negative regulation of toll-like receptor 5 signalling pathway

negative regulation of TLR5 signaling pathway

negative regulation of toll-like receptor 5 signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 5 signaling pathway. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]


positive regulation of TLR5 signaling pathway

positive regulation of toll-like receptor 5 signalling pathway

positive regulation of toll-like receptor 5 signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 5 signaling pathway. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]


TLR6 signaling pathway
toll-like receptor 6 signalling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to toll-like receptor 6. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]


regulation of toll-like receptor 6 signalling pathway

regulation of toll-like receptor 6 signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 6 signaling pathway. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]


negative regulation of TLR6 signaling pathway

negative regulation of toll-like receptor 6 signalling pathway

negative regulation of toll-like receptor 6 signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 6 signaling pathway. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]


positive regulation of TLR6 signaling pathway

positive regulation of toll-like receptor 6 signalling pathway

positive regulation of toll-like receptor 6 signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 6 signaling pathway. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]


toll-like receptor 7 signalling pathway
TLR7 signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to toll-like receptor 7. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]


regulation of toll-like receptor 7 signalling pathway

regulation of toll-like receptor 7 signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 7 signaling pathway. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]


negative regulation of TLR7 signaling pathway

negative regulation of toll-like receptor 7 signalling pathway

negative regulation of toll-like receptor 7 signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 7 signaling pathway. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]


positive regulation of TLR7 signaling pathway

positive regulation of toll-like receptor 7 signalling pathway

positive regulation of toll-like receptor 7 signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 7 signaling pathway. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]


TLR8 signaling pathway
toll-like receptor 8 signalling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to toll-like receptor 8. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]


regulation of toll-like receptor 8 signalling pathway

regulation of toll-like receptor 8 signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 8 signaling pathway. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]


negative regulation of TLR8 signaling pathway

negative regulation of toll-like receptor 8 signalling pathway

negative regulation of toll-like receptor 8 signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 8 signaling pathway. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]


positive regulation of TLR8 signaling pathway

positive regulation of toll-like receptor 8 signalling pathway

positive regulation of toll-like receptor 8 signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 8 signaling pathway. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]


TLR9 signaling pathway
toll-like receptor 9 signalling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to toll-like receptor 9. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]


regulation of toll-like receptor 9 signalling pathway

regulation of toll-like receptor 9 signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 9 signaling pathway. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]


negative regulation of toll-like receptor 9 signalling pathway

negative regulation of TLR9 signaling pathway

negative regulation of toll-like receptor 9 signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 9 signaling pathway. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]


positive regulation of TLR9 signaling pathway

positive regulation of toll-like receptor 9 signalling pathway

positive regulation of toll-like receptor 9 signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 9 signaling pathway. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]


toll-like receptor 10 signalling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to toll-like receptor 10. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]


regulation of toll-like receptor 10 signalling pathway

regulation of toll-like receptor 10 signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 10 signaling pathway. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]


negative regulation of TLR10 signaling pathway

negative regulation of toll-like receptor 10 signalling pathway

negative regulation of toll-like receptor 10 signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 10 signaling pathway. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]


positive regulation of TLR10 signaling pathway

positive regulation of toll-like receptor 10 signalling pathway

positive regulation of toll-like receptor 10 signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 10 signaling pathway. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]


toll-like receptor 11 signalling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to toll-like receptor 11. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]


regulation of toll-like receptor 11 signalling pathway

regulation of toll-like receptor 11 signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 11 signaling pathway. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]


negative regulation of toll-like receptor 11 signalling pathway

negative regulation of TLR11 signaling pathway

negative regulation of toll-like receptor 11 signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 11 signaling pathway. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]


positive regulation of TLR11 signaling pathway

positive regulation of toll-like receptor 11 signalling pathway

positive regulation of toll-like receptor 11 signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 11 signaling pathway. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]


toll-like receptor 12 signalling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to toll-like receptor 12. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]


regulation of toll-like receptor 12 signalling pathway

regulation of toll-like receptor 12 signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 12 signaling pathway. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]


negative regulation of TLR12 signaling pathway

negative regulation of toll-like receptor 12 signalling pathway

negative regulation of toll-like receptor 12 signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 12 signaling pathway. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]


positive regulation of TLR12 signaling pathway

positive regulation of toll-like receptor 12 signalling pathway

positive regulation of toll-like receptor 12 signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 12 signaling pathway. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]


toll-like receptor 13 signalling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to toll-like receptor 13. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]


regulation of toll-like receptor 13 signalling pathway

regulation of toll-like receptor 13 signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 13 signaling pathway. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]


negative regulation of toll-like receptor 13 signalling pathway

negative regulation of TLR13 signaling pathway

negative regulation of toll-like receptor 13 signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 13 signaling pathway. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]


positive regulation of TLR13 signaling pathway

positive regulation of toll-like receptor 13 signalling pathway

positive regulation of toll-like receptor 13 signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 13 signaling pathway. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]


regulation of maintenance of mitotic sister chromatid cohesion

Any process that modulates the extent to which the association between sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome is maintained during a mitotic cell cycle. [GOC:mah, GOC:vw]


negative regulation of maintenance of mitotic sister chromatid cohesion

Any process that decreases the extent to which the association between sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome is maintained during a mitotic cell cycle. [GOC:mah, GOC:vw]


positive regulation of maintenance of mitotic sister chromatid cohesion

Any process that increases the extent to which the association between sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome is maintained during a mitotic cell cycle. [GOC:mah, GOC:vw]


Binding to an apolipoprotein, the protein component of a lipoprotein complex. [GOC:BHF, GOC:rl]


Binding to apolipoprotein A-I. [GOC:BHF, GOC:rl]


Combining with an apolipoprotein A-I receptor ligand and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. [GOC:bf, GOC:BHF, GOC:rl, GOC:signaling, PMID:16443932]


VLDL binding
very-low-density lipoprotein binding

very-low-density lipoprotein particle binding

Binding to a very-low-density lipoprotein particle, a triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle that is typically composed of APOB100, APOE and APOCs and has a density of about 1.006 g/ml and a diameter of between 20-80 nm. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


Binding to an apolipoprotein receptor. [GOC:BHF, GOC:rl]


Binding to an apolipoprotein A-I receptor. [GOC:BHF, GOC:rl]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-galactonate, the anion of D-galactonic acid. [GOC:mah]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving L-galactonate, the anion of L-galactonic acid. [GOC:mah]


D-galactonate breakdown
D-galactonate catabolism
D-galactonate degradation

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-galactonate, the anion of D-galactonic acid. [GOC:ai, GOC:mah]


L-galactonate catabolism
L-galactonate breakdown
L-galactonate degradation

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-galactonate, the anion of L-galactonic acid. [GOC:ai, GOC:mah]


The directed movement of an acylglycerol into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. An acylglycerol is any mono-, di- or triester of glycerol with (one or more) fatty acids. [GOC:BHF, GOC:rl]


The directed movement of triglyceride into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Triglycerides are important components of plant oils, animal fats and animal plasma lipoproteins. [GOC:BHF, GOC:rl]


cellular response to amino acid starvation

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of amino acids. [GOC:ecd]


Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme protein kinase A. [GOC:pde]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an oleic acid stimulus. [GOC:lp]


flippase activity (exoplasmic to cytosolic leaftlet)

Catalysis of the movement of lipids from the exoplasmic to the cytosolic leaftlet of a membrane, using energy from the hydrolysis of ATP. [PMID:20043909, PMID:25284293, Wikipedia:Flippase]


The translocation, or flipping, of glycolipid molecules from one monolayer of a membrane bilayer to the opposite monolayer. [GOC:go_curators, PMID:11807558]


The translocation, or flipping, of lipid molecules from one monolayer of a membrane bilayer to the opposite monolayer. [GOC:mah]


beta-amyloid polypeptide formation from amyloid precursor protein

beta-amyloid polypeptide formation from APP

The generation of amyloid-beta by cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP). [GOC:mah]


A protein-DNA complex formed by the association of a distinct set of general and specific transcription factors with a region of enhancer DNA. The cooperative assembly of an enhanceosome confers specificity of transcriptional regulation. [PMID:11250145, PMID:17574024]


The addition of an acetyl group to a steroid molecule. An acetyl group is CH3CO-, derived from acetic [ethanoic] acid. [GOC:mah]


The removal of an acetyl group from a steroid molecule. An acetyl group is CH3CO-, derived from acetic [ethanoic] acid. [GOC:mah]


The addition of an acetyl group to a sterol molecule. An acetyl group is CH3CO-, derived from acetic [ethanoic] acid. [GOC:rb, PMID:18034159]


The removal of an acetyl group from a sterol molecule. An acetyl group is CH3CO-, derived from acetic [ethanoic] acid. [GOC:rb, PMID:18034159]


GTP dependent catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein serine/threonine = ADP + protein serine/threonine phosphate. [GOC:ecd, PMID:17200152]


Catalysis of the acetylation of an amino acid residue of a peptide or protein, according to the reaction: acetyl-CoA + peptide = CoA + N-acetylpeptide. [GOC:mah]


quinolinate catabolism
quinolinate degradation
quinolinate breakdown

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of quinolinate, the anion of quinolinic acid, also known as 2,3-pyridinedicarboxylic acid. [GOC:mah]


protein hexamer biosynthetic process
protein hexamer formation
protein hexamer assembly
protein hexamer biosynthesis

The formation of a protein hexamer, a macromolecular structure consisting of six noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits. [GOC:ecd]


thiamin:proton symporter activity
thiamin:hydrogen symporter activity
thiamine:hydrogen symporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: thiamine(out) + H+(out) = thiamine(in) + H+(in). [GOC:mah]


high-affinity thiamin:proton symporter activity

high affinity thiamin:hydrogen symporter activity

high-affinity thiamine:hydrogen symporter activity

high-affinity thiamin:hydrogen symporter activity

high-affinity thiamine:proton symporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: thiamine(out) + H+(out) = thiamine(in) + H+(in). In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations. [GOC:mah]


ascospore wall chitin synthesis
ascospore wall chitin anabolism
ascospore wall chitin formation
ascospore wall chitin biosynthesis

ascospore wall chitin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ascospore wall chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of P-1,4-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues, found in the walls of ascospores. [GOC:mah, GOC:vw]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving ascospore wall chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of P-1,4-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues, found in the walls of ascospores. [GOC:mah, GOC:vw]


carbohydrate membrane transport
transmembrane carbohydrate transport

The process in which a carbohydrate is transported across a membrane. [GOC:mah]


ion membrane transport
transmembrane ion transport

A process in which an ion is transported across a membrane. [GOC:mah]


fungal-type cell wall chitin biosynthesis

fungal-type cell wall chitin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cell wall chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of P-1,4-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues, found in the walls of fungal cells. [GOC:mah]


regulation of cell wall chitin metabolism

regulation of cell wall chitin metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin in a cell wall. [GOC:mah]


regulation of ascospore wall chitin formation

regulation of ascospore wall chitin biosynthesis

regulation of ascospore wall chitin anabolism

regulation of ascospore wall chitin synthesis

regulation of ascospore wall chitin biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ascospore wall chitin. [GOC:mah]


cellular response to zinc ion limitation

cellular response to zinc ion starvation

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of zinc ions. [GOC:mah]


The addition a sulfur atom to a nucleotide in a tRNA molecule. [GOC:mcc, PMID:12549933, PMID:14722066]


monoethanolamine transmembrane transporter activity

2-aminoethanol transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of ethanolamine from one side of a membrane to the other. Ethanolamine (2-aminoethanol, monoethanolamine) is an amino alcohol that occurs widely in living organisms as a constituent of certain types of phospholipids, such as phosphatidylethanolamine. [GOC:rn, PMID:3514579]


monoethanolamine transport
2-aminoethanol transport

The directed movement of ethanolamine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Ethanolamine (2-aminoethanol, monoethanolamine) is an amino alcohol that occurs widely in living organisms as a constituent of certain types of phospholipids, such as phosphatidylethanolamine. [GOC:rn, PMID:3514579]


enkephalin formation
peptide enkephalin formation
peptide enkephalin processing

The formation of mature enkephalin, a pentapeptide hormone involved in regulating pain and nociception in the body by proteolytic processing of enkephalin propeptide. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, GOC:rl, PMID:8262946]


IAPP processing
islet amyloid peptide formation
IAPP formation
islet amyloid peptide processing

The formation of mature islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) by posttranslational processing of pro-islet amyloid polypeptide (pro-IAPP). [GOC:BHF, GOC:rl, PMID:15983213, PMID:8262946]


ascospore wall chitin catabolism
ascospore wall chitin breakdown
ascospore wall chitin degradation

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ascospore wall chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of P-1,4-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues, found in the walls of ascospores. [GOC:mah]


regulation of cell wall chitin catabolism

regulation of cell wall chitin degradation

regulation of cell wall chitin breakdown

regulation of cell wall chitin catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cell wall chitin. [GOC:mah]


regulation of ascospore wall chitin breakdown

regulation of ascospore wall chitin degradation

regulation of ascospore wall chitin catabolism

regulation of ascospore wall chitin catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ascospore wall chitin. [GOC:mah]


protein kinase A catalytic subunit binding

Binding to one or both of the catalytic subunits of protein kinase A. [GOC:mah]


protein kinase A regulatory subunit binding

Binding to one or both of the regulatory subunits of protein kinase A. [GOC:mah]


The binding and fusion of a macrophage to one or more other cells to form a multinucleated cell. [GOC:sl]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage fusion. [GOC:mah]


negative regulation of macrophage fusion

Any process that stops, prevents, or decreases the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage fusion. [GOC:mah]


positive regulation of macrophage fusion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage fusion. [GOC:mah]


negative regulation of syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusion

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the formation of a syncytium, a mass of cytoplasm containing several nuclei enclosed within a single plasma membrane, by the fusion of the plasma membranes of two or more individual cells. [GOC:mah]


regulation of RNA elongation from RNA polymerase II promoter

regulation of transcription elongation from RNA polymerase II promoter

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription elongation, the extension of an RNA molecule after transcription initiation and promoter clearance by the addition of ribonucleotides, catalyzed by RNA polymerase II. [GOC:mah, GOC:txnOH]


negative regulation of RNA elongation from RNA polymerase II promoter

negative regulation of transcription elongation from RNA polymerase II promoter

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription elongation, the extension of an RNA molecule after transcription initiation and promoter clearance by the addition of ribonucleotides, catalyzed by RNA polymerase II. [GOC:mah, GOC:txnOH]


mitochondrial RNA polymerase holoenzyme complex location

mitochondrial DNA-directed RNA polymerase complex location

A DNA-directed RNA polymerase complex located in the mitochondrion. Mitochondrial RNA polymerase is composed of two subunits, a catalytic core, which resembles the enzymes from bacteriophage T7 and T3, and a specificity factor required for promoter recognition, which is similar to members of the eubacterial sigma factor family. In S. cerevisiae, these are encoded by the nuclear genes RPO41 and MTF1 and the specificity factor, required for promoter recognition and initiation, is not present in the elongating form. [GOC:krc, GOC:mah, PMID:7929382]


mitochondrial RNA polymerase complex location


mitochondrial sequence-specific DNA-binding transcription factor activity

mitochondrial sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity

mitochondrial transcription initiation factor activity

mitochondrial RNA polymerase core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity

mitochondrial polymerase transcription factor activity

transcription factor activity, mitochondrial RNA polymerase core promoter proximal region sequence-specific binding

mitochondrial RNA polymerase core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity

sequence-specific DNA binding mitochondrial RNA polymerase transcription factor activity

transcription factor activity, mitochondrial proximal promoter sequence-specific binding

transcription factor activity, mitochondrial RNA polymerase core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding

mitochondrial RNA polymerase transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding

mitochondrial RNA polymerase binding promoter specificity activity

mitochondrial transcription factor activity

Interacting with the mitochondrial promoter DNA to modulate transcription by the mitochondrial RNA polymerase. [GOC:txnOH-2018, PMID:18391175]


The process of removing sections of a primary snoRNA transcript to remove sequences not present in the mature form of the snoRNA and joining the remaining sections to form the mature form of the snoRNA. [GOC:mah]


regulation of cellular amide metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amides. [GOC:mah]


negative regulation of cellular amide metabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amides. [GOC:mah]


positive regulation of cellular amide metabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amides. [GOC:mah]


regulation of amide degradation
regulation of amide catabolism
regulation of amide breakdown

regulation of cellular amide catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of amides. [GOC:mah]


negative regulation of amide catabolism
negative regulation of amide breakdown

negative regulation of cellular amide catabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of amides. [GOC:mah]


negative regulation of amide degradation


positive regulation of amide catabolism
positive regulation of amide breakdown

positive regulation of cellular amide catabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of amides. [GOC:mah]


positive regulation of amide degradation


regulation of urea catabolism
regulation of urea degradation
regulation of urea breakdown

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of urea. [GOC:mah]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving urea. [GOC:mah]


chlorophyllide b reductase activity
Chl b reductase activity
chlorophyll b reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 71-hydroxychlorophyll(ide) a + NAD(P)+ = chlorophyll(ide) b + NAD(P)H + H+. [EC:1.1.1.294, MetaCyc:RXN-7678]


The directed movement of a nicotinamide riboside, which is a pyridine-3-carboxamide covalently bonded to a ribose sugar, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:se]


negative regulation of Rho GTPase activity


negative regulation of guanosinetriphosphatase activity

Any process that stops or reduces the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:mah, GOC:rb, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:16143306, PMID:24335649]


negative regulation of Ras GTPase activity


autophagy in response to endoplasmic reticulum overload

positive regulation of autophagy in response to ER overload

The process in which the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum triggers a response that positively regulates autophagy. [GOC:mah]


isopentenyl adenine metabolism
isopentenyladenine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving the cytokinin 6-isopentenyladenine. [GOC:mah, PMID:18216168]


isopentenyl adenine formation
isopentenyl adenine anabolism
isopentenyl adenine biosynthesis
isopentenyl adenine synthesis
isopentenyladenine biosynthetic process

isopentenyl adenine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the cytokinin 6-isopentenyladenine. [GOC:mah, PMID:18216168]


isopentenyladenine catabolic process
isopentenyl adenine catabolism
isopentenyl adenine breakdown
isopentenyl adenine degradation

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the cytokinin 6-isopentenyladenine. [GOC:mah, PMID:18216168]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving discadenine, (2S)-2-amino-4-{6-[(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)amino]-3H-purin-3-yl}butanoic acid. [GOC:mah]


discadenine synthesis
discadenine anabolism
discadenine formation
discadenine biosynthesis

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of discadenine, (2S)-2-amino-4-{6-[(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)amino]-3H-purin-3-yl}butanoic acid. [GOC:mah]


discadenine catabolism
discadenine degradation
discadenine breakdown

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of discadenine, (2S)-2-amino-4-{6-[(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)amino]-3H-purin-3-yl}butanoic acid. [GOC:mah]


cytoplasm to vacuole targeting complex location

cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting complex location

A protein complex that is involved in the Cvt pathway. In budding yeast, the Cvt complex consists of multimers of preApe1p. [GOC:rb, PMID:15659643]


phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex I location


phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex II location


A protein complex required for the expansion of the autophagosomal membrane. In budding yeast, this complex consists of Atg12p, Atg5p and Atg16p. [GOC:rb, PMID:17986448]


4-hydroxyquinoline-2-carboxylic acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving kynurenic acid, 4-hydroxyquinoline-2-carboxylic acid. [GOC:mah]


4-hydroxyquinoline-2-carboxylic acid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of kynurenic acid, 4-hydroxyquinoline-2-carboxylic acid. [GOC:mah]


ent-copalyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase (ent-cassa-12,15-diene-forming) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ent-copalyl diphosphate = ent-cassa-12,15-diene + diphosphate. [EC:4.2.3.28, RHEA:25532]


9alpha-copalyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase (stemar-13-ene-forming) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 9-alpha-copalyl diphosphate = stemar-13-ene + diphosphate. [RHEA:25552]


9alpha-copalyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase (9beta-pimara-7,15-diene-forming) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 9-alpha-copalyl diphosphate = 9-beta-pimara-7,15-diene + diphosphate. [RHEA:25560]


ent-copalyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase [ent-sandaracopimara-8(14),15-diene-forming] activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ent-copalyl diphosphate = ent-sandaracopimara-8(14),15-diene + diphosphate. [RHEA:25536]


Catalysis of the reaction: ent-copalyl diphosphate = ent-isokaurene + diphosphate. [PMID:17141283]


ent-copalyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase [ent-pimara-8(14),15-diene-forming] activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ent-copalyl diphosphate = ent-pimara-8(14),15-diene + diphosphate. [RHEA:25540]


9alpha-copalyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase [stemod-13(17)-ene-forming] activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 9-alpha-copalyl diphosphate = stemod-13(17)-ene + diphosphate. [RHEA:25556]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a monosaccharide stimulus. [GOC:mah]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disaccharide stimulus. [GOC:sart]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a maltose stimulus. [GOC:sart]


The series of events in which a stimulus from a monosaccharide is received and converted into a molecular signal. [GOC:mah]


The series of events in which a stimulus from a disaccharide is received and converted into a molecular signal. [GOC:sart]


The series of events in which a maltose stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. [GOC:sart]


A compound function consisting of the regulated formation of a pore via oligomerisation of an existing pool of subunits in the plasma membrane. The resulting channel activity directly allows release of a fully-folded phage-encoded endolysin (murein-degradase) from the cell. [GOC:jh2, GOC:mah, PMID:1406491, PMID:25157079]


A compound function consisting of the regulated formation of a pore via oligomerisation of an existing pool of subunits in the plasma membrane. The resulting ion channel activity indirectly allows endolysin (murein hydrolyases) to access their cell wall substrate by collapsing the proton motive force (PMF) across the membrane, allowing the endolysin to fold to an active form and hydrolyze bonds in the peptidoglycan cell wall. [GOC:jh2, GOC:mah, PMID:1406491, PMID:25157079]


meiotic sporulation
meiotic spore formation
sexual spore formation

The formation of spores derived from the products of meiosis. [GOC:mah]


The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a sexual spore wall, the specialized envelope lying outside the cell membrane of a spore derived from a product of meiosis. [GOC:mah]


The process in which spores form outside a specialized end cell known as a basidium. Basidia are characteristic of the basidiomycete fungi (phylum Basidiomycota), and give rise to spores that each contain a haploid nucleus that is the product of meiosis. The spores are usually attached to the basidium by short spikes called sterigmata (singular: sterigma). In most basidiomycetes there are four sterigmata (and four spores) to a basidium. [GOC:di, GOC:ds, GOC:mah, GOC:mcc, http://www.gsbs.utmb.edu/microbook/ch073.htm, http://www.ilmyco.gen.chicago.il.us/Terms/basid133.html]


The process in which zygospores are formed. Zygospores are characteristic of the zygomycete fungi (phylum Zygomycota) thick-walled and darkly colored, and usually heavily ornamented as well, with many spines or ridges. It is formed between two specialized organs called suspensors, which are themselves usually heavily ornamented, one from each mating partner. The zygospore forms between them and then breaks away. [GOC:ds, GOC:mah, http://www.ilmyco.gen.chicago.il.us/Terms/zygos581.html]


The process in which oidia, a type of asexual spore found in fungi, are formed. Oidia are borne a few at a time on very simple hyphae that protrude a short distance into the substrate, and are usually presumed not to constitute the main reproductive strategy of the fungus. [GOC:mah, http://www.ilmyco.gen.chicago.il.us/Terms/oidiu163.html]


The formation of conidia by the conversion of a pre-existing hypha. An arthrospore is produced by the last cell on a hypha breaking off and dispersing. Usually the walls thicken and the cell(s) separates before swelling of each spore. Sometimes further septa form in each cell prior to disarticulation. [GOC:mah]


The formation of a spore following the marked enlargement of part of a cell before separation by a septum. Blastospores are a type of asexual spore found in some fungi, most notably the class Glomeromycota. [GOC:mah, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blastospore]


The process in which sporangiospores, a type of asexual spore found in fungi, are formed. Sporangiospores are formed within sac-like structure, the sporangium, following the division of the cytoplasm. [GOC:ds, GOC:mah, http://bugs.bio.usyd.edu.au/Mycology/Glossary/glossary_n_z.shtml]


The process in which a cell gives rise to an endospore, a dormant, highly resistant spore with a thick wall that forms within the mother cell. Endospores are produced by some low G+C Gram-positive bacteria in response to harsh conditions. [GOC:ds, GOC:mah, ISBN:0470090278]


The process in which an akinete, a thick-walled (encysted) dormant cell derived from the enlargement of a vegetative cell, is formed. Akinetes typically have granular cytoplasm, are more resistant to environmental extremes than vegetative cells, and are characteristic of several groups of Cyanobacteria. [GOC:ds, GOC:mah, http://www.msu.edu/course/bot/423/algalglossary.htm#Reproductive, PMID:11948167]


The process in which differentiated, resting cells are formed, usually within a fruiting body by Myxobacteria. The myxospore is more resistant to high temperature, dessication, and UV than vegetative myxobacteria. [GOC:ds, ISBN:0122268008]


The process in which differentiated, resting cells are formed from a substrate mycelium; characteristic of many members of the order Actinomycetales. [GOC:ds, ISBN:0122268008]


regulation of mitotic spore formation
regulation of asexual spore formation
regulation of mitotic sporulation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of spore formation from the products of mitosis. [GOC:mah]


regulation of meiotic sporulation
regulation of meiotic spore formation
regulation of sexual spore formation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of spore formation from the products of meiosis. An example of this is found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. [GOC:mah]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ascospore formation. An example of this process is found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. [GOC:mah]


primary alcohol metabolism
monohydric alcohol metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving primary alcohols. A primary alcohol is any alcohol in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it. [GOC:mah]


primary alcohol anabolism
monohydric alcohol biosynthetic process
primary alcohol biosynthesis
primary alcohol synthesis
primary alcohol formation

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of primary alcohols. A primary alcohol is any alcohol in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it. [GOC:mah]


primary alcohol catabolism
primary alcohol breakdown
primary alcohol degradation
monohydric alcohol catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of primary alcohols. A primary alcohol is any alcohol in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it. [GOC:mah]


branched actin filament nucleation
actin filament branch nucleation

Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation

The actin nucleation process in which actin monomers combine to form a new branch on the side of an existing actin filament; mediated by the Arp2/3 protein complex and its interaction with other proteins. [GOC:mah, PMID:16959963, PMID:18640983]


regulation of Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of actin nucleation mediated by the Arp2/3 complex and interacting proteins. [GOC:mah]


negative regulation of Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of actin nucleation mediated by the Arp2/3 complex and interacting proteins. [GOC:mah, PMID:16959963]


Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + nicotinic acid riboside = ADP + nicotinic acid mononucleotide. [PMID:17914902]


Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group to an oxygen atom on an alcohol acceptor molecule. [GOC:mah]


Catalysis of the reaction: butanoyl-CoA + an alcohol = CoA + a butyl ester. [GOC:mah, PMID:16361250]


Catalysis of the reaction: hexanoyl-CoA + an alcohol = CoA + a hexyl ester. [GOC:mah, PMID:16361250]


Catalysis of the reaction: octanoyl-CoA + an alcohol = CoA + an octyl ester. [GOC:mah, PMID:16361250]


Catalysis of the reaction: decanoyl-CoA + an alcohol = CoA + a decyl ester. [GOC:mah, PMID:16361250]


Catalysis of the transfer of a butyl group to an oxygen atom on the acceptor molecule. [GOC:mah]


Catalysis of the transfer of a hexyl group to an oxygen atom on the acceptor molecule. [GOC:mah]


Catalysis of the transfer of a decyl group to an oxygen atom on the acceptor molecule. [GOC:mah]


Catalysis of the transfer of a butanoyl (CH3-[CH2]2-CO-) group to an acceptor molecule. [GOC:mah]


Catalysis of the transfer of a hexanoyl (CH3-[CH2]4-CO-) group to an acceptor molecule. [GOC:mah]


Catalysis of the transfer of a decanoyl (CH3-[CH2]8-CO-) group to an acceptor molecule. [GOC:mah]


A cellular process that results in the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a cell junction. [GOC:mah]


cell junction organisation
cell junction assembly and maintenance

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cell junction. A cell junction is a specialized region of connection between two cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix. [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah]


The organization process that preserves a cell junction in a stable functional or structural state. A cell junction is a specialized region of connection between two cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix. [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah]


A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an adherens junction. An adherens junction is a cell-cell junction composed of the epithelial cadherin-catenin complex at which the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane is attached to actin filaments. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah]


The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an adherens junction. An adherens junction is a cell-cell junction composed of the epithelial cadherin-catenin complex at which the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane is attached to actin filaments. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, GOC:mah]


The maintenance of an adherens junction. An adherens junction is a cell-cell junction composed of the epithelial cadherin-catenin complex at which the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane is attached to actin filaments. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, GOC:mah]


Binding to an RNA molecule that has assumed an incorrect conformation. [GOC:mah, PMID:10393192]


Catalysis of the reaction: a carboxylic ester + H2O = an alcohol + a carboxylic anion, where the carboxylic chain has 8 or fewer carbon atoms. [GOC:jp]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a type I interferon stimulus. Type I interferons include the interferon-alpha, beta, delta, episilon, zeta, kappa, tau, and omega gene families. [GOC:add, ISBN:0126896631, PMID:15546383, PMID:16681834]


response to type II interferon
response to immune interferon
response to gamma-interferon
response to type II IFN

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interferon-gamma stimulus. Interferon-gamma is also known as type II interferon. [GOC:add, ISBN:0126896631, PMID:15546383]


response to interferon-lambda
response to type III IFN

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a type III interferon stimulus. Interferon lambda is the only member of the type III interferon found so far. [GOC:add, ISBN:0126896631, PMID:15546383, PMID:16734557]


The appearance of type III interferon due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. Interferon lambda is the only member of the type III interferon found so far. [GOC:add, ISBN:0126896631, PMID:15546383, PMID:16734557]


regulation of type III interferon production

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of type III interferon production. Interferon lambda is the only member of the type III interferon found so far. [GOC:add, ISBN:0126896631, PMID:15546383, PMID:16734557]


down-regulation of type III interferon production

downregulation of type III interferon production

negative regulation of type III IFN production

down regulation of type III interferon production

negative regulation of type III interferon production

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of type III interferon production. Interferon lambda is the only member of the type III interferon found so far. [GOC:add, ISBN:0126896631, PMID:15546383, PMID:16734557]


inhibition of type III interferon production


upregulation of type III interferon production

up-regulation of type III interferon production

up regulation of type III interferon production

positive regulation of type III IFN production

positive regulation of type III interferon production

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of type III interferon production. Interferon lambda is the only member of the type III interferon found so far. [GOC:add, ISBN:0126896631, PMID:15546383, PMID:16734557]


activation of type III interferon production


stimulation of type III interferon production


Binding to a type III interferon. Interferon lambda is the only member of the type III interferon found so far. [GOC:add, ISBN:0126896631, PMID:15546383, PMID:16734557]


Combining with a type III interferon and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. Interferon lambda is the only member of the type III interferon found so far. [GOC:add, GOC:signaling, ISBN:0126896631, PMID:15546383, PMID:16734557]


programmed cell death of glial cells by apoptosis

programmed cell death of glia by apoptosis

glial cell programmed cell death by apoptosis

Any apoptotic process in a glial cell, a non-neuronal cell of the nervous system. [CL:0000125, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:sart]


regulation of glial cell apoptotic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of glial cell apoptotic process. [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_apoptosis]


negative regulation of glial cell apoptosis

negative regulation of glial cell apoptotic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of glial cell apoptotic process. [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_apoptosis]


Catalysis of the removal of a 5' terminal pyrophosphate from the 5'-triphosphate end of an RNA, leaving a 5'-monophosphate end. [GOC:jh2, PMID:17612492, PMID:18202662]


Any process that generates nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) from derivatives of it, without de novo synthesis; salvage is usually from the degradation products nicotinic acid (Na) and nicotinamide (Nam). [GOC:mah, PMID:12648681, PMID:27374990]


NR salvage pathway
nicotinamide riboside salvage pathway

NAD biosynthesis via nicotinamide riboside salvage pathway

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) from the vitamin precursor nicotinamide riboside. [PMID:17482543]


dorsal trunk growth, open tracheal system

Growth of epithelial tubes that originate from pits in an open tracheal system and grow towards each other to meet and form a continuous open tube called the dorsal trunk. The dorsal trunk extends from the anterior spiracle to the posterior spiracle of the larva and forms the main airway of the insect tracheal system. [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0879694238]


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate + ATP = 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,4-bisphosphate + ADP + 2 H(+). [EC:2.7.1.154, RHEA:18373]


C2-domain-containing phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity


type II phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity


activation of melanization defense response


stimulation of melanization defense response


inhibition of melanization defense response


inhibition of Rac protein signal transduction


activation of Rac protein signal transduction


stimulation of Rac protein signal transduction


inhibition of Rho protein signal transduction


activation of Rho protein signal transduction


stimulation of Rho protein signal transduction


heart cell differentiation
cardiac cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of a cell that will form part of the cardiac organ of an individual. [GOC:bf]


inhibition of nuclear mRNA splicing via U2-type spliceosome


activation of nuclear mRNA splicing via U2-type spliceosome


stimulation of nuclear mRNA splicing via U2-type spliceosome


vasopressin mediated vasoconstriction involved in systemic arterial blood pressure control

vasoconstriction by vasopressin involved in systemic arterial blood pressure control

The decrease in blood vessel diameter as a result of the release of vasopressin into the blood stream. [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_cardio, GOC:tb, ISBN:0721643949]


vasoconstriction of artery involved in chemoreceptor response to lowering of systemic arterial blood pressure

A process that is triggered by vasomotor excitation and results in a decrease in the diameter of an artery during the chemoreceptor response to decreased blood pressure. [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_cardio]


vasoconstriction of artery involved in ischemic response to lowering of systemic arterial blood pressure

The vasoconstriction that is triggered by vasomotor excitation resulting from the detection of high carbon dioxide levels in the vasomotor center of the central nervous system. [GOC:mtg_cardio, ISBN:0721643949]


atrial low pressure baroreceptor regulation of blood pressure

atrial baroreceptor regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure

regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by atrial baroreceptor feedback

A process that controls blood pressure by sensing the amount of stretch occurring in the atria. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


renin-angiotensin regulation of blood volume

regulation of blood volume by renin-angiotensin

The process in which the renin-angiotensin system controls the rate of fluid intake and output into the blood. [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_cardio, GOC:tb, ISBN:0721643949]


aldosterone mediated regulation of blood volume

renal regulation of blood volume by aldosterone

regulation of blood volume by renal aldosterone

The process in which the hormone aldosterone decreases the rate of diuresis and natriuresis resulting in increased blood volume. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, ISBN:0721643949]


vasodilation by angiotensin involved in regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure

angiotensin-mediated vasodilation involved in regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure

The process that increases the diameter of a blood vessel via the renin-angiotensin system. [GOC:pr, ISBN:0323031951, PMID:10425188]


activation of mesenchymal cell proliferation


stimulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation


The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the somitomeric trunk muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The somitomeric trunk muscle is derived from somitomeric mesoderm. The muscle begins its development with the differentiation of the muscle cells and ends with the mature muscle. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus. [GOC:dph, PMID:16638982]


An actin-rich adhesion structure characterized by formation upon cell substrate contact and localization at the substrate-attached part of the cell, contain an F-actin-rich core surrounded by a ring structure containing proteins such as vinculin and talin, and have a diameter of 0.5 mm. [PMID:12837608, PMID:15890982]


endonucleolytic cleavage of tetracistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, LSU-rRNA, 4.5S-rRNA, 5S-rRNA)

Endonucleolytic cleavage of a pre-rRNA molecule originally produced as a tetracistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, Large Subunit (LSU) the 4.5S rRNA, and the 5S rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript. Primary ribosomal RNA transcripts with four genes, in this order, are produced in the chloroplasts of vascular plants. Note that the use of the word tetracistronic refers only to the number of mature rRNA molecules which will be produced from the primary transcript and ignores tRNAs that may also be present within the primary transcript. [GOC:curators]


endonucleolytic cleaveage between 4.5S rRNA and 5S rRNA of tetracistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, LSU-rRNA, 4.5S-rRNA, 5S-rRNA)

Endonucleolytic cleavage between the 5S rRNA and the 4.5S rRNA of an rRNA molecule originally produced as a tetracistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, Large Subunit (LSU) the 4.5S rRNA, and the 5S rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript. Note that the use of the word tetracistronic refers only to the number of mature rRNA molecules which will be produced from the primary transcript and ignores tRNAs that may also be present within the primary transcript. [GOC:curators]


endonucleolytic cleaveage between LSU-rRNA and 4.5S rRNA of tetracistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, LSU-rRNA, 4.5S-rRNA, 5S-rRNA)

Endonucleolytic cleavage between the LSU-rRNA and the 4.5S rRNA of an rRNA molecule originally produced as a tetracistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, Large Subunit (LSU) the 4.5S rRNA, and the 5S rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript. Note that the use of the word tetracistronic refers only to the number of mature rRNA molecules which will be produced from the primary transcript and ignores tRNAs that may also be present within the primary transcript. [GOC:curators]


endonucleolytic cleaveage between SSU-rRNA and LSU-rRNA of tetracistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, LSU-rRNA, 4.5S-rRNA, 5S-rRNA)

Endonucleolytic cleavages between the SSU-rRNA and the LSU-rRNA of an rRNA molecule originally produced as a tetracistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, Large Subunit (LSU) the 4.5S rRNA, and the 5S rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript. These cleavages liberate tRNAs from the polycistronic transcript as well as separating the SSU and LSU containing transcript. Note that the use of the word tetracistronic refers only to the number of mature rRNA molecules which will be produced from the primary transcript and ignores tRNAs that may also be present within the primary transcript. [GOC:curators]


generation of mature 3'-end of 5S rRNA generated by RNA polymerase III

The removal of extra uridine residues from the 3' end of a 5S pre-rRNA generated by transcription by RNA polymerase III to generate the mature 3'-end. [GOC:hjd, PMID:16387655, PMID:1748637, PMID:1902221, PMID:8389357]


maturation of LSU-rRNA from tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, LSU-rRNA,5S)

Any process involved in the maturation of a precursor Large SubUnit (LSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule into a mature LSU-rRNA molecule from the pre-rRNA molecule originally produced as a tricistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, Large Subunit (LSU) the 5S rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript. [GOC:curators]


maturation of SSU-rRNA from tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, LSU-rRNA,5S)

Any process involved in the maturation of a precursor Small SubUnit (SSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule into a mature SSU-rRNA molecule from the pre-rRNA molecule originally produced as a tricistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, Large Subunit (LSU) the 5S rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript. [GOC:curators]


cotranscriptional mitochondrial rRNA nucleotide insertion

The insertion of one or two non-coded nucleotides during the transcription of a mitochondrial rRNA. Such additions are known to occur in myxomycetes such as Physarum, Didymium, and Stemonitis. [GOC:curators, ISBN:1555811337, PMID:8306965]


A heterodimeric complex of BRCA2 and BRAF35 (BRCA2-associated factor 35). The BRCA2-BRAF35 complex is often associated with condensed chromatin during mitosis. [GOC:hjd, PMID:11207365]


Binding to an interleukin-33 receptor. [GOC:hjd]


Combining with interleukin-33 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. [GOC:hjd, GOC:signaling]


activation of antimicrobial peptide production


stimulation of antimicrobial peptide production


activation of antiviral response by host


stimulation of antiviral response by host


activation of sterol regulatory element binding protein target gene transcription


stimulation of sterol regulatory element binding protein target gene transcription


inhibition of terminal cell fate specification


inhibition of fusion cell fate specification


inhibition of lamellocyte differentiation


activation of lamellocyte differentiation


stimulation of lamellocyte differentiation


inhibition of glutamate-cysteine ligase activity


activation of glutamate-cysteine ligase activity


stimulation of glutamate-cysteine ligase activity


The increase in size or mass of an entire multicellular organism, as opposed to cell growth. [GOC:bf, GOC:curators, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


negative regulation of translation involved in gene silencing by microRNA

gene silencing by miRNA, negative regulation of translation

miRNA mediated inhibition of translation

downregulation of translation involved in gene silencing by miRNA

down-regulation of translation involved in gene silencing by miRNA

down regulation of translation involved in gene silencing by miRNA

miRNA-mediated gene silencing by inhibition of translation

An RNA interference pathway in which microRNAs (miRNAs) block the translation of target mRNAs into proteins. Once incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), a miRNA will typically mediate repression of translation if the miRNA imperfectly base-pairs with the 3' untranslated regions of target mRNAs. [PMID:14744438, PMID:15196554]


activation of protein amino acid dephosphorylation


stimulation of protein amino acid dephosphorylation


positive regulation of protein amino acid dephosphorylation

upregulation of protein amino acid dephosphorylation

up regulation of protein amino acid dephosphorylation

up-regulation of protein amino acid dephosphorylation

positive regulation of protein dephosphorylation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of removal of phosphate groups from a protein. [GOC:bf]


inhibition of protein amino acid dephosphorylation


downregulation of mRNA translation, ncRNA-mediated


inhibition of mRNA translation, ncRNA-mediated


inhibition of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway


inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway


activation of T cell homeostatic proliferation


stimulation of T cell homeostatic proliferation


activation of activated T cell proliferation


stimulation of activated T cell proliferation


downregulation of sporulation
down-regulation of sporulation
down regulation of sporulation

negative regulation of sporulation resulting in formation of a cellular spore

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of sporulation. [GOC:go_curators]


The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an asexual spore wall, the specialized envelope lying outside the cell membrane of a spore derived from an asexual process. Examples of this process are found in Bacterial and Fungal species. [GOC:mah]


hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase activity


activation of protein import into nucleus


stimulation of protein import into nucleus


inhibition of protein import into nucleus


inhibition of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep


inhibition of circadian sleep/wake cycle, REM sleep


inhibition of circadian sleep/wake cycle, non-REM sleep


Development of photoreceptors, sensory cells that react to the presence of light, found in the ocellus. [GOC:jl, ISBN:0192800981, PMID:11542766]


activation of eye photoreceptor cell development


stimulation of eye photoreceptor cell development


inhibition of eye photoreceptor cell development


activation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat1 protein


stimulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat1 protein


inhibition of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat1 protein


inhibition of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat2 protein


activation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat2 protein


stimulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat2 protein


activation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein


stimulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein


inhibition of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein


activation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat4 protein


stimulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat4 protein


inhibition of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat4 protein


activation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat5 protein


stimulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat5 protein


inhibition of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat5 protein


activation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat6 protein


stimulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat6 protein


inhibition of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat6 protein


activation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat7 protein


stimulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat7 protein


inhibition of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat7 protein


activation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein


stimulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein


inhibition of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein


riboflavin mononucleotide reductase activity

riboflavine mononucleotide reductase activity


inhibition of mesodermal cell fate specification


inhibition of endodermal cell fate specification


inhibition of ectodermal cell fate specification


The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a compound eye cone cell, a cone-shaped cell, that focuses light in a compound eye. [GOC:mtg_sensu]


The process in which the cone cells of the compound eye, the lens-secreting cells in the ommatidia, adopt pathways of differentiation that lead to the establishment of their distinct cell type. [GOC:mtg_sensu]


compound eye cone cell fate specification

The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a compound eye cone cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway; upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed. [GOC:mtg_sensu]


compound eye cone cell fate determination

The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a compound eye cone cell regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed. [GOC:mtg_sensu]


regulation of compound eye cone cell fate specification

Any process that mediates the specification of a cell into a compound eye cone cell. [GOC:mtg_sensu]


downregulation of cone cell fate specification

down regulation of cone cell fate specification

inhibition of cone cell fate specification

down-regulation of cone cell fate specification

negative regulation of compound eye cone cell fate specification

Any process that restricts, stops or prevents a cell from specifying into a compound eye cone cell. [GOC:mtg_sensu]


inhibition of crystal cell differentiation


activation of crystal cell differentiation


stimulation of crystal cell differentiation


The type of sexual cycle seen in females, often with physiologic changes in the endometrium that recur at regular intervals during the reproductive years. [ISBN:0721662544]


A cell or part of the cell that constitutes an early developmental stage of a spore, a small reproductive body that is highly resistant to desiccation and heat and is capable of growing into a new organism, produced especially by certain bacteria, fungi, algae, and nonflowering plants. [GOC:jl, ISBN:0395825172]


An immature spore undergoing development. The spore usually consists of nucleic acid, prospore membrane(s) that encase the nucleic acid, and ultimately a cell wall that covers the membrane(s). This type of spore is observed in ascospore-forming fungi. [GOC:go_curators]


aldarate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of aldarate from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:go_curators, PMID:15034926]


aldonate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of aldonate from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


colicin transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a colicin from one side of a membrane to the other. Colicins are a group of antibiotics produced by E. coli and related species that are encoded by a group of naturally occurring plasmids, e.g. Col E1. [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729, PMID:17347522]


D-amino acid transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of D-amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. D-amino acids are the D-enantiomers of amino acids. [GOC:jl, GOC:jsg, GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


D-alanine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of D-alanine from one side of a membrane to the other. D-alanine is the D-enantiomer of 2-aminopropanoic acid. [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


D-serine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of D-serine from one side of a membrane to the other. D-serine is the D-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid. [GOC:jl, GOC:jsg, GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]


antimonite secondary active transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of antimonite from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Secondary active transporters include symporters and antiporters. [GOC:jl]


homoserine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of homoserine from one side of a membrane to the other. Homoserine is alpha-amino-gamma-hydroxybutyric acid, an intermediate in the biosynthesis of cystathionine, threonine and methionine. [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732]


beta-glucanase activity
beta-D-glucanase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of linkages in beta-D-glucans; beta-glucans are polysaccharides of D-glucose monomers linked by beta-glycosidic bonds. [Wikipedia:Beta-glucan]


OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of 1,3- or 1,4-linkages in beta-D-glucans when the glucose residue whose reducing group is involved in the linkage to be hydrolysed is itself substituted at C-3. [EC:3.2.1.6]


inhibition of amyloid precursor protein biosynthetic process


activation of amyloid precursor protein biosynthetic process


stimulation of amyloid precursor protein biosynthetic process


inhibition of Golgi to plasma membrane protein transport


activation of Golgi to plasma membrane protein transport


stimulation of Golgi to plasma membrane protein transport


inhibition of Golgi to plasma membrane CFTR protein transport


activation of Golgi to plasma membrane CFTR protein transport


stimulation of Golgi to plasma membrane CFTR protein transport


inhibition of fusion of sperm to egg plasma membrane


activation of GTP cyclohydrolase I activity


stimulation of GTP cyclohydrolase I activity


inhibition of GTP cyclohydrolase I activity


activation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade


stimulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade


inhibition of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade


inhibition of 1-phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase activity


activation of 1-phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase activity


stimulation of 1-phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase activity


inhibition of photosynthesis, light reaction


inhibition of protein complex disassembly


activation of protein complex disassembly


stimulation of protein complex disassembly


up regulation of caspase activity
up-regulation of caspase activity
upregulation of caspase activity

positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process

Any process that activates or increases the activity of a cysteine-type endopeptidase involved in the apoptotic process. [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_apoptosis]


inhibition of cytotoxic T cell degranulation


activation of cytotoxic T cell degranulation


stimulation of cytotoxic T cell degranulation


inhibition of natural killer cell degranulation


activation of natural killer cell degranulation


stimulation of natural killer cell degranulation


negative regulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T-cell differentiation

negative regulation of CD4-positive T-lymphocyte differentiation

down regulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation

downregulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation

negative regulation of CD4-positive T-cell differentiation

negative regulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T lymphocyte differentiation

down-regulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation

negative regulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T-lymphocyte differentiation

negative regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation. [GOC:add, GOC:pr, ISBN:0781735149]


inhibition of CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation


activation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation


stimulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation


up-regulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation

up regulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation

positive regulation of CD4-positive T lymphocyte differentiation

positive regulation of CD4-positive T-cell differentiation

positive regulation of CD4-positive T-lymphocyte differentiation

upregulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation

positive regulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T lymphocyte differentiation

positive regulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation

positive regulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T-cell differentiation

positive regulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T-lymphocyte differentiation

positive regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation. [GOC:add, GOC:pr, ISBN:0781735149]


inhibition of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation


activation of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation


stimulation of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation


inhibition of memory T cell differentiation


activation of memory T cell differentiation


stimulation of memory T cell differentiation


negative regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade

negative regulation of MAP kinase kinase kinase cascade

negative regulation of mitogen activated protein kinase kinase kinase cascade

negative regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase cascade

negative regulation of mitogen activated protein kinase cascade

negative regulation of MAP kinase cascade

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the MAPKKK cascade. [GOC:go_curators]


activation of skeletal muscle regeneration


stimulation of skeletal muscle regeneration


up regulation of skeletal muscle regeneration

upregulation of skeletal muscle regeneration

up-regulation of skeletal muscle regeneration

positive regulation of skeletal muscle tissue regeneration

Any process that activates or increase the rate of skeletal muscle regeneration. [GOC:jl]


down-regulation of skeletal muscle regeneration

down regulation of skeletal muscle regeneration

downregulation of skeletal muscle regeneration

negative regulation of skeletal muscle tissue regeneration

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle regeneration. [GOC:jl]


inhibition of skeletal muscle regeneration


inhibition of transcription factor activity


regulation of protein homodimerization activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein homodimerization, interacting selectively with an identical protein to form a homodimer. [GOC:jl, GOC:tb]


regulation of protein heterodimerization activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein heterodimerization, interacting selectively with a nonidentical protein to form a heterodimer. [GOC:jl, GOC:tb]


A process in which muscle adapts, with consequent modifications to structural and/or functional phenotypes, in response to a stimulus. Stimuli include contractile activity, loading conditions, substrate supply, and environmental factors. These adaptive events occur in both muscle fibers and associated structures (motoneurons and capillaries), and they involve alterations in regulatory mechanisms, contractile properties and metabolic capacities. [GOC:mtg_muscle, PMID:11181628, PMID:11449884, PMID:12605307]


Any process in which skeletal muscles change their phenotypic profiles in response to altered functional demands and a variety of signals. [GOC:mtg_muscle, PMID:11181628, PMID:11449884, PMID:12605307]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of muscle adaptation. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_muscle]


upregulation of JNK activity
up regulation of JNK activity
up-regulation of JNK activity
positive regulation of JUNK activity

positive regulation of JUN kinase activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of JUN kinase activity. [GOC:jl]


negative regulation of JUNK activity
down regulation of JNK activity
down-regulation of JNK activity
downregulation of JNK activity

negative regulation of JUN kinase activity

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of JUN kinase activity. [GOC:jl]


activation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator


stimulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator


inhibition of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator


activation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration


stimulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration


inhibition of blood vessel endothelial cell migration


Any process that initiates the activity of an inactive GTPase through the replacement of GDP by GTP. [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb]


regulation of translation initiation in response to stress

regulation of translational initiation in response to stress

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of translation initiation, as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. [GOC:jl]


regulation of translational initiation in response to osmotic stress

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of translation initiation, as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of solutes outside the organism or cell. [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb]


activation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway


stimulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway


inhibition of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway


conversion of glutamyl-tRNA to glutaminyl-tRNA

The modification process that results in the conversion of glutamate charged on a tRNA(Gln) to glutaminyl-tRNA. [GOC:jsg, PMID:3340166, PMID:9342308]


conversion of aspartyl-tRNA to asparaginyl-tRNA

The modification process that results in the conversion of aspartate charged on a tRNA(Asn) to asparaginyl-tRNA. [GOC:jsg, PMID:9789001]


The directed movement of peripheral cell cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3-beta-ol, towards the liver for catabolism. [GOC:ecd, PMID:7751809]


The series of events in which a pheromone stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. [GOC:mah]


The process in which a specialized structure (cell, tissue or organ) loses structural or functional features that characterize it in the mature organism, or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history. Under certain conditions, these structures can revert back to the features of their ancestors. [GOC:dph, GOC:pg]


A tissue-specific, membrane-bounded cytoplasmic organelle within which purines crystalize in reflective stacks. Iridosomes are synthesized in iridophore cells and are silver, gold or iridescent in appearance. [GOC:mh]


A tissue-specific, membrane-bounded cytoplasmic organelle within which uric acid and/or purines crystalize in reflective stacks. Leucosomes are synthesized in leucophore cells and have a whitish cast. [GOC:mh]


A tissue-specific, membrane-bounded cytoplasmic organelle within which pteridine pigments are synthesized and stored. Pterinosomes are synthesized in xanthophores and erythrophore cells and are yellow, orange or red in appearance. [GOC:mh]


A tissue-specific, membrane-bounded cytoplasmic organelle within which an unknown blue pigment is localized. Cyanosomes are synthesized in cyanophores and are blue in appearance. [GOC:mh]


A tissue-specific cytoplasmic vesicle surrounded by a membrane half-leaflet within which carotenoid pigments are stored. Carotenoid vesicles are synthesized in xanthophores and erythrophore cells and are yellow, orange or red in appearance. [GOC:mh]


The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a photoreceptor cell regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed. [GOC:mtg_sensu]


The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a photoreceptor cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway. Upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed. [GOC:mtg_sensu]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving cyanophycin, a non-protein, non-ribosomally produced amino acid polymer composed of an aspartic acid backbone and arginine side groups. [GOC:jl]


cell adhesion during single-species biofilm formation in or on host organism


cell adhesion during single-species biofilm formation


cell adhesion during multi-species biofilm formation


pilus organisation
pilus organization and biogenesis

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a pilus, a short filamentous structure on a bacterial cell, flagella-like in structure and generally present in many copies. [GOC:jl]


(R)-2-hydroxyisocaproate CoA transferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-2-hydroxyisocaproate + isocaproyl-CoA = (R)-2-hydroxyisocaproyl-CoA + isocaproate. [PMID:16957230]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoisocaproate + NADH + H+ = (R)-2-hydroxyisocaproate + NAD+. [GOC:jl, PMID:16957230]


Catalysis of the reaction: pyruvate + acetyl-CoA + H2O = (R)-citramalate + CoA. [GOC:jl, PMID:9864346]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2,3-diketo-5-methylthiopentyl-1-phosphate = H+ + 2-hydroxy 3-keto-5-methylthiopentenyl-1-phosphate. 2,3-diketo-5-methylthiopentyl-1-phosphate is also known as DK-MTP-1-P, and 2-hydroxy 3-keto-5-methylthiopentenyl-1-phosphate as HK-MTPenyl-1-P. [MetaCyc:R82-RXN]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentenyl-1-phosphate + H2O = 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one + phosphate. 2-hydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentenyl-1-phosphate is also known as HK-MTPenyl-P, and 1,2-dihydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentene as DHK-MTPene. [EC:3.1.3.77, MetaCyc:R83-RXN]


Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-2-hydroxyglutaryl-CoA = H2O + glutaconyl-CoA. [MetaCyc:RXN-1083]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-(hydroxymethyl)glutarate + NAD(+) = 2-formylglutarate + H(+) + NADH. [EC:1.1.1.291, RHEA:15505]


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-keto-5-aminohexanoate + acetyl-CoA = L-3-aminobutyryl-CoA + acetoacetate. [MetaCyc:R125-RXN, PMID:13064]


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA = vinylacetyl-CoA + H2O. [EC:4.2.1.120]


Catalysis of the reaction: (4-hydroxyphenyl)acetate + H(+) = 4-cresol + CO(2). [EC:4.1.1.83, RHEA:22732]


2,5-diamino-6-ribitylamino-4(3H)-pyrimidinone 5'-phosphate deaminase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2,5-diamino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribitylamino)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one + H2O = 5-amino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)uracil + ammonia. [MetaCyc:RXN-10058, PMID:11889103]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-keto-3-deoxygalactonate = D-glyceraldehyde + pyruvate. [PMID:12824170]


Catalysis of the reaction: 5-amino-6-(5-phosphoribitylamino)-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione + H2O = 5-amino-6-ribitylamino-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione + orthophosphate. [GOC:jl]


5-amino-4-imidazole carboxylate lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 5-aminoimidazole + CO2 = 5-amino-4-imidazole carboxylate. [GOC:jl]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-keto-4-methylthiobutyrate + L-glutamine = 2-oxoglutaramate + L-methionine. [GOC:jl]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-amino-5-formylamino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one + H2O = 2,5-diamino-6-(1-D-ribosylamino)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one 5'-phosphate + formate + H+. [RHEA:27282]


5-ureido-4-imidazole carboxylate hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 5-ureido-4-imidazole carboxylate + H2O = 5-amino-4-imidazole carboxylate + NH3 + CO2. [GOC:jl]


Catalysis of the oxidative decarboxylation of 6-hydroxynicotinate to 2,5-dihydroxypyridine, dependent on O2, NADH +H+ and FAD. [GOC:jl, PMID:10091591]


6-hydroxynicotinic acid dehydrogenase activity

6-hydroxynicotinic acid hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 6-hydroxynicotinate + H(2)O + O(2) = 2,6-dihydroxynicotinate + H(2)O(2). [EC:1.17.3.3, RHEA:22808]


Catalysis of the reaction: DNA containing 3-methylbase + H2O = DNA with abasic site + 3-methylbase. This reaction is the hydrolysis of DNA by cleavage of the N-C1' glycosidic bond between the damaged DNA 3-methylpurine or 3-methylpyrimidine base and the deoxyribose sugar to remove the methylated base, leaving an apurinic or apyrimidinic site. [PMID:10777493, PMID:14517230]


Catalysis of the oxidative demethylation of N1-methyladenine and N3-methylcytosine in DNA, with concomitant decarboxylation of 2-oxoglutarate and releases oxidized methyl group on N1-methyladenine and N3-methylcytosine as formaldehyde. [PMID:19786499]


DNase V activity
endodeoxyribonuclease V

Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage at apurinic or apyrimidinic sites to products with a 5'-phosphate. [EC:3.1.21.7]


Escherichia coli endodeoxyribonuclease V activity


1,5-dihydrocoenzyme F420 dehydrogenase activity

reduced coenzyme F420 dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: methanophenazine + reduced coenzyme F420 = dihydromethanophenazine + coenzyme F420. [MetaCyc:RXN-8106]


GU mismatch-specific uracil-DNA glycosylase activity

Catalysis of the removal of uracil from a U*G mispair by the cleavage the N-C1' glycosidic bond between the target damaged DNA base and the deoxyribose sugar. The reaction releases a free uracil and leaves an apyrimidinic (AP) site. [PMID:24739389]

G/U mismatch-specific uracil-DNA glycosylase activity


GTP 8,9-hydrolase (phosphate-forming)
GTP 8,9-dihydrolase (phosphate-forming)

Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + 3 H(2)O = 2-amino-5-formylamino-6-(1-D-ribosylamino)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one 5'-phosphate + 3 H(+) + 2 phosphate. [EC:3.5.4.29, RHEA:22468]


LPPG:FO 2-phospho-L-lactate transferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 7,8-didemethyl-8-hydroxy-5-deazariboflavin + lactyl-2-diphospho-5'-guanosine = coenzyme F420-0 + GMP. [PMID:11888293]


Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + N-acetyl-L-2-aminoadipate = ADP + N-acetyl-L-2-aminoadipate 6-phosphate. [PMID:25392000, PMID:26966182, RHEA:41944]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-succinylbenzoate + H2O = 2-succinyl-6-hydroxy-2,4-cyclohexadiene-1-carboxylate. [PMID:8335646]


Catalysis of the reaction: phenol + MgATP + H2O = phenylphosphate + MgAMP + orthophosphate. [PMID:15547277]


guanosine diphosphomannose-phosphatidyl-inositol alpha-mannosyltransferase activity

GDP mannose:1-phosphatidyl-myo-inositol alpha-D-mannosyltransferase activity

GDP mannose-phosphatidyl-myo-inositol alpha-mannosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of one or more alpha-D-mannose residues from GDP-mannose to positions 2,6 and others in 1-phosphatidyl-myo-inositol. [EC:2.4.1.345]


Catalysis of the reaction: RTP + adenosylcobinamide = adenosylcobinamide phosphate + RDP (where RTP is either ATP or GTP). [EC:2.7.1.156]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-methylpropanoyl-CoA + enzyme N6-(dihydrolipoyl)lysine = CoA + enzyme N6-(S-[2-methylpropanoyl]dihydrolipoyl)lysine. [EC:2.3.1.168]


Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-ribazole 5'-phosphate + H(2)O = alpha-ribazole + phosphate. [EC:3.1.3.73, RHEA:24456]


Catalysis of the reaction: adenosylcobinamide + H(2)O = (R)-1-aminopropan-2-ol + adenosylcobyrate. [EC:3.5.1.90, RHEA:23504]


adenosylcobyric acid:(R)-1-aminopropan-2-yl phosphate ligase (ADP-forming)

Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + adenosylcobyric acid + (R)-1-aminopropan-2-yl phosphate = ADP + phosphate + adenosylcobinamide phosphate, and ATP + adenosylcobyric acid + (R)-1-aminopropan-2-ol = ADP + phosphate + adenosylcobinamide. [EC:6.3.1.10]


acetyl-CoA synthetase (ADP-forming) activity

acetate-CoA ligase (ADP-forming) activity

acetyl coenzyme A synthetase (adenosine diphosphate-forming)

acetate--CoA ligase (ADP-forming) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + acetate + CoA = ADP + phosphate + acetyl-CoA. [RHEA:15081]


branched-chain acyl-CoA synthetase (ADP-forming) activity

branched-chain acyl CoA synthetase (ADP-forming) activity

branched chain acyl CoA synthetase (ADP-forming) activity

branched chain acyl-CoA synthetase (ADP-forming) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 2-methylbutanoate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + 2-methylbutanoyl-CoA. [RHEA:46180]


Catalysis of the reaction: N-acetyl-L-2,6-diaminoheptanedioate + 2-oxoglutarate = N-acetyl-2-L-amino-6-oxoheptanedioate + L-glutamate. [PMID:1906065]


CDP-2,3-di-O-geranylgeranyl-sn-glycerol inositol 1-archaetidyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: CDP-digeranylgeranylglycerol + L-serine = archaetidylserine + CMP. [PMID:12562787]


UDP-glucose diphosphorylase regulator activity

UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase regulator activity

UTP:glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase regulator activity

Binds to and modulates the activity of UTP:glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase. [GOC:jl]


UDP-3-O-[3-hydroxymyristoyl] glucosamine N-acyltransferase activity


T/G mismatch-specific endonuclease activity

Catalysis of the repair of T/G mismatches arising from deamination of 5-methylcytosine in DNA by nicking double-stranded DNA within the sequence CT(AT)GN or NT(AT)GG next to the mismatched thymidine residue. The incision is mismatch-dependent and strand-specific, in favor of the G-containing strand. The incision serves as a starting point for subsequent excision repair by DNA polymerase I, which excises thymidine and reinserts cytidine. [PMID:17651368]


Catalysis of the reaction: O-phospho-L-seryl-tRNACys + sulfide = L-cysteinyl-tRNACys + phosphate. [PMID:15790858, PMID:16380427, PMID:17110438]


Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-pyrrolysine + tRNA(Pyl) = AMP + diphosphate + L-pyrrolysyl-tRNA(Pyl). [PMID:15314242, RHEA:19277]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-demethylmenaquinone + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = menaquinone + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine. [PMID:1444716, PMID:9045837]


Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + cytidine = ADP + CMP. [PMID:211379]


acylphosphate glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase activity

acyl-phosphate glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acyl phosphate + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate = 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + orthophosphate. [PMID:17308305]


coenzyme F420-0 gamma-glutamyl ligase activity

Catalysis of the reactions: (1) GTP + F420-0 + L-glutamate = GDP + phosphate + F420-1, and (2) GTP + F420-1 + L-glutamate = GDP + phosphate + gamma-F420-2. This is the GTP-dependent successive addition of two L-glutamates to the L-lactyl phosphodiester of 7,8-didemethyl-8-hydroxy-5-deazariboflavin (F420-0) to form F420-0-glutamyl-glutamate (F420-2), with a gamma-linkage between the two glutamates. [PMID:17669425]


coenzyme F420-2 alpha-glutamyl ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: coenzyme F420-2 + L-glutamate + GTP = coenzyme F420-3 + GDP + orthophosphate. [PMID:12909715]


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosylmethionine + cobalt-precorrin 6B = S-adenosylhomocysteine + cobalt-precorrin 7. [MetaCyc:RXN-8766]

cobalt-precorrin 6B C5-methyltransferase activity


cobalt-precorrin 7 C15-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cobalt-precorrin 7 + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = cobalt-precorrin 8 + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + CO2. [MetaCyc:RXN-8767]


cobalt-precorrin 8X methylmutase activity

cobalt-precorrin 8 methylmutase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cobalt-precorrin 8 = cobyrinate. [MetaCyc:RXN-8768]


cobalt-precorrin 5A acetaldehyde-lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cobalt-precorrin 5A + H2O = cobalt-precorrin 5B + acetaldehyde + H+. [RHEA:26281]


cobalt-precorrin 5B C1-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cobalt-precorrin 5B + S-adenosylmethionine = S-adenosylhomocysteine + cobalt-precorrin 6A. [MetaCyc:RXN-8764]


cobalt-factor II C20 methyltransferase activity

cobalt-factor II C20-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + cobalt-factor II = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + cobalt-factor III. [EC:2.1.1.151]


cobalt-precorrin 3 C17-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cobalt-precorrin 3 + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = cobalt-precorrin 4 + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine. [MetaCyc:RXN-8761]


oxidoreductase activity, oxidizing metal ions with flavin as acceptor


cob(II)yrinic acid-a,c-diamide:FMN oxidoreductase activity

cob(II)yrinic acid a,c-diamide reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 cob(I)yrinate a,c diamide + FMN + 3 H(+) = 2 cob(II)yrinate a,c diamide + FMNH(2). [RHEA:24300]


Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-3-phenyllactate + [(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-(phosphonatooxy)oxolan-2-yl]methyl {[(3R)-3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-3-({2-[(2-{[(2E)-3-phenylprop-2-enoyl]sulfanyl}ethyl)carbamoyl]ethyl}carbamoyl)propyl phosphonato]oxy}phosphonate = (R)-3-phenyllactoyl-CoA + trans-cinnamate. [EC:2.8.3.17, RHEA:15601]


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-phenylpropanoate + NAD+ = (E)-cinnamate + NADH + H+. [PMID:10849007]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2 GTP = cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate + 2 diphosphate + 2 H(+). [EC:2.7.7.65, RHEA:24898]


Catalysis of the reaction: 1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-6-oxonicotinate + 2 H(2)O = 2-formylglutarate + NH(4)(+). [EC:3.5.2.18, RHEA:17209]


beta-ribofuranosylaminobenzene 5'-phosphate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 4-aminobenzoate + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate = 4-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)aminobenzene 5'-phosphate + CO2 + diphosphate. [GOC:jl, PMID:12142414]


formate dehydrogenase (coenzyme F420) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: formate + coenzyme F420 = CO2 + reduced coenzyme F420. [PMID:3801411]


Catalysis of the reaction: A + D-glyceraldehyde + H2O = (R)-glycerate + AH2 + H(+). [PMID:10095793, RHEA:36047]


glyceraldehyde dehydrogenase (NADP) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-glyceraldehyde + H2O + NADP+ = D-glycerate + NADPH + H+. [EC:1.2.1.89]


glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Fd oxidoreductase activity

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate ferredoxin reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate + H2O + 2 oxidized ferredoxin = 3-phospho-D-glycerate + 2 H+ + 2 reduced ferredoxin. [PMID:11265456, PMID:7721730, RHEA:24148]

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (ferredoxin) activity


Catalysis of the reaction: D-glycerate + ATP = 2-phospho-D-glycerate + ADP. [PMID:14413719, RHEA:27377]


Catalysis of the reactions: (1) glycine + H2O + O2 = glyoxylate + NH3 + hydrogen peroxide; (2) D-alanine + H2O + O2 = pyruvate + NH3 + hydrogen peroxide; (3) sarcosine + H2O + O2 = glyoxylate + methylamine + hydrogen peroxide; (4) N-ethylglycine + H2O + O2 = glyoxylate + ethylamine + hydrogen peroxide. [EC:1.4.3.19]


Catalysis of the reaction: D-arabino-3-hexulose 6-phosphate = D-fructose 6-phosphate. [MetaCyc:R12-RXN, PMID:11839305]


Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribulose 5-phosphate + formaldehyde = D-arabino-3-hexulose 6-phosphate. [PMID:16075199]


hydrogenobyrinic acid a,c-diamide synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing) activity

hydrogenobyrinic acid a,c diamide synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 L-glutamine + 2 ATP + 2 H(2)O + hydrogenobyrinate = 2 L-glutamate + 2 ADP + 4 H(+) + hydrogenobyrinate a,c-diamide + 2 phosphate. [EC:6.3.5.9, RHEA:12544]


Catalysis of the reaction: demethylspheroidene + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = H(+) + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + spheroidene. [PMID:12664193, PMID:12770713, PMID:7358679, RHEA:30903]


Catalysis of the reaction: N-formimidoylglycine => H2O + imidazol-4-one. [PMID:27286964, RHEA:24935]


3-(indol-3-yl)pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (decarboxylating, CoA-indole-acetylating)

3-(indol-3-yl)pyruvate synthase (ferredoxin) activity

indolepyruvate ferredoxin oxidoreductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (indol-3-yl)pyruvate + CoA + oxidized ferredoxin = S-2-(indol-3-yl)acetyl-CoA + CO2 + reduced ferredoxin. [EC:1.2.7.8]


keto-acid formate lyase activity
keto-acid formate-lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxobutanoate + CoA = propionyl-CoA + formate. [MetaCyc:KETOBUTFORMLY-RXN]


3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate dehydrogenase (ferredoxin) activity

2-oxoisovalerate ferredoxin reductase activity

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate synthase (ferredoxin) activity

2-ketoisovalerate ferredoxin reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate + CoA + oxidized ferredoxin = S-(2-methylpropanoyl)-CoA + CO2 + reduced ferredoxin. [EC:1.2.7.7]

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (decarboxylating; CoA-2-methylpropanoylating)


branched-chain ketoacid ferredoxin reductase activity


branched-chain oxo acid ferredoxin reductase activity


lyso-ornithine lipid acyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: lyso-ornithine lipid + acyl-[acyl-carrier protein] = ornithine lipid + [acyl-carrier protein]. [PMID:15341653]


ornithine-acyl[acyl carrier protein] N-acyltransferase activity

ornithine-acyl [acyl carrier protein] N-acyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (3R)-3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + L-ornithine = lyso-ornithine lipid + [acyl-carrier protein]. The enzyme, found in bacteria, catalyzes the first step in the biosynthesis of ornithine lipids. [PMID:15341653, RHEA:20633]


phosphate:acyl-[acyl carrier protein] acyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a fatty acyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + orthophosphate = acyl phosphate + [acyl-carrier protein]. [RHEA:42292]


phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate + H2O = phosphatidylinositol + orthophosphate. [PMID:10224048]


phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate 5-phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylinositol-3,5-bisphosphate + H2O = phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate + orthophosphate. [PMID:10806194, PMID:16607019]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-phospho-(S)-lactate + GTP = lactyl-2-diphospho-5'-guanosine + diphosphate. [PMID:18260642, RHEA:63424]


formate-dependent GAR transformylase activity

phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase 2 activity

Catalysis of the reaction: formate + ATP + 5'-phospho-ribosylglycinamide = 5'-phosphoribosyl-N-formylglycinamide + ADP + diphosphate. [EC:2.1.2.2, PMID:8117714]


Catalysis of the reaction: tRNA(Cys) + O-phospho-L-serine + ATP = AMP + diphosphate + phosphoseryl-tRNA(Cys). [PMID:17110438, RHEA:25678]


Catalysis of the reaction: (2R)-O-phospho-3-sulfolactate = phosphoenolpyruvate + sulfite. [EC:4.4.1.19, RHEA:22784]


Catalysis of the reaction: H(+) + NADH + O(2) + precorrin-3A = H(2)O + NAD(+) + precorrin-3B. [EC:1.14.13.83, RHEA:17293]


precorrin-6X synthase (deacetylating) activity

precorrin-6A synthase (deacetylating) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + H(2)O + precorrin-5 = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + acetate + 2 H(+) + precorrin-6X. [EC:2.1.1.152, RHEA:18261]


Catalysis of the irreversible NADH-dependent formation of propionyl-CoA from acryloyl-CoA. [PMID:12603323]


propionyl-CoA:succinate CoA transferase activity

propionyl-CoA succinate CoA-transferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: succinate + propionyl-CoA = succinyl-CoA + propionate. [PMID:10769117]


5S ribosomal maturation nuclease activity

5S ribosomal RNA maturation endonuclease activity

Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of RNA, removing 21 and 42 nucleotides, respectively, from the 5'- and 3'-termini of a 5S-rRNA precursor. [PMID:402365]


Catalysis of the reaction: spheroidene + O2 = spheroidenone + H2O. [PMID:16086104, PMID:16158287]


succinylglutamic semialdehyde dehydrogenase activity

N-succinyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase activity

N-succinylglutamate 5-semialdehyde dehydrogenase activity

succinyl glutamate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N-succinyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + H(2)O + NAD(+) = N-succinyl-L-glutamate + 2 H(+) + NADH. [EC:1.2.1.71, RHEA:10812]


tRNA (adenine-57, 58-N1-) methyltransferase activity

tRNA (adenine-57, 58 N1-) methyltransferase activity

tRNA (adenine-57, 58-N(1)-) methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the methylation of adenine-57 and adenine-58 in the T-loop of tRNA. [PMID:14739239]


Catalysis of the reaction: 5-methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine + selenophosphate = 5-methylaminomethyl-2-selenouridine + phosphate (at the wobble position in tRNA). [PMID:14594807, RHEA:42716]


thiol-driven fumarate reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: fumarate + coenzyme M + coenzyme B = succinate + coenzyme M + coenzyme B + heterodisulfide. [PMID:2509466]


thiosulphate dehydrogenase (quinone) activity

thiosulfate oxidoreductase, tetrathionate-forming activity

thiosulfate dehydrogenase (quinone) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 6-decylubiquinone + 2 thiosulfate = 6-decylubiquinol + tetrathionate. [EC:1.8.5.2, RHEA:10936]


trans-2, cis-3 decenoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] isomerase activity

trans-2, cis-3 decenoyl-ACP isomerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: trans-dec-2-enoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] = cis-dec-3-enoyl-[acyl-carrier protein]. [RHEA:23568]


dimethylamine-specific methylcobalamin:coenzyme M methyltransferase activity


monomethylamine-specific methylcobalamin:coenzyme M methyltransferase activity


trimethylamine-specific methylcobalamin:coenzyme M methyltransferase activity


Catalysis of the reaction: xanthine + H2O = 4-ureido-5-imidazole carboxylate. [MetaCyc:R127-RXN, PMID:13278326]


Catalysis of the reaction: L-valine + H2O + NAD+ = 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate + NH3 + NADH. [PMID:10612726, PMID:2803248]


phosphatidylethanolamine:Kdo2-lipid A phosphoethanolamine transferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: Kdo2-lipid A + phosphatidylethanolamine = phosphoethanolamine-Kdo2-lipid A + diacylglycerol. [PMID:15795227]