A protein complex containing an inhibitory-kappaB (I-kappaB/IKB) protein and one or more copies of an NF-kappaB protein. In the resting state, NF-kappaB dimers are bound to I-kappaB proteins, sequestering NF-kappaB in the cytoplasm. [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, PMID:9407099]


Bcl3/NF-kappaB2 complex location
Bcl3-p52 complex location
Bcl3-p52 complex

A protein complex containing one Bcl protein and one or more copies of NF-kappaB2; formation of complexes of different stoichiometry depends on the Bcl3:NF-kappaB2 ratio, and allow Bcl3 to exert different regulatory effects on NF-kappaB2-dependent transcription. [GOC:mah, PMID:9407099]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving plastid DNA. [GOC:mah]


The process in which new strands of DNA are synthesized in a plastid. [GOC:mah]


regulation of DNA replication during S phase


A multimeric protein complex that acts as an endosomal tethering complex (CORVET = class C core vacuole/endosome tethering) by cooperating with Rab GTPases to capture endosomal vesicles and trap them prior to the action of SNAREs; the complex is involved in endo-lysosomal biogenesis and required for transport between endosome and vacuole. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae complex contains Vps8p, Vps3p, Pep5p, Vps16p, Pep3p, and Vps33p. [PMID:17488625]


Binding to choline, the amine 2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium. [GOC:mlg]


ATP-dependent choline transmembrane transporter activity

ATPase-coupled choline transmembrane transporter activity


An axon part that is located between the nodes of Ranvier and surrounded by compact myelin sheath. [GOC:mah, GOC:mh]


An axon part that is located adjacent to the nodes of Ranvier and surrounded by lateral loop portions of myelin sheath. [GOC:mah, GOC:mh, NIF_Subcellular:sao936144858]


The directed movement of any phosphorylated myo-inositol into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:mah]


The directed movement of myo-inositol hexakisphosphate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:mah]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vitamin stimulus. [GOC:sl]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vitamin B2 stimulus. [GOC:sl]


The sliding movement of actin thin filaments and myosin thick filaments past each other. [GOC:pf]


transcription factor TFTC complex location

A protein complex that does not contain either a TATA-binding protein (TBP) or a TBP-like factor, but is composed of several TAFIIs and other proteins, including a histone acetyltransferase. This complex is able to nucleate transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II, can mediate transcriptional activation, and has histone acetyltransferase activity. [PMID:10373431, PMID:9603525]


A cell cycle in which mitosis is begun and progresses normally through the end of anaphase, but not completed, resulting in a cell with increased ploidy. [GOC:mah, PMID:9573008]


The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population in the midbrain. [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:dgf]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vitamin D stimulus. [GOC:sl]


TAT protein translocation system complex location


plasma serine protease inhibitor-acrosin complex location

protein C inhibitor-acrosin complex location

A heterodimeric protein complex of protein C inhibitor (SERPINA5) and acrosin; formation of the complex inhibits the protease activity of acrosin. [GOC:pr, PMID:11120760, PMID:7521127]


ATP-dependent organic acid transmembrane transporter activity

organic acid-transporting ATPase activity

ATPase-coupled organic acid transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + organic acid(out/in) = ADP + phosphate + organic acid(in/out). [GOC:mlg]


carboxylic acid-transporting ATPase activity

ATP-dependent carboxylic acid transporter activity

ATPase-coupled carboxylic acid transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + carboxylic acid(out/in) = ADP + phosphate + carboxylic acid(in/out). [GOC:mlg]


monocarboxylic acid-transporting ATPase activity

ATP-dependent monocarboxylic acid transmembrane transporter activity

ATPase-coupled monocarboxylic acid transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + monocarboxylic acid(out/in) = ADP + phosphate + monocarboxylic acid(in/out). [GOC:mlg]


ATP-dependent ectoine transmembrane transporter activity

ATPase-coupled ectoine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + ectoine(out/in) = ADP + phosphate + ectoine(in/out). [GOC:mlg, RHEA:32787]


hydroxyectoine transmembrane transporter activity


ATP-dependent hydroxyectoine transmembrane transporter activity

ATPase-coupled hydroxyectoine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + hydroxyectoine(out/in) = ADP + phosphate + hydroxyectoine(in/out). [GOC:mlg]


A microtubule located such that it threads through the conoid and projects through the polar ring. [GOC:mah, PMID:11901169, PMID:16518471]


eukaryotic 48S pre-initiation complex location

eukaryotic 48S preinitiation complex location

A protein complex composed of the small ribosomal subunit, eIF3, eIF1A, methionyl-initiatior methionine and a capped mRNA. The complex is initially positioned at the 5'-end of the capped mRNA. [GOC:hjd, PMID:15145049]


eukaryotic 48S initiation complex location


eukaryotic 80S initiation complex location

A protein complex composed of the large and small ribosomal subunits, methionyl-initiatior tRNA, and the capped mRNA. The initiator tRNA is positioned at the ribosomal P site at the AUG codon corresponding to the beginning of the coding region. [GOC:hjd, PMID:15145049]


transverse tubule organization
T-tubule organization and biogenesis
T-tubule organisation

A process that is carried out at the cellular level that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the T-tubule. A T-tubule is an invagination of the plasma membrane of a muscle cell that extends inward from the cell surface around each myofibril. [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah]


Binding to a monocarboxylic acid, any organic acid containing one carboxyl (COOH) group or anion (COO-). [GOC:mah]


Binding to ectoine, 1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-methyl-4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid. [GOC:mah]


Binding to the D- or L-enantiomer of rhamnose. [GOC:mah]


contractile vacuole organization and biogenesis

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a contractile vacuole. A specialized vacuole that fills with water from the cytoplasm and then discharges this externally by the opening of contractile vacuole pores. [GOC:mah]


The controlled release of lysosomal enzymes by a cell. [GOC:mah]


dehydroascorbic acid transporter activity

dehydroascorbic acid transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of dehydroascorbate, 5-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)furan-2,3,4(5H)-trione, from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:go_curators]


cell cycle comprising mitosis without cytokinesis

A mitotic cell cycle in which mitosis is completed but cytokinesis does not occur, resulting in a cell containing multiple nuclei each with a chromosomal complement of the original ploidy (usually 2N). [GOC:expert_vm, GOC:mah]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving O-glucosylated derivatives of quercetin. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5321]


quercetin O-glucoside biosynthesis
quercetin O-glucoside anabolism
quercetin O-glucoside formation
quercetin O-glucoside synthesit

quercetin O-glucoside biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways leading to the formation of O-glucosylated derivatives of quercetin. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5321]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving chlorophyll a. [GOC:mah]


chlorophyll a synthesis
chlorophyll a formation
chlorophyll a biosynthesis
chlorophyll a anabolism

The chemical reactions and pathways leading to the formation of chlorophyll a. [GOC:mah]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving phytol, (2E,7R,11R)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadec-2-en-1-ol. [GOC:mah]


A process that generates phytol, (2E,7R,11R)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadec-2-en-1-ol, from derivatives of it without de novo synthesis. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5107]


The directed movement of hydroxyectoine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:mlg]


SBF transcription complex location
SBF complex location
SBF complex

A protein complex that binds to the Swi4/6 cell cycle box (SCB) promoter element, consensus sequence CRCGAAA, and activates transcription during the G1/S transition of the cell cycle. In Saccharomyces, the complex contains a heterodimer of the DNA binding protein Swi4p and the activator Swi6p, and is associated with additional proteins known as Whi5p and Msa1p. [GOC:mah, PMID:11206552, PMID:15838511, PMID:18160399, PMID:19150335, PMID:7917338]


chlorophyll a catabolism
chlorophyll a breakdown
chlorophyll a degradation

The chemical reactions and pathways leading to the breakdown of chlorophyll a. [GOC:mah]


chlorophyll a biosynthesis via phytyl diphosphate

chlorophyll a formation via phytyl chlorophyll a formation via phytyl-PP

chlorophyll a biosynthetic process via phytyl-PP

chlorophyll a synthesis via phytyl diphosphate

chlorophyll a anabolism via phytyl diphosphate

chlorophyll a biosynthetic process via phytyl diphosphate

The chemical reactions and pathways leading to the formation of chlorophyll a, via the intermediate phytyl diphosphate. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5086]


chlorophyll a formation via geranylgeranyl-chlorophyll a

chlorophyll a anabolism via geranylgeranyl-chlorophyll a

chlorophyll a biosynthesis via geranylgeranyl-chlorophyll a

chlorophyll a synthesis via geranylgeranyl-chlorophyll a

chlorophyll a biosynthetic process via geranylgeranyl-chlorophyll a

The chemical reactions and pathways leading to the formation of chlorophyll a, via the intermediate geranylgeranyl-chlorophyll a. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5064]


signal transduction involved in meiotic cell cycle checkpoint

A signaling process that contributes to a meiotic cell cycle checkpoint that ensures accurate chromosome replication and segregation by preventing progression through a meiotic cell cycle until conditions are suitable for the cell to proceed to the next stage. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle]


signal transduction involved in meiotic DNA replication checkpoint

meiotic cell cycle DNA replication checkpoint

meiotic G2/MI DNA replication checkpoint signaling

A signal transduction process that controls the G2/M1 transition of the meiotic cell cycle and prevents the initiation of nuclear division until DNA replication is complete. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle]


signal transduction involved in meiotic spindle assembly checkpoint

meiotic spindle assembly checkpoint signaling

A signal transduction process that contributes to a meiotic spindle assembly checkpoint, that delays the metaphase/anaphase transition of a meiotic cell cycle until the spindle is correctly assembled and chromosomes are attached to the spindle. [GOC:mah]


pantothenate biosynthetic process from valine


pantothenate biosynthetic process from 2-dehydropantolactone


The chemical reactions and pathways involving UDP-D-xylose, uridinediphosphoxylose, a substance composed of xylose in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate. [GOC:mah]


UDP-D-xylose anabolism
UDP-D-xylose synthesis
UDP-D-xylose formation
UDP-D-xylose biosynthesis

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of UDP-D-xylose, uridinediphosphoxylose, a substance composed of xylose in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-4821]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving homomethionine, a non-protein amino acid synthesized from methionine via chain elongation. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-1186]


homomethionine anabolism
homomethionine synthesis
homomethionine biosynthesis
homomethionine formation

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of homomethionine, a non-protein amino acid synthesized from methionine via chain elongation. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-1186]


choline anabolism via CDP-choline
choline biosynthesis via CDP-choline
choline synthesis via CDP-choline
choline formation via CDP-choline

choline biosynthetic process via CDP-choline

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of choline (2-hydroxyethyltrimethylammonium), via the intermediate CDP-choline. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-3561]


choline synthesis via N-monomethylethanolamine

choline anabolism via N-monomethylethanolamine

choline formation via N-monomethylethanolamine

choline biosynthesis via N-monomethylethanolamine

choline biosynthetic process via N-monomethylethanolamine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of choline (2-hydroxyethyltrimethylammonium), via the intermediate N-monomethylethanolamine. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-3542]


choline anabolism via phosphoryl-ethanolamine

choline synthesis via phosphoryl-ethanolamine

choline formation via phosphoryl-ethanolamine

choline biosynthesis via phosphoryl-ethanolamine

choline biosynthetic process via phosphoryl-ethanolamine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of choline (2-hydroxyethyltrimethylammonium), via the intermediate phosphoryl-ethanolamine. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-3385]


The regulated release of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the choroid plexus of the lateral, third and fourth ventricles. The cerebrospinal fluid is a clear liquid that located within the ventricles, spinal canal, and subarachnoid spaces. [GOC:ln, http://users.ahsc.arizona.edu/davis/csf.htm, PMID:10716451]


The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a Leydig cell. A Leydig cell is a testosterone-secreting cell in the interstitial area, between the seminiferous tubules, in the testis. [GOC:ln, PMID:12050120]


peroxisomal membrane protein (PMP) targeting signal (mPTS) binding

peroxisome membrane targeting sequence binding

Binding to a peroxisomal membrane targeting sequence, any of several sequences of amino acids within a protein that can act as a signal for the localization of the protein into the peroxisome membrane. [GOC:rb, PMID:15133130, PMID:17020786]


kaempferol O-glucoside metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving O-glucosylated derivatives of kaempferol. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5320]


kaempferol O-glucoside formation
kaempferol O-glucoside synthesit
kaempferol O-glucoside anabolism
kaempferol O-glucoside biosynthesis

kaempferol O-glucoside biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways leading to the formation of O-glucosylated derivatives of kaempferol. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5320]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving ent-kaur-16-ene. Ent-kaurene is a tetracyclic diterpenoid that is a precursor of several plant isoprenoids, including gibberellins. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5032, PMID:17064690]


ent-kaurene biosynthesis
ent-kaurene synthesis
ent-kaurene anabolism
ent-kaurene formation

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ent-kaurene. Ent-kaurene is a tetracyclic diterpenoid that is a precursor of several plant isoprenoids, including gibberellins. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5032, PMID:17064690]


The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a fin over time, from its formation to the mature structure. [GOC:dgh]


The process in which the anatomical structures of a fin are generated and organized. [GOC:dgh]


The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the anal fin over time, from its formation to the mature structure. [GOC:dgh]


The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the caudal fin over time, from its formation to the mature structure. [GOC:dgh]


The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dorsal fin over time, from its formation to the mature structure. [GOC:dgh]


The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a medial fin over time, from its formation to the mature structure. [GOC:dgh]


The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the pectoral fin over time, from its formation to the mature structure. [GOC:dgh]


The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the pelvic fin over time, from its formation to the mature structure. [GOC:dgh]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of collagen binding. [GOC:mah]


down regulation of collagen binding
down-regulation of collagen binding
downregulation of collagen binding

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of collagen binding. [GOC:mah]


upregulation of collagen binding
up regulation of collagen binding
up-regulation of collagen binding

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of collagen binding. [GOC:mah]


The directed movement of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3-beta-ol, out of a cell or organelle. [GOC:sart]


asparagine catabolic process via L-aspartate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate, via the intermediate L-aspartate. [GOC:mah]


asparagine catabolic process via 2-oxosuccinamate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate, via the intermediate 2-oxosuccinamate. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-4002]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving a tetrose, any monosaccharide with a chain of four carbon atoms in the molecule. [GOC:mah]


tetrose formation
tetrose synthesis
tetrose biosynthesis
tetrose anabolism

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a tetrose, any monosaccharide with a chain of four carbon atoms in the molecule. [GOC:mah]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving apiose, the branched tetrose 3-C-(hydroxymethyl)-D-glycero-tetrose. [GOC:mah]


apiose anabolism
apiose biosynthesis
apiose formation
apiose synthesis

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of apiose, the branched tetrose 3-C-(hydroxymethyl)-D-glycero-tetrose. [GOC:mah]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving UDP-D-apiose, uridinediphosphoapiose, a substance composed of apiose in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate. [GOC:mah]


UDP-D-apiose biosynthesis
UDP-D-apiose anabolism
UDP-D-apiose formation
UDP-D-apiose synthesis

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of UDP-D-apiose, uridinediphosphoapicose, a substance composed of apiose in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5113]


A cyclic series of interconversions involving S-adenosylmethionine, S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine, L-cysteine, and L-methionine. Couples utilization of the methyl group of SAM with recycling of the homocysteinyl group and regeneration of methionine. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5041]


A cyclic series of interconversions involving chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and several chlorophyllide intermediates. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5068]


A cyclic series of interconversions involving L-ascorbate and glutathione that scavenges hydrogen peroxide and reduces it to water, with concomitant oxidation of NADPH. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-2261]


detoxification of hydrogen peroxide
hydrogen peroxide detoxification
detoxification of H2O2

Any process that reduces or removes the toxicity of hydrogen peroxide. These include transport of hydrogen peroxide away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration. [GOC:dph]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving UDP-L-arabinose, uridinediphosphoarabinose, a substance composed of arabinose in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate. [GOC:mah]


L-arabinose synthesis
L-arabinose anabolism
L-arabinose formation
L-arabinose biosynthesis

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-arabinose, arabino-pentose. [GOC:mah]


UDP-L-arabinose anabolism
UDP-L-arabinose formation
UDP-L-arabinose synthesis
UDP-L-arabinose biosynthesis

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of UDP-L-arabinose, uridinediphosphoarabinose, a substance composed of arabinose in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-82]


lysine synthesis via diaminopimelate and N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

lysine biosynthesis via diaminopimelic acid and N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

lysine formation via diaminopimelate and N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

lysine anabolism via diaminopimelate and N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

lysine biosynthetic process via diaminopimelic acid and N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

lysine biosynthetic process via diaminopimelate and N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lysine, via the intermediates diaminopimelate and N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate; in this pathway tetrahydrodipicolinate is converted to meso-diaminopimelate in four enzymatic steps. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:DAPLYSINESYN-PWY-]


lysine formation via diaminopimelate and L-2-acetamido-6-oxoheptanedioate

lysine anabolism via diaminopimelate and L-2-acetamido-6-oxoheptanedioate

lysine biosynthesis via diaminopimelic acid and L-2-acetamido-6-oxoheptanedioate

lysine biosynthetic process via diaminopimelic acid and L-2-acetamido-6-oxoheptanedioate

lysine synthesis via diaminopimelate and L-2-acetamido-6-oxoheptanedioate

lysine biosynthetic process via diaminopimelate and L-2-acetamido-6-oxoheptanedioate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lysine, via the intermediates diaminopimelate and L-2-acetamido-6-oxoheptanedioate; in this pathway tetrahydrodipicolinate is converted to meso-diaminopimelate in four enzymatic steps. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-2941]


lysine synthesis via diaminopimelate, dehydrogenase pathway

lysine anabolism via diaminopimelate, dehydrogenase pathway

lysine formation via diaminopimelate, dehydrogenase pathway

lysine biosynthesis via diaminopimelic acid, dehydrogenase pathway

lysine biosynthetic process via diaminopimelate, dehydrogenase pathway

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lysine, via the intermediate diaminopimelate; in this pathway tetrahydrodipicolinate is converted to meso-diaminopimelate in a single enzymatic step. [GOC:mah, GOC:pr, MetaCyc:PWY-2942]


lysine biosynthesis via diaminopimelate, diaminopimelate-aminotransferase pathway

lysine anabolism via diaminopimelate, diaminopimelate-aminotransferase pathway

lysine synthesis via diaminopimelate, diaminopimelate-aminotransferase pathway

lysine formation via diaminopimelate, diaminopimelate-aminotransferase pathway

lysine biosynthetic process via diaminopimelate, diaminopimelate-aminotransferase pathway

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lysine, via the intermediate diaminopimelate; in this pathway tetrahydrodipicolinate is converted to meso-diaminopimelate in two enzymatic steps. [GOC:mah, GOC:pr, MetaCyc:PWY-5097]


secretory granule organization and biogenesis

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a secretory granule. A secretory granule is a small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion. [GOC:mah]


mast cell secretory granule organization and biogenesis

mast cell secretory granule organisation

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a secretory granule in a mast cell. A secretory granule is a small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion. [GOC:mah]


protein localization in organelle
protein localisation to organelle

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within an organelle. [GOC:mah]


protein localization in secretory granule

protein localisation in secretory granule

protein localization to secretory granule

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a secretory granule. [GOC:mah]


protein localisation in mast cell secretory granule

protein localization in mast cell secretory granule

protein localization to mast cell secretory granule

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a secretory granule in a mast cell. [GOC:mah]


protease localization in mast cell secretory granule

protease localisation in mast cell secretory granule

protease localization to mast cell secretory granule

Any process in which a protease is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a secretory granule in a mast cell. [GOC:mah]


establishment of protein localization in mast cell secretory granule

establishment of protein localisation in mast cell secretory granule

establishment of protein localization to mast cell secretory granule

The directed movement of a protein to a location within a secretory granule in a mast cell. [GOC:mah]


maintenance of protein localization in mast cell secretory granule

maintenance of protein location in mast cell secretory granule

A process in which a protein is maintained in a secretory granule in a mast cell and prevented from moving elsewhere. [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb]


T cell secretory granule organization and biogenesis

T-lymphocyte secretory granule organization

T lymphocyte secretory granule organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a secretory granule in a T cell. A secretory granule is a small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion. [GOC:mah]


T-lymphocyte secretory granule maturation


establishment of protease localisation in mast cell secretory granule

establishment of protease localization in mast cell secretory granule

establishment of protease localization to mast cell secretory granule

The directed movement of a protease to a location within a secretory granule in a mast cell. [GOC:mah]


maintenance of protease localization in mast cell secretory granule

maintenance of protease location in mast cell secretory granule

A process in which a protease is maintained in a secretory granule in a mast cell and prevented from moving elsewhere. [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb]


protein localisation in T cell secretory granule

protein localization in T cell secretory granule

protein localization in T lymphocyte secretory granule

protein localization in T-lymphocyte secretory granule

protein localization in T-cell secretory granule

protein localization to T cell secretory granule

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a secretory granule in a T cell. [GOC:mah]


protease localization in T lymphocyte secretory granule

protease localisation in T cell secretory granule

protease localization in T-cell secretory granule

protease localization in T-lymphocyte secretory granule

protease localization in T cell secretory granule

protease localization to T cell secretory granule

Any process in which a protease is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a secretory granule in a T cell. [GOC:mah]


establishment of protein localization in T-lymphocyte secretory granule

establishment of protein localization in T lymphocyte secretory granule

establishment of protein localisation in T cell secretory granule

establishment of protein localization in T-cell secretory granule

establishment of protein localization in T cell secretory granule

establishment of protein localization to T cell secretory granule

The directed movement of a protein to a location within a secretory granule in a T cell. [GOC:mah]


maintenance of protein localization in T-lymphocyte secretory granule

maintenance of protein localization in T lymphocyte secretory granule

maintenance of protein localization in T-cell secretory granule

maintenance of protein localization in T cell secretory granule

maintenance of protein location in T cell secretory granule

A process in which a protein is maintained in a secretory granule in a T cell and prevented from moving elsewhere. [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb]


establishment of protease localization in T-lymphocyte secretory granule

establishment of protease localisation in T cell secretory granule

establishment of protease localization in T lymphocyte secretory granule

establishment of protease localization in T-cell secretory granule

establishment of protease localization in T cell secretory granule

establishment of protease localization to T cell secretory granule

The directed movement of a protease to a location within a secretory granule in a T cell. [GOC:mah]


maintenance of protease localization in T-lymphocyte secretory granule

maintenance of protease localization in T-cell secretory granule

maintenance of protease localization in T cell secretory granule

maintenance of protease localization in T lymphocyte secretory granule

maintenance of protease location in T cell secretory granule

A process in which a protease is maintained in a secretory granule in a T cell and prevented from moving elsewhere. [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb]


granzyme B localization in T lymphocyte secretory granule

granzyme B localization in T-lymphocyte secretory granule

granzyme B localization in T cell secretory granule

granzyme B localization in T-cell secretory granule

granzyme B localisation in T cell secretory granule

granzyme B localization to T cell secretory granule

Any process in which the protease granzyme B is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a secretory granule in a T cell. [GOC:mah]


establishment of granzyme B localization in T-cell secretory granule

establishment of granzyme B localisation in T cell secretory granule

establishment of granzyme B localization in T-lymphocyte secretory granule

establishment of granzyme B localization in T lymphocyte secretory granule

establishment of granzyme B localization in T cell secretory granule

establishment of granzyme B localization to T cell secretory granule

The directed movement of the protease granzyme B to a location within a secretory granule in a T cell. [GOC:mah]


T-lymphocyte secretory granule storage of granzyme B


maintenance of granzyme B localization in T-cell secretory granule

maintenance of granzyme B localization in T cell secretory granule

maintenance of granzyme B localization in T-lymphocyte secretory granule

maintenance of granzyme B localization in T lymphocyte secretory granule

maintenance of granzyme B location in T cell secretory granule

A process in which the protease granyme B is maintained in a secretory granule in a T cell and prevented from moving elsewhere. [GOC:mah]


geranyl diphosphate metabolism
geranyldiphosphate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving geranyl diphosphate, the universal precursor of the monoterpenes. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5122]


geranyl diphosphate formation
geranyl diphosphate synthesis
geranyl diphosphate biosynthesis
geranyldiphosphate biosynthetic process
geranyl diphosphate anabolism

geranyl diphosphate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of geranyl diphosphate. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5122]


geranylgeranyl diphosphate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving geranylgeranyl diphosphate, a polyprenol compound involved in the biosynthesis of a variety of terpenoids including chlorophylls, carotenoids, tocopherols, plastoquinones, and the plant hormones gibberellins. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5120]


geranylgeranyl diphosphate biosynthesis
geranylgeranyl diphosphate formation
geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthesis
geranylgeranyl diphosphate anabolism

geranylgeranyl diphosphate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of geranylgeranyl diphosphate. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5120]


putrescine anabolism from ornithine
putrescine formation from ornithine
putrescine biosynthesis from ornithine
putrescine synthesis from ornithine

putrescine biosynthetic process from ornithine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of putrescine, 1,4-diaminobutane by decarboxylation of ornithine. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-46]


putrescine anabolism from arginine
putrescine synthesis from arginine
putrescine formation from arginine
putrescine biosynthesis from arginine

putrescine biosynthetic process from arginine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of putrescine, 1,4-diaminobutane, from other compounds, including arginine. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-46]


putrescine biosynthesis from arginine, using agmatinase

putrescine formation from arginine, using agmatinase

putrescine anabolism from arginine, using agmatinase

putrescine synthesis from arginine, using agmatinase

putrescine biosynthetic process from arginine, using agmatinase

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of putrescine, 1,4-diaminobutane, from other compounds, including arginine; in this pathway, arginine is converted to agmatine, and agmatine is converted to putrescine in a single enzymatic step. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-40]


putrescine anabolism from arginine via N-carbamoylputrescine

putrescine biosynthesis from arginine via N-carbamoylputrescine

putrescine formation from arginine via N-carbamoylputrescine

putrescine synthesis from arginine via N-carbamoylputrescine

putrescine biosynthetic process from arginine via N-carbamoylputrescine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of putrescine, 1,4-diaminobutane, from other compounds, including arginine, via the intermediate N-carbamoylputrescine; in this pathway, arginine is converted to agmatine, and agmatine is converted to putrescine in two single enzymatic steps. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-43]


A ribonucleoprotein complex found in the cytoplasm of male germ cells, composed of exceedingly thin filaments that are consolidated into a compact mass or into dense strands of varying thickness that branch to form an irregular network. Contains mRNAs, miRNAs, and protein components involved in miRNA processing (such as Argonaute proteins and the endonuclease Dicer) and in RNA decay (such as the decapping enzyme DCP1a and GW182). [PMID:17183363]


homogalacturonan catabolism
homogalacturonan breakdown
homogalacturonan degradation

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of homogalacturonan, a pectidic polymer, characterized by a backbone of 1,4-linked alpha-D-GalpA residues that can be methyl-esterified at C-6 and carry acetyl groups on O-2 and O-3. [GOC:mah]


beta-alanine synthesis via 1,3 diaminopropane

beta-alanine biosynthesis via 1,3 diaminopropane

beta-alanine anabolism via 1,3 diaminopropane

beta-alanine formation via 1,3 diaminopropane

beta-alanine biosynthetic process via 1,3 diaminopropane

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of beta-alanine via the intermediate 1,3 diaminopropane. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-3981]


beta-alanine synthesis via 3-hydroxypropionate

beta-alanine biosynthesis via 3-hydroxypropionate

beta-alanine formation via 3-hydroxypropionate

beta-alanine anabolism via 3-hydroxypropionate

beta-alanine biosynthetic process via 3-hydroxypropionate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of beta-alanine via the intermediate 3-hydroxypropionate. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-3941]


beta-alanine anabolism via 3-ureidopropionate

beta-alanine synthesis via 3-ureidopropionate

beta-alanine formation via 3-ureidopropionate

beta-alanine biosynthetic process via 3-ureidopropionate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of beta-alanine via the intermediate 3-ureidopropionate. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-3982]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving zeatin, 2-methyl-4-(9H-purin-6-ylamino)but-2-en-1-ol. [GOC:mah]


zeatin anabolism
zeatin synthesis
zeatin formation
zeatin biosynthesis

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of zeatin, 2-methyl-4-(9H-purin-6-ylamino)but-2-en-1-ol. [GOC:mah]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving cis-zeatin, (2Z)-2-methyl-4-(9H-purin-6-ylamino)but-2-en-1-ol. [GOC:mah]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving trans-zeatin, (2E)-2-methyl-4-(9H-purin-6-ylamino)but-2-en-1-ol. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a UUU codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a UUC codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a UUA codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a UUG codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a UCU codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a UCC codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a UCA codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a UCG codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a UAU codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a UAC codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a UAA codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a UAG codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a UGU codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a UGC codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a UGA codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a UGG codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a CUU codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a CUC codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a CUA codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a CUG codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a CCU codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a CCC codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a CCA codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a CCG codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a CAU codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a CAC codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a CAA codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a CAG codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a CGU codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a CGC codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a CGA codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a CGG codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes an AUU codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes an AUC codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes an AUA codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes an AUG codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes an ACU codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes an ACC codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes an ACA codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes an ACG codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes an AAU codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes an AAC codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes an AAA codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes an AAG codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes an AGU codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes an AGC codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes an AGA codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes an AGG codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a GUU codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a GUC codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a GUA codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a GUG codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a GCU codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a GCC codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a GCA codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a GCG codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a GAU codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a GAC codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a GAA codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a GAG codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a GGU codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a GGC codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a GGA codon. [GOC:mah]


A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a GGG codon. [GOC:mah]


cis-zeatin biosynthesis
cis-zeatin formation
cis-zeatin anabolism
cis-zeatin synthesis

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cis-zeatin, (2Z)-2-methyl-4-(9H-purin-6-ylamino)but-2-en-1-ol. [GOC:mah]


trans-zeatin synthesis
trans-zeatin biosynthesis
trans-zeatin formation
trans-zeatin anabolism

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of trans-zeatin, (2E)-2-methyl-4-(9H-purin-6-ylamino)but-2-en-1-ol. [GOC:mah]


CMP-keto-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving CMP-keto-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid, a substance composed of the acidic sugar 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid in glycosidic linkage with cytidine monophosphate. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5111]


CMP-keto-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of CMP-keto-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid, a substance composed of the acidic sugar 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid in glycosidic linkage with cytidine monophosphate. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5111]


GA12 metabolic process
gibberellin 12 metabolism
gibberellin A12 metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving gibberellin 12, (1R,2S,3S,4R,8S,9S,12R)-4,8-dimethyl-13-methylidenetetracyclo[10.2.1.01,9.03,8]pentadecane-2,4-dicarboxylic acid 1meta,4a-dimethyl-8-methylidene-4aalpha,4bbeta-gibbane-1alpha,10beta-dicarboxylic acid. [GOC:mah]


gibberellin 12 formation
gibberellin 12 anabolism
gibberellin 12 biosynthesis
gibberellin 12 synthesis
gibberellin A12 biosynthetic process
GA12 biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of gibberellin 12, (1R,2S,3S,4R,8S,9S,12R)-4,8-dimethyl-13-methylidenetetracyclo[10.2.1.01,9.03,8]pentadecane-2,4-dicarboxylic acid 1meta,4a-dimethyl-8-methylidene-4aalpha,4bbeta-gibbane-1alpha,10beta-dicarboxylic acid. [GOC:mah]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving GDP-L-galactose, a substance composed of L-galactose in glycosidic linkage with guanosine diphosphate. [GOC:mah]


GDP-L-galactose formation
GDP-L-galactose anabolism
GDP-L-galactose biosynthesis
GDP-L-galactose synthesis

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of GDP-L-galactose, a substance composed of L-galactose in glycosidic linkage with guanosine diphosphate. [GOC:mah]


indole acetic acid conjugate metabolic process

indoleacetic acid conjugate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving any indole-3-acetic acid conjugate, a form of indoleacetic acid covalently bound to another molecule. [GOC:mah]


indole acetic acid conjugate biosynthesis

indoleacetic acid conjugate biosynthesis

indole acetic acid conjugate biosynthetic process

indoleacetic acid conjugate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an indole-3-acetic acid conjugate, a form of indoleacetic acid covalently bound to another molecule. [GOC:mah]


indoleacetic acid amide conjugate biosynthesis

indole acetic acid amide conjugate biosynthetic process

indole acetic acid amide conjugate biosynthesis

indoleacetic acid amide conjugate synthesis

indoleacetic acid amide conjugate anabolism

IAA amide conjugate biosynthetic process

indoleacetic acid amide conjugate formation

indoleacetic acid amide conjugate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an indole-3-acetic acid amide conjugate, a form of indoleacetic acid covalently bound to an amino acid or polypeptide through an amide bond. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-1782]


indoleacetic acid ester conjugate synthesis

indoleacetic acid ester conjugate formation

indole acetic acid ester conjugate biosynthetic process

indoleacetic acid ester conjugate biosynthesis

indole acetic acid ester conjugate biosynthesis

IAA ester conjugate biosynthetic process

indoleacetic acid ester conjugate anabolism

indoleacetic acid ester conjugate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an indole-3-acetic acid amide conjugate, a form of indoleacetic acid covalently bound to an a sugar or polyol through an ester bond. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-1741]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving S-methyl-methionine (SMM). SMM can be converted to methionine by donating a methyl group to homocysteine, and concurrent operation of this reaction and that mediated by MMT sets up the SMM cycle. [GOC:mah, PMID:12692340]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving UDP-L-rhamnose, a substance composed of rhamnose in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate. [GOC:mah, PMID:15134748]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving UDP-D-galacturonate, a substance composed of galacturonic acid in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate. [GOC:mah]


UDP-D-galacturonate biosynthesis
UDP-D-galacturonate synthesis
UDP-D-galacturonate anabolism
UDP-D-galacturonate formation

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of UDP-D-galacturonate, a substance composed of galacturonic acid in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate. [GOC:mah]


galacturonate anabolism
galacturonate synthesis
galacturonate formation
galacturonate biosynthesis

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of galacturonate, the anion of galacturonic acid. [GOC:mah]


D-galacturonate formation
D-galacturonate synthesis
D-galacturonate anabolism
D-galacturonate biosynthesis

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of D-galacturonate, the D-enantiomer of galacturonate, the anion of galacturonic acid. [GOC:jsg, GOC:mah]


A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of a gas within an organism or cell. [GOC:mah]


A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of nitric oxide within an organism or cell. [GOC:mah]


cyanidin 3-O-glucoside formation
cyanidin 3-O-glucoside synthesis
cyanidin 3-O-glucoside biosynthesis
cyanidin 3-O-glucoside anabolism

cyanidin 3-O-glucoside biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cyanidin 3-O-glucoside, a basic anthocyanin responsible for red to magenta coloration of flowers and fruits. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5125]


delphinidin 3-O-glucoside biosynthesis
delphinidin 3-O-glucoside synthesis
delphinidin 3-O-glucoside formation
delphinidin 3-O-glucoside anabolism

delphinidin 3-O-glucoside biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of delphinidin 3-O-glucoside, a basic, water-soluble anthocyanin responsible for blue coloration of flowers and fruits. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5153]


pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside anabolism
pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside synthesis
pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside formation
pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside biosynthesis

pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside, a basic anthocyanin responsible for red to magenta coloration of flowers and fruits. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5125]


cholesterol formation via 24,25-dihydrolanosterol

cholesterol biosynthesis via 24,25-dihydrolanosterol

cholesterol synthesis via 24,25-dihydrolanosterol

cholesterol anabolism via 24,25-dihydrolanosterol

cholesterol biosynthetic process via 24,25-dihydrolanosterol

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3 beta-ol, via the intermediate 24,25-dihydrolanosterol. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY66-3]


cholesterol biosynthesis via desmosterol

cholesterol biosynthetic process via desmosterol

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3 beta-ol, via the intermediate desmosterol. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY66-4]


cholesterol biosynthesis via lathosterol

cholesterol biosynthetic process via lathosterol

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3 beta-ol, via the intermediate lathosterol. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY66-341]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving coniferin, 4-(3-hydroxyprop-1-en-1-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-116]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving esculetin, 6,7-dihydroxycoumarin. [GOC:mah]


esculetin biosynthesis
esculetin formation
esculetin anabolism
esculetin synthesis

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of esculetin, 6,7-dihydroxycoumarin. [GOC:mah]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving ferulate, (2E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate. [GOC:mah]


ferulate synthesis
ferulate anabolism
ferulate biosynthesis
ferulate formation

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ferulate, (2E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate. [GOC:mah]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving sinapate, (2E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate. [GOC:mah]


sinapate anabolism
sinapate synthesis
sinapate formation
sinapate biosynthesis

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sinapate, (2E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate. [GOC:mah]


galactose breakdown via D-galactonate
galactose catabolism via D-galactonate
galactose degradation via D-galactonate

galactose catabolic process via D-galactonate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of galactose, via the intermediate D-galactonate. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:GALDEG-PWY]


galactose breakdown via UDP-galactose
galactose degradation via UDP-galactose
galactose catabolism via UDP-galactose

galactose catabolic process via UDP-galactose

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of galactose, via the intermediate UDP-galactose. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-3821]


A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of a carbohydrate within an organism or cell. [GOC:mah]


A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of galactose within an organism or cell. [GOC:mah]


A cellular homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of galactose within a cell or between a cell and its external environment. [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb]


A ubiquitin ligase complex that contains two RING finger proteins, which have ubiquitin ligase activity, in addition to a protein with ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme activity; catalyzes the ubiquitination of histone H2B at lysine 119 (or the equivalent residue). In Schizosaccharomyces the subunits are Rhp6, Shf1, Brl2/Rfp1 and Brl1/Rfp2. [GOC:mah, PMID:17363370, PMID:17374714]


The progression of the floor plate over time from its initial formation until its mature state. [GOC:dh]


The process in which the anatomical structure of the floor plate is generated and organized. [GOC:dh]


glucosinolate anabolism from homomethionine

glucosinolate biosynthesis from homomethionine

glucosinolate synthesis from homomethionine

glucosinolate formation from homomethionine

glucosinolate biosynthetic process from homomethionine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucosinolates from other compounds including homomethionine. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-1187]


glucosinolate anabolism from phenylalanine

glucosinolate biosynthesis from phenylalanine

glucosinolate formation from phenylalanine

glucosinolate synthesis from phenylalanine

glucosinolate biosynthetic process from phenylalanine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucosinolates from other compounds including phenylalanine. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-2821]


glutamate breakdown to butyrate
glutamate degradation to butyrate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate into other compounds, including butyrate. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5087]


glutamate degradation to propionate
glutamate breakdown to propionate

glutamate catabolic process to propionate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate into other compounds, including propionate. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5088]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving luteolin, 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one. [GOC:mah]


luteolin biosynthesis
luteolin formation
luteolin synthesis
luteolin anabolism

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of luteolin, 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one. [GOC:mah]


L-lysine breakdown to acetyl-CoA via saccharopine

L-lysine degradation to acetyl-CoA via saccharopine

L-lysine catabolic process to acetyl-CoA via saccharopine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-lysine into other compounds, including acetyl-CoA, via the intermediate saccharopine. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:LYSINE-DEG1-PWY]


L-lysine breakdown to acetyl-CoA via 5-aminopentanamide

L-lysine degradation to acetyl-CoA via 5-aminopentanamide

L-lysine catabolic process to acetyl-CoA via 5-aminopentanamide

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-lysine into other compounds, including acetyl-CoA, via the intermediate 5-aminopentanamide. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5280]


L-lysine breakdown to acetyl-CoA via L-pipecolate

L-lysine degradation to acetyl-CoA via L-pipecolate

L-lysine catabolic process to acetyl-CoA via L-pipecolate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-lysine into other compounds, including acetyl-CoA, via the intermediate L-pipecolate. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5283]


L-lysine breakdown using lysine 6-aminotransferase

L-lysine degradation using lysine 6-aminotransferase

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-lysine into other compounds, including alpha-aminoadipate; in this pathway, L-lysine is converted to 2-aminoadipate-6-semialdehyde by lysine 6-aminotransferase. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5298]

L-lysine catabolic process using lysine 6-aminotransferase


L-methionine anabolism from homoserine via O-phospho-L-homoserine and cystathionine

L-methionine synthesis from homoserine via O-phospho-L-homoserine and cystathionine

L-methionine formation from homoserine via O-phospho-L-homoserine and cystathionine

L-methionine biosynthetic process from homoserine via O-phospho-L-homoserine and cystathionine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-methionine from other compounds, including homoserine, via the intermediates O-phospho-L-homoserine and cystathionine. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-702]


myo-inositol hexakisphosphate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving phytic acid, myo-inositol hexakisphosphate, a regulator of intracellular signaling, a highly abundant animal anti-nutrient and a phosphate and mineral storage compound in plant seeds. [PMID:16107538]


The process of removing one or more phosphate group from myo-inositol hexakisphosphate. [GOC:mah]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving phytyl diphosphate, (2E)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadec-2-en-1-yl trihydrogen diphosphate. [GOC:mah]


phytol anabolism
phytol formation
phytol synthesis
phytol biosynthesis

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phytol, (2E,7R,11R)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadec-2-en-1-ol. [GOC:mah]


phytyl diphosphate synthesis
phytyl diphosphate formation
phytyl diphosphate biosynthesis
phytyl diphosphate anabolism

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phytyl diphosphate, (2E)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadec-2-en-1-yl trihydrogen diphosphate. [GOC:mah]


The modification of histone H2A by addition of one or more ubiquitin groups. [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, PMID:15509584, PMID:16473935, PMID:18430235]


The modification of histone H2B by addition of ubiquitin groups. [GOC:mah]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving ester derivatives of sinapate, (2E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate. [GOC:mah]


sinapate ester anabolism
sinapate ester formation
sinapate ester synthesis
sinapate ester biosynthesis

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ester derivates of sinapate, (2E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate. [GOC:mah]


tetrapyrrole biosynthesis from glutamate

tetrapyrrole biosynthetic process from glutamate

The chemical reactions and pathways leading to the formation of tetrapyrroles, natural pigments containing four pyrrole rings joined by one-carbon units linking position 2 of one pyrrole ring to position 5 of the next, from other compounds, including L-glutamate. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5188]


tetrapyrrole formation from glycine and succinyl-CoA

tetrapyrrole synthesis from glycine and succinyl-CoA

tetrapyrrole biosynthesis from glycine and succinyl-CoA

tetrapyrrole anabolism from glycine and succinyl-CoA

tetrapyrrole biosynthetic process from glycine and succinyl-CoA

The chemical reactions and pathways leading to the formation of tetrapyrroles, natural pigments containing four pyrrole rings joined by one-carbon units linking position 2 of one pyrrole ring to position 5 of the next, from other compounds, including glycine and succinyl-CoA. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5189]


A cyclic series of interconversions involving S-methyl-L-methionine, S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine, S-adenosyl-L-methionine, L-homocysteine, and L-methionine. Converts the methionine group of adenosylmethionine back to free methionine, and may serve regulate the cellular adenosylmethionine level. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5441]


raffinose synthesis
raffinose formation
raffinose anabolism
raffinose biosynthesis

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of raffinose, the trisaccharide beta-D-fructofuranosyl alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside. [GOC:mah]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving raffinose, the trisaccharide beta-D-fructofuranosyl alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside. [GOC:mah]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving stachyose, the tetrasaccharide beta-D-fructofuranosyl alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside. [GOC:mah]


stachyose anabolism
stachyose biosynthesis
stachyose synthesis
stachyose formation

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of stachyose, the tetrasaccharide beta-D-fructofuranosyl alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside. [GOC:mah]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving verbascose, the pentasaccharide beta-D-fructofuranosyl alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:CPD-8065]


verbascose formation
verbascose biosynthesis
verbascose synthesis
verbascose anabolism

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of verbascose, the pentasaccharide beta-D-fructofuranosyl alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:CPD-8065]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving ajugose, the hexasaccharide beta-D-fructofuranosyl alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:CPD-8066]


ajugose formation
ajugose biosynthesis
ajugose anabolism
ajugose synthesis

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ajugose, the hexasaccharide beta-D-fructofuranosyl alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:CPD-8066]


ajugose formation using galactinol:raffinose galactosyltransferase

ajugose anabolism using galactinol:raffinose galactosyltransferase

ajugose biosynthesis using galactinol:raffinose galactosyltransferase

ajugose synthesis using galactinol:raffinose galactosyltransferase

ajugose biosynthetic process using galactinol:raffinose galactosyltransferase

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ajugose, the hexasaccharide beta-D-fructofuranosyl alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside, by a pathway in which galactinol:raffinose galactosyltransferase catalyzes chain elongation by transferring the alpha-galactosyl residue of galactinol to the oligosaccharide. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5342]


ajugose synthesis using galactan:galactan galactosyltransferase

ajugose formation using galactan:galactan galactosyltransferase

ajugose biosynthesis using galactan:galactan galactosyltransferase

ajugose anabolism using galactan:galactan galactosyltransferase

ajugose biosynthetic process using galactan:galactan galactosyltransferase

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ajugose, the hexasaccharide beta-D-fructofuranosyl alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside, by a pathway in which galactan:galactan galactosyltransferase catalyzes chain elongation by transferring the alpha-galactosyl residue of one raffinose-family oligosaccharide to another. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5343]


fatty acid beta-oxidation using acyl-CoA dehydrogenase

A fatty acid beta-oxidation pathway in which the initial step of each oxidation cycle, which converts an acyl-CoA to a trans-2-enoyl-CoA, is catalyzed by acyl-CoA dehydrogenase; the electrons removed by oxidation pass through the respiratory chain to oxygen and leave H2O as the product. Fatty acid beta-oxidation begins with the addition of coenzyme A to a fatty acid, and ends when only two or three carbons remain (as acetyl-CoA or propionyl-CoA respectively). [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:FAO-PWY, MetaCyc:PWY-5136]


fatty acid beta-oxidation using acyl-CoA oxidase

A fatty acid beta-oxidation pathway in which the initial step, which converts an acyl-CoA to a trans-2-enoyl-CoA, is catalyzed by acyl-CoA oxidase; the electrons removed by oxidation pass directly to oxygen and produce hydrogen peroxide, which is cleaved by peroxisomal catalases. Fatty acid beta-oxidation begins with the addition of coenzyme A to a fatty acid, and ends when only two or three carbons remain (as acetyl-CoA or propionyl-CoA respectively). [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5136]


fatty acid beta-oxidation, unsaturated, odd number

A fatty acid beta-oxidation pathway by which fatty acids having cis-double bonds on odd-numbered carbons are degraded. In this pathway, a cis-3-enoyl-CoA is generated by the core beta-oxidation pathway, and then converted to a trans-2-enoyl-CoA, which can return to the core beta-oxidation pathway for complete degradation. Fatty acid beta-oxidation begins with the addition of coenzyme A to a fatty acid, and ends when only two or three carbons remain (as acetyl-CoA or propionyl-CoA respectively). [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5137]


fatty acid beta-oxidation, unsaturated, even number

A fatty acid beta-oxidation pathway by which fatty acids having cis-double bonds on even-numbered carbons are degraded. Fatty acid beta-oxidation begins with the addition of coenzyme A to a fatty acid, and ends when only two or three carbons remain (as acetyl-CoA or propionyl-CoA respectively). [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5138]


fatty acid beta-oxidation, unsaturated, even number, reductase/isomerase pathway

A fatty acid beta-oxidation pathway by which fatty acids having cis-double bonds on even-numbered carbons are degraded. In this pathway, the intermediate 2,4-dienoyl-CoA is converted to trans-2-enoyl-CoA by 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase and delta3-delta2-enoyl-CoA isomerase; trans-2-enoyl-CoA returns to the core beta-oxidation pathway for further degradation. Fatty acid beta-oxidation begins with the addition of coenzyme A to a fatty acid, and ends when only two or three carbons remain (as acetyl-CoA or propionyl-CoA respectively). [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5138]


fatty acid beta-oxidation, unsaturated, even number, epimerase pathway

A fatty acid beta-oxidation pathway by which fatty acids having cis-double bonds on even-numbered carbons are degraded. In this pathway, the intermediate 2,4-dienoyl-CoA is converted to cis-2-enoyl-CoA through one more cycle of the core beta-oxidation pathway. Cis-2-enoyl-CoA cannot be completely degraded via the core beta-oxidation pathway because hydratation of cis-2-enoyl-CoA yields D-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA, which is not a substrate for 3-hydroxylacyl-CoA dehydrogenase. Cis-2-enoyl-CoA must enter the so-called epimerase pathway, which involves converting D-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA to L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA by 3-hydroxylacyl-CoA epimerase or by two stereo-specific enoyl-CoA hydratases. L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA then returns to the core beta-oxidation pathway. Fatty acid beta-oxidation begins with the addition of coenzyme A to a fatty acid, and ends when only two or three carbons remain (as acetyl-CoA or propionyl-CoA respectively). [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5138]


myo-inositol hexakisphosphate synthesis, lipid-dependent

phytate biosynthetic process, lipid-dependent

myo-inositol hexakisphosphate formation, lipid-dependent

myo-inositol hexakisphosphate anabolism, lipid-dependent

myo-inositol hexakisphosphate biosynthesis, lipid-dependent

myo-inositol hexakisphosphate biosynthetic process, lipid-dependent

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 1D-myo-inositol 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakisphosphate, phytate, by a pathway using inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate produced from phosphatidylinositol 4,5-biphosphate hydrolysis by phospholipase C. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-6555]


phytate biosynthesis, via inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate

myo-inositol hexakisphosphate biosynthesis, via inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate

myo-inositol hexakisphosphate formation, via inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate

myo-inositol hexakisphosphate synthesis, via inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate

phytate biosynthetic process, via inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate

myo-inositol hexakisphosphate anabolism, via inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate

myo-inositol hexakisphosphate biosynthetic process, via inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 1D-myo-inositol 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakisphosphate, phytate, by a pathway using inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate produced from phosphatidylinositol 4,5-biphosphate hydrolysis by phospholipase C; in this pathway, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate is first converted to inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate, and then phosphorylated further. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-6554]


myo-inositol hexakisphosphate synthesis, lipid-independent

myo-inositol hexakisphosphate biosynthesis, lipid-independent

myo-inositol hexakisphosphate formation, lipid-independent

myo-inositol hexakisphosphate anabolism, lipid-independent

phytate biosynthetic process, lipid-independent

myo-inositol hexakisphosphate biosynthetic process, lipid-independent

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phytic acid, myo-inositol hexakisphosphate, by the successively phosphorylation of myo-inositol or an inositol trisphosphate; the inositol trisphosphates that may be used by this pathway are inositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate and inositol 3,4,6trisphosphate. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-4661]


tyrosine-specific MAP kinase phosphatase activity

MAP kinase tyrosine phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: MAP kinase tyrosine phosphate + H2O = MAP kinase tyrosine + phosphate. [GOC:mah]


A protein complex required for clamping microtubule binding sites, ensuring orientation of sister kinetochores to the same pole (mono-orientation) during meiosis I. In the yeast S. cerevisiae this complex consists of Csm1p, Lrs4p, Hrr25p and Mam1p; in S. pombe Psc1 and Mde4 have been identified as subunits. [GOC:mah, GOC:rb, PMID:17627824]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vitamin B3 stimulus. [GOC:sl]


A region of heterochromatin located at the rDNA repeats in a chromosome. [GOC:mah, PMID:20661445]


multicellular organismal response to stress

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a multicellular organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. The stress is usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation). [GOC:mah]


dolichyl pyrophosphate Man7GlcNAc2 alpha-1,3-glucosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the addition of a glucose residue to the lipid-linked oligosaccharide precursor for N-linked glycosylation; the transfer of glucose from dolichyl phosphate glucose (Dol-P-Glc) on to the lipid-linked oligosaccharide Man(7)GlcNAc(2)-PP-Dol. [GOC:mah, PMID:10336995]


A heterodimeric protein complex that possesses an endonuclease activity that specifically cleaves certain types of branched DNA structures; because such structures often form during the replication ribosomal DNA (rDNA) repeats, the complex plays a role in the maintenance of rDNA. The subunits are known as Slx1 and Slx 4 in budding and fission yeasts, and are conserved in eukaryotes. [PMID:14528010, PMID:16467377]


Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + N6-acetyl-L-lysyl-[protein] = acetate + L-lysyl-[protein]. [PMID:27296530, RHEA:58108]


unsaturated fatty acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving an unsaturated fatty acid, any fatty acid containing one or more double bonds between carbon atoms. [GOC:mah]


Catalysis of the reaction: 7,8-dihydrofolate + NADP+ = folate + NADPH + H+. [GOC:pde]


A process that modulates the rate or extent of water loss from an organism via the skin. [GOC:mah]


cotranscriptional gene silencing by small RNA

co-transcriptional gene silencing by small RNA

small RNA-mediated cotranscriptional gene silencing

co-transcriptional gene silencing by RNA interference machinery

A process in which the RNAi machinery mediates the degradation of nascent transcripts in association with chromatin. [GOC:mah, GOC:vw, PMID:17512405, PMID:21151114, PMID:22431512]


dorsal/ventral axon pathfinding
dorsal-ventral axon guidance
dorsoventral axon guidance

The process in which the migration of an axon growth cone is directed to a specific target site along the dorsal-ventral body axis in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues. The dorsal/ventral axis is defined by a line that runs orthogonal to both the anterior/posterior and left/right axes. The dorsal end is defined by the upper or back side of an organism. The ventral end is defined by the lower or front side of an organism. [GOC:dph, GOC:kmv, GOC:tb]


anterior-posterior axon guidance
anterior/posterior axon pathfinding

The process in which the migration of an axon growth cone is directed to a specific target site along the anterior-posterior body axis in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues. The anterior-posterior axis is defined by a line that runs from the head or mouth of an organism to the tail or opposite end of the organism. [GOC:dph, GOC:kmv, GOC:tb]


Hrs/STAM complex location
Vps27p-Hse1p complex location
Hrs/STAM complex
Vps27p-Hse1p complex
ESCRT-0 complex location

A protein complex required for the recycling of Golgi proteins, formation of lumenal membranes and sorting of ubiquitinated proteins into those membranes. This complex includes Vps1p and Hse1p in yeast and the Hrs and STAM proteins in mammals. [GOC:rb, PMID:12055639, PMID:17543868]


establishment and maintenance of gamma-tubulin complex localization

Any process in which a gamma-tubulin complex is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location. [GOC:mah]


DNA replication, Okazaki fragment processing

The DNA metabolic process, occurring during lagging strand synthesis, by which RNA primers are removed from Okazaki fragments, the resulting gaps filled by DNA polymerization, and the ends ligated to form a continuous strand. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716720094]


Combining with lactoferrin and delivering lactoferrin into the cell via endocytosis. Lactoferrin is an iron-binding glycoprotein which binds ferric iron most efficiently at low pH. [GOC:bf, GOC:mlg, PMID:16261254]


lactoferrin transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of lactoferrin from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:mlg]


The directed movement of lactoferrin into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:mlg]


The directed movement of transferrin into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:mlg]


high-affinity iron permease complex location

high affinity iron permease complex location

A protein complex composed of a multicopper ferroxidase that oxidizes Fe(II) to Fe(III), and a ferric iron permease that transports the produced Fe(III) into the cell. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations. [GOC:jp, PMID:16522632, PMID:8599111]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a testosterone stimulus. [GOC:sl]


The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding the rhabdomere. [GOC:mah]


tyrosine synthesis from chorismate via L-arogenate

tyrosine formation from chorismate via L-arogenate

tyrosine anabolism from chorismate via L-arogenate

tyrosine biosynthetic process from chorismate via L-arogenate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tyrosine from other compounds, including chorismate, via the intermediate L-arogenate. [GOC:mah]


L-phenylalanine anabolism from chorismate via phenylpyruvate

L-phenylalanine synthesis from chorismate via phenylpyruvate

L-phenylalanine biosynthesis from chorismate via phenylpyruvate

L-phenylalanine formation from chorismate via phenylpyruvate

L-phenylalanine biosynthetic process from chorismate via phenylpyruvate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-phenylalanine from other compounds, including chorismate, via the intermediate phenylpyruvate. [GOC:go_curators]


L-phenylalanine anabolism from chorismate via L-arogenate

L-phenylalanine synthesis from chorismate via L-arogenate

L-phenylalanine biosynthesis from chorismate via L-arogenate

L-phenylalanine formation from chorismate via L-arogenate

L-phenylalanine biosynthetic process from chorismate via L-arogenate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-phenylalanine from other compounds, including chorismate, via the intermediate L-arogenate. [GOC:go_curators]


A heterohexameric protein complex composed two discrete heterotrimeric subcomplexes that is involved in modification of wobble nucleosides in tRNA. [GOC:bhm, GOC:jh, GOC:mah, GOC:vw, PMID:11435442, PMID:11689709, PMID:15769872, PMID:17018299, PMID:18755837, PMID:23165209]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cobalamin (vitamin B12) stimulus. [GOC:sl]


response to L-ascorbate
response to vitamin C

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C) stimulus. [GOC:sl]


An activity that facilitates the formation of a complementary double-stranded RNA molecule. [GOC:mah, PMID:7543843]


A heterodimeric protein complex formed of BRCA2 and MAGE-D1; may mediate the synergistic activities of the two proteins in regulating cell growth. [PMID:15930293]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hydroxyisoflavone stimulus. [GOC:mah]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a genistein stimulus. [GOC:mah]


tuberin-hamartin complex location
TSC1-TSC2 complex
tuberin-hamartin complex
TSC1-TSC2 complex location
tuberous sclerosis complex location

A protein complex consisting of at least tumerin and hamartin; its formation may regulate hamartin homomultimer formation. The complex acts as a GTPase activating protein (GAP) for the small GTPase (Rheb), and inhibits the TOR signaling pathway. [PMID:10585443, PMID:17121544, PMID:9580671]


mitotic checkpoint complex
mitotic checkpoint complex location

A multiprotein complex that functions as a mitotic checkpoint inhibitor of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C). In budding yeast this complex consists of Mad2p, Mad3p, Bub3p and Cdc20p, and in mammalian cells it consists of MAD2, BUBR1, BUB3, and CDC20. [PMID:10704439, PMID:11535616, PMID:11726501, PMID:17650307]


mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of mammary gland epithelial cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. Mammary gland epithelial cells make up the covering of surfaces of the mammary gland. The mammary gland is a large compound sebaceous gland that in female mammals is modified to secrete milk. [GOC:dph, GOC:mah]


regulation of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation. [GOC:mah]


down regulation of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation

downregulation of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation

down-regulation of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation

negative regulation of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation. [GOC:mah]


inhibition of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation


up regulation of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation

upregulation of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation

up-regulation of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation

positive regulation of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation. [GOC:mah]


activation of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation


stimulation of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation


downregulation of dopamine secretion
down-regulation of dopamine secretion
down regulation of dopamine secretion

negative regulation of dopamine secretion

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of dopamine. [GOC:sl]


up regulation of dopamine secretion
upregulation of dopamine secretion
up-regulation of dopamine secretion

positive regulation of dopamine secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of dopamine. [GOC:sl]


down regulation of catecholamine secretion

downregulation of catecholamine secretion

down-regulation of catecholamine secretion

negative regulation of catecholamine secretion

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a catecholamine. [GOC:mah]


up-regulation of catecholamine secretion

up regulation of catecholamine secretion

positive regulation of catecholamine secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a catecholamine. [GOC:mah]


chemokine receptor translocation within membrane

chemokine receptor transport within lipid bilayer

The directed movement of a chemokine receptor within a lipid bilayer. [GOC:mah]


A heterodimeric protein complex formed of superoxide dismutase 1 and Bcl-2. Complex formation is thought to link superoxide dismutase to an apoptotic pathway. [PMID:15233914, PMID:16790527]


formyl-CoA oxalate CoA-transferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: formyl-CoA + oxalate = formate + oxalyl-CoA. [EC:2.8.3.16, RHEA:16545]


oxalate metabolism
oxalic acid metabolic process
ethanedioic acid metabolic process
ethanedioate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving oxalate, the organic acid ethanedioate. [GOC:mlg]


oxalate synthesis
ethanedioate biosynthetic process
ethanedioic acid biosynthetic process
oxalate anabolism
oxalic acid biosynthetic process
oxalate biosynthesis
oxalate formation

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of oxalate, the organic acid ethanedioate. [GOC:mlg]


oxalate catabolism
ethanedioic acid catabolic process
oxalate degradation
oxalic acid catabolic process
oxalate breakdown
ethanedioate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of oxalate, the organic acid ethanedioate. [GOC:mlg]


receptor serine/threonine kinase binding

Binding to a receptor that possesses protein serine/threonine kinase activity. [GOC:mah]


transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase ligand binding


chloroplast proton-transporting ATP synthase complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a proton-transporting ATP synthase in the chloroplast thylakoid membrane. [GOC:mah]


mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a proton-transporting ATP synthase in the mitochondrial inner membrane. [GOC:mah]


plasma membrane proton-transporting ATP synthase complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a proton-transporting ATP synthase in the plasma membrane. [GOC:mah]


mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase complex assembly

mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV assembly

mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form respiratory chain complex IV (also known as cytochrome c oxidase) in the mitochondrial inner membrane. [GOC:mah]


mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase biogenesis


plasma membrane cytochrome c oxidase complex assembly

plasma membrane respiratory chain complex IV assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form respiratory chain complex IV (also known as cytochrome c oxidase) in the plasma membrane. [GOC:mah]


plasma membrane cytochrome c oxidase biogenesis


The proteolytic cleavage of a transmembrane protein leading to the release of its intracellular or ecto-domains. [GOC:pde]


Mei2 nuclear dot
Mei2 nuclear dot complex location
Mei2 dot

A ribonucleoprotein complex that forms during meiotic prophase in a fixed position in the horsetail nucleus; contains Mei2 and meiRNA. May play a role in the progression of meiosis I. [GOC:vw, PMID:12808043]


mRNA degradation, meiosis-specific transcripts

mRNA catabolism, meiosis-specific transcripts

mRNA breakdown, meiosis-specific transcripts

nuclear mRNA catabolic process, meiosis-specific transcripts

nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, meiosis-specific transcripts

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the selective degradation of meiosis-specific transcripts during vegetative growth, by a mechanism that requires determinant of selective removal (DSR) sequences in the targeted mRNAs and involves a YTH family protein. [PMID:16823445]


integrin complex assembly
integrin complex activation

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of an integrin, a heterodimeric adhesion receptor formed by the non-covalent association of particular alpha and beta subunits, that lead to the increased affinity of the integrin for its extracellular ligands. [GOC:add, PMID:12213832, PMID:14754902]


regulation of integrin complex activation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of integrin activation. [GOC:add]


negative regulation of integrin complex activation

negative regulation of integrin activation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of integrin activation. [GOC:add]


positive regulation of integrin complex activation

positive regulation of integrin activation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of integrin activation. [GOC:add]


cell surface receptor linked signal transduction leading to integrin complex activation

cell surface receptor linked signal transduction leading to integrin activation

positive regulation of integrin activation by cell surface receptor linked signal transduction

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of integrin activation by cell surface receptor linked signal transduction. This can occur by increased affinity of an integrin for its extracellular ligands. [GOC:add, PMID:12213832, PMID:14754902]


regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin complex

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of cell adhesion mediated by integrin. [GOC:add]


negative regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin complex

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of cell adhesion mediated by integrin. [GOC:add]


positive regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin complex

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of cell adhesion mediated by integrin. [GOC:add]


cell-cell adhesion mediated by integrin complex

The attachment of one cell to another cell via an integrin, a heterodimeric adhesion receptor formed by the non-covalent association of particular alpha and beta subunits. [GOC:add, PMID:12213832, PMID:14754902]


regulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by integrin complex

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of cell-cell adhesion mediated by integrin. [GOC:add]


negative regulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by integrin complex

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of cell-cell adhesion mediated by integrin. [GOC:add]


positive regulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by integrin complex

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of cell-cell adhesion mediated by integrin. [GOC:add]


modulation by symbiont of host response to abiotic stimulus

Any process in which an organism modulates a change in the state or activity of a host cell or organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an abiotic (non-living) stimulus. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [GOC:pamgo_curators]


modulation by symbiont of host response to thermal stimulus

modulation by symbiont of host response to temperature stimulus

Any process in which an organism modulates a change in state or activity of a host cell or organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a temperature stimulus. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [GOC:pamgo_curators]


modulation by symbiont of host response to cold

Any process in which an organism modulates a change in state or activity of a host cell or organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cold stimulus, a temperature stimulus below the optimal temperature for that organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [GOC:pamgo_curators]


modulation by symbiont of host response to heat

Any process in which an organism modulates a change in state or activity of a host cell or organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a heat stimulus, a temperature stimulus above the optimal temperature for that organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [GOC:pamgo_curators]


modulation by symbiont of host response to water

Any process in which an organism modulates a change in state or activity of a host cell or organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a water stimulus. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [GOC:pamgo_curators]


modulation by symbiont of host response to osmotic stress

Any process in which an organism modulates a change in state or activity of a host cell or organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of solutes outside the organism or cell. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [GOC:pamgo_curators]


modulation by symbiont of host response to pH

Any process in which an organism modulates a change in state or activity of a host cell or organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a pH stimulus. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [GOC:pamgo_curators]


modulation by symbiont of host response to gravitational stimulus

Any process in which an organism modulates a change in state or activity of a host cell or organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gravitational stimulus. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [GOC:pamgo_curators]


Any constituent part of a host cell. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [GOC:pamgo_curators]


Double layer of lipid molecules as it encloses host cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [GOC:pamgo_curators]


A collection of membranous structures involved in transport within the host cell. The main components of the endomembrane system are endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, vesicles, cell membrane and nuclear envelope. Members of the endomembrane system pass materials through each other or though the use of vesicles. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [GOC:pamgo_curators]


Any constituent part of the living contents of a host cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [GOC:pamgo_curators]


Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, occurring within the host cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton. Excludes the plasma membrane. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [GOC:pamgo_curators]


host intracellular membrane-enclosed organelle

host intracellular membrane-bounded organelle

Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, as found in host cells, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [GOC:pamgo_curators]


A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle as found in host cells that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cell cytoplasm. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [GOC:pamgo_curators]


Any member of a family of organelles as found in the cytoplasm of host cells, which are membrane-bounded and contain DNA. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [GOC:pamgo_curators]


A chlorophyll-containing plastid as found within host cells with thylakoids organized into grana and frets, or stroma thylakoids, and embedded in a stroma. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [GOC:pamgo_curators]


Any constituent part of a chloroplast as it is found in host cells and which are a chlorophyll-containing plastid with thylakoids organized into grana and frets, or stroma thylakoids, and embedded in a stroma. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [GOC:pamgo_curators]


host cell chloroplast thylakoid membrane

Any sac-like membranous structures (cisternae) in a chloroplast found in host cells, combined into stacks (grana) and present singly in the stroma (stroma thylakoids or frets) as interconnections between grana. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [GOC:pamgo_curators]


Any constituent part of the host cell cytoplasm, all of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [GOC:pamgo_curators]


modification by symbiont of host chloroplast

The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of host cell chloroplasts. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [GOC:pamgo_curators]


modification by symbiont of host chloroplast part

The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of a component of the host cell chloroplast. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [GOC:pamgo_curators]


modification by symbiont of host chloroplast thylakoid

The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of the host cell chloroplast thylakoid. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [GOC:pamgo_curators]


modification by symbiont of host mitochondrion

The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of host cell mitochondria. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [GOC:pamgo_curators]


down-regulation by symbiont of host gene-for-gene resistance

negative regulation by symbiont of host resistance gene-dependent defense response

downregulation by symbiont of pathogen-race/host plant cultivar-specific resistance in symbiont

down regulation by symbiont of defense response in host by specific elicitors

suppression by symbiont of host resistance gene-dependent defense response

Any process in which a symbiont stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the resistance gene-dependent defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [GOC:pamgo_curators]


inhibition by symbiont of host resistance gene-dependent defense response


down-regulation by organism of defense-related host oxidative burst

negative regulation by organism of defense-related host ROS production

down regulation by organism of defense-related host metabolic burst

downregulation by organism of defense-related host AOS production

negative regulation by organism of defense-related host ROI production

negative regulation by organism of defense-related host reactive oxygen intermediate production

negative regulation by symbiont of defense-related host reactive oxygen species production

negative regulation by organism of defense-related host reactive oxidative species production

negative regulation by organism of defense-related host respiratory burst

effector-mediated defense to host-produced reactive oxygen species

A process mediated by a molecule secreted by a symbiont that results in the suppression of reactive oxygen species produced by the host as part of its innate immune response. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [GOC:pamgo_curators]


inhibition by organism of defense-related host active oxygen species production