The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a pancreatic A cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A pancreatic A cell is a cell in the pancreas that secretes glucagon. [GOC:dph]


pancreatic beta cell development
pancreatic B cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a type B pancreatic cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A type B pancreatic cell is a cell located towards center of the islets of Langerhans that secretes insulin. [CL:0000169, GOC:dph]


The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a pancreatic delta cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A delta cell is a cell of the pancreas that produces somatostatin. [GOC:dph]


The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a pancreatic PP cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A pancreatic polypeptide-producing cell is a cell in the pancreas that produces pancreatic polypeptide. [GOC:dph]


The commitment of a cell to a pancreatic A cell and its capacity to differentiate into a pancreatic A cell. A pancreatic A cell is a cell in the pancreas that secretes glucagon. [GOC:dph]


The commitment of a cell to a type B pancreatic cell fate and its capacity to differentiate into a type B pancreatic cell. A type B pancreatic cell is a cell located towards center of the islets of Langerhans that secretes insulin. [CL:0000169, GOC:dph]


The commitment of a cell to a pancreatic D cell fate and its capacity to differentiate into a pancreatic D cell. A delta cell is a cell of the pancreas that produces somatostatin. [GOC:dph]


The commitment of a cell to a pancreatic PP cell fate and its capacity to differentiate into a pancreatic PP cell. A pancreatic polypeptide-producing cell is a cell in the pancreas that produces pancreatic polypeptide. [GOC:dph]


regulation of extracellular matrix constituent secretion

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the controlled release of molecules that form the extracellular matrix, including carbohydrates and glycoproteins by a cell or a group of cells. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


positive regulation of extracellular matrix constituent secretion

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the controlled release of molecules that form the extracellular matrix, including carbohydrates and glycoproteins by a cell or a group of cells. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


negative regulation of extracellular matrix constituent secretion

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent the controlled release of molecules that form the extracellular matrix, including carbohydrates and glycoproteins by a cell or a group of cells. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


The process in which an amino acid is transported across a membrane. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a keratinocyte over time, from its formation to the mature structure. [GOC:dph]


The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the corneocyte over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A corneocyte is the last stage of development of a keratinocyte where the keratinocyte flattens, loses its nucleus and eventually delaminates from the epidermis. [GOC:dph]


The delamination process that results in the shedding of a corneocyte from the surface of the epidermis. [GOC:dph]


metanephric mesenchyme to epithelial transition

mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in metanephros morphogenesis

A transition where a mesenchymal cell establishes apical/basolateral polarity,forms intercellular adhesive junctions, synthesizes basement membrane components and becomes an epithelial cell that will contribute to the shaping of the metanephros. [GOC:dph, GOC:yaf]


The process in which the anatomical structures of the metanephros are generated and organized. [GOC:dph, GOC:yaf]


regulation of mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in metanephros morphogenesis

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the transition where a mesenchymal cell establishes apical/basolateral polarity,forms intercellular adhesive junctions, synthesizes basement membrane components and becomes an epithelial cell that will contribute to the shaping of the metanephros. [GOC:dph]


negative regulation of mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in metanephros morphogenesis

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the transition where a mesenchymal cell establishes apical/basolateral polarity,forms intercellular adhesive junctions, synthesizes basement membrane components and becomes an epithelial cell that will contribute to the shaping of the metanephros. [GOC:dph, GOC:yaf]


cilium beating
microtubule-based flagellum movement

The directed, self-propelled movement of a cilium. [GOC:dph, GOC:jl]


The progression of the proepicardium from its formation to the mature structure. The proepicardium is an outpouching of the septum transversum. [GOC:dph, PMID:18722343]


The progression of the septum transversum from its initial formation to the mature structure. The septum transversum is a portion of the trunk mesenchyme. [GOC:dph, PMID:18722343]


The process in which the anatomical structure of the pericardium is generated and organized. [GOC:dph, PMID:18722343]


proepicardium cell migration involved in pericardium morphogenesis

The coordinated movement of a mesenchymal proepicardial cell to the surface of the developing heart. [GOC:dph, PMID:18722343]


epicardium-derived cell migration to the myocardium

The orderly movement of a cell that have undergone an epithelial to mesenchymal transition from the epicardium into the myocardium. [GOC:dph, PMID:18722343]


epicardial cell to mesenchymal cell transition

A transition where an epicardial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell. The epicardium is a part of the pericardium. [GOC:dph, PMID:18722343]


cardiac endothelial cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of a cardiac endothelial cell. [GOC:dph, PMID:18722343]


epicardium-derived cardiac endothelial cell differentiation

The process in which an epicardial cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of a cardiac endothelial cell. [GOC:dph, PMID:18722343]


The progression of the pulmonary myocardium over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. The pulmonary myocardium is the myocardial tissue present in the pulmonary vein. [GOC:dph, PMID:17638577]


regulation of microtubule-based flagellum movement

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of cilium movement, the directed, self-propelled movement of a cilium. [GOC:dph]


positive regulation of microtubule-based flagellum movement

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of cilium movement, the directed, self-propelled movement of a cilium. [GOC:dph]


negative regulation of microtubule-based flagellum movement

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of cilium movement, the directed, self-propelled movement of a cilium. [GOC:dph]


cilium movement involved in otolith formation

The directed, self-propelled movement of cilia of inner ear epithelial cells, resulting the aggregation of otolith seed particles. [GOC:dph, GOC:krc, PMID:19043402]


regulation of microtubule-based flagellum beat frequency

Any process that modulates the frequency of cilium movement, the directed, self-propelled movement of a cilium. [GOC:dph]


norepinephrine secreting neuron differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an noradrenergic neuron, a neuron that secretes noradrenaline. [GOC:dph]


norepinephrine secreting neuron development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a noradrenergic neuron over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. [GOC:dph]


norepinephrine secreting neuron fate commitment

The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a noradrenergic neuron. [GOC:dph]


The progression of the brainstem from its formation to the mature structure. The brainstem is the part of the brain that connects the brain with the spinal cord. [GOC:dph]


noradrenergic neuron differentiation involved in brainstem development

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an noradrenergic neuron that is part of the brainstem. [GOC:dph]


noradrenergic neuron fate commitment involved in brainstem development

The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a noradrenergic neuron that is part of the brainstem. [GOC:dph]


lamellipodium assembly involved in ameboidal cell migration

Formation of a lamellipodium, a thin sheetlike extension of the surface of a migrating cell that contributes to the directed self propelled movement of a cell. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


lamellipodium assembly involved in mesendodermal cell migration

Formation of a lamellipodium, a thin sheetlike extension of the surface of a migrating cell that contributes to the directed self-propelled movement of a mesendodermal cell. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


establishment of cell polarity involved in ameboidal cell migration

The specification and formation of anisotropic intracellular organization that contributes to the self-propelled directed movement of an ameboid cell. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


cell-matrix adhesion involved in ameboidal cell migration

The binding of a cell to the extracellular matrix that contributes to the directed movement of an ameboid cell. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


cell-cell adhesion involved in ameboidal cell migration

The attachment of one ameboid cell to another that contributes to the establishment of cell polarity that is part of the directed movement of one of the cells. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


cell-matrix adhesion involved in mesendodermal cell migration

The binding of a cell to the extracellular matrix that contributes to the directed movement of a mesendodermal cell. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


establishment of cell polarity involved in mesendodermal cell migration

The specification and formation of anisotropic intracellular organization that contributes to the self-propelled directed movement of a mesendodermal cell. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


cell-cell adhesion involved in mesendodermal cell migration

The attachment of mesendodermal cells to each other that contributes to the establishment of cell polarity that is part of the directed movement of the cells of the mesendoderm. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


establishment or maintenance of cytoskeleton polarity involved in ameboidal cell migration

Any cellular process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of polarized cytoskeletal structures that contribute to the cell polarity of a migrating ameboid cell. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


establishment or maintenance of cytoskeleton polarity involved in mesendodermal cell migration

Any cellular process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of polarized cytoskeletal structures that contribute to the cell polarity of a migrating mesendodermal cell. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


dynamin family protein polymerization involved in membrane fission

The process of creating dynamin family protein polymers, compounds composed of a large number of dynamin family protein monomers. Dynamin family protein polymers form around lipid tubes and contribute to membrane fission. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


dynamin family protein polymerization involved in mitochondrial fission

The process of creating dynamin protein family polymers, compounds composed of a large number of dynamin family monomers around a lipid tube of a dividing mitochondrion. Dynamin polymers form around lipid tubes and contribute to membrane fission. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


regulation of dynamin family protein polymerization involved in membrane fission

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of dynamin family protein polymerization involved in mitochondrial fission. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


sphingolipid signaling pathway
sphingolipid signalling pathway


establishment of cell polarity involved in gastrulation cell migration

The specification and formation of anisotropic intracellular organization that contributes to the self-propelled directed movement of an ameboid cell taking part in gastrulation. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


establishment or maintenance of cytoskeleton polarity involved in gastrulation

Any cellular process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of polarized cytoskeletal structures that contribute to the cell polarity of a migrating ameboid cell taking part in gastrulation. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


epithelial cell morphogenesis involved in gastrulation

The change in form that occurs when an epithelial cell progresses from it initial formation to its mature state, contributing to the process of gastrulation. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


The change in form that occurs when an epithelial cell progresses from its initial formation to its mature state. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


The actin-mediated process that results in the contraction of the apical end of a polarized columnar epithelial cell. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


apical constriction involved in gastrulation

The actin-mediated process that results in the contraction of the apical end of a polarized columnar epithelial cell, contributing to the process of gastrulation. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


cell-cell signalling involved in amphid sensory organ development

cell-cell signaling involved in amphid sensory organ development

Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another and contributes to the progression of an amphid sensory organ over time, from its formation to the mature state. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


The progression of the amphid sensory organ over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Amphid sensory organs are the sensory organs of nematodes. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


neuron differentiation involved in amphid sensory organ development

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuron that contributes to the progression of the amphid sensory gland. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


neuron development involved in amphid sensory organ development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron over time, that contributes to the development of the amphid sensory organ. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


The progression of a neuronal projection over time by the attachment of a part of the cell to an anchor and the subsequent migration of the cell body away from the anchor point. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


dendrite development by retrograde extension

The progression of a dendrite over time by the attachment of a part of the neuron to an anchor and the subsequent migration of the cell body away from the anchor point. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


amphid sensory organ dendrite retrograde extension

The progression of an amphid sensory organ's neuronal dendrite over time by the attachment of a part of the cell to an anchor and the subsequent migration of the cell body away from the anchor point. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


cell adhesion involved in retrograde extension

The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix that contributes to the process of retrograde extension. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


neuron migration involved in retrograde extension

The directed, self-propelled movement of a neuron that contributes to the process of retrograde extension. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


cell adhesion involved in dendrite retrograde extension

The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix that contributes to the process of retrograde extension of a dendrite. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


neuron migration involved in dendrite retrograde extension

The directed, self-propelled movement of a neuron that contributes to the process of retrograde extension of a dendrite. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


cell adhesion involved in amphid sensory organ dendrite retrograde extension

The directed, self-propelled movement of a neuron that contributes to the process of retrograde extension of a dendrite in a neuron of the amphid sensory organ. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


neuron migration involved in amphid sensory organ dendrite retrograde extension

The directed, self-propelled movement of a neuron that contributes to the process of retrograde extension of a dendrite of a neuron in the amphid sensory organ. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


glial cell differentiation involved in amphid sensory organ development

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a glial cell of the amphid sensory organ. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


The process in which the anatomical structures of a cytoneme are shaped. A cytoneme is a long, thin and polarized actin-based cytoplasmic extension that projects from a cell. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the addition of COPII proteins and adaptor proteins to ER membranes during the formation of transport vesicles, forming a vesicle coat. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:jp, GOC:tb]


The developmental growth that results in the elongation of a line that defines polarity or symmetry in an anatomical structure. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


planar cell polarity pathway involved in axis elongation

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where activated receptors signal to modulate cytoskeletal elements and control cell polarity that contributes to axis elongation. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the optic vesicle from the lateral wall of the forebrain. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the vesicle and ends when the vesicle has evaginated. The optic vesicle is the evagination of neurectoderm that precedes formation of the optic cup. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


The developmental process pertaining to the formation and shaping of the optic vesicle. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the vesicle and ends when the vesicle has evaginated. The optic vesicle is the evagination of neurectoderm that precedes formation of the optic cup. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


The developmental growth that results in the lengthening of the optic vesicle in the posterior direction. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


The progression of the retinal pigment epithelium over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. The retinal pigment epithelium is the melanin-containing layer of cells between the retina and the choroid that absorbs scattered and reflected light and removes waste products produced by the photoreceptor cells. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


The progression of the neural retina over time from its initial formation to the mature structure. The neural retina is the part of the retina that contains neurons and photoreceptor cells. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


optic cup formation involved in camera-type eye development

The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the optic cup, a two-walled vesicle formed from the optic vesicle. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


The process that contributes to creating the structural organization of the optic cup. This process pertains to the physical shaping of the rudimentary structure. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


A 90 degree-rotation of the optic cup resulting in its alignment with the anterior-posterior body axis. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


cell motility involved in camera-type eye morphogenesis

Any process involved in the controlled self-propelled movement of a cell that results in translocation of the cell from one place to another and contributes to the physical shaping or formation of the camera-type eye. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


establishment of epithelial cell apical/basal polarity involved in camera-type eye morphogenesis

The specification and formation of the apicobasal polarity of an epithelial cell that contributes to the shaping of a camera-type eye. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


chondrocyte differentiation involved in endochondral bone morphogenesis

The process in which a chondroblast acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a chondrocyte that will contribute to the development of a bone. A chondrocyte is a polymorphic cell that forms cartilage. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


chondrocyte morphogenesis involved in endochondral bone morphogenesis

The process in which the structures of a chondrocyte that will contribute to bone development are generated and organized. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


The growth of a chondrocyte, where growth contributes to the progression of the chondrocyte over time. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


The increase in size or mass of an endochondral bone that contributes to the shaping of the bone. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cartilage that will provide a scaffold for mineralization of endochondral bones as they elongate or grow. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


growth plate cartilage chondrocyte differentiation

The process in which a chondroblast acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a chondrocyte that will contribute to the growth of a bone. A chondrocyte is a polymorphic cell that forms cartilage. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


growth plate cartilage chondrocyte proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of chondrocytes in a growing endochondral bone, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


regulation of growth plate cartilage chondrocyte proliferation

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the multiplication or reproduction of chondrocytes in a growing endochondral bone, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


growth plate cartilage axis determination

growth plate cartilage axis specification

The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the columnar cartilage along the axis of a long bone that contributes to bone growth. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


The process in which the anatomical structures of growth plate cartilage are generated and organized. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


growth plate cartilage chondrocyte division

The process resulting in the oriented physical partitioning and separation of a chondrocytes in the growth plate. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


growth plate cartilage chondrocyte polarization

establishment of cell polarity involved in growth plate cartilage chondrocyte division

The cellular process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of anisotropic intracellular organization that results in the directional division of a growth plate cartilage chondrocyte. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


establishment of mitotic spindle orientation involved in growth plate cartilage chondrocyte division

A cell cycle process that sets the alignment of mitotic spindle relative to other cellular structures and contributes to oriented chondrocyte division in the growth plate. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


cytoskeleton polarization involved in growth plate cartilage chondrocyte division

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the polarization of cytoskeletal structures in a growth plate cartilage chondrocyte. This process results in the oriented division of the cell. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


regulation of cytoskeleton polarization involved in growth plate cartilage chondrocyte division by planar cell polarity pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a receptor on the surface of the target cell that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the polarization of cytoskeletal structures in a growth plate cartilage chondrocyte. This process results in the oriented division of the cell. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


chondrocyte intercalation involved in growth plate cartilage morphogenesis

The orderly movement of a chondrocyte from one site to another that contributes to the shaping of growth plate cartilage in an endochondral bone. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


growth plate cartilage chondrocyte morphogenesis

The process in which the structures of a chondrocyte in the growth plate cartilage are generated and organized. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


growth plate cartilage chondrocyte hypertrophy

growth plate cartilage chondrocyte growth

The growth of a growth plate cartilage chondrocyte, where growth contributes to the progression of the chondrocyte over time from one condition to another. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


growth plate cartilage chondrocyte development

The progression of a growth plate cartilage chondrocyte over time from after its fate commitment to the mature cell. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


cell growth involved in growth plate cartilage chondrocyte morphogenesis

The growth of a growth plate cartilage chondrocyte, where growth contributes to the shaping of the chondrocyte over time. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


chondrocyte development involved in endochondral bone morphogenesis

The progression of a chondrocyte over time from after its commitment to its mature state where the chondrocyte will contribute to the shaping of an endochondral bone. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


BMP signalling pathway involved in growth plate cartilage chondrocyte development

BMP signaling pathway involved in growth plate cartilage chondrocyte development

The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a member of the BMP (bone morphogenetic protein) family to a receptor on the surface of a target cell, which contributes to the progression of a growth plate cartilage chondrocyte over time. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


hedgehog signaling pathway involved in growth plate cartilage chondrocyte development

hh signaling pathway involved in growth plate cartilage chondrocyte development

smoothened signalling pathway involved in growth plate cartilage chondrocyte development

smoothened signaling pathway involved in growth plate cartilage chondrocyte development

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of activation of the transmembrane protein Smoothened that contributes to the progression of a growth plate cartilage chondrocyte over time. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


regulation of cell adhesion involved in growth plate cartilage morphogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of attachment of a cell to another cell or to the extracellular matrix and contributes to the shaping of the growth plate cartilage of an endochondral bone. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


regulation of cell communication involved in growth plate cartilage morphogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell communication that contributes to the shaping of the growth plate cartilage. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


juglone-sensitive cis-trans proline isomerase activity

juglone-sensitive peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity


ribosomal subunit transport from nucleus to cytoplasm

ribosomal subunit export from cell nucleus

The directed movement of a ribosomal subunit from the nucleus into the cytoplasm. [GOC:ai]


regulation of transcription involved in G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle

Any process that regulates transcription such that the target genes are involved in the transition between G1 and S phase of the mitotic cell cycle. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle]


pre-small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein complex location

A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains a precursor small nucleolar RNA (pre-snoRNA) and associated proteins, and forms during small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein complex (snoRNP) assembly. Pre-snoRNP complexes may contain proteins not found in the corresponding mature snoRNP complexes. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, GOC:rl, PMID:17636026, PMID:17709390]


NDC1 complex location
NDC1 subcomplex
NDC1 complex
NDC1 subcomplex location

A subcomplex of the nuclear pore complex (NPC) that spans the nuclear membrane and anchors the NPC to the nuclear envelope. In S. cerevisiae, the transmembrane ring is composed of Pom152p, Pom34p, and Ndc1p. In vertebrates, it is composed of Gp210, Ndc1, and Pom121. Components are arranged in 8-fold symmetrical 'spokes' around the central transport channel. A single 'spoke', can be isolated and is sometime referred to as the Ndc1 complex. [GOC:dgf, PMID:18046406, PMID:19524430, PMID:20947011, PMID:22419078]


Delta1 complex location
Delta1 homodimer complex
Delta1 homodimer complex location

A protein complex that consists of homodimer of the Notch ligand Delta1. [PMID:12794186]


A protein complex that is formed by the association of the Notch ligand Delta1 with the gamma-secretase complex. [PMID:12794186]


gamma-secretase complex (APH1B, PSEN1, PSENEN, NCSTN)

gamma-secretase complex location (APH1B, PSEN1, PSENEN, NCSTN)

gamma-secretase complex location (APH1A, PSEN2, PSENEN, NCSTN)

gamma-secretase complex location (APH1A, PSEN1, PSENEN, NCSTN variant)

gamma-secretase complex (APH1A, PSEN2, PSENEN, NCSTN)

gamma-secretase complex location (APH1B, PSEN2, PSENEN, NCSTN)

CD147-gamma-secretase complex (APH-1a, PS-1, PEN-2, NCT variant)

gamma-secretase complex (APH1B, PSEN2, PSENEN, NCSTN)

CD147-gamma-secretase complex location (APH-1a, PS-1, PEN-2, NCT variant)

gamma-secretase complex (APH1A, PSEN1, PSENEN, NCSTN variant)

A protein complex that has aspartic-type endopeptidase activity and contains a presenilin catalytic subunit (either PSEN1 or PSEN2), an APH1 subunit (multiple genes and splice variants exist), nicastrin (NCT), and presenilin enhancer (aka PEN-2 or Psenen), as the core complex. Variants of the complex with different subunit compositions differ in localization and specific substrates. Additionally, variants of the complex exist that contain a additional regulatory subunit as well as the four core subunits; known regulatory subunits include gamma-secretase-activating protein (aka gSAP), TMP1 (aka TMED10), and CD147 antigen (aka basigin). Gamma-secretase cleaves type I transmembrane protein substrates, including the cell surface receptor Notch and the amyloid-beta precursor protein. [GOC:krc, PMID:15286082, PMID:15890777, PMID:17047368, PMID:22122073, PMID:25565961, PMID:28320827, PMID:32616437]


SNARE complex location (Stx4, Napa, Vamp3, Nsf, Vamp2)

SNARE complex (Stx4, Napa, Vamp3, Nsf, Vamp2)

endobrevin-synaptobrevin 2-alpha-SNAP-NSF-syntaxin-4 complex location

A SNARE complex that contains endobrevin (VAMP8), synaptobrevin 2 (VAMP2), alpha-SNAP, NSF, and syntaxin 4 (or orthologs thereof). [PMID:8973549]


A protein complex that contains BRCA1 and Rad 51, and is involved in the control of recombination and of genome integrity. [GOC:mah, PMID:9008167]


synaptotagmin-synaptobrevin 2-SNAP-25-syntaxin-1a-syntaxin-1b-Unc13 complex location

SNARE complex (Snap25, Syt1, Unc13b, Vamp2, Stx1b2, Stx1a)

SNARE complex location (Snap25, Syt1, Unc13b, Vamp2, Stx1b2, Stx1a)

A SNARE complex that contains synaptotagmin, synaptobrevin 2 (VAMP2), SNAP-25, syntaxin 1a, syntaxin1b, and Unc13b (or orthologs thereof). [PMID:8999968]


alphaIIb-beta3 integrin-CIB complex location

A protein complex that consists of an alphaIIb-beta3 integrin complex bound to CIB, a protein that binds calcium as well as the alphaIIb-beta3 integrin. [PMID:9030514]


alphaIIb-beta3 integrin-CD47-FAK complex location

A protein complex that consists of an alphaIIb-beta3 integrin complex bound to the cell surface antigen CD47 and the kinase FAK. [PMID:9169439]


alphaIIb-beta3 integrin-CD47-Src complex location

A protein complex that consists of an alphaIIb-beta3 integrin complex bound to the cell surface antigen CD47 and the kinase c-Src. [PMID:9169439]


A class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex that contains a phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate 5-kinase subunit (Fab1p in yeast; PIKfyve in mammals), a kinase activator, and a phosphatase, and may also contain additional proteins; it is involved in regulating the synthesis and turnover of phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate. In mammals the complex is composed of PIKFYVE, FIG4 and VAC14. In yeast it is composed of Atg18p, Fig4p, Fab1p, Vac14p and Vac7p. [PMID:18950639, PMID:19037259, PMID:19158662]


protein-N-terminal glutamine amidohydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: protein-N-terminal-L-glutamine + H2O = protein-N-terminal-L-glutamate + NH3. This reaction is the deamidation of an N-terminal glutamine residue of a protein. [PMID:19560421]


Catalysis of the reaction: a phytoceramide + H2O = a fatty acid + phytosphingosine. [GOC:pde, PMID:11356846]


H3 histone acetyltransferase complex location

A multisubunit complex that catalyzes the acetylation of histone H3. [GOC:mah]


MOZ/MORF histone acetyltransferase complex location

A histone acetyltransferase complex that has histone H3 acetyltransferase and coactivator activities. Subunits of the human complex include MYST3/MOZ, MYST4/MORF, ING5, EAF6 and one of BRPF1, BRD1/BRPF2 and BRPF3. [PMID:18794358]


The directed movement of D-aspartate, the D-enantiomer of the anion of (2R)-2-aminobutanedioic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:mah, GOC:rph]


D-aspartate import into cell
D-aspartate uptake
D-aspartate import

D-aspartate import across plasma membrane

The directed import of D-aspartate from the extracellular region across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. [PMID:7914198]


Catalysis of the reaction: dihydrosphingosine 1-phosphate + H2O = dihydrosphingosine + phosphate. [GOC:pde, PMID:12815058]


response to vitamin H
response to coenzyme R
response to vitamin B7
response to Bios IIB

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a biotin stimulus. [GOC:sl]


phosphatidylserine exposure on apoptotic cell surface

A phospholipid scrambling process that results in the appearance of phosphatidylserine on the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane of an apoptotic cell, which acts as an 'eat-me' signal for engulfing cells. Phosphatidylserine is exposed on the apoptotic cell surface by a phospholipid scramblase activity. [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:rk, PMID:11536005]


growth of unicellular organism as a thread of attached cells

A filamentous growth process in which cells remain attached after division and form thread-like filaments that may penetrate into a solid growth medium such as an agar plate, exhibited by unicellular fungi under certain growth conditions. [GOC:mah, GOC:mcc]


regulation of growth of unicellular organism as a thread of attached cells

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the process in which cells remain attached after division and form thread-like filaments that may penetrate into a solid growth medium. [GOC:mah]


negative regulation of growth of unicellular organism as a thread of attached cells

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the process in which cells remain attached after division and form thread-like filaments that may penetrate into a solid growth medium. [GOC:mah]


positive regulation of growth of unicellular organism as a thread of attached cells

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the process in which cells remain attached after division and form thread-like filaments that may penetrate into a solid growth medium. [GOC:mah]


The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the conidiophore over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The conidiophore is a specialized hypha that extends aerially from the growth substrate and bears conidia, or asexual spores. [PMID:9529886]


The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the conidiophore stalk over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The conidiophore stalk is part of a specialized hypha that extends aerially from the growth substrate and supports structures from which conidia, or asexual spores, develop. [PMID:9529886]


The process whose specific outcome is the progression of metulae over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Metulae are elongated mononucleate cells that bud from the surface of the conidiophore tip. [PMID:9529886]


The process whose specific outcome is the progression of phialides over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Phialides are specialized cells that bud from the ends of metulae on the conidiophore tip. Chains of conidia, or asexual spores, develop from the phialide tips. [PMID:9529886]


The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cleistothecium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The cleistothecium is a closed sexual fruiting body that contains ascospores in linear asci, characteristic of some filamentous Ascomycete fungi such as members of the genera Aspergillus and Emericella. [ISBN:0471522295, PMID:17446882]


Huelle cell development
Hulle cell formation

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of Hulle cells over time, from their formation to the mature structures. Hulle cells are specialized multinucleate cells that originate from a nest-like aggregation of hyphae during sexual development and serve as nurse cells to the developing cleistothecium, or fruiting body. [PMID:19210625]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of conidiophore development, a process that leads to the formation of a conidiophore. The conidiophore is a specialized hypha that extends aerially from the growth substrate and bears conidia, or asexual spores. [GOC:mah]


negative regulation of conidiophore development

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of conidiophore development, a process that leads to the formation of a conidiophore. The conidiophore is a specialized hypha that extends aerially from the growth substrate and bears conidia, or asexual spores. [GOC:mah]


positive regulation of conidiophore development

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of conidiophore development, a process that leads to the formation of a conidiophore. The conidiophore is a specialized hypha that extends aerially from the growth substrate and bears conidia, or asexual spores. [GOC:mah]


regulation of cleistothecium development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cleistothecium development, a process that leads to the formation of a cleistothecium. The cleistothecium is a closed sexual fruiting body that contains ascospores in linear asci, characteristic of some filamentous Ascomycete fungi such as members of the genera Aspergillus and Emericella. [GOC:mah]


negative regulation of cleistothecium development

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cleistothecium development, a process that leads to the formation of a cleistothecium. The cleistothecium is a closed sexual fruiting body that contains ascospores in linear asci, characteristic of some filamentous Ascomycete fungi such as members of the genera Aspergillus and Emericella. [GOC:mah]


positive regulation of cleistothecium development

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cleistothecium development, a process that leads to the formation of a cleistothecium. The cleistothecium is a closed sexual fruiting body that contains ascospores in linear asci, characteristic of some filamentous Ascomycete fungi such as members of the genera Aspergillus and Emericella. [GOC:mah]


regulation of conidiophore stalk development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of conidiophore stalk development, a process that leads to the formation of a conidiophore stalk. The conidiophore stalk is part of a specialized hypha that extends aerially from the growth substrate and supports structures from which conidia, or asexual spores, develop. [GOC:mah]


negative regulation of conidiophore stalk development

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of conidiophore stalk development, a process that leads to the formation of a conidiophore stalk. The conidiophore stalk is part of a specialized hypha that extends aerially from the growth substrate and supports structures from which conidia, or asexual spores, develop. [GOC:mah]


positive regulation of conidiophore stalk development

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of conidiophore stalk development, a process that leads to the formation of a conidiophore stalk. The conidiophore stalk is part of a specialized hypha that extends aerially from the growth substrate and supports structures from which conidia, or asexual spores, develop. [GOC:mah]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of metula development, a process that leads to the formation of metulae. Metulae are elongated mononucleate cells that bud from the surface of the conidiophore tip. [GOC:mah]


negative regulation of metula development

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of metula development, a process that leads to the formation of metulae. Metulae are elongated mononucleate cells that bud from the surface of the conidiophore tip. [GOC:mah]


positive regulation of metula development

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of metula development, a process that leads to the formation of metulae. Metulae are elongated mononucleate cells that bud from the surface of the conidiophore tip. [GOC:mah]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phialide development, a process that leads to the formation of phialides. Phialides are specialized cells that bud from the ends of metulae on the conidiophore tip. [GOC:mah]


negative regulation of phialide development

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of phialide development, a process that leads to the formation of phialides. Phialides are specialized cells that bud from the ends of metulae on the conidiophore tip. [GOC:mah]


positive regulation of phialide development

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of phialide development, a process that leads to the formation of phialides. Phialides are specialized cells that bud from the ends of metulae on the conidiophore tip. [GOC:mah]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Hulle cell development, a process that leads to the formation of Hulle cells. Hulle cells are specialized multinucleate cells that originate from a nest-like aggregation of hyphae during sexual development and serve as nurse cells to the developing cleistothecium, or fruiting body. [GOC:mah]


negative regulation of Hulle cell development

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of Hulle cell development, a process that leads to the formation of Hulle cells. Hulle cells are specialized multinucleate cells that originate from a nest-like aggregation of hyphae during sexual development and serve as nurse cells to the developing cleistothecium, or fruiting body. [GOC:mah]


positive regulation of Hulle cell development

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Hulle cell development, a process that leads to the formation of Hulle cells. Hulle cells are specialized multinucleate cells that originate from a nest-like aggregation of hyphae during sexual development and serve as nurse cells to the developing cleistothecium, or fruiting body. [GOC:mah]


hydrogen sulphide metabolism
hydrogen sulfide metabolism
hydrogen sulphide metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving hydrogen sulfide, H2S. [GOC:mah]


hydrogen sulfide synthesis
hydrogen sulphide biosynthesis
hydrogen sulphide biosynthetic process
hydrogen sulfide anabolism
hydrogen sulfide formation
hydrogen sulfide biosynthesis

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hydrogen sulfide, H2S. [GOC:mah]


peptidyllysine, 2-oxoglutarate:oxygen 5-oxidoreductase activity

peptidyl-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate: oxygen oxidoreductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: protein L-lysine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = protein 5-hydroxy-L-lysine + succinate + CO2. [PMID:19574390]


P-TEFb-cap methyltransferase complex localisation

establishment and maintenance of P-TEFb-cap methyltransferase complex localization

Any process in which the P-TEFb-cap methyltransferase complex is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location. [GOC:mah]


menaquinone-dependent protoporphyrinogen oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: protoporphyrinogen IX + menaquinone = protoporphyrin IX + reduced menaquinone. [GOC:mah, PMID:19583219]


A secretory granule that contains cathepsin and gelatinase and is readily exocytosed upon cell activation; found primarily in mature neutrophil cells. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, GOC:rl, PMID:12070036]


The lipid bilayer surrounding a tertiary granule. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, GOC:rl, PMID:12070036]


Any of a number of evolutionarily conserved histone deacetylase complexes (HDACs) containing a core consisting of a paired amphipathic helix motif protein (e.g. Sin3p in S. cerevisiae, Pst1 in S. pombe or Sin3A in mammals) at least one class I histone deacetylase (e.g. Rpd3p in S. cerevisiae, Clr6 in S. pombe, or HDAC1 and HDAC2 in mammals), and at least one WD40 repeat protein (e.g. Ume1p in S. cerevisiae, Prw1 in S. pombe, or RbAp46 and RbAp48 in mammals). These complexes also contain a variable number of other proteins that direct histone binding, DNA binding, or add other functionality to the complex. [PMID:15565322, PMID:18292778]


A tetrameric histone deacetylase complex that contains a Class II deacetylase catalytic subunit. In S. cerevisiae it is composed of two Hda1p subunits along with Hda2p and Hda3p. [GOC:dgf, GOC:mah, PMID:11287668, PMID:8663039]


Snf2/HDAC containing repressor complex location

A histone deacetylase complex that contains a core of four proteins -- Clr1, Clr2, Clr3, and Mit1 in fission yeast -- and localizes to all heterochromatic regions in the genome as well as some euchromatic sites. The complex is involved in regulating nucleosome positioning to assemble higher-order chromatin structures. [GOC:mah, PMID:17289569]


An external encapsulating structure part of the chorion. A single cone-shaped specialization that forms an opening in the egg chorion that allows sperm entry into the egg prior to fertilization. [GOC:cvs, GOC:mah, PMID:18649270]


A cytoplasmic protein complex that contains integrin, mobilferrin and a flavin monooxygenase, is capable of reducing Fe(III) to Fe(II) utilizing NADPH, and is involved in iron transport. Fe(II) is required in the cell as the substrate for ferrochelatase in the synthesis of heme. [GOC:mah, GOC:rph, PMID:11842004, PMID:8639593]


heterochromatin organisation
heterochromatin organization

Any process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of the physical structure of eukaryotic heterochromatin, a compact and highly condensed form of chromatin. [GOC:mah]


The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a tight junction, an occluding cell-cell junction that is composed of a branching network of sealing strands that completely encircles the apical end of each cell in an epithelial sheet. [GOC:mah]


The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a basement membrane, a part of the extracellular region that consists of a thin layer of dense material found in various animal tissues interposed between the cells and the adjacent connective tissue. [GOC:mah]


phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis from phosphoryl-ethanolamine via N-dimethylethanolamine phosphate and CDP-choline

The phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process that begins with three consecutive N-methylation steps that are carried out on phospho-bases, phosphoethanolamine, phospho-N-methylethanolamine, and phospho-N-dimethylethanolamine; the process ends with the conversion of a phosphatidyl-N-dimethylethanolamine to a phosphatidylcholine. [MetaCyc:PWY4FS-2]


phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis from phosphoryl-ethanolamine via CDP-N-methylethanolamine

The phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process that begins with an initial N-methylation with phospho-base phosphoethanolamine, followed by two downstream N-methylations on phosphatidyl-bases, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine and phosphatidyl-N-dimethylethanolamine. The process ends with the conversion of a phosphatidyl-N-dimethylethanolamine to a phosphatidylcholine. [MetaCyc:PWY4FS-3]


phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis from phosphoryl-ethanolamine via N-dimethylethanolamine phosphate and CDP-N-dimethylethanolamine

The phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process that begins with two N-methylations with phospho-base phosphoethanolamine and phospho-N-methylethanolamine, followed by a downstream N-methylation on phosphatidyl-base phosphatidyl-N-dimethylethanolamine; the process ends with the conversion of a phosphatidyl-N-dimethylethanolamine to a phosphatidylcholine. [MetaCyc:PWY4FS-4]


chromium ion transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of chromium (Cr) ions from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:mah, GOC:yaf]


The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a caveola. A caveola is a plasma membrane raft that forms a small pit, depression, or invagination that communicates with the outside of a cell and extends inward, indenting the cytoplasm and the cell membrane. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, GOC:vk, PMID:12633858]


The directed movement of dehydroascorbate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Dehydroascorbate, 5-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)furan-2,3,4(5H)-trione, is an oxidized form of vitamin C. [GOC:sl]


Binding to a dynein complex, a protein complex that contains two or three dynein heavy chains and several light chains, and has microtubule motor activity. [GOC:bf, GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an inclusion body. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an aggresome; requires the microtubule cytoskeleton and dynein. [GOC:BHF, GOC:rl, PMID:14675537]


The directed movement of misfolded proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, PMID:14675537]


The directed movement of polyubiquitinated proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, PMID:14675537]


polyubiquitylated misfolded protein transport

misfolded polyubiquitinated protein transport

polyubiquitinated misfolded protein transport

The directed movement of misfolded polyubiquitinated proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, PMID:14675537]


The modification of an Hsp90 protein by removal of acetyl groups. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


core mediator complex location
C mediator complex location
S mediator complex location
S mediator complex
C mediator complex

A protein complex that interacts with the carboxy-terminal domain of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and plays an active role in transducing the signal from a transcription factor to the transcriptional machinery. The core mediator complex has a stimulatory effect on basal transcription, and contains most of the same subdomains as the larger form of mediator complex -- a head domain comprising proteins known in Saccharomyces as Srb2, -4, and -5, Med6, -8, and -11, and Rox3 proteins; a middle domain comprising Med1, -4, and -7, Nut1 and -2, Cse2, Rgr1, Soh1, and Srb7 proteins; and a tail consisting of Gal11p, Med2p, Pgd1p, and Sin4p -- but lacks the regulatory subcomplex comprising Ssn2, -3, and -8, and Srb8 proteins. Metazoan core mediator complexes have similar modular structures and include homologs of yeast Srb and Med proteins. [PMID:11454195, PMID:16168358, PMID:17870225]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a growth factor stimulus. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


response to epidermal growth factor stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an epidermal growth factor stimulus. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


A protein complex that contains the transforming acidic coiled coil (TACC) protein and the TOG protein (Mia1p/Alp7p and Alp14, respectively, in fission yeast), and is involved in microtubule array remodeling as cells progress through the cell cycle. The TACC/TOG complex is conserved in eukaryotes, associates with microtubules, and shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm during interphase. [GOC:mah, GOC:vw, PMID:19606211]


Binding to a growth factor receptor. [GOC:mah, GOC:vw]


A neuron projection that is found in unipolar neurons and corresponds to the region between the cell body and the point at which the single projection branches. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah]


Binding to a class VI myosin. The myosin VI heavy chain has a single IQ motif in the neck and a tail region with a coiled coil domain followed by a unique globular domain, a unique insertion that enables myosin VI to move towards the pointed or minus end of actin filaments. [GOC:mah, http://www.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/myosin/Review/Reviewframeset.html, PMID:15473855]


Binding to a heavy chain of a myosin VI complex. [GOC:sart]


Binding to the head/neck region of a myosin VI heavy chain. [GOC:sart]


Binding to a light chain of a myosin VI complex. [GOC:sart]


regulation of bile acid anabolism
regulation of bile acid formation
regulation of bile acid synthesis
regulation of bile acid biosynthesis

regulation of bile acid biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of bile acids. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


downregulation of bile acid biosynthetic process

negative regulation of bile acid formation

negative regulation of bile acid biosynthesis

negative regulation of bile acid anabolism

down-regulation of bile acid biosynthetic process

down regulation of bile acid biosynthetic process

negative regulation of bile acid synthesis

negative regulation of bile acid biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of bile acids. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


inhibition of bile acid biosynthetic process


positive regulation of bile acid anabolism

up-regulation of bile acid biosynthetic process

positive regulation of bile acid synthesis

positive regulation of bile acid biosynthesis

up regulation of bile acid biosynthetic process

positive regulation of bile acid formation

upregulation of bile acid biosynthetic process

positive regulation of bile acid biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of bile acids. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


activation of bile acid biosynthetic process


stimulation of bile acid biosynthetic process


RNA polymerase I core factor complex location

A RNA polymerase I-specific transcription factor complex that is required for the transcription of rDNA by RNA polymerase I. In yeast the complex consists of Rrn6p, Rrn7p, and Rrn11p. [PMID:8702872]


regulation of protein export from endoplasmic reticulum

regulation of protein exit from endoplasmic reticulum

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum. [GOC:mah]


negative regulation of protein exit from ER

downregulation of protein exit from endoplasmic reticulum

down-regulation of protein exit from endoplasmic reticulum

negative regulation of protein export from endoplasmic reticulum

down regulation of protein exit from endoplasmic reticulum

negative regulation of protein export from ER

negative regulation of protein exit from endoplasmic reticulum

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum. [GOC:mah]


inhibition of protein exit from endoplasmic reticulum


up-regulation of protein exit from endoplasmic reticulum

up regulation of protein exit from endoplasmic reticulum

upregulation of protein exit from endoplasmic reticulum

positive regulation of protein exit from ER

positive regulation of protein export from endoplasmic reticulum

positive regulation of protein export from ER

positive regulation of protein exit from endoplasmic reticulum

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of directed movement of proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum. [GOC:mah]


activation of protein exit from endoplasmic reticulum


stimulation of protein exit from endoplasmic reticulum


A cytoskeletal part that consists of a microfilament-rich cone that forms round each nucleus in a spermatogenic cyst and translocates the length of the cyst during sperm individualization. [GOC:sart, PMID:15829565, PMID:9550716]


Binding to a protein or protein complex in the presence of sterols. [GOC:ecd]


mating projection membrane fusion domain

The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a mating projection tip. [GOC:mah]


heterochromatin assembly involved in chromatin silencing


cell wall organisation involved in conjugation with cellular fusion

cell wall organization involved in conjugation with cellular fusion

A process of cell wall organization that contributes to conjugation with cellular fusion. [GOC:mah]


regulation of glycogen metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving glycogen. [GOC:mah]


negative regulation of glycogen metabolism

negative regulation of glycogen metabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving glycogen. [GOC:mah]


positive regulation of glycogen metabolism

positive regulation of glycogen metabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving glycogen. [GOC:mah]


A protein complex that functions downstream of the MRN complex to promote DNA repair and the G2/M checkpoint. The SOSS complex associates with single-stranded DNA at DNA lesions and is composed of SOSS-B (SOSS-B1/OBFC2B or SOSS-B2/OBFC2A), SOSS-A/INTS3 and SOSS-C/C9orf80. [PMID:19683501]


primary microRNA binding
pri-miRNA binding

Binding to a primary microRNA (pri-miRNA) transcript, an RNA molecule that is processed into a short hairpin-shaped structure called a pre-miRNA and finally into a functional miRNA. Both double-stranded and single-stranded regions of a pri-miRNA are required for binding. [GOC:sl, PMID:15531877, PMID:15574589]


fungal-type cell wall beta-glucan metabolism

fungal-type cell wall beta-glucan metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving beta-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of fungal cells. [GOC:mah, GOC:vw]


fungal-type cell wall beta-glucan synthesis

fungal-type cell wall beta-glucan anabolism

fungal-type cell wall beta-glucan formation

fungal-type cell wall beta-glucan biosynthesis

fungal-type cell wall beta-glucan biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of beta-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of fungal cells. [GOC:mah]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of proline transport. [GOC:mah]


precursor microRNA binding
pre-microRNA binding

Binding to a precursor microRNA (pre-miRNA) transcript, a stem-loop-containing precursor of microRNA. [PMID:18951094]


regulation of calcineurin-NFAT signalling cascade

regulation of calcineurin-NFAT signaling pathway

regulation of calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade. [GOC:ai]


inhibition of calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade


upregulation of calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade

up regulation of calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade

up-regulation of calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade

positive regulation of calcineurin-NFAT signalling cascade

positive regulation of calcineurin-NFAT signaling pathway

positive regulation of calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signaling via the calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade. [GOC:mah]


activation of calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade


stimulation of calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chemical stimulus. [GOC:mah]


Binding to an E-box, a DNA motif with the consensus sequence CANNTG that is found in the promoters of a wide array of genes expressed in neurons, muscle and other tissues. [GOC:BHF, GOC:vk, PMID:11812799]


platelet alpha granule organization and biogenesis

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a platelet alpha granule. A platelet alpha granule is a secretory organelle found in blood platelets. [GOC:rph, PMID:16123220]


Binding to lipoteichoic acid. [GOC:add, PMID:14665680]


Any process in which a transposable element is incorporated into another DNA molecule such as a chromosome. [GOC:jp, PMID:10882723]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of regulation of transposon integration, a process in which a transposable element is incorporated into another DNA molecule. [GOC:mah]


down-regulation of transposon integration

down regulation of transposon integration

downregulation of transposon integration

negative regulation of transposon integration

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transposon integration, a process in which a transposable element is incorporated into another DNA molecule. [GOC:mah]


up-regulation of transposon integration
up regulation of transposon integration
upregulation of transposon integration

positive regulation of transposon integration

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transposon integration, a process in which a transposable element is incorporated into another DNA molecule. [GOC:mah]


RNA polymerase III transcriptional preinitiation complex formation

RNA polymerase III transcription PIC biosynthesis

RNA polymerase III transcription PIC formation

RNA polymerase III transcriptional preinitiation complex assembly

RNA polymerase III preinitiation complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins on promoter DNA to form the transcriptional preinitiation complex (PIC), the formation of which is a prerequisite for transcription from an RNA polymerase III promoter. [GOC:jp, GOC:txnOH, PMID:11387215, PMID:12381659]


mitochondrial tRNA wobble uridine modification

The process in which a uridine in position 34 of a mitochondrial tRNA is post-transcriptionally modified. [GOC:mah, GOC:mcc]


The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within a mitochondrial tRNA molecule to produce a mitochondrial tRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically. [GOC:mah, GOC:mcc]


The posttranscriptional addition of methyl groups to specific residues in a mitochondrial tRNA molecule. [GOC:mah, GOC:mcc]


mitochondrial tRNA pseudouridine synthesis

The intramolecular conversion of uridine to pseudouridine in a mitochondrial tRNA molecule. [GOC:mah, GOC:mcc]


The addition a sulfur atom to a nucleotide in a mitochondrial tRNA molecule. [GOC:mah, GOC:mcc]


Binding to 2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid. [GOC:rph]


aspartate-alanine antiporter activity
aspartate/alanine antiporter activity

Catalysis of the reaction: aspartate(out) + alanine(in) = aspartate(in) + alanine(out). [GOC:dh]


histidine/histamine antiporter activity
histidine-histamine antiporter activity

Catalysis of the reaction: histidine(out) + histamine(in) = histidine(in) + histamine(out). [GOC:dh]


tyrosine-tyramine antiporter activity
tyrosine/tyramine antiporter activity

Catalysis of the reaction: tyrosine(out) + tyramine(in) = tyrosine(in) + tyramine(out). [GOC:dh]


glutamate/gamma-aminobutyric acid antiporter activity

glutamate-gamma-aminobutyric acid antiporter activity

glutamate:gamma-aminobutyric acid antiporter activity

Catalysis of the reaction: glutamate(out) + gamma-aminobutyric acid(in) = glutamate(in) + gamma-aminobutyric acid(out). [GOC:dh]


cell wall macromolecule catabolic process involved in cell wall disassembly

The chemical reactions and pathways that result in the breakdown of macromolecules that form part of a cell wall, and contributes to the breakdown of the cell wall. [GOC:mah]


global genomic nucleotide-excision repair

global genome nucleotide-excision repair

The nucleotide-excision repair process in which DNA lesions are removed from nontranscribed strands and from transcriptionally silent regions over the entire genome. [PMID:10197977, PMID:18794354]


A heterodimeric nucleotide-excision repair complex that is involved in transcription-coupled repair. The subunits are known as Ddb1 and Ckn1 in S. pombe; Ddb1 contains a motif called the DDB-box that interacts with adaptor proteins for DDB1/cullin 4 ubiquitin ligases. [PMID:18794354]


A heterodimeric nucleotide-excision repair complex that is involved in transcription-coupled repair. The subunits are known as Ddb1 and Wdr21 in S. pombe; Ddb1 contains a motif called the DDB-box that interacts with adaptor proteins for DDB1/cullin 4 ubiquitin ligases. [PMID:18794354]


UV-damaged DNA endonuclease-dependent excision repair

A DNA repair process that is initiated by an endonuclease that introduces a single-strand incision immediately 5' of a UV-induced damage site. UV-damage excision repair acts on both cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) and pyrimidine-pyrimidone 6-4 photoproducts (6-4PPs). [GOC:mah, PMID:9619100]


Combining with the phospholipid derivative lysophosphatidic acid, and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein. [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, PMID:15755723]


inositol phosphoceramide synthase complex location

A protein complex that possesses inositol phosphoceramide synthase activity and contains a catalytic subunit and a regulatory subunit (Aur1p and Kei1p, respectively, in Saccharomyces). [GOC:mah, PMID:19726565]


inositol phosphoceramide synthase regulator activity

Binds to and modulates the activity of inositol phosphoceramide synthase. [GOC:mah]


production of small RNA involved in gene silencing by RNA


regulation of gene silencing by RNA, production of guide RNA

regulation of gene silencing by RNA, production of small RNA

regulation of production of small RNA involved in gene silencing by RNA

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the production of small RNA involved in gene silencing by RNA. [GOC:mah]


regulation of chromatin silencing by small RNA, production of siRNA

regulation of production of siRNA involved in chromatin silencing by small RNA

regulation of RNA interference, production of siRNA

regulation of production of siRNA involved in RNA interference

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the production of siRNA, the cleavage of double-stranded RNA to form small interfering RNA molecules (siRNAs) of 21-23 nucleotides, in the context of gene silencing by small RNA. [GOC:mah]


gene silencing by RNA, small RNA loading onto RISC


heterochromatin assembly involved in chromatin silencing by small RNA


The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an organelle. An organelle is an organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton. Excludes the plasma membrane. [GOC:mah]


regulation of ATP:ADP antiporter activity

Any process that modulates the activity of an ATP:ADP antiporter. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


inhibition of ATP:ADP antiporter activity


ncRNA-mediated regulation of mRNA stability

regulation of mRNA stability, non-coding RNA-mediated

regulation of mRNA stability, ncRNA-mediated

Any process, mediated by small non-coding RNAs, that modulates the propensity of mRNA molecules to degradation. Includes processes that both stabilize and destabilize mRNAs. [GOC:jh2]


A translational elongation process in which transfer of a translating ribosome from one mRNA to another RNA template takes place. Trans-translation occurs during tmRNA release of stalled ribosomes. [GOC:jh2, GOC:mah]


protein modification by trans-translation

A protein modification process in which a polypeptide is added to a nascent polypeptide cotranslationally by trans-translation. [GOC:jh2, GOC:jsg, GOC:mah]


The volume enclosed by the membrane of a Golgi-associated vesicle. [GOC:mah]


The modification of histone H3 by the removal of one or more acetyl groups. [GOC:BHF, GOC:rl]


The modification of histone H4 by the removal of one or more acetyl groups. [GOC:BHF, GOC:rl]


coding region determinant-mediated mRNA stabilization

An mRNA stabilization process in which one or more RNA-binding proteins associate with a sequence in the open reading frame called the coding region instability determinant (CRD). [GOC:mah, PMID:19029303]


3'-untranslated region-mediated mRNA stabilization

An mRNA stabilization process in which one or more RNA-binding proteins associate with the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of an mRNA. [GOC:mah, PMID:19029303]


A protein ubiquitination process in which a polymer of ubiquitin, formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 48 of the ubiquitin monomers, is added to a protein. K48-linked ubiquitination targets the substrate protein for degradation. [GOC:cvs, PMID:15556404]


coding-region instability determinant -mediated mRNA stability complex location

CRD-mediated mRNA stability complex location

coding-region determinant of instability-mediated mRNA stability complex location

A protein complex that binds to, and promotes stabilization of, mRNA molecules containing the coding region instability determinant (CRD). In human, it may consist of IGF2BP1, HNRNPU, SYNCRIP/HNRNPQ, YBX1, and DHX9. [GOC:mah, PMID:19029303]


A cytoskeletal structure composed of filamentous protein that forms beneath the membrane of many cells or organelles, in the plane of cell or organelle division. Ring contraction is associated with centripetal growth of the membrane that divides the cytoplasm of the two daughter cells or organelles. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0123645859, ISBN:0792354923, PMID:10791428, PMID:17913889]


Dsl1p complex location
Dsl1p complex
NZR complex
NZR complex location
Dsl1/NZR complex location

A multisubunit tethering complex, i.e. a protein complex involved in mediating the initial interaction between vesicles and the membranes with which they fuse, that is involved in trafficking from the Golgi apparatus to the ER. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae the Dsl1p complex contains Dsl1p, Tip20p, and Sec39p. [GOC:jh, GOC:mah, PMID:19151722, PMID:21550981]


CTD domain dephosphorylation of RNA polymerase II

generation of II(A) form of RNA polymerase II

generation of hypophosphorylated CTD of RNA polymerase II

dephosphorylation of RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain

The process of removing a phosphate group from an amino acid residue in the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II. Some dephosphorylation occurs during transcription while some may occur after the enzyme is released from the template in order to prepare it for the beginning of the transcription cycle again. RNA polymerase II with little or no phosphorylation is referred to as the hypophosphorylated or II(A) form. [GOC:krc, GOC:mah, PMID:17079683]


The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an eisosome, a cell part that is composed of the eisosome membrane and eisosome filaments. The eisosome membrane, also called the MCC domain, is a furrow-like plasma membrane sub-domain with associated integral transmembrane proteins. The eisosome filaments form a scaffolding lattice on the cytoplasmic face of the membrane. [GOC:al, GOC:jp, GOC:mah, PMID:19564405]


The directed killing of a target cell by a neutrophil. [GOC:add, ISBN:0781765196]


neutrophil mediated killing of symbiont cell

neutrophil-mediated killing of symbiont cell

The directed killing of a symbiont target cell by a neutrophil. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [GOC:add, ISBN:0781765196]


neutrophil mediated killing of bacterium

neutrophil-mediated killing of bacterium

The directed killing of a bacterium by a neutrophil. [GOC:add, ISBN:0781765196]


neutrophil mediated killing of gram-negative bacterium

neutrophil-mediated killing of gram-negative bacterium

The directed killing of a gram-negative bacterium by a neutrophil. [GOC:add, ISBN:0781765196]


neutrophil mediated killing of gram-positive bacterium

neutrophil-mediated killing of gram-positive bacterium

The directed killing of a gram-positive bacterium by a neutrophil. [GOC:add, ISBN:0781765196]


The directed killing of a fungal cell by a neutrophil. [GOC:add, ISBN:0781765196]


regulation of neutrophil mediated cell killing

regulation of neutrophil mediated cytotoxicity

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of neutrophil mediated killing of a target cell, the directed killing of a target cell by a neutrophil. [GOC:add, GOC:mah]


regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of symbiont cell

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of neutrophil mediated killing of a symbiont cell, the directed killing of a symbiont target cell by a neutrophil. [GOC:add, GOC:mah]


regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of bacterium

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of neutrophil mediated killing of a bacterium, the directed killing of a bacterium by a neutrophil. [GOC:add, GOC:mah]


regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of gram-negative bacterium

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of neutrophil mediated killing of a gram-negative bacterium, the directed killing of a gram-negative bacterium by a neutrophil. [GOC:add, GOC:mah]


regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of gram-positive bacterium

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of neutrophil mediated killing of a gram-positive bacterium, the directed killing of a gram-positive bacterium by a neutrophil. [GOC:add, GOC:mah]


regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of fungus

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of neutrophil mediated killing of a fungal cell, the directed killing of a fungal cell by a neutrophil. [GOC:add, GOC:mah]


down regulation of neutrophil mediated cytotoxicity

negative regulation of neutrophil mediated cell killing

down-regulation of neutrophil mediated cytotoxicity

downregulation of neutrophil mediated cytotoxicity

negative regulation of neutrophil mediated cytotoxicity

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed killing of a target cell by a neutrophil. [GOC:add, GOC:mah]


inhibition of neutrophil mediated cytotoxicity


down regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of symbiont cell

down-regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of symbiont cell

downregulation of neutrophil mediated killing of symbiont cell

negative regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of symbiont cell

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed killing of a symbiont target cell by a neutrophil. [GOC:add, GOC:mah]


inhibition of neutrophil mediated killing of symbiont cell


down regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of bacterium

down-regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of bacterium

downregulation of neutrophil mediated killing of bacterium

negative regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of bacterium

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed killing of a bacterium by a neutrophil. [GOC:add, GOC:mah]


inhibition of neutrophil mediated killing of bacterium


downregulation of neutrophil mediated killing of gram-negative bacterium

down-regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of gram-negative bacterium

down regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of gram-negative bacterium

negative regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of gram-negative bacterium

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed killing of a gram-negative bacterium by a neutrophil. [GOC:add, GOC:mah]


inhibition of neutrophil mediated killing of gram-negative bacterium


downregulation of neutrophil mediated killing of gram-positive bacterium

down-regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of gram-positive bacterium

down regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of gram-positive bacterium

negative regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of gram-positive bacterium

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed killing of a gram-positive bacterium by a neutrophil. [GOC:add, GOC:mah]


inhibition of neutrophil mediated killing of gram-positive bacterium


down-regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of fungus

down regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of fungus

downregulation of neutrophil mediated killing of fungus

negative regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of fungus

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed killing of a fungal cell by a neutrophil. [GOC:add, GOC:mah]


inhibition of neutrophil mediated killing of fungus


upregulation of neutrophil mediated cytotoxicity

up regulation of neutrophil mediated cytotoxicity

up-regulation of neutrophil mediated cytotoxicity

positive regulation of neutrophil mediated cell killing

positive regulation of neutrophil mediated cytotoxicity

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed killing of a target cell by a neutrophil. [GOC:add, GOC:mah]


activation of neutrophil mediated cytotoxicity


stimulation of neutrophil mediated cytotoxicity


up regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of symbiont cell

up-regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of symbiont cell

upregulation of neutrophil mediated killing of symbiont cell

positive regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of symbiont cell

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed killing of a symbiont target cell by a neutrophil. [GOC:add, GOC:mah]


activation of neutrophil mediated killing of symbiont cell


stimulation of neutrophil mediated killing of symbiont cell


upregulation of neutrophil mediated killing of bacterium

up-regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of bacterium

up regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of bacterium

positive regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of bacterium

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed killing of a bacterium by a neutrophil. [GOC:add, GOC:mah]


activation of neutrophil mediated killing of bacterium


stimulation of neutrophil mediated killing of bacterium


upregulation of neutrophil mediated killing of gram-negative bacterium

up-regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of gram-negative bacterium

up regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of gram-negative bacterium

positive regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of gram-negative bacterium

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed killing of a gram-negative bacterium by a neutrophil. [GOC:add, GOC:mah]


activation of neutrophil mediated killing of gram-negative bacterium


stimulation of neutrophil mediated killing of gram-negative bacterium


upregulation of neutrophil mediated killing of gram-positive bacterium

up-regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of gram-positive bacterium

up regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of gram-positive bacterium

positive regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of gram-positive bacterium

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed killing of a gram-positive bacterium by a neutrophil. [GOC:add, GOC:mah]


activation of neutrophil mediated killing of gram-positive bacterium


stimulation of neutrophil mediated killing of gram-positive bacterium


up regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of fungus

up-regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of fungus

upregulation of neutrophil mediated killing of fungus

positive regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of fungus

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed killing of a fungal cell by a neutrophil. [GOC:add, GOC:mah]


activation of neutrophil mediated killing of fungus


stimulation of neutrophil mediated killing of fungus


nuclear-transcribed mRNA degradation, no-go decay

nuclear-transcribed mRNA breakdown, no-go decay

nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolism, no-go decay

nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, no-go decay

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the transcript body of a nuclear-transcribed mRNA with stalls in translation elongation. [GOC:jp, PMID:16554824]


Binding to F420, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes. [GOC:dh]


Binding to pyrroloquinoline quinone, PQQ, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of certain alcohol dehydrogenases and glucose dehydrogenases. [GOC:dh]


An endoplasmic reticulum part at which COPII-coated vesicles are produced. [NIF_Subcellular:sao124393998, PMID:15623529, PMID:16957052]


protein localisation in endoplasmic reticulum

protein localization in endoplasmic reticulum

protein localization to endoplasmic reticulum

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the endoplasmic reticulum. [GOC:mah]


protein localisation to endoplasmic reticulum exit site

protein localization to endoplasmic reticulum exit site

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location at an endoplasmic reticulum exit site. [GOC:mah]


Binding to a POU domain of a protein. The POU domain is a bipartite DNA binding domain composed of two subunits separated by a non-conserved region of 15-55 amino acids; it is found in several eukaryotic transcription factors. [GOC:mah, GOC:yaf, InterPro:IPR000327]


Binding to a FHA domain of a protein. The FHA domain is a phosphopeptide recognition domain found in many regulatory proteins, and consists of approximately 80-100 amino acid residues folded into an 11-stranded beta sandwich. [GOC:mah, InterPro:IPR000253]


Toll-Interleukin receptor domain binding

Binding to a Toll-Interleukin receptor (TIR) domain of a protein. The TIR domain is an intracellular 200 residue domain that is found in the Toll protein, the interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R), and MyD88; it contains three highly-conserved regions, and mediates protein-protein interactions between the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and signal-transduction components. [GOC:mah, InterPro:IPR000157]


A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for bone to attain its fully functional state. [GOC:dph, GOC:mah]


voltage-gated calcium channel complex assembly

Cellular protein complex assembly that results in the formation of a voltage-gated calcium channel complex. [GOC:mh]


A protein ubiquitination process in which ubiquitin monomers are attached to a protein, and then ubiquitin polymers are formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 11 of the ubiquitin monomers. K11-linked polyubiquitination targets the substrate protein for degradation. The anaphase-promoting complex promotes the degradation of mitotic regulators by assembling K11-linked polyubiquitin chains. [GOC:jsg, GOC:pr, GOC:sp, PMID:18485873, PMID:20655260, PMID:21113135]


biphenyl breakdown
biphenyl degradation
biphenyl catabolism

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of biphenyl, a toxic aromatic hydrocarbon used as a heat transfer agent, as a fungistat in packaging citrus fruits and in plant disease control. Biphenyl can be chlorinated with 1-10 chlorine molecules to form polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). [PMID:16310831, PMID:16339959, UniPathway:UPA00155]


L-asparagine biosynthesis
L-asparagine anabolism
L-asparagine formation
L-asparagine synthesis

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of asparagine, (2S)-2-amino-3-carbamoylpropanoic acid. [GOC:mah]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving L-asparagine, (2S)-2-amino-3-carbamoylpropanoic acid. [GOC:mah]


The process in which the migration of a dendrite is directed to a specific target site in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues. [GOC:sart, PMID:15046878]


Binding to a SET domain of a protein. SET domains are named after three Drosophila proteins that contain this domain: Su(var), E(z) and trithorax. SET domains are associated with histone lysine methylation. [GOC:sart, Pfam:PF00856, PMID:12575990]


transcription factor TFIIK complex location

A transcription factor complex that forms part of the holo TFIIH complex. In Saccharomyces/human, TFIIK contains Ccl1p/Cyclin H, Tfb3p/MAT1 and Kin28p/CDK7. [GOC:mah, PMID:19818408, PMID:22572993]


The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the left/right axis. The left/right axis is defined by a line that runs orthogonal to both the anterior/posterior and dorsal/ventral axes. Each side is defined from the viewpoint of the organism rather of the observer (as per anatomical axes). [GOC:dph, GOC:gvg, GOC:mah]


The conversion of DNA-damage induced single-stranded gaps into large molecular weight DNA after replication by using a specialized DNA polymerase or replication complex to insert a defined nucleotide across the lesion. This process does not remove the replication-blocking lesions but does not causes an increase in the endogenous mutation level. For S. cerevisiae, RAD30 encodes DNA polymerase eta, which incorporates two adenines. When incorporated across a thymine-thymine dimer, it does not increase the endogenous mutation level. [GOC:elh]


The process of removing one or more methyl groups from a molecule, involving the oxidation (i.e. electron loss) of one or more atoms in the substrate. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, GOC:rl]


Binding to a small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, GOC:rl]


A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains a ribosome, mRNA, and initiator tRNA; the functional ribosome is at the AUG, with the methionyl/formyl-methionyl-tRNA positioned at the P site. [GOC:hjd, GOC:mah]


translation preinitiation complex location

A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains the small ribosomal subunit, a translation initiation ternary complex (i.e. an initiator tRNA, GTP, and an IF2 or eIF2 complex), and an mRNA. [GOC:hjd, GOC:mah]


The series of events in which a stimulus indicating oxidative stress is received and converted into a molecular signal. [GOC:mah]


reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidation

reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate dehydrogenation

A metabolic process that results in the oxidation of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NADPH, to the oxidized form, NADP. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


Binding to a type 1 melanocortin receptor. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


The process of cell death in a neuron. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


The series of events required for an organism to receive a gravitational stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process. [GOC:mah]


detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of gravity

The series of events involved in the perception of gravity in which a sensory mechanical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a magnetic stimulus. [GOC:sl]


A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains the extensively base paired small nuclear RNAs U4 and U6, a heptameric ring of Sm proteins associated with U4, the Lsm2-8 heptameric ring complex associated with U6, as well as several proteins that are unique to the U4 snRNP or U6 snRNPs, some of which remain associated with the U4/U6 snRNA both while the U4 snRNP is free or assembled into a series of spliceosomal complexes. [GOC:krc, GOC:mah, ISBN:0879695897, PMID:14685174]


A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains the extensively base paired small nuclear RNAs U4atac and U6atac, a heptameric ring of Sm proteins associated with U4atac, the Lsm2-8 heptameric ring complex associated with U6atac, as well as several proteins that are unique to the U4atac snRNP or U6atac snRNPs, some of which remain associated with the U4atac/U6atac snRNA both while the U4atac snRNP is free or assembled into a series of spliceosomal complexes. [GOC:krc, GOC:mah, ISBN:0879695897, PMID:14685174]


penta-snRNP complex location
penta-RNP complex
penta-RNP complex location

A ribonucleoprotein complex that is formed by the association of the U1, U2, U4/U6 and U5 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins. [GOC:krc, GOC:mah, PMID:11804584, PMID:12724403]


A spliceosomal complex that is formed by association of the 5' splice site with the U1 snRNP, while the branch point sequence is recognized by the U2 snRNP. The prespliceosome includes many proteins in addition to those found in the U1 and U2 snRNPs. Commitment to a given pair of 5' and 3' splice sites occurs at the time of prespliceosome formation. [GOC:ab, GOC:krc, GOC:mah, PMID:17332742, PMID:19239890]


mammalian U2-type spliceosomal complex A location


yeast U2-type spliceosomal complex B location


A spliceosomal complex that is formed by the recruitment of the preassembled U4/U6.U5 tri-snRNP to the prespliceosome. Although all 5 snRNPs are present, the precatalytic spliceosome is catalytically inactive. The precatalytic spliceosome includes many proteins in addition to those found in the U1, U2 and U4/U6.U5 snRNPs. [GOC:ab, GOC:krc, GOC:mah, PMID:18322460, PMID:19239890]


mammalian U2-type spliceosomal complex B location


mammalian U2-type spliceosomal complex B1 location


yeast U12-type spliceosomal complex A2-1 location


U2-type activated spliceosome
major catalytic step 1 spliceosome

A spliceosomal complex that is formed by the displacement of the U1 and U4 snRNPs from the precatalytic spliceosome; the U2, U5 and U6 snRNPs remain associated with the mRNA. This complex, sometimes called the activated spliceosome, is the catalytically active form of the spliceosome, and includes many proteins in addition to those found in the U2, and U5 and U6 snRNPs. [GOC:ab, GOC:krc, GOC:mah, ISBN:0879695897, ISBN:0879697393, PMID:18322460, PMID:19239890]


mammalian U2-type spliceosomal complex B* location


mammalian U2-type spliceosomal complex B2 location


yeast U2-type spliceosomal complex A1 location


A spliceosomal complex that contains the U2, U5 and U6 snRNPs bound to a splicing intermediate in which the first catalytic cleavage of the 5' splice site has occurred. The precise subunit composition differs significantly from that of the catalytic step 1, or activated, spliceosome, and includes many proteins in addition to those found in the U2, U5 and U6 snRNPs. [GOC:ab, GOC:krc, GOC:mah, ISBN:0879695897, ISBN:0879697393, PMID:18322460, PMID:19239890]


mammalian U2-type spliceosomal complex C location


mammalian U2-type spliceosomal complex C1 location


yeast U2-type spliceosomal complex A2-2 location


major post-mRNA release spliceosomal complex location

U2-type post-mRNA release spliceosomal complex location

A spliceosomal complex that is formed following the release of the spliced product from the post-spliceosomal complex and contains the excised intron and the U2, U5 and U6 snRNPs. [GOC:ab, GOC:krc, GOC:mah, ISBN:0879695897, ISBN:0879697393, PMID:19239890]


GT-AG post-mRNA release spliceosomal complex location


mammalian U2-type spliceosomal complex I location


U4atac/U6atac x U5 tri-snRNP complex location

A spliceosomal snRNP complex that is formed by the association of the U4atac/U6atac and U5 snRNPs. [GOC:krc, GOC:mah, GOC:pr, ISBN:0879695897, PMID:16201866]


prespliceosomal complex location
prespliceosomal complex

A spliceosomal complex that is formed by association of the 5' splice site and the branch point sequence with specific snRNPs. The prespliceosome includes many proteins in addition to those found in the bound snRNPs. Commitment to a given pair of 5' and 3' splice sites occurs at the time of prespliceosome formation. Prespliceosome complexes are not active for splicing, but are instead an early step in the assembly of a spliceosomal complex. [GOC:ab, GOC:krc, GOC:mah, PMID:17332742, PMID:19239890]


mammalian spliceosomal complex A location


A spliceosomal complex that is formed by the recruitment of a preassembled U5-containing tri-snRNP to the prespliceosome. Although all 5 snRNPs are present, the precatalytic spliceosome is catalytically inactive. The precatalytic spliceosome includes many proteins in addition to those found in the associated snRNPs. [GOC:ab, GOC:krc, GOC:mah, PMID:18322460, PMID:19239890]


mammalian spliceosomal complex B location


mammalian spliceosomal complex B1 location


yeast spliceosomal complex A2-1 location


A spliceosomal complex that is formed by the displacement of the two snRNPs from the precatalytic spliceosome; three snRNPs including U5 remain associated with the mRNA. This complex, sometimes called the activated spliceosome, is the catalytically active form of the spliceosome, and includes many proteins in addition to those found in the associated snRNPs. [GOC:ab, GOC:krc, GOC:mah, PMID:18322460, PMID:19239890]


mammalian spliceosomal complex B* location


mammalian spliceosomal complex B2 location


A spliceosomal complex that contains three snRNPs, including U5, bound to a splicing intermediate in which the first catalytic cleavage of the 5' splice site has occurred. The precise subunit composition differs significantly from that of the catalytic step 1, or activated, spliceosome, and includes many proteins in addition to those found in the associated snRNPs. [GOC:ab, GOC:krc, GOC:mah, ISBN:0879695897, ISBN:0879697393, PMID:18322460, PMID:19239890]


mammalian spliceosomal complex C location


mammalian spliceosomal complex C1 location


yeast spliceosomal complex A2-2 location


post-mRNA release spliceosomal complex location

A spliceosomal complex that is formed following the release of the spliced product from the post-spliceosomal complex and contains the excised intron and three snRNPs, including U5. [GOC:ab, GOC:krc, GOC:mah, ISBN:0879695897, ISBN:0879697393, PMID:19239890]


mammalian spliceosomal complex I location


A spliceosomal complex that is formed by the cooperative binding of the heterodimeric U11/U12 snRNP to the 5' splice site and the branch point sequence. The U12-type prespliceosome includes many proteins in addition to those found in the U11/U12 heterodimeric snRNPs. Commitment to a given pair of 5' and 3' splice sites occurs at the time of prespliceosome formation. [GOC:ab, GOC:krc, GOC:mah, PMID:10197985, PMID:16201866]


mammalian U12-type spliceosomal complex A location


yeast U12-type spliceosomal complex B location


A spliceosomal complex that is formed by the recruitment of the preassembled U4atac/U6atac.U5 tri-snRNP to the U12-type prespliceosome. Although all 5 snRNPs are present, the precatalytic spliceosome is catalytically inactive. The precatalytic spliceosome includes many proteins in addition to those found in the U11, U12 and U4atac/U6atac.U5 snRNPs. [GOC:ab, GOC:krc, GOC:mah, PMID:16201866]


mammalian U12-type spliceosomal complex B location


mammalian U12-type spliceosomal complex B1 location


U12-type activated spliceosome
minor catalytic step 1 spliceosome

A spliceosomal complex that is formed by the displacement of the U11 and U4atac snRNPs from the precatalytic spliceosome; the U12, U5 and U6atac snRNPs remain associated with the mRNA. This complex, sometimes called the activated spliceosome, is the catalytically active form of the spliceosome, and includes many proteins in addition to those found in the U12, and U5 and U6atac snRNPs. [GOC:ab, GOC:krc, GOC:mah, ISBN:0879695897, ISBN:0879697393, PMID:16201866]


mammalian U12-type spliceosomal complex B* location


mammalian U12-type spliceosomal complex B2 location


yeast U12-type spliceosomal complex A1 location


A spliceosomal complex that contains the U12, U5 and U6atac snRNPs bound to a splicing intermediate in which the first catalytic cleavage of the 5' splice site has occurred. The precise subunit composition differs significantly from that of the catalytic step 1, or activated, spliceosome, and includes many proteins in addition to those found in the U12, U5 and U6atac snRNPs. [GOC:ab, GOC:krc, GOC:mah, ISBN:0879695897, ISBN:0879697393, PMID:16201866]


mammalian U12-type spliceosomal complex C location


mammalian U12-type spliceosomal complex C1 location


yeast U12-type spliceosomal complex A2-2 location


U12-type post-mRNA release spliceosomal complex location

minor post-mRNA release spliceosomal complex location

A spliceosomal complex that is formed following the release of the spliced product from the post-spliceosomal complex and contains the excised intron and the U12, U5 and U6atac snRNPs. [GOC:ab, GOC:krc, GOC:mah, ISBN:0879695897, ISBN:0879697393, PMID:16201866]


AT-AC post-mRNA release spliceosomal complex location


mammalian U12-type spliceosomal complex I location