The chemical reactions and pathways involving polyacyltrehalose, a pentaacylated, trehalose-based glycolipid. [GOC:rs, PMID:19729090]


polyacyltrehalose biosynthesis
polyacyltrehalose anabolism
polyacyltrehalose synthesis
polyacyltrehalose formation

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polyacyltrehalose, a pentaacylated, trehalose-based glycolipid. [GOC:rs, PMID:19729090]


The process in which any suture between cranial and/or facial bones is generated and organized. [GOC:pr, GOC:sl, Wikipedia:Cranial_sutures, Wikipedia:Head_and_neck_anatomy#Musculoskeletal_system]


The process in which the frontonasal suture, between frontal and nasal bones, is generated and organized. [GOC:pr, GOC:sl, PMID:12416537, Wikipedia:Cranial_sutures, Wikipedia:Head_and_neck_anatomy#Musculoskeletal_system]


The process in which any suture between facial bones is generated and organized. [GOC:pr, GOC:sl, Wikipedia:Cranial_sutures, Wikipedia:Head_and_neck_anatomy#Musculoskeletal_system]


The process in which the nasal suture is generated and organized. [GOC:pr, GOC:sl, Wikipedia:Cranial_sutures, Wikipedia:Head_and_neck_anatomy#Musculoskeletal_system]


An activity that facilitates the base-pairing of single-stranded RNA to double-stranded DNA resulting in the formation of R-loops. [GOC:imk, PMID:21699496]


The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of albumen (also called egg white). Albumen is the clear liquid contained within an egg and consists of water and proteins, among which are ovomucin and ovomucoid. It protects the egg yolk and provides additional nutrition for the growth of the embryo. [GOC:jj, Wikipedia:Albumen]


Binding to supercoiled DNA. For example, during replication and transcription, template DNA is negatively supercoiled in the receding downstream DNA and positively supercoiled in the approaching downstream DNA. [GOC:pr, GOC:rph, PMID:20723754, PMID:21345933, Wikipedia:DNA_supercoil]


blood vessel endothelial cell fate specification

The process involved in the specification of identity of a blood vessel endothelial cell. Once specification has taken place, a cell will be committed to differentiate down a specific pathway if left in its normal environment. A blood vessel endothelial cell is an endothelial cell of the vascular tree, which includes blood vessels and lymphatic vessels. [CL:0002139, GOC:dgh, PMID:21521739]


The process involved in the specification of identity of an endothelial tip cell. Once specification has taken place, a cell will be committed to differentiate down a specific pathway if left in its normal environment. An endothelial tip cell is a specialized endothelial cell localized to the leading edge of an angiogenic sprout that senses extracellular signals and guides the directed growth of blood vessels. [CL:0000704, GOC:dgh, PMID:21521739]


angiogenic stalk cell fate specification

endothelial stalk cell fate specification

The process involved in the specification of identity of an endothelial stalk cell. Once specification has taken place, a cell will be committed to differentiate down a specific pathway if left in its normal environment. An endothelial stalk cell is a specialized endothelial cell which follows behind the tip cell of an angiogenic sprout. [CL:0002671, GOC:dgh, PMID:21521739]


The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a postsynaptic membrane, a specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). [GOC:BHF, GOC:sjp, PMID:21424692]


The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a presynaptic membrane, including any proteins associated with the membrane, but excluding other cellular components. A presynaptic membrane is a specialized area of membrane of the axon terminal that faces the plasma membrane of the neuron or muscle fiber with which the axon terminal establishes a synaptic junction. [GOC:BHF, GOC:pr, GOC:sjp, PMID:15797875, PMID:18550748]


post synaptic specialization organization

A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a postsynaptic density, a region that lies adjacent to the cytoplasmic face of the postsynaptic membrane at excitatory synapse. [GOC:BHF, GOC:sjp, PMID:21525273]


post-synaptic density assembly
PSD assembly
post synaptic density assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a postsynaptic density, a region that lies adjacent to the cytoplasmic face of the postsynaptic membrane at excitatory synapse. [GOC:BHF, GOC:sjp, PMID:21525273]


Binding to a member of the hedgehog protein family, signaling proteins involved in development. [GOC:BHF, GOC:pr, PMID:10050855]


Binding to a member of the neuroligin protein family, neuronal cell surface proteins that mediate synapse formation. [GOC:BHF, GOC:pr, GOC:sjp, PMID:21424692]


Binding to a scaffold protein. Scaffold proteins are crucial regulators of many key signaling pathways. Although not strictly defined in function, they are known to interact and/or bind with multiple members of a signaling pathway, tethering them into complexes. [GOC:BHF, GOC:sjp, PMID:10433269, Wikipedia:Scaffold_protein]


ER-Golgi intermediate compartment organization

endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment organisation

endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Golgi intermediate compartment. [GOC:br, PMID:18287528]


endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment organization and biogenesis


gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor clustering

The receptor clustering process in which gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors are localized to distinct domains in the cell membrane. [GOC:BHF, GOC:sjp, PMID:15620359]


alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate selective glutamate receptor clustering

The glutamate receptor clustering process in which alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA) receptors are localized to distinct domains in the cell membrane. [GOC:BHF, GOC:pr, GOC:sjp, PMID:12796785]


The receptor clustering process in which N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are localized to distinct domains in the cell membrane. [GOC:BHF, GOC:sjp, PMID:15620359]


guanylate kinase-associated protein clustering

The clustering process in which guanylate kinase-associated proteins (GKAPs) are localized to distinct domains in the cell membrane. GKAP facilitates assembly of the post synaptic density of neurons. [GOC:BHF, GOC:sjp, PMID:15620359]


post-synaptic density protein 95 clustering

postsynaptic density protein 95 clustering

The clustering process in which postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95) molecules are localized to distinct domains in the cell membrane. PSD-95 is mostly located in the post synaptic density of neurons, and is involved in anchoring synaptic proteins. [GOC:BHF, GOC:sjp, PMID:10433269]


Any process in which a receptor is transported to, and/or maintained at the synapse, the junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron or muscle fiber or glial cell. [GOC:BHF, GOC:sjp, PMID:21525273]


A protein complex consisting of cyclin A1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1). Cyclins are characterized by periodicity in protein abundance throughout the cell cycle. Cyclin-dependent kinases represent a family of serine/threonine protein kinases that become active upon binding to a cyclin regulatory partner. [GOC:so, PMID:15935619]


A protein complex consisting of cyclin A2 and cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1). Cyclins are characterized by periodicity in protein abundance throughout the cell cycle. Cyclin-dependent kinases represent a family of serine/threonine protein kinases that become active upon binding to a cyclin regulatory partner. [GOC:so, PMID:15935619]


A protein complex consisting of cyclin A1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2). Cyclins are characterized by periodicity in protein abundance throughout the cell cycle. Cyclin-dependent kinases represent a family of serine/threonine protein kinases that become active upon binding to a cyclin regulatory partner. [GOC:so, PMID:15935619]


A protein complex consisting of cyclin A2 and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2). Cyclins are characterized by periodicity in protein abundance throughout the cell cycle. Cyclin-dependent kinases represent a family of serine/threonine protein kinases that become active upon binding to a cyclin regulatory partner. [GOC:so, PMID:15935619]


A protein complex consisting of cyclin B1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1). Cyclins are characterized by periodicity in protein abundance throughout the cell cycle. Cyclin-dependent kinases represent a family of serine/threonine protein kinases that become active upon binding to a cyclin regulatory partner. [GOC:so, PMID:15935619]


A protein complex consisting of cyclin B2 and cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1). Cyclins are characterized by periodicity in protein abundance throughout the cell cycle. Cyclin-dependent kinases represent a family of serine/threonine protein kinases that become active upon binding to a cyclin regulatory partner. [GOC:so, PMID:15935619]


A protein complex consisting of cyclin B3 and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2). Cyclins are characterized by periodicity in protein abundance throughout the cell cycle. Cyclin-dependent kinases represent a family of serine/threonine protein kinases that become active upon binding to a cyclin regulatory partner. [GOC:so, PMID:15935619]


A protein complex consisting of cyclin D1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4). Cyclins are characterized by periodicity in protein abundance throughout the cell cycle. Cyclin-dependent kinases represent a family of serine/threonine protein kinases that become active upon binding to a cyclin regulatory partner. [GOC:so, PMID:15935619]


A protein complex consisting of cyclin D2 and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4). Cyclins are characterized by periodicity in protein abundance throughout the cell cycle. Cyclin-dependent kinases represent a family of serine/threonine protein kinases that become active upon binding to a cyclin regulatory partner. [GOC:so, PMID:15935619]


A protein complex consisting of cyclin D3 and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4). Cyclins are characterized by periodicity in protein abundance throughout the cell cycle. Cyclin-dependent kinases represent a family of serine/threonine protein kinases that become active upon binding to a cyclin regulatory partner. [GOC:so, PMID:15935619]


A protein complex consisting of cyclin D1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6). Cyclins are characterized by periodicity in protein abundance throughout the cell cycle. Cyclin-dependent kinases represent a family of serine/threonine protein kinases that become active upon binding to a cyclin regulatory partner. [GOC:so, PMID:15935619]


A protein complex consisting of cyclin D2 and cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6). Cyclins are characterized by periodicity in protein abundance throughout the cell cycle. Cyclin-dependent kinases represent a family of serine/threonine protein kinases that become active upon binding to a cyclin regulatory partner. [GOC:so, PMID:15935619]


A protein complex consisting of cyclin D3 and cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6). Cyclins are characterized by periodicity in protein abundance throughout the cell cycle. Cyclin-dependent kinases represent a family of serine/threonine protein kinases that become active upon binding to a cyclin regulatory partner. [GOC:so, PMID:15935619]


A protein complex consisting of cyclin E1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2). Cyclins are characterized by periodicity in protein abundance throughout the cell cycle. Cyclin-dependent kinases represent a family of serine/threonine protein kinases that become active upon binding to a cyclin regulatory partner. [GOC:so, PMID:15935619]


A protein complex consisting of cyclin E2 and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2). Cyclins are characterized by periodicity in protein abundance throughout the cell cycle. Cyclin-dependent kinases represent a family of serine/threonine protein kinases that become active upon binding to a cyclin regulatory partner. [GOC:so, PMID:15935619]


A protein complex that consists of members of the Bcl-2 family of anti- and proapoptotic regulators. Bcl-2 proteins respond to cues from various forms of intracellular stress, such as DNA damage or cytokine deprivation, and interact with opposing family members to determine whether or not the caspase proteolytic cascade should be unleashed. [GOC:so, PMID:14634621]


A heterodimeric protein complex consisting of BAD and BCL-xl, members of the Bcl-2 family of anti- and proapoptotic regulators. [GOC:so, PMID:14634621]


A heterodimeric protein complex consisting of BAD and BCL-2, members of the Bcl-2 family of anti- and proapoptotic regulators. [GOC:so, PMID:14634621]


A heterodimeric protein complex consisting of BID and BCL-2, members of the Bcl-2 family of anti- and proapoptotic regulators. [GOC:so, PMID:14634621]


A heterodimeric protein complex consisting of BIM and BCL-xl, members of the Bcl-2 family of anti- and proapoptotic regulators. [GOC:so, PMID:14634621]


A heterodimeric protein complex consisting of BIM and BCL-2, members of the Bcl-2 family of anti- and proapoptotic regulators. [GOC:so, PMID:14634621]


A heterodimeric protein complex consisting of PUMA and BCL-2, members of the Bcl-2 family of anti- and proapoptotic regulators. [GOC:so, PMID:14634621]


A heterodimeric protein complex consisting of PUMA and BCL-xl, members of the Bcl-2 family of anti- and proapoptotic regulators. [GOC:so, PMID:14634621]


An oligomeric protein complex consisting of BAX, a member of the Bcl-2 family of anti- and proapoptotic regulators. [GOC:so, PMID:14634621]


An oligomeric protein complex consisting of BAK, a member of the Bcl-2 family of anti- and proapoptotic regulators. [GOC:so, PMID:14634621]


A heterodimeric protein complex consisting of NOXA and BCL-xl, members of the Bcl-2 family of anti- and proapoptotic regulators. [GOC:so, PMID:14634621]


A heterodimeric protein complex consisting of NOXA and BCL-2, members of the Bcl-2 family of anti- and proapoptotic regulators. [GOC:so, PMID:14634621]


A homodimeric protein complex consisting of BCL-2, a member of the Bcl-2 family of anti- and proapoptotic regulators. [GOC:bhm, GOC:so, PMID:14634621]


A heterotetrameric protein complex playing a key role in the formation of the central spindle in mitosis. Made up of two molecules each of a mitotic kinesin (ZEN-4 in Caenorhabditis elegans or MKLP1 in mammals) and of two molecules each of a GTPase activating protein (GAP) factor (CYK-4 in Caenorhabditis elegans or MgcRacGAP in mammals). [GOC:ans, PMID:11782313, PMID:16236794]


neuronal stem cell population maintenance

Any process in by an organism or tissue maintains a population of neuronal stem cells. [CL:0000047, GOC:dos, GOC:yaf, PMID:11399758]


positive regulation of inhibitory post-synaptic membrane potential

positive regulation of inhibitory postsynaptic potential

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP). IPSP is a temporary decrease in postsynaptic membrane potential due to the flow of negatively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an IPSP is an inhibitory postsynaptic current (IPSC) and makes it more difficult for the neuron to fire an action potential. [GOC:BHF, GOC:sjp, PMID:18550748]


Any apoptotic process in a mesenchymal cell. A mesenchymal cell is a loosely associated cell that is part of the connective tissue in an organism. Mesenchymal cells give rise to more mature connective tissue cell types. [CL:0000134, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:yaf, PMID:18231833]


cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile, and contributing to the apoptotic process. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis]


The process in which a neuroblast acquires the specialized structural and functional features of a GABAergic neuron. [GOC:kmv, PMID:11517269]


The collection of sensory neuron axons into a bundle of rods, known as a fascicle. [GOC:lb, PMID:18403711]


The collection of motor neuron axons into a bundle of rods, known as a fascicle. [GOC:lb, PMID:18403711]


Binding to an intronic sequence of a pre-messenger RNA (pre-mRNA). [GOC:ans, PMID:16260624]


pre-messenger RNA intronic pyrimidine-rich binding

pre-mRNA intronic pyrimidine-rich binding

Binding to a pyrimidine-rich (CU-rich) intronic sequence of a pre-messenger RNA (pre-mRNA). [GOC:ans, PMID:16260624, PMID:16777844]


Binding to an organic cyclic compound, any molecular entity that contains carbon arranged in a cyclic molecular structure. [GOC:sjw, PMID:7583672]


Binding to a polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB), a biphenyl compound containing between 2 and 10 chlorine atoms attached to the two benzene rings. [GOC:sjw, PMID:7583672]


Binding to a DH (Dbl homology) domain of a protein. The DH domain contains three structurally conserved regions separated by more variable regions. It is composed of 11 alpha helices that are folded into a flattened, elongated alpha-helix bundle in which two of the three conserved regions, conserved region 1 (CR1) and conserved region 3 (CR3), are exposed near the centre of one surface. CR1 and CR3, together with a part of alpha-6 and the DH/PH (pleckstrin homology) junction site, constitute the Rho GTPase interacting pocket. [GOC:yaf, InterPro:IPR000219, PMID:12775584]


Binding to a MADS box domain, a protein domain that encodes the DNA-binding MADS domain. The MADS domain binds to DNA sequences of high similarity to the motif CC[A/T]6GG termed the CArG-box. MADS-domain proteins are generally transcription factors. The length of the MADS-box is in the range of 168 to 180 base pairs. [GOC:yaf, InterPro:IPR002100, PMID:18296735, Wikipedia:MADS-box]


Covalently binding to sulfur and delivering it to an acceptor molecule. [GOC:imk, PMID:16387657]


ammonium ion metabolism
ammonium metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving the ammonium ion. [GOC:dhl, GOC:tb, PMID:14671018]


A dense aggregation in the nucleus composed of proteins and RNAs that appear when the cell is under stress. [GOC:ans, PMID:10359787, PMID:12865437]


The multiplication or reproduction of lens epithelial cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. Lens epithelial cells make up the lens epithelium, which is located in the anterior portion of the lens between the lens capsule and the lens fibers and is a simple cuboidal epithelium. The epithelial cells of the lens regulate most of the homeostatic functions of the lens such as osmolarity and liquid volume. The lens epithelial cells also serve as the progenitors for new lens fibers. The lens epithelium constantly lays down fibers in the embryo, fetus, infant, and adult, and continues to lay down fibers for lifelong growth. [CL:0002224, GOC:yaf, PMID:18423449, Wikipedia:Lens_%28anatomy%29#Lens_epithelium]


regulation of mRNA translation in response to circadian clock

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mRNA translation with a regularity of approximately 24 hours. [GOC:ans, PMID:17264215]


The multiplication or reproduction of mesenchymal stem cells, resulting in the expansion of a stem cell population. A mesenchymal stem cell, or MSC, is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized mesenchymal cells. [CL:0000134, GOC:yaf, PMID:20626275]


An inflammasome complex that consists of AIM2, ASC, and caspase-1. AIM2 is a member of the HN-200 protein family that appears to be the sensor of cytosolic double-stranded DNA. [GOC:vp, PMID:20303873]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose, an ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose having beta-configuration at the anomeric centre of the heptose. ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose (also called ADP-L-beta-D-heptose or ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose) is a nucleotide-sugar precursor of the inner core lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate. [GOC:yaf]


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose, an ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose having beta-configuration at the anomeric centre of the heptose. ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose (also called ADP-L-beta-D-heptose or ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose) is a nucleotide-sugar precursor of the inner core lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate. [GOC:yaf, UniPathway:UPA00356]


N-acetylmuramate metabolism
N-acetylmuramic acid metabolism
N-acetylmuramate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving N-acetylmuramic acid (MurNAc), a monosaccharide derivative of N-acetylglucosamine. [GOC:yaf]


N-acetylmuramate degradation
N-acetylmuramic acid catabolism
N-acetylmuramate catabolic process
N-acetylmuramate catabolism
N-acetylmuramic acid degradation
N-acetylmuramate breakdown
N-acetylmuramic acid breakdown

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of N-acetylmuramic acid (MurNAc), a monosaccharide derivative of N-acetylglucosamine. [GOC:yaf, UniPathway:UPA00342]


1,6-anhydro-N-acetylmuramic acid metabolic process

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-beta-muramic acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving 1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-beta-muramic acid, the 1,6-anhydro-derivative of N-acetyl-beta-muramic acid. [GOC:yaf, PMID:15901686]


1,6-anhydro-N-acetylmuramic acid catabolic process

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-beta-muramic acid catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 1,6-anhydro-N-acetylmuramic acid, the 1,6-anhydro-derivative of N-acetyl-beta-muramic acid. [GOC:yaf, PMID:15901686, UniPathway:UPA00343]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving epoxides, compounds in which an oxygen atom is directly attached to two adjacent or non-adjacent carbon atoms of a carbon chain or ring system; thus cyclic ethers. [GOC:rs, PMID:15822179]


Binding to a mitochondrial ribosome. [GOC:ans, PMID:20739282]


membrane ruffle formation
membrane ruffling

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a ruffle, a projection at the leading edge of a crawling cell; the protrusions are supported by a microfilament meshwork. The formation of ruffles (also called membrane ruffling) is thought to be controlled by a group of enzymes known as Rho GTPases, specifically RhoA, Rac1 and cdc42. [GOC:yaf, http:en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membrane_ruffling, PMID:12556481]


protease inhibitor complex
peptidase inhibitor complex
peptidase inhibitor complex location

A heterodimeric protein complex that contains a protease inhibitor and a protease; formation of the complex inhibits protease activity. [GOC:ans, PMID:6323392]


serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor complex location

serine protease inhibitor complex location

A heterodimeric protein complex that contains a serine protease inhibitor and a protease; formation of the complex inhibits serine protease activity. [GOC:ans, PMID:6323392]


SERPINA5-coagulation factor V complex location

protein C inhibitor-coagulation factor V complex location

plasma serine protease inhibitor-coagulation factor V complex location

serpin A5-coagulation factor V complex location

PCI-coagulation factor V complex location

A heterodimeric protein complex that contains protein C inhibitor (SERPINA5) and coagulation factor V (F5); formation of the complex inhibits the serine protease activity of coagulation factor V. [GOC:ans, PMID:6323392]


serpin A5-coagulation factor Xa complex location

SERPINA5-coagulation factor Xa complex location

plasma serine protease inhibitor-coagulation factor Xa complex location

protein C inhibitor-coagulation factor Xa complex location

PCI-coagulation factor Xa complex location

A heterodimeric protein complex that contains protein C inhibitor (SERPINA5) and coagulation factor Xa (F10); formation of the complex inhibits the serine protease activity of coagulation factor Xa. [GOC:ans, PMID:6323392]


serpin A5-coagulation factor XI complex location

protein C inhibitor-coagulation factor XI complex location

PCI-coagulation factor XI complex location

protein C inhibitor-F11 complex location

plasma serine protease inhibitor-coagulation factor XI complex location

SERPINA5-coagulation factor XI complex location

A heterodimeric protein complex that contains protein C inhibitor (SERPINA5) and coagulation factor XI (F11); formation of the complex inhibits the serine protease activity of coagulation factor XI. [GOC:ans, PMID:2844223]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an azide stimulus. [GOC:yaf, PMID:16846222]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an azide stimulus. [GOC:yaf, PMID:16846222]


The process in which calcium salts are deposited into the calcareous tooth structure known as dentin. [GOC:sl, PMID:10206335, PMID:21196346]


A vesicle containing parts of a dying cell. Apoptotic bodies can be formed during the execution phase of the apoptotic process, when the cell's cytoskeleton breaks up and causes the membrane to bulge outward. These bulges may separate from the cell, taking a portion of cytoplasm with them, to become apoptotic bodies. These are then engulfed by phagocytic cells, and their components recycled. Apoptotic bodies may range in size from 0.8 to 5um. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:vesicles, PMID:15242875, PMID:24223256, Wikipedia:Apoptosis, Wikipedia:Bleb_(cell_biology)]


induction of apoptosis by extracellular signals

The series of molecular signals which triggers the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway starts with reception of a signal, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis]


extrinsic apoptotic pathway
extrinsic apoptotic signalling pathway

The series of molecular signals in which a signal is conveyed from the cell surface to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway starts with either a ligand binding to a cell surface receptor, or a ligand being withdrawn from a cell surface receptor (e.g. in the case of signaling by dependence receptors), and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:yaf, PMID:17340152]


extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in presence of ligand


extrinsic apoptotic signalling pathway in absence of ligand

extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand

The series of molecular signals in which a signal is conveyed from the cell surface to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway starts with withdrawal of a ligand from a cell surface receptor, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, PMID:15044679, PMID:20816705]


extrinsic apoptosis in absence of ligand


The series of molecular signals in which an intracellular signal is conveyed to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway starts with reception of an intracellular signal (e.g. DNA damage, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress etc.), and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered. The intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway is crucially regulated by permeabilization of the mitochondrial outer membrane (MOMP). [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:yaf, PMID:11919192, PMID:17340152, PMID:18852119]


A stage of the apoptotic process that starts with the controlled breakdown of the cell through the action of effector caspases or other effector molecules (e.g. cathepsins, calpains etc.). Key steps of the execution phase are rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, PMID:21760595]


A protein complex involved in error-free DNA post-replication repair (PRR). In Saccharomyces cerevisiae the complex contains Csm2p, Psy3p, Shu1p, and Shu2p. [GOC:jh, PMID:15654096, PMID:19496932]


The modification of histone H3 by addition of three methyl groups to lysine at position 36 of the histone. [GOC:se, PMID:17948059]


cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic signalling pathway

cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic signaling pathway

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile, and contributing to the apoptotic signaling pathway. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, PMID:11717445, Wikipedia:Caspase]


cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in execution phase of apoptosis

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile, and contributing to the execution phase of apoptosis. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, Wikipedia:Caspase]


negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to stress

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. The stress is usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation). [GOC:rn, PMID:11027285, PMID:15575969, PMID:16556235, PMID:18086556, PMID:18627600]


activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity

Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme cysteine-type endopeptidase. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, PMID:21726810]


The tip or margin of the progressing circular lamella that engulfs a particle during phagocytosis. When the two lips of the cup fuse it is converted into a phagosome. [GOC:pf, PMID:20200225]


The older part of the phagocytic cup where the actin cytoskeleton disassembles, allowing early incoming and outgoing vesicular trafficking. [GOC:pf, PMID:20200225]


A renal system process in which fluid circulating through the body is filtered through a barrier system. [GOC:pr, GOC:sart]


The process by which hemolymph is filtered based on size and charge through a nephrocyte filtration barrier formed by the basement membrane and nephrocyte diaphragm. [GOC:sart, PMID:18971929]


A dormancy process in which dormancy (sometimes called a dormant state) is induced, maintained or broken in a bud. Bud dormancy is a suspension of most physiological activity and growth that can be reactivated. It may be a response to environmental conditions such as seasonality or extreme heat, drought, or cold. The exit from bud dormancy is marked by the resumed growth of the bud. [GOC:PO_curators, PO_REF:00009]


A specialized secretory organelle found in keratinocytes and involved in the formation of an impermeable, lipid-containing membrane that serves as a water barrier and is required for correct skin barrier function. [GOC:cjm, Wikipedia:Lamellar_granule]


response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone stimulus. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is a peptide hormone responsible for the release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary. GnRH is synthesized and released by the hypothalamus. [GOC:yaf, PMID:15976007]


cellular response to gonadotrophin-releasing hormone

cellular response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone stimulus. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is a peptide hormone responsible for the release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary. GnRH is synthesized and released by the hypothalamus. [GOC:yaf, PMID:15976007]


lysosome membrane organization
lysosomal membrane organisation

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a lysosomal membrane. A lysosomal membrane is the lipid bilayer surrounding the lysosome and separating its contents from the cell cytoplasm. [GOC:yaf, PMID:20544854]


regulation of lysosome membrane permeability

regulation of lysosomal membrane permeability

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the passage or uptake of molecules by the lysosomal membrane. [GOC:yaf, PMID:20544854]


positive regulation of lysosome membrane permeability

positive regulation of lysosomal membrane permeability

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the passage or uptake of molecules by the lysosomal membrane. [GOC:yaf, PMID:20544854]


negative regulation of lysosome membrane permeability

negative regulation of lysosomal membrane permeability

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the passage or uptake of molecules by the lysosomal membrane. [GOC:yaf, PMID:20544854]


Binding to guanosine tetraphosphate (5'-ppGpp-3'), a guanosine bisphosphate having diphosphate groups at both the 3' and 5'-positions. [GOC:imk, PMID:15109491, PMID:16968770, PMID:18359660]


A pit-like area in the cell wall of a sieve element; contains pores lined with callose and occupied by strands of protoplasmic material that interconnect the protoplasts of contiguous sieve elements. [ISBN:0471738433, POC:curators]


A part of the cell wall of a sieve tube member that bears one or more highly specialized sieve areas. [ISBN:0471738433, POC:curators]


A sieve plate that contains several specialized sieve areas in either a scalariform or reticulate arrangement. [ISBN:0471738433, POC:curators]


A sieve plate that contains a single specialized sieve area. [ISBN:0471738433, POC:curators]


M/G1 phase-specific MADS box-forkhead transcription factor complex location

A protein complex that contains a MADS-box protein and two forkhead domain proteins, and binds to and regulates transcription from promoters of genes transcribed during the M/G1 transition of the cell cycle. In Schizosaccharomyces pombe, the complex contains the MADS-box protein Mbx1 and two forkhead proteins, Sep1 and Fkh2. [GOC:mah, PMID:18057023]


pombe cell cycle box binding factor complex location


The enzymatic addition of a sequence of 40-60 adenylyl residues at the 3' end of a eukaryotic mitochondrial mRNA primary transcript. Mitochondria contain both stabilizing and destabilizing poly(A) tails. [GOC:ans, PMID:18083837]


The segment of the sperm flagellum that attaches to the implantation fossa of the nucleus in the sperm head; from the remnant of the centriole at this point, the axoneme extends throughout the length of the flagellum. [GOC:cjm, MP:0009830]


The tightly packed helical sheath of ATP-producing mitochondria restricted to the midpiece of the sperm flagellum. [GOC:cjm, MP:0009832]


The ring-like, filamentous structure located at the distal end of the midpiece of the sperm flagellum; the annulus is thought to form a diffusion barrier between the midpiece and the principal piece and serve as a stabilizing structure for tail rigidity. [GOC:cjm, MP:0009834]


The segment of the sperm flagellum where the mitochondrial sheath ends, and the outer dense fibers (ODFs) associated with outer axonemal doublets 3 and 8 are replaced by the 2 longitudinal columns of the fibrous sheath (FS) which run the length of the principal piece and are stabilized by circumferential ribs. The principal piece makes up ~2/3 of the length of the sperm flagellum and is defined by the presence of the FS and of only 7 (rather than 9) ODFs which taper and then terminate near the distal end of the principal piece. [GOC:cjm, MP:0009836]


The short tip of the sperm flagellum, adjacent to the sperm principal piece and furthest from the sperm head, which contains only the axoneme surrounded by the plasma membrane. [GOC:cjm, GOC:sart, MP:0009837]


potassium ion facilitation of cell motility

cell motility in response to potassium ion

Any process involved in the controlled self-propelled movement of a cell that results in translocation of the cell from one place to another as a result of a potassium ion stimulus. [GOC:pf, PMID:19363786, PMID:21239624]


calcium ion facilitation of cell motility

cell motility in response to calcium ion

Any process involved in the controlled self-propelled movement of a cell that results in translocation of the cell from one place to another as a result of a calcium ion stimulus. [GOC:pf, PMID:19363786, PMID:21239624, PMID:8937985]


The lipid bilayer surrounding a lamellar body. A lamellar body is a membrane-bounded organelle, specialized for the storage and secretion of various substances (surfactant phospholipids, glycoproteins and acid phosphates) which are arranged in the form of tightly packed, concentric, membrane sheets or lamellae. Has some similar properties to, but is distinct from, a lysosome. [GOC:sl, PMID:11940594]


The lipid bilayer surrounding an alveolar lamellar body, a specialized secretory organelle found in type II pneumocytes and involved in the synthesis, secretion, and reutilization of pulmonary surfactant. [GOC:sl, PMID:11940594]


The lipid bilayer surrounding an epidermal lamellar body, a specialized secretory organelle found in keratinocytes and involved in the formation of an impermeable, lipid-containing membrane that serves as a water barrier and is required for correct skin barrier function. [GOC:sl, PMID:11940594]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a methylglyoxal stimulus. Methylglyoxal is a 2-oxoaldehyde derived from propanal. [GOC:pr]


positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to methylglyoxal

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter in response to a methylglyoxal stimulus. [GOC:dgf, PMID:15773992]


attachment of chromatin to nuclear envelope


hemopoietic stem cell migration to bone marrow

hematopoietic stem cell migration to bone marrow

The orderly movement of a hematopoietic stem cell into the bone marrow, and its subsequent positioning within defined functional compartments in that microenvironment. A hematopoietic stem cell is a cell from which all cells of the lymphoid and myeloid lineages develop, including blood cells and cells of the immune system. [CL:0000037, GOC:yaf, PMID:17368745]


The process in which amyloid-beta is removed from extracellular brain regions by mechanisms involving cell surface receptors. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, GOC:BHF, PMID:18289866, PMID:19098903, PMID:26005850]


Binding to a flavonoid, a compound containing two or more aromatic rings, each bearing at least one aromatic hydroxyl and connected with a carbon bridge. [GOC:sl, PMID:20599706]


Binding to a flavonol, a flavonoid that contains a 3-hydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one backbone. [GOC:sl]


Binding to a catechin, a polyphenolic antioxidant plant metabolite with a flavonoid or flavan-3-ol structure. [GOC:sl]


Binding to epigallocatechin 3-gallate, a compound that is a gallic acid ester of a catechin. [GOC:sl, PMID:21307292]


maintenance of protein location in cell cortex of cell tip

A process in which a protein or protein complex is maintained in a specific location in the cell cortex of a cell tip, and is prevented from moving elsewhere. The cell cortex of a cell tip is the region directly beneath the plasma membrane at either end of the longest axis of a cylindrical or elongated cell. [GOC:al, PMID:19646873]


mitochondrial respiratory supercomplex assembly

mitochondrial respiratory chain supercomplex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of respiratory enzyme complexes of the mitochondrial inner membrane (including, for example, complex II, complex III, complex IV) to form a large supercomplex. [GOC:mcc, PMID:21909073, PMID:22342701]


LTB4 synthesis
LTB4 biosynthesis
leukotriene B4 formation
LTB4 anabolism
leukotriene B4 synthesis
LTB4 formation
leukotriene B4 anabolism
leukotriene B4 biosynthesis

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of leukotriene B4, a leukotriene composed of (6Z,8E,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoic acid having (5S)- and (12R)-hydroxy substituents. [GOC:yaf, UniPathway:UPA00878]


Any apoptotic process in an oligodendrocyte. Oligodendrocytes belong to a class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system, where they form the insulating myelin sheath of axons. [CL:0000128, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:yaf, PMID:16723520]


(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate transmembrane transporter activity

3-hydroxybutanoic acid transmembrane transporter activity

beta-hydroxybutyrate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of beta-hydroxybutyrate from one side of a membrane to the other. Beta-hydroxybutyrate is the conjugate base of (R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid. [GOC:dsf, PMID:22302940]


A highly conserved protein complex comprised of two ATP-dependent DNA helicases (Rvb1p and Rvb2p in yeast, Pontin52 and Reptin52 in humans), Pih1p in yeast or PIH1D1 in humans, and Tah1 in yeast or RPAP3 in humans. The complex associates with Hsp90 and is thought to have a role in assembly of large protein or protein/nucleic acid complexes. In this role it is involved in multiple processes such as box C/D snoRNP biogenesis, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase-related protein kinase (PIKK) signaling, RNA polymerase II assembly, and others. [GOC:mcc, PMID:15766533, PMID:21925213]


Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-3-phenyllactate + NAD+ = 3-phenylpyruvate + H+ + NADH. [GOC:pde, PMID:10849007, RHEA:38351]


leukotriene B4 12-hydroxydehydrogenase activity

leukotriene B4 12-hydroxy dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: leukotriene B4 + NADP(+) = 12-oxo-leukotriene B4 + NADPH + H(+). [GOC:mw, KEGG_REACTION:R03864, PMID:8394361, PMID:9461497]


20-hydroxy-leukotriene B4 omega-oxidase activity

20-hydroxy-leukotriene B4 omega oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 20-hydroxy-leukotriene B4 + O2 + reduced [NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] = 20-oxo-leukotriene B4 + H+ + 2 H2O + oxidized [NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]. [GOC:mw, PMID:2836406, PMID:9675028, RHEA:48668]


20-aldehyde-leukotriene B4 20-monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 20-oxo-leukotriene B4 + O2 + reduced [NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] = 20-carboxy-leukotriene B4 + 2 H+ + H2O + oxidized [NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]. [GOC:mw, PMID:2549038, PMID:2836406, PMID:9675028, RHEA:48672]


Catalysis of the reaction: leukotriene A4 = eoxin A4. [GOC:mw, PMID:18184802, PMID:18647347]


Catalysis of the reaction: eoxin A4 + glutathione = eoxin C4. [GOC:mw, PMID:18184802, PMID:18647347]


Catalysis of the reaction: eoxin C4 = eoxin D4 + 5-L-glutamyl amino acid. [GOC:mw, PMID:18184802, PMID:18647347]


Catalysis of the reaction: eoxin D4 + H20 = eoxin E4 + glycine. [GOC:mw, PMID:18184802, PMID:18647347]


The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their own peptide bonds. [GOC:yaf, PMID:18676612, PMID:19144634]


5-hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid dehydrogenase activity

5(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 5-HETE + NADP(+) = 5-oxo-ETE + NADPH + H(+). [GOC:mw, PMID:1326548]


ring 1,2-phenylacetyl-CoA epoxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: phenylacetyl-CoA + H(+) + NADPH + O2 = 2-(1,2-epoxy-1,2-dihydrophenyl)acetyl-CoA + H2O + NADP(+). [EC:1.14.13.149, GOC:bf, GOC:gk, PMID:20660314, PMID:21247899]


The chemical reactions and pathways by which arachidonic acid is converted to other compounds initially by omega-hydroxylation. [GOC:mw, PMID:10681399]


A subcellular filamentary structure where CTP synthase is compartmentalized in a range of organisms including bacteria, yeast, fruit fly, rat and human. [GOC:mag, PMID:20513629, PMID:21930098, Wikipedia:CTP_synthase#Cytoophidium]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate + 7 isopentenyl diphosphate = 7 diphosphate + all-trans-decaprenyl diphosphate. [GOC:mw, PMID:16262699, RHEA:27802]


The temporary recovery of response to a stimulus when a novel stimulus is added. [GOC:kmv, PMID:11390637, Wikipedia:Habituation]


protein localization to cellular bud neck

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, a location within a cellular bud neck. [GOC:rb, PMID:22344253]


Any biological process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of ammonium. [GOC:yaf, PMID:12695560]


Any biological process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of creatinine. [GOC:yaf, PMID:12695560]


Any biological process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of urea. [GOC:yaf, PMID:12695560]


Any biological process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of ammonium at the level of the cell. [GOC:yaf, PMID:12695560]


Any biological process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of creatinine at the level of the cell. [GOC:yaf, PMID:12695560]


Any biological process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of urea at the level of the cell. [GOC:yaf, PMID:12695560]


histamine secretion mediated by IgE antibody

histamine secretion mediated by IgE immunoglobulin

Histamine release triggered by the binding of an antigen to an IgE immunoglobulin bound to the cell surface. An example is mast cell histamine degranulation as a result of exposure of mast cell-bound IgE to alder tree pollen. [GOC:add, GOC:rv]


histamine secretion mediated by immunoglobulin

Histamine release triggered by the binding of an antigen to an immunoglobulin bound to the cell surface. [GOC:add, GOC:rv, PMID:11490155, PMID:1719184]


The process that gives rise to an immune complex. Immune complexes are clusters of antibodies bound to antigen, to which complement may also be fixed, and which may precipitate or remain in solution. Examples are the clumping of cells such as bacteria or red blood cells in the presence of an antibody, precipitation of a toxin after an antibody binds to it, and clumping of viral particles as a result of antibody binding to the virus. [GOC:add, GOC:rv]


The inhibition of an antigen's biological effects by antibody binding to it. An example is neutralization of diphtheria toxin by preventing its entry into human cells via the binding of antibody specific for diphtheria toxin. [GOC:add, GOC:rv]


Any apoptotic process in a keratinocyte. A keratinocyte is an epidermal cell which synthesizes keratin and undergoes a characteristic change as it moves upward from the basal layers of the epidermis to the cornified (horny) layer of the skin. [CL:0000312, GOC:jc, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, PMID:10201527]


Any apoptotic process in a hepatocyte, the main structural component of the liver. [CL:0000182, GOC:jc, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, PMID:15856020]


regulation of anthocyanin degradation
regulation of anthocyanin catabolism
regulation of anthocyanin breakdown

regulation of anthocyanin catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of anthocyanin catabolic process. [GOC:TermGenie]


negative regulation of anthocyanin catabolism

down regulation of anthocyanin breakdown

negative regulation of anthocyanin degradation

down regulation of anthocyanin catabolism

negative regulation of anthocyanin breakdown

down regulation of anthocyanin degradation

negative regulation of anthocyanin catabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of anthocyanin catabolic process. [GOC:TermGenie]


down regulation of anthocyanin catabolic process


positive regulation of anthocyanin degradation

positive regulation of anthocyanin breakdown

up regulation of anthocyanin degradation

positive regulation of anthocyanin catabolism

positive regulation of anthocyanin catabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of anthocyanin catabolic process. [GOC:TermGenie]


up regulation of anthocyanin catabolic process


regulation of serine-type endopeptidase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of serine-type endopeptidase activity. [GOC:TermGenie]


regulation of blood coagulation factor activity


negative regulation of serine-type endopeptidase activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of serine-type endopeptidase activity. [GOC:TermGenie]


down regulation of blood coagulation factor activity


down regulation of serine-type endopeptidase activity


negative regulation of blood coagulation factor activity


up regulation of serine-type endopeptidase activity

positive regulation of serine-type endopeptidase activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of serine-type endopeptidase activity. [GOC:TermGenie]


up regulation of blood coagulation factor activity

positive regulation of blood coagulation factor activity


positive regulation of dendrite development

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of dendrite development. [GOC:TermGenie]


regulation of adrenocorticotropin-releasing hormone receptor activity

regulation of corticotropin-releasing factor receptor activity

regulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor activity. [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:yaf, PMID:18234674]


down regulation of corticotropin-releasing factor receptor activity

negative regulation of adrenocorticotropin-releasing hormone receptor activity

negative regulation of corticotropin-releasing factor receptor activity

down regulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor activity

down regulation of CRF receptor activity

negative regulation of CRF receptor activity

down regulation of adrenocorticotropin-releasing hormone receptor activity

negative regulation of CRH receptor activity

down regulation of CRH receptor activity

negative regulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor activity. [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:yaf, PMID:18234674]


up regulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor activity

positive regulation of CRH receptor activity

positive regulation of adrenocorticotropin-releasing hormone receptor activity

up regulation of adrenocorticotropin-releasing hormone receptor activity

up regulation of corticotropin-releasing factor receptor activity

positive regulation of CRF receptor activity

positive regulation of corticotropin-releasing factor receptor activity

positive regulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor activity. [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:yaf, PMID:18234674]


regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response. [GOC:TermGenie]


regulation of cytokine production involved in acute inflammatory response


negative regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response. [GOC:TermGenie]


down regulation of cytokine production involved in acute inflammatory response


down regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response


negative regulation of cytokine production involved in acute inflammatory response


positive regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response. [GOC:TermGenie]


positive regulation of cytokine production involved in acute inflammatory response


up regulation of cytokine production involved in acute inflammatory response


up regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response


phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain serine 5 residues involved in recruitment of mRNA capping enzyme to RNA polymerase II holoenzyme complex

Any phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain serine 5 residues that is involved in recruitment of mRNA capping enzyme to RNA polymerase II holoenzyme complex. [GOC:rb, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:10594013, PMID:19666497]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase C activity. [GOC:signaling, GOC:TermGenie]


positive regulation of PKC activity
up regulation of PKC activity
positive regulation of PKC
up regulation of PKC

positive regulation of protein kinase C activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase C activity. [GOC:signaling, GOC:TermGenie]


regulation of sphingosine kinase activity

regulation of D-erythro-sphingosine kinase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of D-erythro-sphingosine kinase activity. [GOC:signaling, GOC:TermGenie]


up regulation of D-erythro-sphingosine kinase activity

up regulation of sphingosine kinase activity

positive regulation of sphingosine kinase activity

positive regulation of D-erythro-sphingosine kinase activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of D-erythro-sphingosine kinase activity. [GOC:signaling, GOC:TermGenie]


regulation of cell spreading during cell substrate adhesion

regulation of substrate adhesion dependent cell spreading

regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading. [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:yaf]


negative regulation of substrate adhesion dependent cell spreading

down regulation of cell spreading during cell substrate adhesion

negative regulation of cell spreading during cell substrate adhesion

down regulation of substrate adhesion dependent cell spreading

down regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading

negative regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading. [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:yaf]


positive regulation of cell spreading during cell substrate adhesion

up regulation of substrate adhesion dependent cell spreading

up regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading

positive regulation of substrate adhesion dependent cell spreading

up regulation of cell spreading during cell substrate adhesion

positive regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading. [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:yaf]


regulation of membrane ruffling
regulation of membrane ruffle formation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ruffle assembly. [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:yaf]


down regulation of membrane ruffle formation

negative regulation of membrane ruffle formation

negative regulation of membrane ruffling

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ruffle assembly. [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:yaf]


positive regulation of membrane ruffle formation

up regulation of membrane ruffle formation

positive regulation of membrane ruffling

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ruffle assembly. [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:yaf]


regulation of pectin synthesis
regulation of pectin formation
regulation of pectin anabolism
regulation of pectin biosynthesis

regulation of pectin biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of pectin biosynthetic process. [GOC:TermGenie]


regulation of trichome pattern biosynthesis

regulation of trichome pattern formation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of trichome patterning. [GOC:TermGenie]


negative regulation of trichome pattern formation

down-regulation of trichome pattern formation

down regulation of trichome pattern formation

inhibition of trichome pattern biosynthesis

down-regulation of trichome pattern biosynthesis

downregulation of trichome pattern biosynthesis

downregulation of trichome pattern formation

down regulation of trichome pattern biosynthesis

negative regulation of trichome pattern biosynthesis

inhibition of trichome pattern formation

negative regulation of trichome patterning

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of trichome patterning. [GOC:TermGenie]


regulation of cellular response to heat stress

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to heat. [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:yaf]


down-regulation of cellular response to heat stress

down regulation of cellular response to heat stress

negative regulation of cellular response to heat stress

downregulation of cellular response to heat stress

inhibition of cellular response to heat stress

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to heat. [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:yaf]


up regulation of cellular response to heat stress

upregulation of cellular response to heat stress

positive regulation of cellular response to heat stress

activation of cellular response to heat stress

up-regulation of cellular response to heat stress

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to heat. [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:yaf]


up-regulation of cellular response to heat

up regulation of cellular response to heat


regulation of cellular response to hypoxic stress

regulation of cellular response to lowered oxygen tension

regulation of cellular response to hypoxia

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to hypoxia. [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:yaf]


down-regulation of cellular response to hypoxia

down regulation of cellular response to hypoxia


activation of cellular response to hypoxia

up regulation of cellular response to hypoxic stress

activation of cellular response to lowered oxygen tension

up regulation of cellular response to lowered oxygen tension

up-regulation of cellular response to lowered oxygen tension

up-regulation of cellular response to hypoxic stress

upregulation of cellular response to hypoxic stress

positive regulation of cellular response to hypoxic stress

upregulation of cellular response to lowered oxygen tension

positive regulation of cellular response to lowered oxygen tension

activation of cellular response to hypoxic stress

upregulation of cellular response to hypoxia

positive regulation of cellular response to hypoxia

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to hypoxia. [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:yaf]


up-regulation of cellular response to hypoxia

up regulation of cellular response to hypoxia


regulation of protein K63-linked polyubiquitination

regulation of protein K63-linked ubiquitination

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein K63-linked ubiquitination. [GOC:TermGenie]


downregulation of protein K63-linked polyubiquitination

inhibition of protein K63-linked polyubiquitination

down-regulation of protein K63-linked polyubiquitination

down regulation of protein K63-linked polyubiquitination

negative regulation of protein K63-linked polyubiquitination

negative regulation of protein K63-linked ubiquitination

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein K63-linked ubiquitination. [GOC:TermGenie]


down-regulation of protein K63-linked ubiquitination

down regulation of protein K63-linked ubiquitination


downregulation of protein K63-linked ubiquitination


inhibition of protein K63-linked ubiquitination


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hemostasis. [GOC:TermGenie]


down-regulation of hemostasis
down regulation of hemostasis
downregulation of hemostasis

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hemostasis. [GOC:TermGenie]


upregulation of hemostasis
up-regulation of hemostasis
up regulation of hemostasis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hemostasis. [GOC:TermGenie]


regulation of histone replacement
regulation of histone displacement

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of histone exchange. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:20332092]


negative regulation of histone replacement

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of histone exchange. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:20332092]


negative regulation of histone chaperone


positive regulation of histone replacement

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of histone exchange. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:20332092]


positive regulation of histone chaperone


regulation of retinoic acid anabolic process

regulation of retinoic acid biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of retinoic acid biosynthetic process. [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:yaf]


down-regulation of retinoic acid anabolic process

downregulation of retinoic acid anabolic process

down regulation of retinoic acid anabolic process

inhibition of retinoic acid anabolic process

negative regulation of retinoic acid anabolic process

negative regulation of retinoic acid biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of retinoic acid biosynthetic process. [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:yaf]


downregulation of retinoic acid biosynthetic process

down-regulation of retinoic acid biosynthetic process

down regulation of retinoic acid biosynthetic process


inhibition of retinoic acid biosynthetic process


up-regulation of retinoic acid anabolic process

positive regulation of retinoic acid anabolic process

upregulation of retinoic acid anabolic process

activation of retinoic acid anabolic process

up regulation of retinoic acid anabolic process

positive regulation of retinoic acid biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of retinoic acid biosynthetic process. [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:yaf]


activation of retinoic acid biosynthetic process


up-regulation of retinoic acid biosynthetic process

up regulation of retinoic acid biosynthetic process


upregulation of retinoic acid biosynthetic process


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of leaf senescence. [GOC:TermGenie]


Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of leaf senescence. [GOC:TermGenie]


down-regulation of leaf senescence
downregulation of leaf senescence


Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of leaf senescence. [GOC:TermGenie]


upregulation of leaf senescence
up-regulation of leaf senescence


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sulfate assimilation. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:7601277, PMID:7891681]


regulation of sulphate assimilation, phosphoadenylyl sulphate reduction by an oxidoreductase, acting on sulphur group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor

regulation of sulfate assimilation, phosphoadenylyl sulfate reduction by an oxidoreductase, acting on sulfur group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor


activation of sulphate assimilation, phosphoadenylyl sulphate reduction by an oxidoreductase, acting on sulphur group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor

activation of sulfate assimilation, phosphoadenylyl sulfate reduction by an oxidoreductase, acting on sulfur group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor


positive regulation of sulphate assimilation, phosphoadenylyl sulphate reduction by an oxidoreductase, acting on sulphur group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor

positive regulation of sulfate assimilation, phosphoadenylyl sulfate reduction by an oxidoreductase, acting on sulfur group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor


up-regulation of sulfate assimilation, phosphoadenylyl sulfate reduction by an oxidoreductase, acting on sulfur group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor

up-regulation of sulphate assimilation, phosphoadenylyl sulphate reduction by an oxidoreductase, acting on sulphur group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor

up regulation of sulphate assimilation, phosphoadenylyl sulphate reduction by an oxidoreductase, acting on sulphur group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor

up regulation of sulfate assimilation, phosphoadenylyl sulfate reduction by an oxidoreductase, acting on sulfur group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor


positive regulation of sulphate assimilation

positive regulation of sulfate assimilation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of sulfate assimilation. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:7601277, PMID:7891681]


upregulation of sulphate assimilation, phosphoadenylyl sulphate reduction by an oxidoreductase, acting on sulphur group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor

upregulation of sulfate assimilation, phosphoadenylyl sulfate reduction by an oxidoreductase, acting on sulfur group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor


down regulation of ceramide biosynthesis

negative regulation of ceramide anabolism

negative regulation of ceramide formation

negative regulation of ceramide synthesis

down-regulation of ceramide biosynthesis

negative regulation of ceramide biosynthesis

negative regulation of ceramide biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a ceramide biosynthetic process. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:15302821]


down-regulation of ceramide biosynthetic process

downregulation of ceramide biosynthetic process

down regulation of ceramide biosynthetic process


inhibition of ceramide biosynthetic process


activation of global transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by calcium-mediated signaling


The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a spliceosomal complex, a ribonucleoprotein apparatus that catalyzes nuclear mRNA splicing via transesterification reactions. [PMID:9476892]


EGF breakdown
EGF catabolism
epidermal growth factor catabolism
epidermal growth factor breakdown

epidermal growth factor catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of epidermal growth factor (EGF), following internalization of the receptor-bound ligand into the signal-receiving cell. Full breakdown of epidermal growth factor results in a ligand that is unable to bind and activate its receptor. [GOC:bf, GOC:signaling, PMID:2985587]


positive regulation of NF-kappaB-inducing kinase activity


DNA bending involving DNA binding
DNA bending activity

The activity of binding selectively and non-covalently to and distorting the original structure of DNA, typically a straight helix, into a bend, or increasing the bend if the original structure was intrinsically bent due to its sequence. [GOC:krc, GOC:vw, PMID:10710711, PMID:19037758]


The process in which the anatomical structures of the chaeta are generated and organized. A chaeta is a sensory multicellular cuticular outgrowth of a specifically differentiated cell. [FBbt:00005177, GOC:bf, GOC:cjm, GOC:dos, GOC:go_curators]


Enables the directed movement of phosphatidylcholine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells. Phosphatidylcholine refers to a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of choline. [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732]


activation of caspase activity by cytochrome c


cysteine-type endopeptidase activator activity involved in apoptotic process

Binds to and increases the rate of proteolysis catalyzed by a cysteine-type endopeptidase involved in the apoptotic process. [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_apoptosis]


positive regulation of gene-specific transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by calcium-mediated signaling


positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter, global by calcium-mediated signaling

upregulation of global transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by calcium-mediated signaling

positive regulation of global transcription from Pol II promoter by calcium-mediated signaling


stimulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by calcium-mediated signaling

positive regulation of transcription from Pol II promoter by calcium-mediated signaling

up regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by calcium-mediated signaling

upregulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by calcium-mediated signaling

up-regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by calcium-mediated signaling

activation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by calcium-mediated signaling

positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by calcium-mediated signaling

Calcium-mediated signaling that results in positive regulation of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter. [GOC:bf, GOC:BHF, GOC:dgf, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:9407035, PMID:9407036]


stimulation of global transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by calcium-mediated signaling


up-regulation of global transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by calcium-mediated signaling

up regulation of global transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by calcium-mediated signaling


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of peroxisome organization. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:7500953]


regulation of peroxisome organization and biogenesis


regulation of peroxisome-assembly ATPase activity


up-regulation of peroxisome organisation

positive regulation of peroxisome organisation

up regulation of peroxisome organisation

up-regulation of peroxisome organization

up regulation of peroxisome organization

positive regulation of peroxisome organization

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of peroxisome organization. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:7500953]


positive regulation of peroxisome organization and biogenesis

upregulation of peroxisome organization and biogenesis

activation of peroxisome organization and biogenesis


upregulation of peroxisome-assembly ATPase activity

positive regulation of peroxisome-assembly ATPase activity

activation of peroxisome-assembly ATPase activity


up-regulation of peroxisome organization and biogenesis

up regulation of peroxisome organization and biogenesis


up-regulation of peroxisome-assembly ATPase activity

up regulation of peroxisome-assembly ATPase activity


regulation of ethanol catabolism
regulation of ethanol degradation
regulation of ethanol breakdown

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ethanol catabolic process. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:10608811, PMID:7760841]


positive regulation of ethanol breakdown

positive regulation of ethanol catabolism

positive regulation of ethanol degradation

positive regulation of ethanol catabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ethanol catabolic process. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:10608811, PMID:7760841]


up-regulation of ethanol catabolic process

up regulation of ethanol catabolic process


upregulation of ethanol catabolic process


regulation of cellular response to basic pH

regulation of cellular response to alkalinity

regulation of cellular response to alkaline pH

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to alkalinity. [GOC:dgf, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:12509465, PMID:17023428]


down-regulation of cellular response to alkalinity

down regulation of cellular response to alkalinity


regulation of cellular response to hyperosmotic salt stress

regulation of cellular hyperosmotic salinity response

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular hyperosmotic salinity response. [GOC:dgf, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:16278455]


down-regulation of cellular response to hyperosmotic salt stress

down regulation of cellular response to hyperosmotic salt stress

downregulation of cellular response to hyperosmotic salt stress

negative regulation of cellular response to hyperosmotic salt stress

negative regulation of cellular hyperosmotic salinity response

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular hyperosmotic salinity response. [GOC:dgf, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:16278455]


down-regulation of cellular hyperosmotic salinity response

down regulation of cellular hyperosmotic salinity response


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sulfite transport. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:10234785, PMID:10870099]


positive regulation of sulphite transport

positive regulation of sulfite transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of sulfite transport. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:10234785, PMID:10870099]


regulation of neuromuscular synaptic transmission

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neuromuscular synaptic transmission. [GOC:kmv, GOC:TermGenie]


negative regulation of neuromuscular synaptic transmission

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuromuscular synaptic transmission. [GOC:kmv, GOC:TermGenie]


down-regulation of neuromuscular synaptic transmission

down regulation of neuromuscular synaptic transmission


downregulation of neuromuscular synaptic transmission


inhibition of neuromuscular synaptic transmission


up-regulation of neuromuscular synaptic transmission

up regulation of neuromuscular synaptic transmission

activation of neuromuscular synaptic transmission

upregulation of neuromuscular synaptic transmission

positive regulation of neuromuscular synaptic transmission

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuromuscular synaptic transmission. [GOC:kmv, GOC:TermGenie]


regulation of cellular response to insulin stimulus

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to insulin stimulus. [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:yaf]


down regulation of cellular response to insulin stimulus

downregulation of cellular response to insulin stimulus

down-regulation of cellular response to insulin stimulus

negative regulation of cellular response to insulin stimulus

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to insulin stimulus. [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:yaf]


upregulation of cellular response to insulin stimulus

up-regulation of cellular response to insulin stimulus

up regulation of cellular response to insulin stimulus

activation of cellular response to insulin stimulus

positive regulation of cellular response to insulin stimulus

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to insulin stimulus. [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:yaf]


regulation of arginine formation
regulation of arginine synthesis
regulation of arginine biosynthesis
regulation of arginine anabolism

regulation of arginine biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of arginine biosynthetic process. [GOC:dgf, GOC:TermGenie]


activation of arginine biosynthetic process


regulation of arginine breakdown
regulation of arginine degradation
regulation of arginine catabolism

regulation of arginine catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of arginine catabolic process. [GOC:dgf, GOC:TermGenie]


down regulation of arginine catabolic process

downregulation of arginine catabolic process

negative regulation of arginine degradation

negative regulation of arginine breakdown

down-regulation of arginine catabolic process

negative regulation of arginine catabolism

negative regulation of arginine catabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of arginine catabolic process. [GOC:dgf, GOC:TermGenie]


inhibition of arginine catabolic process


regulation of tyrosine autophosphorylation

regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation. [GOC:bf, GOC:TermGenie]


regulation of receptor tyrosine kinase autophosphorylation


downregulation of tyrosine autophosphorylation

negative regulation of tyrosine autophosphorylation

down regulation of tyrosine autophosphorylation

down-regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation

downregulation of peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation

down-regulation of tyrosine autophosphorylation

down regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation

negative regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation. [GOC:bf, GOC:TermGenie]


down-regulation of receptor tyrosine kinase autophosphorylation

down regulation of receptor tyrosine kinase autophosphorylation


downregulation of receptor tyrosine kinase autophosphorylation


inhibition of peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation


inhibition of receptor tyrosine kinase autophosphorylation


inhibition of tyrosine autophosphorylation


negative regulation of receptor tyrosine kinase autophosphorylation


upregulation of peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation

up-regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation

up-regulation of tyrosine autophosphorylation

positive regulation of tyrosine autophosphorylation

up regulation of tyrosine autophosphorylation

upregulation of tyrosine autophosphorylation

up regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation

positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation. [GOC:bf, GOC:TermGenie]


activation of peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation


positive regulation of receptor tyrosine kinase autophosphorylation

upregulation of receptor tyrosine kinase autophosphorylation

up-regulation of receptor tyrosine kinase autophosphorylation

up regulation of receptor tyrosine kinase autophosphorylation

activation of receptor tyrosine kinase autophosphorylation


up regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle

up-regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle

upregulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle

positive regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle

Any signalling pathway that increases or activates a cell cycle cyclin-dependent protein kinase to modulate the switch from G1 phase to S phase of the mitotic cell cycle. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle]


activation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle


regulation of vitamin Bh biosynthetic process

regulation of inositol biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of inositol biosynthetic process. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22307851]


regulation of myo-inositol biosynthetic process


negative regulation of vitamin Bh biosynthesis

negative regulation of inositol formation

negative regulation of inositol anabolism

down regulation of vitamin Bh biosynthetic process

inhibition of vitamin Bh biosynthetic process

down regulation of inositol biosynthetic process

negative regulation of vitamin Bh biosynthetic process

down regulation of inositol biosynthesis

negative regulation of inositol synthesis

down-regulation of inositol biosynthetic process

downregulation of vitamin Bh biosynthetic process

down-regulation of vitamin Bh biosynthesis

negative regulation of inositol biosynthesis

down-regulation of inositol biosynthesis

downregulation of vitamin Bh biosynthesis

down-regulation of vitamin Bh biosynthetic process

downregulation of inositol biosynthetic process

down regulation of vitamin Bh biosynthesis

negative regulation of inositol biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of inositol biosynthetic process. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22307851]


down-regulation of myo-inositol biosynthesis

down regulation of myo-inositol biosynthesis


down-regulation of myo-inositol biosynthetic process

down regulation of myo-inositol biosynthetic process


downregulation of myo-inositol biosynthesis


downregulation of myo-inositol biosynthetic process


inhibition of inositol biosynthetic process


inhibition of myo-inositol biosynthetic process


negative regulation of myo-inositol biosynthesis


negative regulation of myo-inositol biosynthetic process


up regulation of vitamin Bh biosynthesis

upregulation of vitamin Bh biosynthetic process

positive regulation of inositol biosynthesis

up regulation of vitamin Bh biosynthetic process

positive regulation of inositol synthesis

up-regulation of vitamin Bh biosynthesis

up-regulation of inositol biosynthetic process

positive regulation of vitamin Bh biosynthesis

positive regulation of vitamin Bh biosynthetic process

up-regulation of vitamin Bh biosynthetic process

positive regulation of inositol anabolism

positive regulation of inositol formation

upregulation of inositol biosynthetic process

activation of vitamin Bh biosynthetic process

up regulation of inositol biosynthetic process

positive regulation of inositol biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of inositol biosynthetic process. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22307851]


activation of inositol biosynthetic process


activation of myo-inositol biosynthetic process


positive regulation of myo-inositol biosynthesis


positive regulation of myo-inositol biosynthetic process


up-regulation of myo-inositol biosynthesis

up regulation of myo-inositol biosynthesis


up-regulation of myo-inositol biosynthetic process

up regulation of myo-inositol biosynthetic process


upregulation of myo-inositol biosynthetic process

upregulation of myo-inositol biosynthesis


regulation of raffinose biosynthesis
regulation of raffinose formation
regulation of raffinose anabolism
regulation of raffinose synthesis

regulation of raffinose biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of raffinose biosynthetic process. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22307851]


negative regulation of raffinose formation

downregulation of raffinose biosynthetic process

down regulation of raffinose biosynthetic process

negative regulation of raffinose anabolism

down-regulation of raffinose biosynthetic process

negative regulation of raffinose biosynthesis

negative regulation of raffinose synthesis

down-regulation of raffinose biosynthesis

down regulation of raffinose biosynthesis

downregulation of raffinose biosynthesis

negative regulation of raffinose biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of raffinose biosynthetic process. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22307851]


inhibition of raffinose biosynthetic process


positive regulation of raffinose synthesis

up-regulation of raffinose biosynthetic process

positive regulation of raffinose anabolism

upregulation of raffinose biosynthetic process

positive regulation of raffinose biosynthesis

positive regulation of raffinose formation

up regulation of raffinose biosynthetic process

positive regulation of raffinose biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of raffinose biosynthetic process. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22307851]


activation of raffinose biosynthetic process


regulation of dosage compensation by inactivation of X chromosome

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of dosage compensation, by inactivation of X chromosome. [GOC:mr, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:20622855, Wikipedia:XY_sex-determination_system]


down-regulation of Barr body formation
downregulation of Barr body formation


downregulation of chromosome inactivation

down-regulation of chromosome inactivation

down regulation of chromosome inactivation


negative regulation of Barr body formation


negative regulation of chromosome inactivation


up regulation of X chromosome inactivation

upregulation of dosage compensation, by inactivation of X chromosome

positive regulation of X chromosome inactivation

up-regulation of dosage compensation, by inactivation of X chromosome

upregulation of X chromosome inactivation

up-regulation of X chromosome inactivation

up regulation of dosage compensation, by inactivation of X chromosome

positive regulation of dosage compensation by inactivation of X chromosome

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of dosage compensation, by inactivation of X chromosome. [GOC:TermGenie]


activation of dosage compensation, by inactivation of X chromosome


up-regulation of Barr body formation
upregulation of Barr body formation
up regulation of Barr body formation

positive regulation of Barr body formation


up-regulation of chromosome inactivation

up regulation of chromosome inactivation

positive regulation of chromosome inactivation


regulation of plasma cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of plasma cell differentiation. [GOC:TermGenie]


downregulation of plasma cell development

down-regulation of plasma cell development

down regulation of plasma cell development


down-regulation of plasma cell differentiation

down regulation of plasma cell differentiation

downregulation of plasma cell differentiation

negative regulation of plasma cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of plasma cell differentiation. [GOC:TermGenie]


activation of plasma cell differentiation


upregulation of plasma cell differentiation

up-regulation of plasma cell differentiation

up regulation of plasma cell differentiation

positive regulation of plasma cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of plasma cell differentiation. [GOC:TermGenie]


up-regulation of plasma cell development

up regulation of plasma cell development


regulation of ER unfolded protein response

regulation of endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response. [GOC:TermGenie]


down regulation of ER unfolded protein response

downregulation of endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response

inhibition of ER unfolded protein response

negative regulation of ER unfolded protein response

down-regulation of endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response

down-regulation of ER unfolded protein response

downregulation of ER unfolded protein response

down regulation of endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response

negative regulation of endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response. [GOC:TermGenie]


down-regulation of SREBP-mediated signalling pathway

down regulation of SREBP-mediated signalling pathway


downregulation of SREBP-mediated signalling pathway


inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response


inhibition of SREBP-mediated signalling pathway


activation of SREBP-mediated signalling pathway


up-regulation of SREBP-mediated signalling pathway

up regulation of SREBP-mediated signalling pathway


upregulation of SREBP-mediated signalling pathway


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hyaluranon cable assembly. [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:yaf]


downregulation of hyaluranon cable assembly

down regulation of hyaluranon cable assembly

negative regulation of HA cable assembly

down-regulation of hyaluranon cable assembly

negative regulation of hyaluranon cable assembly

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hyaluranon cable assembly. [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:yaf]


positive regulation of HA cable assembly

upregulation of hyaluranon cable assembly

up regulation of hyaluranon cable assembly

up-regulation of hyaluranon cable assembly

positive regulation of hyaluranon cable assembly

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hyaluranon cable assembly. [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:yaf]


regulation of nodal signaling
regulation of nodal signalling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of nodal signaling pathway. [GOC:BHF, GOC:TermGenie, GOC:vk]


downregulation of nodal signaling pathway

down regulation of nodal signaling pathway

negative regulation of nodal signalling pathway

down-regulation of nodal signaling pathway

negative regulation of nodal signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of nodal signaling pathway. [GOC:BHF, GOC:TermGenie, GOC:vk]


regulation of histone lysine H3 K9 dimethylation

regulation of histone H3 K9 dimethylation

regulation of histone H3-K9 dimethylation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of histone H3-K9 dimethylation. [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:vw]


downregulation of histone H3 K9 dimethylation

down-regulation of histone H3 K9 dimethylation

down regulation of histone lysine H3 K9 dimethylation

down regulation of histone H3-K9 dimethylation

negative regulation of histone H3 K9 dimethylation

down-regulation of histone H3-K9 dimethylation

negative regulation of histone lysine H3 K9 dimethylation

down regulation of histone H3 K9 dimethylation

downregulation of histone H3-K9 dimethylation

downregulation of histone lysine H3 K9 dimethylation

down-regulation of histone lysine H3 K9 dimethylation

negative regulation of histone H3-K9 dimethylation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of histone H3-K9 dimethylation. [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:vw]


inhibition of histone H3-K9 dimethylation

inhibition of histone H3 K9 dimethylation


inhibition of histone lysine H3 K9 dimethylation


up regulation of histone lysine H3 K9 dimethylation

up-regulation of histone lysine H3 K9 dimethylation

up-regulation of histone H3-K9 dimethylation

up regulation of histone H3-K9 dimethylation

upregulation of histone H3-K9 dimethylation

up-regulation of histone H3 K9 dimethylation

upregulation of histone H3 K9 dimethylation

up regulation of histone H3 K9 dimethylation

positive regulation of histone H3 K9 dimethylation

positive regulation of histone lysine H3 K9 dimethylation

upregulation of histone lysine H3 K9 dimethylation

positive regulation of histone H3-K9 dimethylation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of histone H3-K9 dimethylation. [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:vw]


activation of histone H3-K9 dimethylation

activation of histone H3 K9 dimethylation


activation of histone lysine H3 K9 dimethylation


regulation of histone H3-K9 trimethylation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of histone H3-K9 trimethylation. [GOC:TermGenie]


down-regulation of histone H3-K9 trimethylation

down regulation of histone H3-K9 trimethylation

downregulation of histone H3-K9 trimethylation

negative regulation of histone H3-K9 trimethylation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of histone H3-K9 trimethylation. [GOC:TermGenie]


inhibition of histone H3-K9 trimethylation


up-regulation of histone H3-K9 trimethylation

up regulation of histone H3-K9 trimethylation

upregulation of histone H3-K9 trimethylation

activation of histone H3-K9 trimethylation

positive regulation of histone H3-K9 trimethylation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of histone H3-K9 trimethylation. [GOC:TermGenie]


regulation of signalling pathway in extracellular region

regulation of signaling pathway in extracellular region

extracellular regulation of signal transduction

Any regulation of signal transduction that takes place in the extracellular region. [GOC:signaling, GOC:TermGenie]


negative regulation of signalling pathway in extracellular region

downregulation of signal transduction in extracellular region

negative regulation of signaling pathway in extracellular region

down regulation of signal transduction in extracellular region

down-regulation of signal transduction in extracellular region

extracellular negative regulation of signal transduction

Any negative regulation of signal transduction that takes place in extracellular region. [GOC:signaling, GOC:TermGenie]


extracellular inhibition of signaling pathway


inhibition of signal transduction in extracellular region


regulation of execution phase of apoptosis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of execution phase of apoptosis. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:TermGenie]


down-regulation of execution phase of apoptosis

down regulation of execution phase of apoptosis

downregulation of execution phase of apoptosis

negative regulation of execution phase of apoptosis

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of execution phase of apoptosis. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:TermGenie]


up-regulation of execution phase of apoptosis

up regulation of execution phase of apoptosis

upregulation of execution phase of apoptosis

activation of execution phase of apoptosis

positive regulation of execution phase of apoptosis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of execution phase of apoptosis. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:TermGenie]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a protein or other molecule binding to a receptor. [GOC:signaling, GOC:TermGenie]


down regulation of receptor-associated protein activity


regulation of ActRIIB.ALK4.EGF-CFC complex formation

regulation of nodal receptor complex formation

regulation of nodal receptor complex assembly

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of nodal receptor complex assembly. [GOC:signaling, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:15062104]


down regulation of nodal receptor complex assembly

down-regulation of ActRIIB.ALK4.EGF-CFC complex formation

negative regulation of nodal receptor complex formation

downregulation of ActRIIB.ALK4.EGF-CFC complex formation

down regulation of nodal receptor complex formation

downregulation of nodal receptor complex formation

downregulation of nodal receptor complex assembly

negative regulation of ActRIIB.ALK4.EGF-CFC complex formation

down regulation of ActRIIB.ALK4.EGF-CFC complex formation

down-regulation of nodal receptor complex assembly

down-regulation of nodal receptor complex formation

negative regulation of nodal receptor complex assembly

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of nodal receptor complex assembly. [GOC:signaling, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:15062104]


regulation of hyaluronan synthesis
regulation of hyaluronan biosynthesis
regulation of hyaluronan anabolism
regulation of hyaluronan formation

regulation of hyaluronan biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hyaluronan biosynthetic process. [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:yaf]


downregulation of hyaluronan biosynthetic process

downregulation of hyaluronan biosynthesis

down regulation of hyaluronan biosynthetic process

negative regulation of hyaluronan biosynthesis

negative regulation of hyaluronan synthesis

negative regulation of hyaluronan anabolism

down regulation of hyaluronan biosynthesis

down-regulation of hyaluronan biosynthetic process

negative regulation of hyaluronan formation

down-regulation of hyaluronan biosynthesis

negative regulation of hyaluronan biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hyaluronan biosynthetic process. [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:yaf]


inhibition of hyaluronan biosynthetic process


up-regulation of hyaluronan biosynthesis

up-regulation of hyaluronan biosynthetic process

positive regulation of hyaluronan anabolism

positive regulation of hyaluronan formation

positive regulation of hyaluronan biosynthesis

up regulation of hyaluronan biosynthetic process

upregulation of hyaluronan biosynthetic process

up regulation of hyaluronan biosynthesis

positive regulation of hyaluronan synthesis

positive regulation of hyaluronan biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hyaluronan biosynthetic process. [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:yaf]


activation of hyaluronan biosynthetic process


regulation of G protein activated inward rectifier potassium channel activity

regulation of G protein enhanced inward rectifier potassium channel activity

regulation of G-protein enhanced inward rectifier potassium channel activity

regulation of G-protein-enhanced inward rectifier potassium channel activity

regulation of G-protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel activity

regulation of G-protein activated inward rectifier potassium channel activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of G-protein activated inward rectifier potassium channel activity. [GOC:TermGenie]