoxin. [EC:1.2.7.4]

carbon monoxide dehydrogenase (ferredoxin) activity


Catalysis of the reaction: 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholanoyl-CoA + propanoyl-CoA = CoA + 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-24-oxo-5beta-cholestanoyl-CoA. [EC:2.3.1.176]


endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi transport vesicle

endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi transport vesicle

OBSOLETE. (Was not defined before being made obsolete). [GOC:go_curators]


Catalysis of the reaction: N-acylsphingosine + H2O = a fatty acid + sphingosine. [EC:3.5.1.23]


intracellular transport of viral capsid protein in host cell

intracellular transport of viral capsid in host cell


negative regulation of synaptic vesicle fusion to presynaptic membrane

negative regulation of synaptic vesicle fusion to pre-synaptic membrane


autophagosome fusion
autophagic vacuole fusion


negative regulation of L-glutamine uptake

negative regulation of L-glutamine import across plasma membrane

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of L-glutamine import into a cell. [GOC:TermGenie]


upregulation of hexokinase type IV glucokinase activity

upregulation of hexokinase type IV (glucokinase) activity

up-regulation of hexokinase type IV (glucokinase) activity

up regulation of hexokinase type IV glucokinase activity

up regulation of hexokinase type IV (glucokinase) activity


upregulation of cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity

up regulation of cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity

up-regulation of cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity


tripartite attachment complex location
tripartite attachment complex

A three-part cytoskeletal structure in kinetoplastid species linking mitochondrial DNA organised in a kinetoplast through the mitochondrial membranes to the basal body. [PMID:12802053, PMID:18059470, PMID:24821793, PMID:27168148]


The process by which heat is generated by increasing metabolism in response to cold ambient temperatures in order to maintain a stable core body temperature. [PMID:27876809]


AP site-DNA 5'-phosphomonoester-lyase activity

DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) 5'-phosphomonoester-lyase activity

class I DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) endonuclease activity

Catalysis of the cleavage of an AP site 3' of the baseless site by a beta-lyase mechanism, leaving an unsaturated aldehyde, termed a 3'-(4-hydroxy-5-phospho-2-pentenal) residue, and a 5'-phosphate. [PMID:1698278, RHEA:66592]

class I DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase activity


A process in which the presence of one carbon source leads to the modulation of the frequency, rate, or extent of the metabolism of other carbon sources. [PMID:29295552]


multicellular organismal polysaccharide catabolic process


translation repressor activity, mRNA regulatory element binding

mRNA regulatory element binding translation repressor activity

Antagonizes the ribosome-mediated translation of mRNA into a polypeptide via direct binding (through a selective and non-covalent interaction) to nucleic acid. [GOC:clt, GOC:vw, PMID:29061112, PMID:7523370]


core promoter proximal region DNA binding


snoRNA transcription by RNA polymerase III

The synthesis of small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) from a DNA template by RNA polymerase III, originating at a type 2 RNA polymerase III promoter. [GOC:txnOH]


mitochondrial promoter sequence-specific DNA binding

Binding to a DNA region that controls the transcription of the mitochondrial DNA. [GOC:txnOH, GOC:vw, PMID:20056105]


mitochondrial heavy strand promoter anti-sense binding


mitochondrial heavy strand promoter sense binding


mitochondrial light strand promoter anti-sense binding


mitochondrial light strand promoter sense binding


mitochondrial proximal promoter sequence-specific DNA binding


mitochondrial RNA polymerase core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding


mitochondrial RNA polymerase core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding


mitochondrial RNA polymerase regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding


RNA binding transcription regulator activity

RNA-binding transcription regulator activity

A transcription regulator activity that modulates the transcription of specific gene sets via selective and non-covalent binding to a specific RNA sequence. This function is known to occur in phages and viruses, for example the lambda N and the HIV tat proteins are necessary to allow RNA polymerase to read through terminator sequences. [GOC:txnOH-2018, PMID:1756726]


RNA polymerase I CORE element sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor recruiting transcription factor activity


transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase I CORE element binding transcription factor recruiting


RNA polymerase I transcriptional preinitiation complex assembly at the promoter for the nuclear large rRNA transcript


RNA polymerase I transcriptional preinitiation complex assembly at the promoter for the nucleolar primary rRNA transcript


Binding to a phosphorylated tyrosine residue within a protein. [PMID:14636584]


regulation of L-glutamate import across plasma membrane

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of L-glutamate import into a cell. [GOC:TermGenie]


down-regulation of L-glutamate import
downregulation of L-glutamate import
down regulation of L-glutamate import

negative regulation of L-glutamate import across plasma membrane

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of L-glutamate import into a cell. [GOC:TermGenie]


down-regulation of L-glutamate uptake
down regulation of L-glutamate uptake


negative regulation of L-glutamate import


negative regulation of L-glutamate uptake


positive regulation of L-glutamate transport

positive regulation of L-glutamate import across plasma membrane

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of L-glutamate import into a cell. [GOC:TermGenie]


positive regulation of L-glutamate import


positive regulation of L-glutamate uptake


up-regulation of L-glutamate uptake
up regulation of L-glutamate uptake


nucleic acid binding transcription factor activity


RNA polymerase II transcriptional cofactor activity


RNA polymerase II transcription co-activator activity


RNA polymerase II transcription coactivator activity


RNA polymerase II transcription mediator activity


RNA polymerase II transcription co-repressor activity


RNA polymerase II transcription corepressor activity


ligase activity, forming aminoacyl-tRNA and related compounds


extracellularly ATP-gated cation channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a cation by a channel that opens when ATP is bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts on the extracellular side of the plasma membrane. [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, PMID:9755289]


Binding to one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function. [GOC:bf, GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732]


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: allantoin(out) + H+(out) = allantoin(in) + H+(in) by secondary active transport. [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729, TC:2.A.39.3.1]


fatty-acyl-CoA transmembrane transporter activity

ABC-type fatty-acyl-CoA transporter activity

Catalysis of the reaction ATP + H(2)O + fatty acyl CoA(Side 1) <=> ADP + phosphate + fatty acyl CoA(Side 2). A fatty acyl CoA group is any acyl group derived from a fatty acid with a coenzyme A group attached to it. [RHEA:15181]


sugar efflux transmembrane transporter activity


copper uptake transmembrane transporter activity


multicellular organismal polysaccharide metabolic process


transcription initiation from RNA polymerase I promoter for nuclear large rRNA transcript


termination of RNA polymerase I transcription from promoter for nuclear large rRNA transcript


transcription from a RNA polymerase III hybrid type promoter


transcription from RNA polymerase III type 2 promoter


transcription from RNA polymerase III type 3 promoter


transcription initiation from RNA polymerase III hybrid type promoter


transcription initiation from RNA polymerase III type 1 promoter


transcription initiation from RNA polymerase III type 2 promoter


transcription initiation from RNA polymerase III type 3 promoter


myofibrillar protein ubiquitination during ubiquitin-dependent protein breakdown


myofibrillar protein ubiquitination during ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process


myofibrillar protein ubiquitination during ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolism


myofibrillar protein ubiquitination during ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation


protein ubiquitination during ubiquitin-dependent protein breakdown


protein ubiquitination during ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process


protein ubiquitination during ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolism


protein ubiquitination during ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation


protein ubiquitination involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process


protein ubiquitinylation during ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process


protein ubiquitinylation during ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolism


protein ubiquitylation during ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process


protein ubiquitylation during ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolism


protein quality control by the ubiquitin-proteasome system


mitochondrial pyruvate transmembrane transport

The process in which pyruvate is transported across a mitochondrial membrane, into or out of the mitochondrion. [GOC:vw, PMID:22628558]


pyruvate membrane transport in mitochondrion

pyruvate membrane transport in mitochondria


pyruvate transmembrane transport in mitochondrion

pyruvate transmembrane transport in mitochondria


mitotic spindle organization and biogenesis in cell nucleus


mitotic spindle organization and biogenesis in nucleus


spindle organization and biogenesis in nucleus during mitosis


establishment of cell nucleus localization


establishment of nucleus localisation
establishment of nucleus localization

establishment of localization of nucleus


positive regulation of adenylate cyclase activity by G-protein signalling pathway

positive regulation of adenylate cyclase activity by G-protein signaling pathway


establishment of oocyte nucleus localization during oocyte axis determination

establishment of localization of oocyte nucleus during oocyte axis determination


establishment of oocyte nucleus localisation involved in oocyte dorsal/ventral axis specification

establishment of oocyte nucleus localization involved in oocyte dorsal/ventral axis specification

establishment of oocyte nucleus localization involved in oocyte dorsal-ventral axis specification


establishment of oocyte nucleus localization involved in oocyte dorsal/ventral axis determination


establishment of oocyte nucleus localization involved in oocyte dorsoventral axis specification


oocyte nucleus positioning during oocyte axis determination

nucleus positioning in oocyte during oocyte axis determination


oocyte axis determination, establishment of localization of nucleus


oocyte axis determination, establishment of oocyte nucleus localization


oocyte axis determination, establishment of position of nucleus


oocyte axis determination, positioning of nucleus


establishment and maintenance of asymmetric protein localization


multicellular organism metabolic process


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: Folate derivative (out) + anion (in) = folate derivative (in) + anion (out). The Reduced Folate Carrier (RCF(SLC19A1) acts by an antiport mechanism. RCF carries several folate derivatives: MTX, PMX, ratitrexed, pralatrexate, 5-methyl THF, and 5-formyl THF. [GOC:mtg_transport, PMID:21568705, PMID:24745983, TC:2.A.48]


reduced folate transmembrane transporter activity


acetyl-CoA transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of acetyl-CoA from one side of a membrane to the other. Acetyl-CoA is a derivative of coenzyme A in which the sulfhydryl group is acetylated; it is a metabolite derived from several pathways (e.g. glycolysis, fatty acid oxidation, amino-acid catabolism) and is further metabolized by the tricarboxylic acid cycle. It is a key intermediate in lipid and terpenoid biosynthesis. [GOC:ai]


ubiquitin-like modifier activating enzyme activity

Catalysis of the activation of small proteins, such as ubiquitin or ubiquitin-like proteins, through the formation of an ATP-dependent high-energy thiolester bond. [GOC:jl, GOC:mah]


The process in which hexose is transported across a membrane. Hexoses are aldoses with a chain of six carbon atoms in the molecule. [GOC:vw]


isocitrate dehydrogenase kinase/phosphatase activity


Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport chain. An electron transport chain is a process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. [ISBN:0198506732]


multicellular organismal catabolic process


multicellular organismal macromolecule catabolic process


multicellular organismal biosynthetic process


multicellular organismal oligosaccharide metabolic process


multicellular organismal oligosaccharide catabolic process


inhibition of organismal metabolic process


negative regulation of multicellular organismal metabolic process


positive regulation of multicellular organismal metabolic process


positive regulation of organismal metabolism


stimulation of organismal metabolic process


up-regulation of organismal metabolic process


regulation of signalling receptor activity

regulation of signaling receptor activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a signaling receptor activity. Receptor activity is when a molecule combines with an extracellular or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell activity. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


single-organism plasmodesmata-mediated intercellular transport

single organism plasmodesmata-mediated intercellular transport


regulation of glucose transmembrane transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glucose transport across a membrane. Glucose transport is the directed movement of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


positive regulation of glucose transmembrane transport

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of glucose transport across a membrane. Glucose transport is the directed movement of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


negative regulation of glucose transmembrane transport

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of glucose transport across a membrane. Glucose transport is the directed movement of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


regulation of amino acid import across plasma membrane

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of amino acid import into a cell. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


positive regulation of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity involved in G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle


inhibition of division septum assembly involved in cell cycle cytokinesis


inhibition of formation of division septum involved in mitotic cell cycle

inhibition of division septum formation involved in mitotic cell cycle


inhibition of mitotic division septum assembly


Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of ubiquitin monomers and free ubiquitin chains at the level of the cell by recycling ubiquitin from proteasome-bound ubiquitinated intermediates. [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:PG, GOC:tb, PMID:19410548]


potassium uptake transmembrane transporter activity


high-affinity ferric iron transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of ferric iron (Fe(III) or Fe3+) ions from one side of a membrane to the other. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations. [GOC:ai, PMID:1447137]


ferrous iron uptake transmembrane transporter activity


biopterin transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of biopterin from one side of a membrane to the other. Biopterin is a growth factor for certain protozoans and some insects; it is widely distributed in tissues and functions in a reduced form, tetrahydrobiopterin, as a hydroxylation coenzyme. [ISBN:0198506732]


biotin transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of biotin from one side of a membrane to the other. Biotin is cis-tetrahydro-2-oxothieno(3,4-d)imidazoline-4-valeric acid; the (+) enantiomer is very widely distributed in cells and serves as a carrier in a number of enzymatic beta-carboxylation reactions. [GOC:ai]


flavin-adenine dinucleotide carrier activity

flavin adenine dinucleotide carrier activity


thiamine uptake transmembrane transporter activity


amiloride transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of amiloride from one side of a membrane to the other. Amiloride is a potent and specific inhibitor of sodium ion entry into cells. It is used as a potassium-sparing diuretic. [ISBN:0198506732]


cycloheximide transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of cycloheximide from one side of a membrane to the other. Cycloheximide is an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces which interferes with protein synthesis in eukaryotes. [ISBN:0198506732]


fluconazole transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of fluconazole from one side of a membrane to the other. Fluconazole is an antifungal drug used for oral candidiasis and cryptococcal meningitis; it is still under study for treatment of vaginal candidiasis and other fungal infections. [GOC:curators]


fatty acid transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of fatty acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Fatty acids are aliphatic monocarboxylic acids liberated from naturally occurring fats and oils by hydrolysis. [ISBN:0198506732]


aminophospholipid transmembrane transporter activity


methotrexate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of methotrexate, 4-amino-10-methylformic acid from one side of a membrane to the other. Methotrexate is a folic acid analogue and a potent competitive inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase. [GOC:ai]


formate uptake transmembrane transporter activity


arabinose efflux transmembrane transporter activity


bicyclomycin transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of bicyclomycin from one side of a membrane to the other. Bicyclomycin (or bicozamycin) is an antibacterial drug often used as a livestock feed additive. [ISBN:091191028X]


nalidixic acid transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of nalidixic acid from one side of a membrane to the other. Nalidixic acid is a synthetic antibiotic that interferes with DNA gyrase and inhibits prokaryotic replication. [GOC:curators, PMID:12702699, PubChem_Compound:4221]


organomercurial transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of organomercurial compounds from one side of a membrane to the other. Organomercurial substances are any organic compound containing a mercury atom. [GOC:ai, PMID:18793329]


secondary active p-aminobenzoyl-glutamate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of p-aminobenzoyl-glutamate from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Secondary active transporters include symporters and antiporters. p-aminobenzoyl-glutamate is the anion of p-aminobenzoyl-glutamic acid. [GOC:ai]


p-aminobenzoyl-glutamate transmembrane transporter activity


acriflavine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the directed movement of acriflavin from one side of a membrane to the other. Acriflavin is a fluorescent dye used as a local antiseptic and also as a biological stain. It intercalates into nucleic acids thereby inhibiting bacterial and viral replication. [PubChem_Compound:6842]


short-chain fatty acid transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of short-chain fatty acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Short-chain fatty acids are fatty acids with a chain length of less than C6. [GOC:mah]


short-chain fatty acid transporter activity


tellurite transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of tellurite from one side of a membrane to the other. Tellurite is a salt of tellurous acid or an oxide of tellurium which occurs sparingly in tufts of white or yellowish crystals. [GOC:ai]


The process in which phosphoglycerate is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:krc]


The process in which L-idonate is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. L-idonate is an aldonic acid derived from L-idose, an aldohexose which is epimeric with D-glucose. [GOC:krc]


The process in which shikimate is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:krc]


The process in which uronic acid is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:krc]


The process in which hexuronate is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. A hexuronate is any monocarboxylic acid derived from a hexose by oxidation of C-6. [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732]


The process in which galacturonate is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:krc]


The process in which glucuronate is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:krc]


The process in which tartrate is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:krc]


The process in which pentose is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. A pentose is any aldose with a chain of five carbon atoms in the molecule. [GOC:ai]


The process in which arabinose, a pentose monosaccharide that occurs in both D and L configurations, is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:jl]


The process in which D-ribose is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. As beta-D-ribofuranose, D-ribose forms the glycose group of all ribonucleosides, ribonucleotides and ribonucleic acids, and also of ribose phosphates, various glycosides, some coenzymes and some forms of vitamin B12. [GOC:ai]


The process in which D-xylose is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. D-xylose (the naturally occurring enantiomer is always D-) is a constituent of plant polysaccharides. [GOC:ai]


The process in which allose is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. Allose is an aldohexose similar to glucose, differing only in the configuration of the hydroxyl group of C-3. [GOC:ai]


The directed movement of fructose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Fructose exists in a open chain form or as a ring compound. D-fructose is the sweetest of the sugars and is found free in a large number of fruits and honey. [GOC:ai]


The process in which galactose is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. D-galactose is widely distributed in combined form in plants, animals and microorganisms as a constituent of oligo- and polysaccharides; it also occurs in galactolipids and as its glucoside in lactose and melibiose. [GOC:ai]


The process in which mannose is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. Mannose is the aldohexose manno-hexose, the C-2 epimer of glucose. The D-(+)-form is widely distributed in mannans and hemicelluloses and is of major importance in the core oligosaccharide of N-linked oligosaccharides of glycoproteins. [GOC:ai]


The process in which rhamnose is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. Rhamnose occurs commonly as a compound of plant glycosides, in polysaccharides of gums and mucilages, and in bacterial polysaccharides. It is also a component of some plant cell wall polysaccharides and frequently acts as the sugar components of flavonoids. [GOC:ai]


The directed movement of nucleotide-sugars into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Nucleotide-sugars are any nucleotide in which the distal phosphoric residue of a nucleoside 5'-diphosphate is in glycosidic linkage with a monosaccharide or monosaccharide derivative. [ISBN:0198506732]


The directed movement of CMP-N-acetylneuraminate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:ai]


UDP-glucuronic acid transmembrane transport

The directed movement of UDP-glucuronic acid into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. UDP-glucuronic acid is a substance composed of glucuronic acid in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate. [GOC:ai]


The directed movement of UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine is a substance composed of N-acetylgalactosamine, a common structural unit of oligosaccharides, in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate. [GOC:ai]


The directed movement of UDP-xylose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. UDP-xylose is a substance composed of xylose in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate. [GOC:ai]


The process in which arabitol is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. Arabitol is the pentitol derived from arabinose or lyxose by reduction of the aldehyde group. The D enantiomer is present in lichens and mushrooms. [ISBN:0198506732]


The process in which glycerol-3-phosphate is transported across a membrane. Glycerol-3-phosphate is a phosphoric monoester of glycerol. [GOC:ai]


The process in which aspartate is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732]


The directed movement of L-glutamate across a membrane. [PMID:21307582]


The directed movement of creatine across a membrane. [GO_REF:0000069, GOC:pr, GOC:TermGenie]


multicellular organism lipid catabolic process


multicellular organismal lipid catabolic process


multicellular organismal carbohydrate catabolic process


single-organism carbohydrate catabolic process


lipoate-protein ligase activity (lipoylation of glycine cleavage complex)


viral capsid transport in host cell cytoplasm


viral capsid transport in host cell nucleus


regulation of multicellular organismal metabolic process


regulation of organismal metabolic process


multicellular organismal protein metabolic process


substrate-specific transmembrane transporter activity


uptake transmembrane transporter activity


ER to Golgi constitutive secretory pathway transport vesicle


multicellular organismal protein catabolic process


The process in which peroxisomes are delivered to a type of vacuole and degraded in response to changing nutrient conditions. [GOC:autophagy, PMID:10547367, PMID:20083110]


down-regulation of synaptic vesicle fusion to presynaptic membrane

downregulation of synaptic vesicle fusion to presynaptic membrane

down regulation of synaptic vesicle fusion to presynaptic membrane


vitamin B6 transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of any of the vitamin B6 compounds, pyridoxal, pyridoxamine and pyridoxine and the active form, pyridoxal phosphate, from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:mah]


riboflavin transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of riboflavin from one side of a membrane to the other. Riboflavin (vitamin B2) is a water-soluble B-complex vitamin, converted in the cell to FMN and FAD, cofactors required for the function of flavoproteins. [GOC:rn, PMID:16204239]


cytoplasm to vacuole transport by the Cvt pathway

A cytoplasm to vacuole targeting pathway that uses machinery common with autophagy. The Cvt vesicle is formed when the receptor protein, Atg19, binds to the complexes of the target protein (aminopeptidase or alpha-mannosidase homododecamers), forming the Cvt complex. Atg11 binds to Atg9 and transports the Cvt complex to the pre-autophagosome (PAS). The phagophore membrane expands around the Cvt complex (excluding bulk cytoplasm) forming the Cvt vesicle. This pathway is mostly observed in yeast. [PMID:12865942, PMID:15659643]


The directed movement of cysteine from inside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the extracellular region. [GOC:mlg]


establishment of protein localization to Golgi

establishment of protein localization in Golgi

establishment of protein localisation to Golgi


establishment of protein localization to Golgi apparatus


mitochondrial RNA polymerase promoter specificity activity


The acquisition, loss, or modification of macromolecules within a complex, resulting in the alteration of an existing complex. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_mpo, GOC:rl]


low-affinity iron ion transmembrane transport


negative regulation of gluconate transport


positive regulation of gluconate transport


protein localization to nuclear inner membrane

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the nuclear inner membrane. [GOC:dgf, PMID:16929305]


METTL3-METTL14-WTAP methyltransferase complex location


negative regulation of homeostatic process


positive regulation of homeostatic process


hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, catalyzing transmembrane movement of substances


positive regulation of cholesterol homeostasis


The process in which aldarate is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:go_curators]


The process in which D-glucarate, the D-enantiomer of glucarate, is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:jl, GOC:jsg, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732]


The process in which aldonate is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:jl]


The process in which D-glucuronate, the D-enantiomer of glucuronate, is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:jl, GOC:jsg, GOC:mah]


The process in which D-galactonate, the D-enantiomer of galactonate, is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:jl, GOC:jsg, GOC:mah]


The process in which L-arabinose, the L-enantiomer of arabinose, is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:jl, GOC:jsg, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732]


chloramphenicol transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of chloramphenicol, a broad-spectrum antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis, from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:jl]


polymyxin transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of polymyxin, any of a group of related antibiotics produced by Bacillus polymyxa and active against most Gram-negative bacteria, from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732]


fosmidomycin transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of fosmidomycin, a phosphonic acid derivative with potent activity against Gram-negative organisms, from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:jl, PMID:12543685]


The process in which arabinan is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:jl]


xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the directed movement of a xenobiotic from one side of a membrane to the other. A xenobiotic is a compound foreign to the organim exposed to it. It may be synthesized by another organism (like ampicilin) or it can be a synthetic chemical. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:krc]


acridine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the directed movement of acridine (10-azaanthracene), a heterocyclic ring compound found in crude coal-tar anthracene from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:jl]


benzoate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the directed movement of benzoate, the anion of benzoic acid (benzenecarboxylic acid) from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544]


ferrichrome transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the directed movement of a ferrichrome from one side of a membrane to the other. Ferrichromes are any of a group of growth-promoting Fe(III) chelates formed by various genera of microfungi. They are homodetic cyclic hexapeptides made up of a tripeptide of glycine (or other small neutral amino acids) and a tripeptide of an N'acyl-N4-hydroxy-L-ornithine. [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732]


chrysobactin transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the directed movement of the siderophore chrysobactin (alpha-N-(2,3-dihydroxybenzoyl)-D-lysyl-L-serine) from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:jl, PMID:8837459]


achromobactin transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of achromobactin, a citrate siderophore, from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:jl]


tripeptide transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a tripeptide, a compound containing three amino acids linked together by peptide bonds, from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:jl]


multicellular organismal macromolecule metabolic process


glycyl-radical enzyme activating activity

Catalyzes the activation of an enzyme by generating an organic free radical on a glycine residue via a homolytic cleavage of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM). [GOC:jl, PMID:24486374]


cadystin transmembrane transporter activity


The process in which 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:go_curators]


regulation of STAT protein import into nucleus


regulation of STAT protein nuclear translocation


negative regulation of STAT protein import into nucleus


negative regulation of STAT protein nuclear translocation


positive regulation of STAT protein import into nucleus


positive regulation of STAT protein nuclear translocation


active borate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transport of borate across a membrane against the concentration gradient. [PMID:12447444]


borate uptake transmembrane transporter activity


mitochondrial iron ion transmembrane transport


Binding to a phosphorylated serine residue within a protein. [GOC:ai]


Binding to a phosphorylated threonine residue within a protein. [GOC:ai]


chaperone co-factor-dependent protein refolding

chaperone cofactor-dependent protein refolding

The process of assisting in the correct posttranslational noncovalent assembly of proteins, which is dependent on additional protein cofactors. This process occurs over one or several cycles of nucleotide hydrolysis-dependent binding and release. [GOC:rb]


induction by symbiont of nodulation, tumor or growth in host


induction by symbiont in host of tumor, nodule, or growth


induction by symbiont in host of tumor, nodule, or growth containing transformed cells


induction of tumor, nodule, or growth containing transformed cells in other organism during symbiotic interaction


positive regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction

Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of SMAD protein signal transduction. Pathway-restricted SMAD proteins and common-partner SMAD proteins are involved in the transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathways. [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


negative regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the SMAD protein signaling pathway. Pathway-restricted SMAD proteins and common-partner SMAD proteins are involved in the transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathways. [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


regulation of catenin import into nucleus


regulation of catenin protein nuclear translocation


release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol by Golgi

The directed movement of calcium ions (Ca2+) out of the Golgi apparatus into the cytosol. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


E3 involved in endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation


ubiquitin protein ligase activity involved in chloroplast disassembly


ubiquitin protein ligase activity involved in ERAD pathway


ubiquitin modification-dependent histone binding

Binding to a histone protein in which a residue has been modified by ubiquitination. [GOC:dph, PMID:24526689]


The orderly movement of a hepatic stellate cell from one site to another. [PMID:24204762]


regulation of hepatic stellate cell migration

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hepatic stellate cell migration. [PMID:24204762]


positive regulation of hepatic stellate cell migration

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of hepatic stellate cell migration. [PMID:24204762]


negative regulation of hepatic stellate cell migration

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hepatic stellate cell migration. [PMID:24204762]


The actin filament-based process in which cytoplasmic actin filaments slide past one another resulting in contraction of a hepatic stellate cell. [PMID:24204762]


regulation of hepatic stellate cell contraction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hepatic stellate cell contraction. [PMID:24204762]


positive regulation of hepatic stellate cell contraction

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hepatic stellate cell contraction. [PMID:24204762]


negative regulation of hepatic stellate cell contraction

Any process that modulates stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hepatic stellate cell contraction. [PMID:24204762]


regulation of anterograde axon transport of mitochondria

regulation of anterograde axonal transport of mitochondrion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of mitochondria along microtubules in axons away from the cell body and towards the presynapse. [PMID:24302729]


positive regulation of anterograde axon transport of mitochondria

positive regulation of anterograde axonal transport of mitochondrion

Any process that activates or increasesthe frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of mitochondria along microtubules in axons away from the cell body and towards the presynapse. [PMID:24302729]


negative regulation of anterograde axon transport of mitochondria

negative regulation of anterograde axonal transport of mitochondrion

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of mitochondria along microtubules in axons away from the cell body and towards the presynapse. [PMID:24302729]


clathrin-dependent endocytosis involved in yolk formation

clathrin-dependent endocytosis involved in vitellogenesis

A clathrin-mediated endocytosis process whereby yolk proteins are internalized and trafficked through the endocytic pathway for yolk deposition. [PMID:26265702]


regulation of mini excitatory postsynaptic potential

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mini excitatory postsynaptic potential. Mini excitatory postsynaptic potential is a process that leads to a temporary increase in postsynaptic potential due to the flow of positively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell, induced by the spontaneous release of a single vesicle of an excitatory neurotransmitter into the synapse. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:20395454]


positive regulation of mini excitatory postsynaptic potential

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of mini excitatory postsynaptic potential. Mini excitatory postsynaptic potential is a process that leads to a temporary increase in postsynaptic potential due to the flow of positively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell, induced by the spontaneous release of a single vesicle of an excitatory neurotransmitter into the synapse. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:20395454]


negative regulation of mini excitatory postsynaptic potential

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of mini excitatory postsynaptic potential. Mini excitatory postsynaptic potential is a process that leads to a temporary increase in postsynaptic potential due to the flow of positively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell, induced by the spontaneous release of a single vesicle of an excitatory neurotransmitter into the synapse. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:20395454]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of astrocyte activation. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:20005821]


negative regulation of astrocyte activation

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of astrocyte activation. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:20005821]


positive regulation of astrocyte activation

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of astrocyte activation. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:20005821]


Binding to and responding, e.g. by conformational change, to changes in the cellular level of calcium ions (Ca2+). [PMID:16005298, PMID:17020874, PMID:28151650]


all-trans retinol 3,4-desaturase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: all-trans-retinol + 2 H(+) + O2 + 2 reduced [adrenodoxin] = all-trans-3,4-didehydro retinol + 2 H2O + 2 oxidized [adrenodoxin]. [PMID:27059013]


all-trans retinal 3,4-desaturase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: all-trans-retinal + 2 H(+) + O2 + 2 reduced [adrenodoxin] = all-trans-3,4-didehydro retinal + 2 H2O + 2 oxidized [adrenodoxin]. [PMID:27059013]


all-trans retinoic acid 3,4-desaturase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: all-trans-retinoic acid + 2 H(+) + O2 + 2 reduced [adrenodoxin] = all-trans-3,4-didehydro retinoic acid + 2 H2O + 2 oxidized [adrenodoxin]. [PMID:27059013]


Catalysis of the reaction: 11-cis-retinal + 2 H(+) + O2 + 2 reduced [adrenodoxin] = 11-cis-3,4-didehydro-retinal + 2 H2O + 2 oxidized [adrenodoxin]. [PMID:27059013]


A change in morphology and behavior of a glial cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:18723082]


regulation of 1-phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of 1-phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase activity. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:18723082]


negative regulation of 1-phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of 1-phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase activity. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:18723082]


positive regulation of 1-phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase activity

Any process that starts or increases the frequency or rate of 1-phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase activity. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:18723082]


Any process in which an autophagosome is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within the cell. [PMID:26763909]


negative regulation of AMPA receptor activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of AMPA glutamate receptor activity. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:20739563]


The process in which autophagosomes, double-membraned vesicles containing cytoplasmic material, fuse with a vacuole (yeast) or lysosome (e.g. mammals and insects). In the case of yeast, inner membrane-bounded structures (autophagic bodies) appear in the vacuole. Fusion provides an acidic environment and digestive function to the interior of the autophagosome. [PMID:28077293]


The process in which an autophagosome fuses with an endosome to create an intermediate autophagic organelle called amphisome. [PMID:24219988]


The process in which amphisomes fuse with a vacuole (yeast) or lysosome (e.g. mammals and insects). In the case of yeast, inner membrane-bounded structures (autophagic bodies) appear in the vacuole. Fusion provides an acidic environment and digestive function to the interior of the amphisome. [PMID:24219988]


The macroautophagy process in which specific structures are targeted by the autophagy process. [PMID:20484971, PMID:21997368, PMID:22966490]


positive regulation of growth plate cartilage chondrocyte proliferation

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the multiplication or reproduction of chondrocytes in a growing endochondral bone, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. [PMID:19264869]


negative regulation of growth plate cartilage chondrocyte proliferation

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the multiplication or reproduction of chondrocytes in a growing endochondral bone, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. [PMID:19264869]


Any process in which an actin fusion focus are transported to, or maintained in, a specific location. The actin fusion focus is an aster-like, F-actin-containing structure at the mating projection tip where the cell wall is degraded during conjugation with cellular fusion. [PMID:28410370]


distal tip of axonal growth cone
axonal growth cone leading edge

That part of the axonal growth cone which represents the distal part of the structure. [PMID:16098134]


distal tip of dendritic growth cone
dendritic growth cone leading edge

That part of the dendritic growth cone which represents the distal part of the structure. [PMID:16098134]


A cellular process involving delivery of a portion of the cytoplasm to lysosomes or to the plant or fungal vacuole that does not involve direct transport through the endocytic or vacuolar protein sorting (Vps) pathways. This process typically leads to degradation of the cargo; however, it can also be used to deliver resident proteins, such as in the cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting (Cvt) pathway. [PMID:21997368, PMID:22966490, PMID:28596378]


Catalysis of the reaction: propionyl-CoA + lysine in peptide = CoA + N-propionyl-lysine-peptide. [PMID:17267393]


The propionylation of peptidyl-lysine. [PMID:17267393]


Catalysis of the reaction: propionyl-CoA + histone = CoA + propionyl-histone. [PMID:17267393]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate = diphosphate + (2S,3R,6S,9S)-(-)-protoillud-7-ene. [PMID:27862766]


regulation of radial glial scaffold formation

regulation of formation of radial glial scaffolds

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation of radial glial scaffolds. The scaffolds are used as a substrate for the radial migration of cells. [PMID:22076441]


regulation of Bergmann fiber biosynthesis


negative regulation of radial glial scaffold formation

negative regulation of formation of radial glial scaffolds

Any process that reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the formation of radial glial scaffolds. The scaffolds are used as a substrate for the radial migration of cells. [PMID:22076441]


negative regulation of Bergmann fiber biosynthesis


negative regulation of Bergmann fiber formation


positive regulation of radial glial scaffold formation

positive regulation of formation of radial glial scaffolds

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the formation of radial glial cell scaffolds. [PMID:22076441]


positive regulation of Bergmann fiber biosynthesis


positive regulation of Bergmann fiber formation


glutathione specific gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: glutathione = 5-oxoproline + L-cysteinylglycine. [PMID:23070364, PMID:27913623]


Catalysis of the reaction: epsilon-(L-gamma-glutamyl)-L-lysine = L-lysine + 5-oxo-L-proline. [PMID:20110353, PMID:6107907]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of erythrocyte enucleation. [PMID:25241935]


positive regulation of erythrocyte enucleation

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of erythrocyte enucleation. [PMID:25241935]


negative regulation of erythrocyte enucleation

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of erythrocyte enucleation. [PMID:25241935]


regulation of adenine biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of an adenine biosynthetic process. [PMID:19933844]


fusion of sperm to egg plasma membrane involved in double fertilization forming two zygotes

The binding and fusion of a sperm, with the plasma membrane of the oocyte as part of the process of double fertilization forming two zygotes. [GOC:dph]


fusion of sperm to egg plasma membrane involved in double fertilization forming a zygote and endosperm

The binding and fusion of a sperm, with the plasma membrane of the oocyte as part of the process of double fertilization forming a zygote and endosperm. [PMID:21123745]


protein localization to somatodendritic compartment

A process in which a protein is transported to or maintained in a location within the somatodendritic compartment. [PMID:18341993]


cyclic di-(3':5')-guanosine monophosphate signaling

Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another using c-di-GMP as the signal. [PMID:22864416, PMID:28057864]


Any process that modulates the rate frequency or extent of c-di-GMP signaling. [PMID:22864416]


positive regulation of c-di-GMP signaling

Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of c-di-GMP signaling. [PMID:22864416]


negative regulation of c-di-GMP signaling

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of c-di-GMP signaling. [PMID:22864416]


negative regulation of protein K48-linked ubiquitination

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of K48-linked ubiquitination, a protein ubiquitination process in which a polymer of ubiquitin, formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 48 of the ubiquitin monomers, is added to a protein. K48-linked ubiquitination targets the substrate protein for degradation. [GOC:BHF, GOC:rph, PMID:23460740]


regulation of protein K48-linked ubiquitination

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of protein K-48-linked ubiquitination, a protein ubiquitination process in which a polymer of ubiquitin, formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 48 of the ubiquitin monomers, is added to a protein. K48-linked ubiquitination targets the substrate protein for degradation. [PMID:23460740]


The discharge, by sperm, of a single, anterior secretory granule before the sperm reaches to the zona pellucida of the oocyte. The process begins with the fusion of the outer acrosomal membrane with the sperm plasma membrane and ends with the exocytosis of the acrosomal contents. [PMID:19153666, PMID:21380641, PMID:26655718]


Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the discharge, by sperm, of a single, anterior secretory granule before the sperm reaches to the zona pellucida of the oocyte. The process begins with the fusion of the outer acrosomal membrane with the sperm plasma membrane and ends with the exocytosis of the acrosomal contents. [PMID:22228629, PMID:23430248]


negative regulation of spontaneous acrosome loss

negative regulation of premature acrosome loss

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the discharge, by sperm, of a single, anterior secretory granule before the sperm reaches to the zona pellucida of the oocyte. The process begins with the fusion of the outer acrosomal membrane with the sperm plasma membrane and ends with the exocytosis of the acrosomal contents. [PMID:22228629, PMID:23430248]


establishment of protein localization to plasma membrane

The directed movement of a protein to a specific location in a plasma membrane. [GOC:dph, GOC:vw]


cytokinetic abscission
cell separation during cytokinesis

The process by which the midbody, the cytoplasmic bridge that connects the two prospective daughter cells, is severed at the end of mitotic cytokinesis, resulting in two separate daughter cells. [PMID:12737809, PMID:29903934]


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + adenine in mRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N(1)-methyladenine in mRNA. [PMID:29072297]


positive regulation of actin filament polymerization involved in sperm capacitation

Any process that icreases the rate or extent of actin polymerization as part of sperm capacitation. This process prevents a spontaneous acrosome reaction. [PMID:15749953, PMID:25966627, PMID:26514336, PMID:27178669]


positive regulation of actin filament depolymerization involved in acrosome reaction

Any process that increases the rate or exent of actin depolymerization as part of the acrosome reaction. This allows the acrosomal membrane and plasma membrane to fuse. [PMID:20937821]


penetration of cumulus mass
penetration of cumulus cells layer

The infiltration by sperm of the cumulus oophorus to reach the oocyte. The process involves digestive enzymes from a modified lysosome called the acrosome, situated at the head of the sperm. [PMID:21380641]


A protein complex that is capable of contributing to protein localization by the NVT pathway. In fission yeast, the Nvt complex consists of Ape2, Lap2 and Nbr1. [PMID:26365378]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an (R)-carnitine stimulus. [PMID:28102299]


Any process that modulates the frequency, or rate of heme oxygenase activity. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph, PMID:24844779]


positive regulation of heme oxygenase activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency or rate of heme oxygenase activity. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph, PMID:24844779]


negative regulation of heme oxygenase activity

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency or rate of heme oxygenase activity. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph, PMID:24844779]


regulation of entry into reproductive diapause

Any process that modulates the rate or extent of the dormancy process that results in entry into reproductive diapause. Reproductive diapause is a form of diapause where the organism itself will remain fully active, including feeding and other routine activities, but the reproductive organs experience a tissue-specific reduction in metabolism, with characteristic triggering and releasing stimuli. [GOC:ha, PMID:27689881]


negative regulation of entry into reproductive diapause

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the dormancy process that results in entry into reproductive diapause. Reproductive diapause is a form of diapause where the organism itself will remain fully active, including feeding and other routine activities, but the reproductive organs experience a tissue-specific reduction in metabolism, with characteristic triggering and releasing stimuli. [GOC:ha, PMID:27689881]


positive regulation of entry into reproductive diapause

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of the dormancy process that results in entry into reproductive diapause. Reproductive diapause is a form of diapause where the organism itself will remain fully active, including feeding and other routine activities, but the reproductive organs experience a tissue-specific reduction in metabolism, with characteristic triggering and releasing stimuli. [GOC:ha, PMID:27689881]


The initial formation of the type asymmetry in an organism's body plan or part of an organism with respect to the left and right halves. [GOC:BHF, PMID:18629866]