cap-independent translational initiation of circRNA

cap-independent translational initiation of circular RNA

The process where translation initiation recruits the 40S ribosomal subunits in a cap and 5' end independent fashion before an AUG codon is encountered in an appropriate sequence context to initiate circRNA translation. [GOC:sp, PMID:28281539, PMID:28344080, PMID:28344082]


IRES-dependent translational initiation of circRNA

IRES-dependent translational initiation of circular RNA

The process where translation initiation recruits the 40S ribosomal subunits via an internal ribosome entry segment (IRES) before an AUG codon is encountered in an appropriate sequence context to initiate circular mRNA translation. [GOC:sp, PMID:28281539, PMID:28344080, PMID:28344082]


regulation of actomyosin structure organization

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures containing both actin and myosin or paramyosin. [GOC:lf, PMID:22790195]


The multiplication or reproduction of cardiac muscle myoblasts, resulting in the expansion of a cardiac muscle myoblast cell population. A cardiac myoblast is a precursor cell that has been committed to a cardiac muscle cell fate but retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph, PMID:26512644]


regulation of cardiac muscle myoblast proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle myoblast proliferation. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph, PMID:26512644]


negative regulation of cardiac muscle myoblast proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle myoblast proliferation. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph, PMID:26512644]


positive regulation of cardiac muscle myoblast proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle myoblast proliferation. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph, PMID:26512644]


DNA strand resection involved in replication fork processing

The 5' to 3' exonucleolytic resection of DNA at the site of a stalled replication fork that contributes to replication fork processing. [GOC:mah, PMID:28475874]


regulation of DNA strand resection involved in replication fork processing

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA strand resection involved in replication fork processing. [GOC:mah, PMID:28475874]


negative regulation of DNA strand resection involved in replication fork processing

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA strand resection involved in replication fork processing. [GOC:mah, PMID:28475874]


positive regulation of mitotic spindle organization

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic spindle organization. [GOC:bhm, PMID:17576815]


Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of meiosis I, a cell cycle process comprising the steps by which a cell progresses through the first phase of meiosis, in which cells divide and homologous chromosomes are paired and segregated from each other, producing two daughter cells. [GOC:vw]


regulation of G2/MI transition of meiotic cell cycle

Any signalling pathway that modulates the activity of a cell cycle cyclin-dependent protein kinase to modulate the switch from G2 phase to MI phase of the meiotic cell cycle. [GOC:vw]


negative regulation of G2/MI transition of meiotic cell cycle

Any signalling pathway that decreases or inhibits the activity of a cell cycle cyclin-dependent protein kinase to modulate the switch from G2 phase to MI phase of the meiotic cell cycle. [GOC:vw, PMID:25492408]


positive regulation of G2/MI transition of meiotic cell cycle

Any signalling pathway that activates or increases the activity of a cell cycle cyclin-dependent protein kinase to modulate the switch from G2 phase to MI phase of the meiotic cell cycle. [GOC:vw, PMID:25492408]


regulation of adenylate cyclase-activating glucose-activated G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway

regulation of adenylate cyclase-activating glucose-activated G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the adenylate cyclase-activating glucose-activated G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of glucose binding to a G protein-coupled receptor, where the pathway proceeds with activation of adenylyl cyclase and a subsequent increase in the concentration of cyclic AMP (cAMP). [GOC:al, PMID:24297439]


negative regulation of adenylate cyclase-activating glucose-activated G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway

negative regulation of adenylate cyclase-activating glucose-activated G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the adenylate cyclase-activating glucose-activated G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway. [GOC:al, PMID:24297439]


rDNA spacer replication fork barrier binding, bending

The activity of binding selectively, and in a sequence-specific manner, a replication fork barrier found in rDNA spacers, and distorting the original structure of DNA, typically a straight helix, into a bend, or increasing the bend if the original structure was intrinsically bent due to its sequence. [GOC:al, GOC:vw, PMID:27035982]


Binding to the C2 domain of a protein, a protein structural domain involved in targeting proteins to cell membranes. [GOC:sl, PMID:24882364]


regulation of nematode male tail tip morphogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of nematode male tail tip morphogenesis, the process in which the anatomical structure of the adult male tail tip is generated and organized. [GOC:rz, PMID:28068334]


negative regulation of nematode male tail tip morphogenesis

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of nematode male tail tip morphogenesis. [GOC:rz, PMID:28068334]


positive regulation of nematode male tail tip morphogenesis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of nematode male tail tip morphogenesis. [GOC:rz, PMID:28068334]


The process in which the anatomical structures of the pharynx are generated and organized. [GOC:rz, PMID:20805556]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of pharynx morphogenesis, the process in which the anatomical structure of the pharynx is generated and organized. [GOC:rz, PMID:20805556]


negative regulation of pharynx morphogenesis

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of pharynx morphogenesis. [GOC:rz, PMID:20805556]


positive regulation of pharynx morphogenesis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of pharynx morphogenesis. [GOC:rz, PMID:20805556]


regulation of cell cycle switching, mitotic to meiotic cell cycle

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of mitotic to meiotic cell cycle switching, the process in which a cell switches cell cycle mode from mitotic to meiotic division. [GOC:al, PMID:17674143]


negative regulation of cell cycle switching, mitotic to meiotic cell cycle

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of mitotic to meiotic cell cycle switching, the process in which a cell switches cell cycle mode from mitotic to meiotic division. [GOC:al, PMID:17674143]


signal transduction involved in cell cycle switching, mitotic to meiotic cell cycle

A signal transduction process that contributes to cell cycle switching, mitotic to meiotic cell cycle. [GOC:al, PMID:17674143]


Catalysis of the reaction: N-(4-oxoglutarate)-L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = 2-oxoglutarate + L-cysteinylglycine. [GOC:ka, PMID:28373563, RHEA:54532]


A cellular process that, through single- or multi-step enzymatic reactions, repairs useless or toxic endogenous compounds, formed as by-products of primary metabolism, by converting them into useful metabolites. [GOC:ka, PMID:23334546, PMID:28373563]


A cellular process that, through single- or multi-step enzymatic reactions, repairs toxic endogenous compounds, formed as by-products of primary metabolism, by converting them into useful metabolites. [GOC:ka, GOC:vw, PMID:23334546]


regulation of actin filament organization

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of actin filament organization. [GOC:kmv]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of actin filament annealing, i.e. the end-to-end joining of existing actin filaments. [GOC:mah, PMID:10585915, PMID:11575927, PMID:15743909, PMID:19244341]


negative regulation of actin filament annealing

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of actin filament annealing, i.e. the end-to-end joining of existing actin filaments. [GOC:mah, PMID:15743909]


positive regulation of actin filament annealing

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of actin filament annealing, i.e. the end-to-end joining of existing actin filaments. [GOC:mah, PMID:10585915, PMID:11575927, PMID:19244341]


regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of blood vessel endothelial cell differentiation. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph, PMID:23072816]


positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of blood vessel endothelial cell differentiation. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph, PMID:23072816]


negative regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of blood vessel endothelial cell differentiation. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph, PMID:23072816]


regulation of angiotensin-activated signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the angiotensin-activated signaling pathway. [GOC:lf, PMID:28784619]


negative regulation of angiotensin-activated signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the angiotensin-activated signaling pathway. [GOC:lf, PMID:28784619]


positive regulation of angiotensin-activated signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the angiotensin-activated signaling pathway. [GOC:lf, PMID:28784619]


lncRNA catabolism
lncRNA degradation
lncRNA breakdown

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lncRNAs, non-coding RNAs over 200 nucleotides in length. [GOC:al, PMID:24493644]


regulation of mitotic telomere clustering during interphase

regulation of interphase mitotic telomere clustering

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic telomere clustering during interphase. [GOC:vw, PMID:25778919]


negative regulation of mitotic telomere clustering during interphase

negative regulation of interphase mitotic telomere clustering

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic telomere clustering during interphase. [GOC:vw, PMID:25778919]


ammonium transmembrane transporter complex location

High affinity ammonium transporter complex that enables the transfer of ammonium from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:bhm, PMID:17026539, PMID:23463773]


Catalysis of the reaction: glucosylglycerate + phosphate = glucose-1-phosphate + D-glycerate. [GOC:imk, PMID:28754708]


The separation of a syncytial embryo into individual cells. [GOC:ha, PMID:27226317]


A plasma membrane invagination at the site of separation of a multi-nucleate cell or syncytium into individual cells. [GOC:ha, PMID:27226317]


cellularization cleavage furrow invagination front

The base of the cellularization invagination or cleavage furrow most distal to the original multi-nucleate cell or syncytium plasma membrane. [GOC:ha, PMID:27226317]


apical constriction involved in ventral furrow formation

The actin-mediated process that results in contraction of the apical end of a polarized columnar epithelial cell, contributing to formation of a ventral indentation (furrow) from the blastoderm epithelium, which is internalized to form a tube in the interior of the embryo, marking the start of gastrulation. [GOC:ha, PMID:28495958]


regulation of apical constriction involved in ventral furrow formation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of apical constriction involved in ventral furrow formation. [GOC:ha, PMID:28495958]


positive regulation of apical constriction involved in ventral furrow formation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of apical constriction involved in ventral furrow formation. [GOC:ha, PMID:28495958]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ferroptosis. [GOC:sp, PMID:24439385, PMID:25402683, PMID:29290465]


Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ferroptosis. [GOC:sp, PMID:24439385, PMID:25402683, PMID:29290465]


A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in extracellular vesicles between cells; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the extracellular vesicle membrane. [GOC:sp, PMID:29328915, PMID:29328916]


A protein complex responsible for the stabilisation of protein levels of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related protein kinase (PIKK) family proteins. The TTT complex can also be found as part of the ASTRA complex (GO:0070209). [GOC:lnp, PMID:20810650, PMID:22505622, PMID:28827813]


regulation of placenta blood vessel development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of placenta blood vessel development. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph, PMID:27748453]


positive regulation of placenta blood vessel development

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of placenta blood vessel development. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph, PMID:27748453]


negative regulation of placenta blood vessel development

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of placenta blood vessel development. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph, PMID:27748453]


regulation of protein localization to cell division site involved in mitotic actomyosin contractile ring assembly

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to cell division site involved in mitotic actomyosin contractile ring assembly. [GOC:vw, PMID:29343550]


positive regulation of protein localization to cell division site involved in mitotic actomyosin contractile ring assembly

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to cell division site involved in mitotic actomyosin contractile ring assembly. [GOC:vw, PMID:29343550]


negative regulation of protein localization to cell division site involved in mitotic actomyosin contractile ring assembly

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to cell division site involved in mitotic actomyosin contractile ring assembly. [GOC:vw, PMID:29343550]


A cytoskeletal structure composed of actin filaments, myosin, and myosin-associated proteins that forms beneath the plasma membrane of many cells, including animal cells and yeast cells, in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the mitotic spindle, i.e. the cell division plane. Ring contraction is associated with centripetal growth of the membrane that divides the cytoplasm of the two future daughter cells. In animal cells, the mitotic contractile ring is located inside the plasma membrane at the location of the cleavage furrow. In budding fungal cells, e.g. mitotic S. cerevisiae cells, the mitotic contractile ring forms beneath the plasma membrane at the mother-bud neck before mitosis. [GOC:vw, PMID:27505246]


A cytoskeletal structure composed of actin filaments, myosin, and myosin-associated proteins that forms beneath the plasma membrane of many cells, including animal cells and yeast cells, in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the meiotic spindle, i.e. the cell division plane. Ring contraction is associated with centripetal growth of the membrane that divides the cytoplasm of the two future daughter cells. In animal cells, the meiotic contractile ring is located inside the plasma membrane at the location of the cleavage furrow. In fungal cells, the meiotic contractile ring forms beneath the plasma membrane of the prospore envelope in preparation for completing cytokinesis. [GOC:vw, PMID:22526418]


Any apoptotic process that occurs in a hippocampal neuron. [GOC:sl, PMID:18940801]


regulation of hippocampal neuron apoptotic process

Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of cell death by apoptotic process in hippocampal neurons. [GOC:sl, PMID:18940801]


positive regulation of hippocampal neuron apoptotic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process in hippocampal neurons. [GOC:sl, PMID:18940801]


negative regulation of hippocampal neuron apoptotic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process in hippocampal neurons. [GOC:sl, PMID:18940801]


The area of a motile nucleus closest to the direction of movement. [GOC:al, GOC:mah, GOC:vw, PMID:15030757, PMID:24335254]


The area of a motile nucleus furthest from the direction of movement. [GOC:kmv, PMID:24335254]


Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another using polyphosphate as the signal. [GOC:rjd, PMID:27519410, PMID:28584190]


Any process carried out at the cellular level that reduces or removes the toxicity of an aldehyde. These may include transport of aldehydes away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration of the toxic substance. [GOC:vw, PMID:25656103]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an aldehyde stimulus. [GOC:vw, PMID:25656103]


regulation of calcium import into the mitochondrion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of calcium import into the mitochondrion. [GOC:sl, PMID:24085037]


positive regulation of calcium import into the mitochondrion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of calcium import into the mitochondrion. [GOC:sl, PMID:24085037]


negative regulation of calcium import into the mitochondrion

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of calcium ion import into the mitochondrion. [GOC:sl, PMID:24085037]


The release of duplicated spindle pole bodies (SPBs) and their migration away from each other within the nuclear membrane. Duplicated SPBs are connected by a bridge structure that is severed in order to release the SPBs from one another. Following liberation, SPBs diffuse through the nuclear membrane until they are across from each other. SPB separation must take place in order for a bipolar spindle to assemble. [GOC:vw]


L-valine transmembrane import into vacuole

The directed movement of L-valine into the vacuole across the vacuolar membrane. [GOC:al, PMID:20944394]


ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase complex. [GOC:krc, GOC:tb, PMID:29396988, PMID:29589905]


RNA polymerase II termination complex location

A conserved protein complex capable of 5'-3' exoribonuclease activity. It is able to promote RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) transcription termination by degrading pre-mRNA from the newly formed 5' phosphorylated end. [GOC:lnp, PMID:23200120, PMID:25722373]


The process of generating multiple mRNA molecules with variable 3'-end length formation from a given pre-mRNA by differential use of cleavage and polyadenylation signals (pA signals). [GOC:ans, PMID:28453393, PMID:29276085]


mRNA cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the mRNA cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor complex. [GOC:mah, PMID:27401558]


plasma membrane bounded cell projection morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of a plasma membrane bounded cell projection are generated and organized. [GOC:krc]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage proliferation. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph]


positive regulation of macrophage proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage proliferation. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph]


negative regulation of macrophage proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage proliferation. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph]


The shaft comprises the majority of the length of the stereocilium. This region is notable for the extreme stability of actin filaments, which are highly crosslinked into a parallel bundle. [GOC:krc, PMID:20170899]


The tapered base of the stereocilium adjacent to where it joins the hair cell body. This region contains a rootlet comprised of bundled actin filaments which spans the joint and stabilizes the stereocilium. [GOC:krc, PMID:20170899]


The organization process that preserves a stereocilium in a stable functional or structural state. [GOC:krc, PMID:27693694]


regulation of protein localization to medial cortical node

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to a medial cortical node. [PMID:19474789]


positive regulation of protein localization to medial cortical node

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to a medial cortical node. [PMID:19474789]


U6 snRNA (adenine-(43)-N(6))-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + adenine(43) in U6 snRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N(6)-methyladenine(43) in U6 snRNA. [PMID:28525753]


The posttranscriptional N6-methylation of an adenine residue in an snRNA molecule. [PMID:28525753]


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-D-xylose + D-ribitol 5-phosphate-R = UDP + beta1,4-xylosyl-D-ribitol 5-phosphate-R. [PMID:27733679]


small intestine transit
small bowel transit

Migration of ingested material along the length of the small intestine. [GOC:sl, PMID:15890336]


colonic transit
colon transit
large bowel transit
large intestine transit

Migration of ingested material along the length of the large intestine. [GOC:sl, PMID:28157109]


regulation of small intestine transit
regulation of small bowel transit

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any small intestinal transit process, the migration of ingested material along the length of the small intestine. [GOC:sl, PMID:15890336]


positive regulation of small intestine transit

positive regulation of small bowel transit

positive regulation of small intestinal transit

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of any small intestinal transit process, the migration of ingested material along the length of the small intestine. [GOC:sl, PMID:15890336]


negative regulation of small intestine transit

negative regulation of small bowel transit

negative regulation of small intestinal transit

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of any small intestinal transit process, the migration of ingested material along the length of the small intestine. [GOC:sl, PMID:15890336]


Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of any gastric emptying process, the process in which the liquid and liquid-suspended solid contents of the stomach exit through the pylorus into the duodenum. [GOC:sl, PMID:15890336]


Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of any gastric emptying process, the process in which the liquid and liquid-suspended solid contents of the stomach exit through the pylorus into the duodenum. [GOC:sl, PMID:15890336]


A process in which force is generated within gastric smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs throughout the length of the stomach. [GOC:sl, PMID:15890336]


stomach pylorus smooth muscle contraction

A process in which force is generated within gastric smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs in the most distal part of the stomach. [GOC:sl, PMID:15890336]


pyloric antrum smooth muscle contraction

A process in which force is generated within gastric smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs in the widest part of the pylorus that is continuous with the body of the stomach. [GOC:sl, PMID:15890336]


A process in which force is generated within gastric smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs in the distal part of the pylorus between the pyloric antrum and the pyloric sphincter. [GOC:sl, PMID:15890336]


pyloric sphincter smooth muscle contraction

A process in which force is generated within gastric smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs in the narrowest part of the pylorus that separates the stomach from the duodenum. [GOC:sl, PMID:15890336]


regulation of stomach fundus smooth muscle contraction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any stomach fundus smooth muscle contraction. [GOC:sl, PMID:15890336]


positive regulation of stomach fundus smooth muscle contraction

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of any stomach fundus smooth muscle contraction. [GOC:sl, PMID:15890336]


negative regulation of stomach fundus smooth muscle contraction

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of any stomach fundus smooth muscle contraction. [GOC:sl, PMID:15890336]


regulation of pyloric antrum smooth muscle contraction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any pyloric antrum smooth muscle contraction. [GOC:sl, PMID:15890336]


positive regulation of pyloric antrum smooth muscle contraction

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of any pyloric antrum smooth muscle contraction. [GOC:sl, PMID:15890336]


negative regulation of pyloric antrum smooth muscle contraction

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of any pyloric antrum smooth muscle contraction. [GOC:sl, PMID:15890336]


regulation of endocardial cushion cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell differentiation, the process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of an endocardial cushion cell. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph]


positive regulation of endocardial cushion cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of endocardial cushion cell differentiation. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph]


negative regulation of endocardial cushion cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of endocardial cushion cell differentiation. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph]


The connection of an angiogenic sprout to another vessel or sprout during the formation of vascular networks by sprouting angiogenesis. [GOC:cvs, PMID:28264837]


cell adhesion involved in blood vessel anastomosis

cell adhesion involved in sprouting angiogenesis

The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules that contributes to the formation of a blood vessel network. [GOC:cvs, PMID:28264837]


cell adhesion involved in vascular anastomosis


endothelial tip cell filopodium assembly

The assembly of a filopodium, a thin, stiff protrusion extended by the endothelial tip cell of a vascular sprout. [GOC:cvs, PMID:28264837]


transposon integration involved in RNA-mediated transposition

Any transposon integration that contributes to a process of RNA-mediated transposition. [GOC:mah, PMID:26358720]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate = diphosphate + (3S)-(+)-asterisca-2(9),6-diene. [PMID:27862766]


Catalyzes the hydroxylation of jasmonic acid to 12OH-jasmonic acid. [PMID:28559313, PMID:28760569]


Catalysis of the reaction: Acetyl-CoA + [protein]-L-lysine = CoA + [protein]-N(6)-acetyl-L-lysine. [PMID:28803779]


regulation of peptidyl-lysine crotonylation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of crotonylation of a lysine residue in a protein. [PMID:28803779]


negative regulation of peptidyl-lysine crotonylation

Any process that stops or reduces the rate of crotonylation of a lysine residue in a protein. [PMID:28803779]


VICS
vacuole-phagophore contact site
vacuole-IM contact site

An organelle membrane contact site formed at the junction of the vacuolar membrane and the isolation membrane or phagophore in response to starvation or other stresses, leading to the formation of the autophagosome. [PMID:23549786]


glycosylphosphatidylinositol-mannosyltransferase II complex location

A protein complex that is involved in the transfer of the second mannose to the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) during GPI precursor assembly. In yeast S. cerevisiae this complex consists of GPI18p and PGA1p. [GOC:bhm, PMID:17615295]


procentriole replication complex location

A protein complex that acts as a chaperone or scaffold for centriolar proteins during the maturation of the procentriole. Some of its members may become integrated into the growing centriole. Examples are the CPAP(CENPJ)-STIL complex, CEP192-PLK4 complex or CEP152-PLK4 complex in vertebrates. [GOC:bhm, PMID:17576815, PMID:18207742, PMID:21059844, PMID:22020124, PMID:24997597]


A transmembrane complex embedded in the cytoplasmic membrane which is the motor force, or torque, generator of the bacterial-type flagellum. The motor consists of a membrane-anchored rotor complex surrounded by one or more stator complexes in the cytoplasmic membrane. The stator consists of a hetero-hexameric complex of 2 membrane proteins, A and B, with stoichiometry A4B2. Examples are the H+ driven MotA-MotB stator complex of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica, and the Na+ driven PomA-PomB stator complex of Vibrio and Shewanella species. The rotor complex consists of a membrane-anchored ring and the motor switch complex, which controls the direction of flagellar rotation. [DOI:10.1002/9780470015902.a0000744.pub4, GOC:cilia, PMID:10572114, PMID:12624192, PMID:24697492, PMID:25251856]


bacterial-type flagellum torque generator complex location

bacterial-type flagellum motor force generator complex location

bacterial-type flagellum stator complex location

A hetero-hexameric complex of 2 membrane proteins, A and B, with stoichiometry A4B2. The A and B proteins form a channel through which flow the ions that power the bacterial-type flagellum. They form the stator, or nonrotating portion, of the flagellum motor with the B protein apparently attached to the peptidoglycan cell wall. Examples include the H+ driven MotA-MotB stator complex of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica, and the Na+ driven PomA-PomB stator complex of Vibrio and Shewanella species. [GOC:cilia, PMID:10572114, PMID:12624192, PMID:24697492, PMID:25251856]


bacterial-type flagellum export apparatus

bacterial-type flagellum secretion apparatus

A part of the bacterial-type flagellum that is located at the cytoplasmic side of the MS ring and composed of six membrane proteins (FlhA, FlhB, FliP, FliQ, FliR, and FliO, or orthologs thereof) and three soluble proteins (FliI, FliH, and FliJ, or orthologs thereof) in the cytoplasm. It is responsible for secretion of flagellar type III protein substrates, including the proteins of the flagellar rod, hook, and filament. [DOI:10.1002/9780470015902.a0000744.pub4, GOC:cilia, PMID:10572114, PMID:12624192, PMID:24697492, PMID:25251856]


subdistal appendage of mother centriole
subdistal appendage of basal body
subdistal appendage of centriole

A protein complex which assembles on the mother centriole during cilium formation, adjacent and proximal to a centriolar distal appendage. In human, it contains ODF2, CNTRL, NIN, CCDC120c and CCDC68. [GOC:cilia, PMID:23213374, PMID:27818179, PMID:28422092]


mitotic actomyosin contractile ring, proximal layer

The region of the mitotic actomyosin ring adjacent to the plasma membrane where membrane bound scaffolds are located. [GOC:krc, GOC:vw, PMID:28914606]


mitotic actomyosin contractile ring, intermediate layer

The region of the mitotic actomyosin ring in between the proximal layer and the actin filament layer. This region contains the accessory protein network, some actin filaments and connections between the proximal layer and the actin filament layer. [GOC:krc, GOC:vw, PMID:28914606]


mitotic actomyosin contractile ring, distal actin filament layer

The region of the mitotic actomyosin ring containing actin filaments and cross linkers, myosin motors, and connections to the plasma membrane through the intermediate layer. It is further from the plasma membrane than the intermediate layer which it is adjacent to. [GOC:krc, GOC:vw, PMID:28914606]


bacterial-type flagellum rotor complex location

The rotor complex of the bacterial-type flagellum consists of a membrane-anchored ring and the motor switch complex, which participates in the conversion of proton/Na+ energy into the mechanical work of rotation and controls the direction of flagellar rotation. [GOC:cilia, PMID:10572114, PMID:12624192, PMID:25251856]


Catalysis of the reaction: (DNA)-3'-diphospho-5'-guanosine + H(2)O <=> (DNA)-3'-phosphate + GMP. [PMID:26007660, RHEA:52140]


mitotic telomere clustering and tethering at nuclear periphery

The process in which the telomeres are gathered together to a small number of foci per chromosome (usually one per chromosome or fewer), and moved to and tethered at the nuclear periphery, as part of a mitotic cell cycle. [PMID:25778919]


mitotic telomere clustering during interphase

The process whereby the mitotic telomeres are gathered together during, or prior to, attachment to the nuclear envelope. [PMID:25778919]


All of the contents of a plasma membrane bounded neuron projection, excluding the plasma membrane surrounding the projection. [GOC:ha]


UDP-glucose transmembrane transport into endoplasmic reticulum

The directed movement of UDP-glucose from cytosol to endoplasmic reticulum. [PMID:27587357]


protein localization by the Nbr1-mediated vacuolar targeting pathway

cytoplasm to vacuole transport by the NVT pathway

A pathway targeting soluble cytosolic proteins to the vacuole lumen. It uses a selective autophagy receptor protein Nbr1, which is an ortholog of mammalian NBR1, and is remotely related to S. cerevisiae Cvt pathway receptor protein Atg19. Similar to the Cvt pathway, the cargos transported by this pathway are hydrolases, which presumably contribute to the hydrolytic activities in the vacuole lumen. Different from the Cvt pathway, this pathway does not require the macroautophagy machinery, but instead relies on the ESCRT machinery for cargo sequestration. This pathway is observed in the fission yeast S. pombe. [PMID:26365378]


A protein complex containing members of the Like-Sm family of proteins, which includes both the Sm proteins and the Lsm proteins, and which generally form hexameric or heptameric ring structures which bind to RNA. While some of these ring complexes may form independently of RNA, many only form in association with their target RNA. In addition to Lsm-family proteins, many of these complexes contain additional protein members. Members of this family of complexes include the snRNPs which comprise the majority of the spliceosome. Others are involved in the 5' to 3' degradation pathways of mRNAs in the cytoplasm and of unspliced transcripts in the nucleus, as well as other diverse roles. [GOC:bhm, GOC:krc, PMID:19121818, PMID:27627834]


A heteroheptameric, nuclear protein complex composed of Lsm2, Lsm3, Lsm4, Lsm5, Lsm6, Lsm7, and Lsm8, or orthologs thereof, that selectively binds to snRNAs, in particular U6 or U6atac snRNAs, and also to unspliced transcripts localized within the nucleus. [GOC:bhm, GOC:krc, PMID:19121818, PMID:23221597, PMID:27627834, PMID:28768202]


The formation of mature glucagon by proteolysis of the precursor proglucagon. [PMID:28719828]


The random-like motility observed for T cells in lymph nodes which enhances surveillance of antigens presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules on antigen presenting cells (APCs). [GOC:add, GOC:krc, PMID:25083865]


A mobile transmembrane junction at the tip of the flagellum of some kinetoplastid species linking the tip of a new growing flagellum to an older flagellum. [PMID:11641501, PMID:15075226, PMID:16954145, PMID:26820516]


A network of cytoskeletal and membranous connections responsible for the lateral attachment of the cilium to the cell body in some trypanosomatid species. [PMID:10361731, PMID:16414276, PMID:17945531, PMID:20541452, PMID:25972344, PMID:2606941, PMID:26746239, PMID:26776656]


kinetoplastid flagellar hook complex location

A cytoskeletal structure in some kinetoplastid species linking the structures of the ciliary pocket collar and the flagellum attachment zone (aka cilium attachment zone). [PMID:22327007, PMID:22445359, PMID:26540076]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving prolactin, a protein hormone of the anterior pituitary gland that promotes lactation in response to the suckling stimulus of hungry young mammals. [PMID:11015620]


ubiquitin activating enzyme complex location

A protein complex responsible for the catalysis of the reaction: E1 + ubiquitin + ATP--> E1-ubiquitin + AMP + PPi, where the E1-ubiquitin linkage is a thioester bond between the C-terminal glycine of Ub and a sulfhydryl side group of an E1 cysteine residue. This is the first step in a cascade of reactions in which ubiquitin is ultimately added to a protein substrate. [GOC:lnp, PMID:9545234]


membrane fusion priming complex location

A protein complex that primes vacuolar or vesicular membranes for fusion with other intracellular membranes, by promoting the dissociation of cis-SNARE complexes. [GOC:lnp, PMID:9015301]


A protein complex responsible for the catalysis of the reaction: 4-N-(N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)-protein + H2O = N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminylamine + peptide L-aspartate. This reaction is the hydrolysis of an N4-(acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)asparagine residue in which the N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residue may be further glycosylated, to yield a (substituted) N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminylamine and the peptide containing an aspartic residue. [GOC:lnp, PMID:15964983, PMID:16249333]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a starvation stimulus, deprivation of copper ion. [GOC:sl, PMID:24024382]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a starvation stimulus, deprivation of zinc ion. [GOC:sl, PMID:24024381]


positive regulation of programmed cell death, bone marrow cells

upregulation of apoptosis in bone marrow

positive regulation of bone marrow cell programmed cell death by apoptosis

positive regulation of programmed cell death of bone marrow cells by apoptosis

up regulation of apoptosis in bone marrow

positive regulation of killing of bone marrow cells

positive regulation of bone marrow cell apoptosis

up-regulation of apoptosis in bone marrow

positive regulation of apoptotic process in bone marrow cell

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process in the bone marrow. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph, PMID:27908889]


positive regulation of apoptosis in bone marrow


down regulation of actin cortical patch assembly

down-regulation of actin cortical patch assembly

downregulation of actin cortical patch assembly

negative regulation of actin cortical patch assembly

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of actin cortical patches. [PMID:19962315]


inhibition of actin cortical patch assembly


The portion of the axoneme that is close to the base of the cilium. [GOC:krc]


The portion of the axoneme that is close to the tip of the cilium. [GOC:krc]


deoxyuridine monophosphate kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + dUMP = ADP + dUDP. [PMID:3010881, RHEA:30655]


positive regulation of all-trans-retinyl-ester hydrolase, 11-cis retinol forming activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency or rate of all-trans-retinyl-ester hydrolase, 11-cis retinol forming activity. [PMID:23407971]


regulation of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 5-phosphatase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 5-phosphatase activity. [PMID:17097615]


positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 5-phosphatase activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 5-phosphatase activity. [PMID:17097615]


negative regulation of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 5-phosphatase activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 5-phosphatase activity. [PMID:17097615]


regulation of ecdysone receptor-mediated signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of any ecdysone receptor-mediated signaling pathway. [GOC:ha, PMID:23072462]


positive regulation of ecdysone receptor-mediated signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of any ecdysone receptor-mediated signaling pathway. [GOC:ha, PMID:23072462]


negative regulation of ecdysone receptor-mediated signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of any ecdysone receptor-mediated signaling pathway. [GOC:ha, PMID:23072462]


protein localisation to basal ectoplasmic specialization

protein localisation in basal ectoplasmic specialization

protein localization in basal ectoplasmic specialization

protein localization to basal ectoplasmic specialization

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a basal ectoplasmic specialization. [PMID:22872576]


3-O-sulfogalactosylceramide binding
SM4 binding
sulfated galactocerebroside binding

Binding to sulfatide, also known as 3-O-sulfogalactosylceramide, SM4, or sulfated galactocerebroside. Sulfatide is a class of sulfoglycolipid, which are glycolipids that contain a sulfate group. [GOC:krc, PMID:21525289, PMID:22619219, PMID:22977233, PMID:23574804, PMID:29497057, PMID:3549017, Wikipedia:Sulfatide]


Catalysis of the reaction: A [sulfatase]-L-cysteine + O(2) + 2 a thiol = a [sulfatase]-3-oxo-L-alanine + hydrogen sulfide + a disulfide + H(2)O. [EC:1.8.3.7, RHEA:51152]


A structure in a host cell comprised of a core structure (in most organisms, a pair of centrioles) and peripheral material from which a microtubule-based structure, such as a spindle apparatus, is organized. Centrosomes occur close to the nucleus during interphase in many eukaryotic cells, though in animal cells it changes continually during the cell-division cycle. [ISBN:0198547684]


A small host cell organelle enclosed by a single membrane, and found in most eukaryotic cells. Contains peroxidases and other enzymes involved in a variety of metabolic processes including free radical detoxification, lipid catabolism and biosynthesis, and hydrogen peroxide metabolism. [PMID:9302272]


regulation of mitotic contractile actomyosin ring disassembly

regulation of mitotic cytokinetic ring disassembly

regulation of mitotic constriction ring disassembly

regulation of mitotic actomyosin ring disassembly

regulation of mitotic actomyosin contractile ring disassembly

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic actomyosin contractile ring disassembly. [PMID:19109423]


positive regulation of mitotic actomyosin ring disassembly

positive regulation of mitotic contractile actomyosin ring disassembly

positive regulation of mitotic constriction ring disassembly

positive regulation of mitotic CAR disassembly

positive regulation of mitotic cytokinetic ring disassembly

positive regulation of mitotic actomyosin contractile ring disassembly

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic actomyosin contractile ring disassembly. [PMID:19109423]


calcium-dependent outer dynein arm binding

Binding to an outer dynein arm in the presence of calcium. [GOC:krc, PMID:18620543]


Binding to a carbohydrate in the presence of calcium. [PMID:25912189]


negative regulation of ERBB4 signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ERBB4 signaling pathway. [PMID:15219672]


Mlc1p-Iqg1p-Hof1p complex location
Mlc1p-Iqg1p-Hof1p complex
MIH complex location

A trimeric complex involved in cytokinesis. Proposed to bridge actomyosin ring contraction and septum synthesis in yeast, resulting in the coordination of these processes, and leading to plasma membrane ingression and fusion. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae this complex consists of Mlc1p, Iqg1p and Hof1p proteins. [GOC:rn, PMID:24413167, PMID:24895401]


apical polarity complex
PAR polarity complex location
apical polarity complex location

A protein kinase complex that is required for the establishment of a cell polarity axis during the cell division cycle. Binds directly to activated CDC42 GTPase and is required for orchestrating a cellular gradient of CDC42. In S. cerevisiae components are: BEM1, CDC24 and CLA4; from worms to vertebrates it contains a PAR6 protein, PAR3 protein and an atypical PKC. [GOC:lnp, PMID:11113154, PMID:18005931, PMID:22500799, PMID:28682236]


positive regulation of collagen catabolism

positive regulation of collagen breakdown

up regulation of collagen catabolic process

positive regulation of collagen degradation

upregulation of collagen catabolic process

up-regulation of collagen catabolic process

positive regulation of collagen catabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of collagen catabolism. Collagen catabolism is the proteolytic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of collagen in the extracellular matrix. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


activation of collagen catabolic process


Catalysis of the reaction: an rRNA uridine = an rRNA pseudouridine. Conversion of uridine in an rRNA molecule to pseudouridine by rotation of the C1'-N-1 glycosidic bond of uridine in RNA to a C1'-C5. [PMID:28432181]


23S rRNA pseudouridine(1911/1915/1917) synthase


23S rRNA pseudouridine(955/2504/2580) synthase


intraflagellar transport particle A binding

intraciliary transport complex A binding

intraflagellar transport complex A binding

intraciliary transport particle A binding

Binding to an intraciliary transport particle A (IFT A) complex. [PMID:20889716]


regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cold-induced thermogenesis. [PMID:27876809]


positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cold-induced thermogenesis. [PMID:27876809]


negative regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of cold-induced thermogenesis. [PMID:27876809]


The physiological and developmental changes that occur in a conidium or asexual spore following release from dormancy up to the earliest signs of development such as swelling of conidia, adhesion and nuclear decondensation followed by hyphal growth several hours later. In many genera of plant pathogenic fungi (e.g. Magnaporthe, Colletotrichum, Ustilago), swelling of the hyphal tips to form appressorium, metabolic activities including respiration, RNA and protein synthesis and trehalose breakdown and changes in cell wall composition can be detected in conidium germination. [DOI:10.1128/9781555815523.ch10, PMID:10835388, PMID:11377860, PMID:17950638, PMID:18944978, PMID:25063657, PMID:27355215, PMID:9529886]


The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a perithecium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Peritheicum is a flask-shaped fruiting body of certain molds and ascomycetous fungi having a pore for the escape of spores. In the ascomycetous fungi such as Neurospora crassa and Sordaria macrospora, these perithecia are formed in the sexual phase and they discharge ascospores through the ostiolum at the tip of the perithecial neck. [DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-00286-1_2, PMID:125266, PMID:19547974, PMID:20739093, PMID:25311923]


The process of producing fruiting body precursors, called protoperithecia. Protoperitheicium is a spherical structure that is formed in the sexual phase of ascomycetous fungi such as Neurospora crassa and Sordaria macrospora. Protoperithecium is formed by the enveloping of ascogonia cells by sterile hyphae and it develops into perithecium. [DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-00286-1_2, PMID:125266, PMID:20739093, PMID:25311923, PMID:4410944, PMID:6235211, PMID:6235212]


plus-end-directed endosome transport along mitotic spindle midzone microtubule

The directed movement of an endosome towards the plus end of a microtubule, mediated by motor proteins. This process begins with the attachment of an endosome to a microtubule, and ends when the endosome reaches its final destination. [PMID:24803650, PMID:25706234]


contractile vacuole tethering involved in discharge

The initial, indirect interaction between a contractile vacuole membrane and a site of discharge in the plasma membrane. This interaction is mediated by tethering factors (or complexes), which interact with both membranes. Interaction can occur via direct binding to membrane phospholipids or membrane proteins, or via binding to vesicle coat proteins. This process is distinct from and prior to docking and fusion. [PMID:22323285]


contractile vacuole tethering to plasma membrane


contractile vacuole detethering from plasma membrane

contractile vacuole dissociation from plasma membrane

The dissociation of the contractile vacuole after discharge, from the plasma membrane. This interaction is mediated by detethering factors that initiate the process of tubulation and fragmentation of the empty contractile vacuole bladder, which is then reincorporated into the CV network. [PMID:22323285]


establishment of contractile vacuole localization


pore formation during contractile vacuole discharge

The formation of a transient pore in the plasma membrane and the attached contractile vacuolar membrane, to release water from the cell. This process does not involve fusion of the two membranes. [PMID:22323285, Wikipedia:Exocytosis]


The cellular processes that contribute to exocytosis. [Wikipedia:Exocytosis]


Binding to a protein upon post-translation modification of the target protein. [PMID:26060076]


Binding to a protein upon phosphorylation of the target protein. [PMID:26060076]


Binding to a protein upon glycosylation of the target protein. [PMID:26060076]


Binding to a protein upon acetylation of the target protein. [PMID:26060076]


Binding to a protein upon methylation of the target protein. [PMID:26060076]


ubiquitination-like modification-dependent protein binding

Binding to a protein upon modification by a ubiquitin-like protein of the target protein. [PMID:26060076]


Binding to a protein upon ubiquitination of the target protein. [PMID:26060076]


Binding to a protein upon sumoylation of the target protein. [PMID:26060076]


cell-cell adhesion in response to extracellular stimulus

The attachment of one cell to another cell via adhesion molecules as a result of an extracellular stimulus. [PMID:14996911]


mitochondrial polycistronic RNA processing

The conversion of polycistronic RNA transcribed from a mitochondrial genome into mono- or bi-cistronic RNAs. [PMID:20211597]


cellular detoxification of methylglyoxal

Any process carried out at the cellular level that reduces or removes the toxicity of methylglyoxal. [PMID:15042280]


lipid body formation
lipid particle formation
adiposome formation

A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts of a lipid droplet. [PMID:28011631]


adiposome localization to FSM membrane leading edge

lipid body localization to FSM membrane leading edge

adiposome localization to ascospore-type prospore membrane leading edge

lipid body localization to ascospore-type prospore membrane leading edge

lipid particle localization to ascospore-type prospore membrane leading edge

lipid particle localization to FSM membrane leading edge

lipid droplet localization to prospore membrane leading edge

Any process in which a lipid droplet is transported to, or maintained to the prospore membrane leading edge. [PMID:28011631]


adiposome localization to forespore membrane leading edge


lipid body localization to forespore membrane leading edge


lipid particle localization to forespore membrane leading edge


manganese ion export across plasma membrane

The directed movement of manganese ions from inside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the extracellular region. [PMID:25319704]


regulation of endocardial cushion to mesenchymal transition

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of endocardial cushion to mesenchymal transition. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph, PMID:21778427]


negative regulation of endocardial cushion to mesenchymal transition

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of endocardial cushion to mesenchymal transition. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph, PMID:21778427]


positive regulation of endocardial cushion to mesenchymal transition

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of endocardial cushion to mesenchymal transition. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph, PMID:21778427]


cellular response to oxidized low-density lipoprotein particle stimulus

cellular response to oxLDL particle stimulus

cellular response to oxidized LDL particle stimulus

cellular response to ox-LDL particle stimulus

cellular response to oxidised LDL particle stimulus

cellular response to oxidised low-density lipoprotein particle stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an oxidized lipoprotein particle stimulus. [GOC:aruk, GOC:BHF, PMID:20037584, PMID:27607416]


The process in which a mitochondrial gene's sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form. [PMID:27058308]


organelle localization by membrane tethering

The process by which an organelle membrane interacts with another membrane via molecular tethers that physically bridge the two membranes and attach them to each other. [PMID:27875684]


The attachment of a mitochondrial membrane to a vacuolar membrane via molecular tethers that physically bridge their respective membranes and attach them to each other. The tethering may facilitate exchange of metabolites between the organelles. [PMID:27875684]


neurite arborization
neuron projection branching
neurite branching

The process in which the anatomical structures of a neuron projection are generated and organized into branches. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:17114044, PMID:23270857, PMID:23764288]


branching morphogenesis of a neuron projection


The process in which the terminal anatomical structures of an axon are generated and organized into branches of specialised projections, or boutons. An axon is the long process of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses, usually away from the cell body to the terminal branches. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:23764288]


Catalysis of the reaction: 5-hydroxymethylcytosine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = 5-formylcytosine + succinate + CO2. [PMID:27918559]


Catalysis of the reaction: 5-formylcytosine+ 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = 5-carboxylcytosine + succinate + CO2. [PMID:27918559]


Catalysis of the reaction: crotonyl-CoA + lysine in peptide = CoA + N-crotonyl-lysine-peptide. [PMID:25818647]


Catalysis of the reaction: butyryl-CoA + lysine in peptide = CoA + N-butyryl-lysine-peptide. [PMID:27105113]


The crotonylation of a lysine residue in a protein. Crotonyl is the univalent radical CH3-CH=CH-CO- derived from crotonic acid. [PMID:25818647, Wikipedia:crotonyl]


The butyrylation of a lysine residue in a protein. Butyryl is the univalent radical C3H7COO- derived from butyric acid. [PMID:27105113, Wikipedia:butyryl]


Catalysis of the reaction: crotonyl-CoA + histone = CoA + crotonyl-histone. [PMID:25818647]


Catalysis of the reaction: butyryl-CoA + histone = CoA + butyryl-histone. [PMID:27105113]


cardiac endothelial to mesenchymal transition

A transition where a cardiac endothelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell. Endocardial cells (specialized endothelial cells that line the heart) undergo EndMT, and give rise to mesenchymal cells necessary for proper heart development. EndMT, specifically generates valve progenitor cells that give rise to the mitral and tricuspid valves. EndMT also contributes to endocardial cushion formation, as well as to generation of cardiac fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells, but not cardiac myocytes. [GOC:BHF, GOC:nc, PMID:16162442, PMID:26053665]


Any process that controls lipoprotein transport. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:RPH, PMID:26501192]


negative regulation of lipoprotein transport

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lipoprotein transport. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:RPH, PMID:26501192]


positive regulation of lipoprotein transport

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of lipoprotein transport. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:RPH, PMID:26501192]


class III/IV DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) endonuclease activity

Catalysis of the cleavage of an AP site 3' and 5' of the baseless site, generating a 3'-phosphate and a 5'-OH. [PMID:2519777]


Binding to a glycosylated region of a protein. [GOC:pg]


Isoenergetic transfer of SUMO from one protein to an existing ubiquitin chain via the reaction X-ubiquitin + Y-ubiquitin -> Y-ubiquitin-ubiquitin + X, where both the X-ubiquitin and Y-ubiquitin-ubiquitin linkages are thioester bonds between the C-terminal glycine of ubiquitin and a sulfhydryl side group of a cysteine residue. [PMID:28552615]


ATP-dependent protein-DNA unloading activity

Facilitating the removal of a protein or protein complex from a DNA molecule driven by ATP hydrolysis. This can be achieved for example by introducing non-canonical DNA structures or generating torque to directly inhibit a protein-DNA binding interaction. [PMID:28552615]


The fusion of haploid amoebae cells with matching mating types to form a larger cell, which ingests additional amoebae and forms a cellulose wall. The resulting macrocyst undergoes recombination and meiosis followed by release of haploid amoebae. An example of this process can be found in Dictyostelium discoideum. [PMID:16592095, PMID:20089169]


Preferential binding of proteins on curved membranes. The binding to curved membranes by insertion (aka wedging) to curved membranes is mediated by both the hydrophobic and hydrophilic faces of the helix of membrane curvature sensing (MCS) proteins. [PMID:25898166]


muscle-specific SWI/SNF complex location

A muscle cell-specific SWI/SNF-type complex that contains eight to fourteen proteins, including both conserved (core) and nonconserved components; contains the ATPase product of either the SMARCA4/BAF190A/BRG1 gene, the mammalian ortholog of the yeast SNF2 gene, or the SMARCA2/BAF190B/BRM gene, the mammalian ortholog of the Drosophila brm (brahma) gene, or an ortholog of either of these genes, and the muscle-specific product of the DPF3/BAF45C gene or an ortholog thereof. [GO:bhm, PMID:11175787, PMID:12620226, PMID:15525990, PMID:8804307, PMID:8895581]


brain-specific BAF complex
brain-specific BAF complex location
bBAF complex location
brain-specific SWI/SNF complex location
brain-specific SWI/SNF complex

A brain-specific SWI/SNF-type complex that contains eight or nine proteins, including both conserved (core) and nonconserved components; contains the ATPase product of either the SMARCA4/BAF190A/BRG1 gene, the mammalian ortholog of the yeast SNF2 gene, or the SMARCA2/BAF190B/BRM gene, the mammalian ortholog of the Drosophila brm (brahma) gene, or an ortholog of either of these genes. Compared to the neuron-specific nBAF complex (GO:0071565) it does not contain DPF1, DPF3 or SMARCC1 or their orthologs. May contain PB1/BAF180. [GOC:bhm, PMID:12368262, PMID:12620226, PMID:15525990, PMID:17640523, PMID:17920018, PMID:8804307, PMID:8895581]


embryonic stem cell-specific SWI/SNF complex location

embryonic stem cell-specific BAF complex location

An embryonic stem cell-specific SWI/SNF-type complex that contains eight or nine proteins, including both conserved (core) and nonconserved components; contains the ATPase product of either the SMARCA4/BAF190A/BRG1 gene, the mammalian ortholog of the yeast SNF2 gene, or an ortholog thereof. Compared to many other BAF complexes never contains ACTL6B/BAF53B, ARID1B/BAF250B, SMARCA2/BRM, SMARCC2/BAF170 or SMARCD3/BAF60C but contains PHF10/BAF45A, DPF2/BAF45D and possibly one of BCL7A/B/C. [GOC:bhm, PMID:19279218, PMID:19279220, PMID:2620226, PMID:8804307, PMID:8895581]


Catalytic activity that acts to modify a protein. [GOC:molecular_function_refactoring, GOC:pdt]


Catalytic activity that acts to modify DNA. [GOC:molecular_function_refactoring, GOC:pdt]


Catalytic activity that acts to modify RNA, driven by ATP hydrolysis. [GOC:molecular_function_refactoring, GOC:pdt]


Catalytic activity that acts to modify a tRNA. [GOC:molecular_function_refactoring, GOC:pdt]


Catalytic activity that acts to modify a ribosomal RNA. [GOC:molecular_function_refactoring, GOC:pdt]


Directly binding to a specific ion or molecule and delivering it either to an acceptor molecule or to a specific location. [GOC:molecular_function_refactoring, GOC:pdt]


The series of molecular signals initiated by interleukin-10 binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. [PMID:11244051]


high-affinity potassium ion transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of potassium ions from one side of a membrane to the other. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations. [PMID:10629185]


high-affinity glucose transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of glucose from one side of a membrane to the other. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations. [PMID:25411338]


[choline trimethylamine-lyase]-activating enzyme activity

Catalyzes the activation of choline trimethylamine-lyase by generation of an organic free radical on a glycine residue via a homolytic cleavage of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM). [PMID:24854437]


The assembly and secretion a set of components to form an extracellular vesicule, a membrane-bounded vesicle that is released into the extracellular region. Extracellular vesicles include exosomes, microvesicles and apoptotic bodies, based on the mechanism by which they are released from cells and differentiated based on their size and content. [PMID:28736435]


The assembly and secretion of a set of components to form an extracellular microvesicule, a membrane-bounded vesicle that ranges in size 100 nm to 1 micron in size) and exits the cell by budding. [PMID:28736435]


Any process carried out at the cellular level that reduces or removes the toxicity of a fluoride. These may include transport of fluoride away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration of the toxic substance. [GOC:vw]


The directed movement of some substance from inside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the extracellular region. [GOC:pg]


The directed movement of fluoride ions from inside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the extracellular region. [GOC:vw, PMID:27327046]


The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a Lewy body. [PMID:15158159]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Lewy body formation. [GOC:sl]


negative regulation of Lewy body formation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of Lewy body formation. [GOC:sl]


positive regulation of Lewy body formation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Lewy body formation. [GOC:sl]


The directed movement of thiamine from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. [GOC:vw]


positive regulation of lymphocyte chemotaxis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte chemotaxis. [PMID:19255442]


Binding to an iron-sulfur cluster and delivering it to an acceptor molecule. [PMID:22966982, PMID:29051382]


suppression by symbiont of host cytokine secretion


mechanically-gated cation channel activity

mechanosensitive cation channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a cation by a channel that opens in response to a mechanical stress. [GOC:ha, PMID:22343900]


mitochondrial guanine nucleotide transmembrane transport

The process in which a guanine nucleotide is transported across a mitochondrial membrane, into or out of the mitochondrion. [GOC:vw, PMID:14998997]


mitochondrial potassium ion transmembrane transport

The process in which a potassium ion is transported across a mitochondrial membrane, into or out of the mitochondrion. [GOC:vw, PMID:20197279]


Binding to and carrying a cargo between the nucleus and the cytoplasm by moving along with the cargo. The cargo can be either a RNA or a protein. [GOC:pg]


The directed movement of copper ions out of the vacuole across the vacuolar membrane. [GOC:vw, PMID:12244050]


The directed movement of calcium cations into the vacuole across the vacuolar membrane. [GOC:vw, PMID:8628289]


The directed movement of zinc ions from inside the vacuole across the vacuolar membrane and into the cytosol. [GOC:vw, PMC:PMC203372]


The directed movement of an ammonium ion from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. [GOC:vw, PMID:16999738]


The directed movement of borate from inside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the extracellular region. [GOC:vw, PMID:17459946]


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: monocarboxylate(out) + Na+(out) = monocarboxylate(in) + Na+(in). [GOC:ln, PMID:15322102]


Binding to a Golgi transport complex, a multisubunit tethering complex of the CATCHR family. [GOC:ha, PMID:28100664]


regulation of adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway involved in heart process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of an adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway involved in some heart process. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph]


regulation of adenylate cyclase-inhibiting adrenergic receptor signaling pathway involved in heart process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of an adenylate cyclase-inhibiting adrenergic receptor signaling pathway involved in some heart process. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph]


negative regulation of adenylate cyclase-inhibiting adrenergic receptor signaling pathway involved in heart process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of an adenylate cyclase-inhibiting adrenergic receptor signaling pathway involved in some heart process. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph]


positive regulation of adenylate cyclase-inhibiting adrenergic receptor signaling pathway involved in heart process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of an adenylate cyclase-inhibiting adrenergic receptor signaling pathway involved in some heart process. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph]


positive regulation of adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway involved in heart process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of an adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway involved in some heart process. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph]


negative regulation of adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway involved in heart process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of an adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway involved in some heart process. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph]


adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway involved in regulation of heart rate

An adrenergic receptor signaling pathway that modulates the frequency or rate of heart contraction. [GOC:BHF]


The directed movement of urea from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. [PMID:17218313]


The directed movement of a polyamine from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. [PMID:17218313]


spermidine import across plasma membrane

The directed movement of spermidine from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. [GOC:vw]


The directed movement of pyridoxal from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. [GOC:vw]


oligopeptide import across plasma membrane

The directed movement of an oligopeptide from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. [PMID:22226946]


The directed movement of a dipeptide from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. [PMID:22226946]


tripeptide import across plasma membrane

The directed movement of a tripeptide from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. [PMID:22226946]


apoptosis in response to mitochondrial fragmentation

apoptotic process in response to mitochondrial fragmentation

Any apoptotic process that occurs as a result of mitochondrial fragmentation. [PMID:18940801]


zinc(2+) import into endoplasmic reticulum

zinc(2+) import across endoplasmic reticulum

zinc ion import across endoplasmic reticulum

zinc ion import into endoplasmic reticulum

The directed import of zinc(2+) from the cytosol, across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, into the endoplasmic reticulum. [PMID:11886869, PMID:29529046]


protein transport along microtubule to kinetochore

Any process in which a protein is transported to the kinetochore along a microtubule. [PMID:25472718]


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: folic acid(out) + H+(out) = folic acid(in) + H+(in). The main folic acid symporter is the Proton-Coupled Folate Transporter (PCFT/SLC46A1), which has similar affinity for transport of reduced folates (5-methyl THF, 5-formyl THF) and folic acid. [PMID:24745983]


regulation of long-chain fatty acid import into cell

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of long-chain fatty acid import into a cell. [PMID:28178239]


negative regulation of long-chain fatty acid import into cell

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of long-chain fatty acid import into a cell. [PMID:28178239]


positive regulation of long-chain fatty acid import into cell

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of long-chain fatty acid import into a cell. [PMID:28178239]


regulation of D-aspartate import across plasma membrane

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed import of D-aspartate from the extracellular region across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. [PMID:27663541]


negative regulation of D-aspartate import across plasma membrane

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed import of D-aspartate from the extracellular region across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. [PMID:27663541]


positive regulation of D-aspartate import across plasma membrane

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed import of D-aspartate from the extracellular region across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. [PMID:27663541]


A membrane-bound intracellular compartment that is formed upon internalization of a pathogen into a host cell, and in which the pathogen resides. [PMID:10560000, PMID:26842840]


Host-derived membrane of a pathogen-containing vacuole. [PMID:10560000, PMID:26842840]


pathogen-containing compartment lumen
lumen of a pathogen-containing vacuole
pathogen-containing vacuolar lumen

The enclosed volume within the sealed membrane of a pathogen-containing vacuole. [PMID:10560000, PMID:26842840]


A dendrite emerging from the cell body (the soma) of a neuron. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc]


The dendrite of the dendritic tree that is farthest away from the neuronal cell body (the soma). [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:20629984]


regulation of spontaneous synaptic transmission

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of spontaneous synaptic transmission. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:15457210]


The part of the dendritic spine neck where the spine arises from the dendritic shaft. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:9030614]


A protein complex capable of activating an enzyme. Activating subunits may dissociate from the catalytic unit before the enzyme is active. [GOC:bhm, PMID:16244137, PMID:28710280]


A protein complex required for the activation of urease. Activator subunits dissociate before urease has catalytic function. [GOC:bhm, PMID:16244137, PMID:28710280]


clathrin-dependent synaptic vesicle endocytosis

Clathrin-dependent endocytosis of presynaptic membrane regions comprising synaptic vesicles' membrane constituents. This is a relatively slow process occurring in the range of tens of seconds. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, GOC:ha, PMID:16982422, PMID:18579735, PMID:18579748, PMID:26430111, PMID:27252645, PMID:28391090, PMID:4348786]


activity-dependent bulk synaptic vesicle endocytosis

Endocytosis of large regions of presynaptic membrane after intense stimulation-mediated fusion of multiple synaptic vesicles. Bulk endocytosis is triggered by high loads of membrane addition through exocytosis of synaptic vesicles and elevated concentration of calcium in the presynapse. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, GOC:ha, PMID:18250322, PMID:18579735, PMID:19266323, PMID:26430111, PMID:28391090]


regulation of neuron projection branching

regulation of neuron projection arborization

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the process in which the anatomical structures of a neuron projection are generated and organized into branches. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:17114044]


positive regulation of neuron projection branching

positive regulation of neurite arborization

positive regulation of neurite branching

positive regulation of neuron projection arborization

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the process in which the anatomical structures of a neuron projection are generated and organized into branches. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:17114044]


negative regulation of neuron projection branching

negative regulation of neurite arborization

negative regulation of neurite branching

negative regulation of neuron projection arborization

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the process in which the anatomical structures of a neuron projection are generated and organized into branches. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:17114044]


Any dendrite in a dendritic tree that emerges near the apical pole of a neuron, and which is farthest away from the neuronal cell body (the soma). [GO:bc, GOC:aruk, PMID:1720142, PMID:20629984, PMID:9214543]


The dendrite of the dendritic tree, which emerges near the apical pole of a neuron, and which is the closest to the cell body of the neuron (the soma). [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:16899232, PMID:1720142, PMID:9214543]


Any dendrite in a dendritic tree that emerges near the basal pole of a neuron (e.g. in bipolar neurons, basal dendrites are either on the same side of the soma as the axon, or project toward the axon), and which is farthest away from the neuronal cell body (the soma). [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:17046728, PMID:1720142, PMID:20629984, PMID:22683681, PMID:9214543]


Any dendrite in a dendritic tree that emerges near the basal pole of a neuron (e.g. in bipolar neurons, basal dendrites are either on the same side of the soma as the axon, or project toward the axon), and which is the closest to the cell body of the neuron (the soma). [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:16899232, PMID:17046728, PMID:1720142, PMID:22683681, PMID:9214543]


The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a basal dendrite over time, from its formation to the mature structure. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:22683681]


The process in which the anatomical structures of a basal dendrite are generated and organized. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:22683681]


The process in which the anatomical structures of a dendritic tree are generated on the basal neuron side and organized into dendritic branches. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:22683681]


The process in which the anatomical structures of an apical dendrite are generated and organized. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:22683681]


The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an apical dendrite over time, from its formation to the mature structure. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:22683681]


The process in which the anatomical structures of a dendritic tree are generated on the apical neuron side and organized into dendritic branches. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:22683681]


oxidized low-density lipoprotein particle clearance

oxidised low-density lipoprotein particle clearance

The process in which an oxidised low-density lipoprotein particle is removed from the blood via receptor-mediated endocytosis and its constituent parts degraded. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:27607416]


oxidized low-density lipoprotein particle receptor activity

oxidised low-density lipoprotein particle receptor activity

Combining with an oxidised low-density lipoprotein particle and delivering the oxidised low-density lipoprotein particle into the cell via endocytosis. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:27607416]


oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor activity

oxidised low-density lipoprotein receptor activity


regulation of protein localization to lysosome

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to lysosome. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:24305806]


positive regulation of protein localization to lysosome

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to lysosome. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc]


negative regulation of protein localization to lysosome

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to lysosome. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:24305806]


distal part of axon
distal part of the axon

That part of an axon close to and including the growth cone or the axon terminus. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:17202468]


regulation of trans-synaptic signaling by BDNF, modulating synaptic transmission

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of trans-synaptic signaling by BDNF, modulating synaptic transmission. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:19448629]


regulation of trans-synaptic signaling by endocannabinoid, modulating synaptic transmission

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of trans-synaptic signaling by endocannabinoid, modulating synaptic transmission. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:27296803]


regulation of calcium-dependent activation of synaptic vesicle fusion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of calcium-dependent activation of synaptic vesicle fusion. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:27052163]


postsynaptic dense core vesicle exocytosis

The secretion of molecules (e.g. neuropeptides, insulin-related peptides or neuromodulators such as serotonin and dopamine) contained within a postsynaptic dense core vesicle by fusion of the granule with the plasma membrane of the postsynapse in response to increased cytosolic calcium levels. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:19448629]


synapse-associated extracellular matrix structural constituent

extra-synaptic extracellular matrix structural constituent

structural constituent of extra-synaptic extracellular matrix

structural constituent of synapse-associated extracellular matrix

The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the extracellular matrix of the perisynaptic space (the extracellular space adjacent to the synapse) and the synaptic cleft. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:17189701]


regulation of postsynaptic dense core vesicle exocytosis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of postsynaptic dense core vesicle exocytosis. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:19448629]


regulation of synaptic signaling by nitric oxide

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic signaling by nitric oxide. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:26311509]


G-protein coupled neurotransmitter receptor activity involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential

G protein-coupled neurotransmitter receptor activity involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential

G protein-coupled neurotransmitter receptor activity, occurring in the presynaptic membrane, involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:11498050]


cerebellar parallel fiber to Purkinje cell synapse

cerebellar granule cell to Purkinje cell synapse

A synapse of a granule cell fiber onto the dendrites of a Purkinje cell in cerebellum. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:12427822]


The portion of the septin cytoskeleton contained within the postsynapse. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:28065648]


The network of the Golgi apparatus structures located within the postsynapse. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:23838184]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of postsynapse assembly, the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a postsynapse. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:16394100, PMID:16672654, PMID:28185854]


cerebellar climbing fibre to Purkinje cell synapse

cerebellar climbing fiber to Purkinje cell synapse

A synapse of a climbing fiber onto the dendrites of a Purkinje cell in cerebellum. The climbing fiber originates from the inferior olivary nucleus of the medulla oblongata. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:19597563, PMID:23811844, PMID:5044254]


regulation of postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor diffusion trapping

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor diffusion trapping. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:20935643]


regulation of glycine import across plasma membrane

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glycine import into a cell. [GOC:TermGenie]


regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus


negative regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus


negative regulation of cytoplasmic NF-kappaB storage


positive regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus


release of cytoplasmic sequestered NF-kappaB


release of NF-kappaB sequestered in cytoplasm


malonic acid uptake transmembrane transporter activity


oleate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of oleate from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:19493158, RHEA:33655]


carbohydrate derivative transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of carbohydrate derivative from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:pr, GOC:TermGenie]


establishment of protein localization to prospore membrane

establishment of protein localization in prospore membrane

establishment of protein localisation to prospore membrane

establishment of protein localisation in prospore membrane


protein targeting to ascospore-type prospore membrane


regulation of establishment of protein localisation in plasma membrane

regulation of establishment of protein localization to plasma membrane

regulation of establishment of protein localization in plasma membrane


regulation of protein-plasma membrane targeting

regulation of protein targeting to plasma membrane


downregulation of protein targeting to plasma membrane

down-regulation of protein-plasma membrane targeting

down regulation of protein-plasma membrane targeting

downregulation of protein-plasma membrane targeting

down-regulation of protein targeting to plasma membrane

down regulation of protein targeting to plasma membrane


inhibition of protein-plasma membrane targeting

inhibition of protein targeting to plasma membrane


negative regulation of establishment of protein localization to plasma membrane

negative regulation of establishment of protein localisation in plasma membrane

negative regulation of establishment of protein localization in plasma membrane


negative regulation of protein-plasma membrane targeting

negative regulation of protein targeting to plasma membrane


activation of protein-plasma membrane targeting

activation of protein targeting to plasma membrane


positive regulation of establishment of protein localization to plasma membrane

positive regulation of establishment of protein localisation in plasma membrane


positive regulation of protein-plasma membrane targeting

positive regulation of protein targeting to plasma membrane


up-regulation of protein-plasma membrane targeting

upregulation of protein-plasma membrane targeting

upregulation of protein targeting to plasma membrane

up regulation of protein-plasma membrane targeting

up-regulation of protein targeting to plasma membrane

up regulation of protein targeting to plasma membrane


regulation of autophagy of mitochondrion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitochondrion degradation by an autophagic process. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:autophagy, GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:24600391]


negative regulation of autophagy of mitochondrion

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mitochondrion degradation by autophagy. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:autophagy, GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:24600391]


down-regulation of sodium export
downregulation of sodium export


down-regulation of sodium ion export
downregulation of sodium ion export


negative regulation of sodium ion export


positive regulation of sodium ion export


upregulation of sodium export
up-regulation of sodium export


up-regulation of sodium ion export
upregulation of sodium ion export


regulation of transcription initiation from RNA polymerase I promoter

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription initiation from RNA polymerase I promoter. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:9092673]


release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol by endoplasmic reticulum

The directed movement of calcium ion from endoplasmic reticulum to cytosol. [GO_REF:0000078, GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11, GOC:rl, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:16402920]


arachidonate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of arachidonate from one side of a membrane to the other. [GO_REF:0000066, GOC:bhm, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:15642721]


positive regulation of electron transfer activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of electron transfer activity. [GO_REF:0000059, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:25416781]


The process in which folic acid is transported from the cytosol into the mitochondrial matrix. [GO_REF:0000075, GOC:BHF, GOC:rph, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:15140890]


positive regulation of L-arginine import


negative regulation of cartilage homeostasis


aminophospholipid translocase complex location

phospholipid-translocating ATPase complex location

A protein complex that functions as a phospholipid-translocating P-Type ATPase. [GOC:dph, GOC:rb, PMID:15090616]


extracellular ribonucleoprotein complex location


intracellular ribonucleoprotein complex location


negative regulation of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process. [GOC:BHF]


positive regulation of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process. [GOC:BHF]


negative regulation of signalling receptor activity

negative regulation of signaling receptor activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a signaling receptor activity. [GOC:obol]


regulation of protein localisation to prospore membrane

regulation of protein localization to prospore membrane

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to prospore membrane. [GOC:mah]


positive regulation of protein localisation to prospore membrane

positive regulation of protein localization to prospore membrane

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to prospore membrane. [GOC:mah]


phytochelatin transmembrane transporter activity


solanine UDP-galactose galactosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-D-galactose + solanidine = H+ + gamma-solanine + UDP. [EC:2.4.1.-, GOC:pz]


ubiquitin protein ligase activity involved in ER-associated degradation pathway


The protein transport macromolecular complex of the chloroplast membrane that interacts with the precursor proteins and contains components of both the outer membrane and inner membrane complexes containing at least Toc75, Toc159, Toc34 and Tic110. [PMID:28745032]


catalytic activity, acting on a glycoprotein

Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures in which one of the substrates is a glycoprotein. [GOC:molecular_function_refactoring, GOC:pdt]


The process in which fucose is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. Fucose is 6-deoxygalactose and has two enantiomers, D-fucose and L-fucose. [GOC:ai]


The directed movement of GDP-fucose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. GDP-fucose is a substance composed of fucose in glycosidic linkage with guanosine diphosphate. [GOC:ai]


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a malonyl-[acp] = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a malonyl-[acp] methyl ester. [GOC:pz, RHEA:17105]


histidine transmembrane import into vacuole


down-regulation of DNA helicase activity

down regulation of ATP-dependent DNA helicase activity

downregulation of ATP-dependent DNA helicase activity

down-regulation of ATP-dependent DNA helicase activity

down regulation of DNA helicase activity


up regulation of ATP-dependent DNA helicase activity

up-regulation of ATP-dependent DNA helicase activity

upregulation of ATP-dependent DNA helicase activity


The distal region of the photoreceptor connecting cilium is structurally unique to the photoreceptor and is maintained by retina-specific protein, SPATA7, and its interacting partners RPGR and RPGRIP1. It is essential for photoreceptor sensory cilium stability. [GOC:krc, PMID:29899041]


photoreceptor proximal connecting cilium

The proximal region of the photoreceptor connecting cilium is similar to the transition zone of unspecialized primary cilia and houses several major transition zone complexes, including NPHP, MKS, and RPGR. [GOC:krc, PMID:29899041]


Removes a sterol from a membrane or a monolayer lipid particle, transports it through the aqueous phase while protected in a hydrophobic pocket, and brings it to an acceptor membrane or lipid particle. [GOC:krc, PMID:20823909, PMID:24220498, PMID:25797198]


bacterial-type DNA binding transcription repressor activity


cadmium ion regulated sequence-specific DNA binding bacterial-type RNA polymerase transcription factor activity involved in negative regulation of transcription


copper ion regulated sequence-specific DNA binding bacterial-type RNA polymerase transcription factor activity involved in negative regulation of transcription


metal ion regulated sequence-specific DNA binding bacterial-type RNA polymerase transcription factor activity involved in negative regulation of transcription


distal enhancer DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific


metal ion regulated core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity involved in negative regulation of transcription


metal ion regulated sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity involved in negative regulation of transcription


proximal promoter DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific


RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity involved in negative regulation of transcription


RNA polymerase II distal enhancer sequence-specific DNA-binding transcription factor activity involved in negative regulation of transcription


copper ion regulated core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity involved in positive regulation of transcription


distal enhancer DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific


metal ion regulated core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity involved in positive regulation of transcription


metal ion regulated sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity involved in positive regulation of transcription


proximal promoter DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific


RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity involved in positive regulation of transcription


RNA polymerase II distal enhancer sequence-specific DNA-binding transcription factor activity involved in positive regulation of transcription


bacterial-type DNA binding transcription factor activity


ATPase-coupled calcium transmembrane transporter activity


intermembrane phosphatidylinositol transfer activity


ATPase-coupled potassium transmembrane transporter activity


ATPase-coupled manganese transmembrane transporter activity


ATPase-coupled intramembrane lipopolysaccharide transporter activity


intermembrane glycolipid transfer activity


intermembrane glycolipid transporter activity


positive regulation of decapentaplegic receptor signalling pathway

positive regulation of decapentaplegic receptor signaling pathway


ATP-dependent sterol transmembrane transporter activity


ATP-dependent intramembrane glycolipid transporter activity


ATPase-coupled intramembrane glycolipid transporter activity


mitochondrial protein translocase complex location


Mus81-Eme1 holliday resolvase complex location


Mus81-Eme2 complex location
Mus81-Eme2 complex


Mus81-Eme2 holliday resolvase complex location


host-induced regulation of intestinal microbiota composition


TGF-beta1 ligand-receptor complex location


TGF-beta1-beta2 ligand-receptor complex location


TGF-beta2 ligand-receptor complex location


TGFbeta1 ligand-receptor complex location


TGFbeta1-beta2 ligand-receptor complex location


TGFbeta2 ligand-receptor complex location


cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (Cdk9)-cyclin T1 complex location


cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (Cdk9)-cyclin T2 complex location


positive regulation by symbiont of host autophagotic process

positive regulation by symbiont of host autophagy

Any process in which a symbiont organism increases the frequency, rate or extent of autophagy in the host cell. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [GOC:pamgo_curators]


modulation by symbiont of host autophagic process

modulation by symbiont of host autophagy

Any process in which a symbiont organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of autophagy in the host cell. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [GOC:pamgo_curators]


ATP-dependent phosphatidylcholine transporter activity


ATPase-coupled phosphatidylcholine transporter activity


ATP-dependent phosphatidylethanolamine transporter activity


ATPase-coupled phosphatidylethanolamine transporter activity


ATPase-coupled phosphatidylserine transporter activity


ATPase-dependent phosphatidylserine transporter activity


ATP-dependent ceramide transporter activity


ATPase-coupled ceramide transporter activity


Catalysis of the reaction:acyl-CoA + glycerophosphocholine = CoA + 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine. [PMID:18430972, PMID:27758859, RHEA:58476]


intermembrane phosphatidylcholine transfer activity


intraflagellar transport complex B binding

intraciliary transport complex B binding

intraflagellar transport particle B binding

intraciliary transport particle B binding

Binding to an intraciliary transport particle B (IFT B) complex. [PMID:20889716]


stress-induced homeostatically regulated protein degradation pathway

A stress-inducible protein catabolic pathway that promotes protein quality control by accelerating the degradation of misfolded ER membrane and cytosolic proteins, as well as native proteins. The pathway starts with the activation, by stress, of the Nma111p/Ynm3p serine protease, which cleaves the stress-induced hydrophilin Roq1p, resulting in the generation of a Roq1p cleavage product that selectively interacts with Ubr1p, an E3 ubiquitin ligase. Interaction with the Ubr1p type-1 substrate binding site reprograms the substrate specificity of this ubiquitin ligase resulting in the selective proteasome-mediated degradation of misfolded and native proteins. The pathway ends with degradation of the protein by the cytoplasmic proteasome. Currently, NMA111, ROQ1, UBR1, RAD6, and CDC48 are considered to be involved in this quality control pathway. [GOC:rl, GOC:rn, PMID:29861160]