up-regulation of 5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-pyran-4-one anabolism

up regulation of 5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-pyran-4-one anabolism

up-regulation of 5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-pyran-4-one formation

positive regulation of 5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-pyran-4-one synthesis

up regulation of 5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-pyran-4-one biosynthesis

up regulation of 5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-pyran-4-one formation

upregulation of 5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-pyran-4-one anabolism

upregulation of 5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-pyran-4-one biosynthesis

up regulation of 5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-pyran-4-one synthesis

activation of 5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-pyran-4-one anabolism

up-regulation of kojic acid biosynthesis

activation of kojic acid biosynthetic process

activation of 5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-pyran-4-one synthesis

activation of 5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-pyran-4-one biosynthesis

up-regulation of 5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-pyran-4-one synthesis

upregulation of 5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-pyran-4-one formation

activation of 5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-pyran-4-one biosynthetic process

upregulation of 5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-pyran-4-one biosynthetic process

up-regulation of kojic acid biosynthetic process

up regulation of kojic acid biosynthetic process

positive regulation of 5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-pyran-4-one biosynthesis

positive regulation of kojic acid formation

positive regulation of kojic acid synthesis

activation of 5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-pyran-4-one formation

positive regulation of kojic acid anabolism

up-regulation of 5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-pyran-4-one biosynthesis

positive regulation of 5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-pyran-4-one formation

positive regulation of kojic acid biosynthesis

positive regulation of 5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-pyran-4-one anabolism

positive regulation of 5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-pyran-4-one biosynthetic process

up regulation of kojic acid biosynthesis

up regulation of 5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-pyran-4-one biosynthetic process

upregulation of kojic acid biosynthetic process

upregulation of 5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-pyran-4-one synthesis

up-regulation of 5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-pyran-4-one biosynthetic process

positive regulation of kojic acid biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of kojic acid biosynthetic process. [GOC:di, GOC:TermGenie]


negative regulation of C6H6O4 biosynthetic process


negative regulation of C6H6O4 biosynthesis


negative regulation of C6H6O4 anabolism
down regulation of C6H6O4 anabolism
down-regulation of C6H6O4 anabolism


inhibition of kojic acid biosynthetic process


inhibition of C6H6O4 biosynthetic process


downregulation of C6H6O4 biosynthetic process


down-regulation of C6H6O4 biosynthetic process

down regulation of C6H6O4 biosynthetic process


regulation of C6H6O4 biosynthetic process


upregulation of flavonol biosynthetic process

up-regulation of flavonol biosynthetic process

activation of flavonol biosynthetic process

up regulation of flavonol biosynthetic process

positive regulation of flavonol biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of flavonol biosynthetic process. [GOC:TermGenie]


inhibition of flavonol biosynthetic process


upregulation of asperthecin biosynthetic process

up regulation of asperthecin biosynthetic process

positive regulation of asperthecin biosynthesis

positive regulation of asperthecin formation

activation of asperthecin biosynthetic process

positive regulation of asperthecin synthesis

up-regulation of asperthecin biosynthesis

upregulation of asperthecin biosynthesis

up-regulation of asperthecin biosynthetic process

up regulation of asperthecin biosynthesis

positive regulation of asperthecin biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of asperthecin biosynthetic process. [GOC:di, GOC:TermGenie]


inhibition of asperthecin biosynthetic process


up-regulation of secondary metabolite biosynthetic process

positive regulation of secondary metabolite biosynthesis

activation of secondary metabolite biosynthetic process

upregulation of secondary metabolite biosynthesis

up-regulation of secondary metabolite biosynthesis

up regulation of secondary metabolite biosynthetic process

up regulation of secondary metabolite biosynthesis

upregulation of secondary metabolite biosynthetic process

activation of secondary metabolite biosynthesis

positive regulation of secondary metabolite biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of secondary metabolite biosynthetic process. [GOC:di, GOC:TermGenie]


inhibition of secondary metabolite biosynthetic process


activation of purine nucleotide biosynthetic process


inhibition of purine nucleotide biosynthetic process


activation of physiological defense response to insect


activation of defense response to insect


inhibition of physiological defense response to insect


inhibition of defense response to insect


upregulation of cleavage and polyadenylylation specificity factor activity


up-regulation of cleavage and polyadenylylation specificity factor activity

up regulation of cleavage and polyadenylylation specificity factor activity


positive regulation of cleavage and polyadenylylation specificity factor activity


activation of cleavage and polyadenylylation specificity factor activity


negative regulation of cleavage and polyadenylylation specificity factor activity


inhibition of cleavage and polyadenylylation specificity factor activity


downregulation of cleavage and polyadenylylation specificity factor activity


down-regulation of cleavage and polyadenylylation specificity factor activity

down regulation of cleavage and polyadenylylation specificity factor activity


regulation of cleavage and polyadenylylation specificity factor activity


activation of methanofuran metabolic process


inhibition of methanofuran metabolic process


activation of methanofuran biosynthetic process


inhibition of methanofuran biosynthetic process


activation of methane biosynthetic process from methylamine


inhibition of methane biosynthetic process from methylamine


activation of methane biosynthetic process from methanethiol


inhibition of methane biosynthetic process from methanethiol


activation of methane biosynthetic process from dimethyl sulfide


inhibition of methane biosynthetic process from dimethyl sulfide


activation of methane biosynthetic process from formic acid


inhibition of methane biosynthetic process from formic acid


activation of methane biosynthetic process from carbon monoxide


inhibition of methane biosynthetic process from carbon monoxide


activation of methane biosynthetic process from 3-(methylthio)propionic acid


inhibition of methane biosynthetic process from 3-(methylthio)propionic acid


activation of methane biosynthetic process from trimethylamine


inhibition of methane biosynthetic process from trimethylamine


activation of methane biosynthetic process from dimethylamine


inhibition of methane biosynthetic process from dimethylamine


activation of maltoheptaose metabolic process


inhibition of maltoheptaose metabolic process


upregulation of coenzyme F420-dependent nitroreductase activity


up-regulation of coenzyme F420-dependent nitroreductase activity

up regulation of coenzyme F420-dependent nitroreductase activity


positive regulation of coenzyme F420-dependent nitroreductase activity


activation of coenzyme F420-dependent nitroreductase activity


activation of coenzyme F420-dependent nitroimidazole reduction


activation of coenzyme F420-dependent nitroimidazole catabolism


activation of coenzyme F420-dependent nitroimidazole breakdown


activation of coenzyme F420-dependent bicyclic nitroimidazole catabolic process


negative regulation of coenzyme F420-dependent nitroreductase activity


inhibition of coenzyme F420-dependent nitroreductase activity


inhibition of coenzyme F420-dependent nitroimidazole reduction


inhibition of coenzyme F420-dependent nitroimidazole catabolism


inhibition of coenzyme F420-dependent nitroimidazole breakdown


inhibition of coenzyme F420-dependent bicyclic nitroimidazole catabolic process


downregulation of coenzyme F420-dependent nitroreductase activity


down-regulation of coenzyme F420-dependent nitroreductase activity

down regulation of coenzyme F420-dependent nitroreductase activity


regulation of coenzyme F420-dependent nitroreductase activity


activation of cellobiose catabolic process


inhibition of cellobiose catabolic process


activation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell costimulation


inhibition of CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell costimulation


activation of proteinase activated receptor activity


inhibition of proteinase activated receptor activity


negative regulation of lipophosphodiesterase C


negative regulation of lecithinase C activity


downregulation of lipophosphodiesterase C


downregulation of lecithinase C activity


down-regulation of lipophosphodiesterase C

down regulation of lipophosphodiesterase C


down-regulation of lecithinase C activity

down regulation of lecithinase C activity


up-regulation of LTP
up regulation of LTP


up-regulation of long-term potentiation
up regulation of long-term potentiation


positive regulation of long-term potentiation


activation of long-term synaptic potentiation


negative regulation of long-term potentiation


inhibition of long-term synaptic potentiation


down regulation of long-term potentiation

down-regulation of long-term potentiation

downregulation of long-term potentiation


regulation of long-term potentiation
regulation of LTP

regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of long-term synaptic potentiation. [GOC:BHF, GOC:TermGenie]


programmed cell death in response to oxidative stress


dorsal interneuron rostral axon projection


dorsal interneuron caudal axon projection


cytosolic iron-sulfur protein assembly complex location


potassium ion homeostasis by positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter


activation of initiator caspase activity


L-ascorbic acid biosynthesis via UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate

L-ascorbic acid biosynthetic process via UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-ascorbic acid via the intermediate UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate. [BioCyc:PWY3DJ-35471, GOC:yaf, PMID:11153268, UniPathway:UPA00991]


L-ascorbic acid biosynthesis via GDP-alpha-D-mannose

L-ascorbic acid biosynthetic process via GDP-alpha-D-mannose

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-ascorbic acid via the intermediate GDP-alpha-D-mannose. [GOC:yaf, PMID:11153268]


A developmental process that results in the initiation of an axillary shoot meristem. An axillary shoot meristem is a shoot meristem formed in the axil of a leaf. [GOC:tb]


pimelyl-[acyl-carrier protein] methyl ester hydrolase activity


ornithine transmembrane import into vacuole

The directed movement of ornithine into the vacuole across the vacuolar membrane. [GOC:tb]


glutamate transmembrane import into vacuole

The directed movement of glutamate into the vacuole across the vacuolar membrane. [GOC:tb]


high molecular weight phytochelatin complex formation


low molecular weight phytochelatin complex formation


Gi-coupled G-protein coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway involved in negative regulation of heart rate


AC-inhibiting muscarinic receptor signaling pathway involved in negative regulation of heart rate


muscarinic receptor signaling pathway involved in ion channel activation


Gbeta/gamma-coupled muscarinic receptor signaling pathway involved in negative regulation of heart rate


cardiac muscarinic receptor signaling via Gbeta/gamma


adrenergic receptor signaling pathway involved in positive regulation of cardiac muscle contraction via ryanodine receptor phosphorylation


muscarinic receptor signaling pathway involved in heart process


M2 receptor signaling pathway involved in heart process


sinus node cardiomyocyte to atrial cardiomyocyte communication


membrane depolarization involved in regulation of sinus node cardiac muscle cell action potential


adrenergic receptor-induced cardiac relaxation


adrenergic receptor signaling pathway involved in cardiac muscle relaxation via activation of AC


If activation by beta-adrenergic receptor signaling pathway


beta adrenergic receptor signaling pathway involved in positive regulation of heart rate


adenylate cyclase-activating cardiac adrenergic receptor signaling pathway


activation of funny current by beta-adrenergic receptor signaling pathway


beta-adrenergic receptor signalling pathway involved in heart process


sinus node cardiomyocyte-atrial cardiomyocyte adhesion involved in cell communication


sinus node cardiomyocyte to atrial cardiomyocyte communication by electrical coupling


sinus node cardiomyocyte to atrial cardiomyocyte signalling


regulation of sinus node cardiac muscle cell action potential


kinetochore localization at spindle pole body


kinetochore clustering at the old mitotic spindle pole body

centromere clustering at the mitotic interphase nuclear envelope

The process in which chromatin, or kinetochores are anchored to the nuclear envelope. This process involves the microtubule cytoskeleton, and nuclear tethering factors and is responsible for the Rabl-like configuration of chromosomes in the interphase nuclei. [GOC:mah, GOC:vw, PMID:21965289, PMID:23166349]


kinetochore clustering at spindle pole body


response to mitotic G2/M transition decatenation checkpoint signaling


response to mitotic cell cycle G1/S checkpoint signaling


response to G2/M transition checkpoint signaling


response to G1/S transition checkpoint signaling


inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity by adrenergic receptor signalling pathway

inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity by adrenergic receptor signaling pathway


SWI2/SNF2 superfamily ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complex location


programmed cell death by necrosis
programmed necrotic cell death

A necrotic cell death process that results from the activation of endogenous cellular processes, such as signaling involving death domain receptors or Toll-like receptors. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, PMID:21760595]


Catalysis of the reaction: cysteine sulfanate + GTP + IMP = sulfinylpropanyl adenylate + GDP + 3 H(+) + phosphate. [GOC:dph, PMID:8346915]


interstitial cell of Cajal differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an interstitial cell of Cajal. An interstitial cell of Cajal is an intestinal neuroepithelial cell that serves as a pacemaker to trigger gut contraction. [GOC:dph]


The process in which a female gonad is generated and organized. [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph]


activation of necroptosis in response to extracellular signals


stimulation of dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission


activation of dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission


exonucleolytic trimming to generate 3' end of miRNA


viral genome delivery via icosahedral vertex


coenzyme M methyltransferase complex location


carbon-monoxide:(acceptor) oxidoreductase complex location


regulation of complement activation, alternative pathway in other organism


4Fe-4S cluster assembly
[4Fe-4S] cluster biosynthetic process

The incorporation of four iron atoms and four sulfur atoms into an iron-sulfur cluster. [GOC:jl, GOC:mengo_curators, GOC:pde, GOC:tt, GOC:vw, PMID:15952888]


2Fe-2S cluster assembly
[2Fe-2S] cluster biosynthetic process

The incorporation of two iron atoms and two sulfur atoms into an iron-sulfur cluster. [GOC:jl, GOC:mengo_curators, GOC:pde, GOC:tt, GOC:vw, PMID:15952888]


extracellular fibril organization and biogenesis


suppression by virus of host DNA-dependent transcription

suppression by virus of host transcription

Any process in which a virus stops, prevents, or reduces the activity of host DNA-dependent transcription; the cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA. Viral proteins can interfere with either host RNA polymerase or with transcription factors. [UniProtKB-KW:KW-1191, VZ:1577]


modulation of host E3 ubiquitin ligases by virus


modulation of host ubiquitin pathway by virus


viral inhibition of host peptidoglycan biosynthesis

suppression by virus of host peptidoglycan biosynthetic process

Any process in which a virus stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of peptidoglycan biosynthesis in the host organism. Peptidoglycans are any of a class of glycoconjugates found in bacterial cell walls. [GOC:bf, GOC:bm, GOC:jl]


inhibition of activity of host translation initiation factor

suppression by virus of host EIF-4E activity

Inhibition of host translation factors by virus

suppression by virus of host translation initiation factor activity

Any process in which a virus prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of activity of a host translation initiation factor. [GOC:bf, UniProtKB-KW:KW-1075]


inhibition of host complement cascade by virus

inhibition of host complement factors by virus

inhibition of host complement activation by virus

suppression by virus of host complement activation

Any process in which a virus stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of complement activation. The activation of complement involves the sequential proteolysis of proteins to generate enzymes with catalytic activities. The biological functions of the complement include opsonization, inflammation, lysis of immune complexes, or enhancement of the humoral immune response. For example, the virus complement control protein (VCP) of vaccinia virus, and the complement control protein of herpesvirus inhibit C3 convertase. [PMID:21191012, PMID:7745740, UniProtKB-KW:KW-1087, VZ:811]


inhibition by virus of host STAT2 activity

suppression by virus of host STAT2 activity


inhibition by virus of host STAT1 activity

suppression by virus of host STAT1 activity


inhibition by virus of host STAT activity


positive regulation of SREBP-mediated signaling pathway in absence of oxygen


negative regulation of SREBP-mediated signaling pathway in presence of oxygen


SSTR signaling pathway
SST receptor signaling pathway

A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by somatostatin binding to the somatostatin receptor (SSTR) on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process. [GOC:jc, PMID:18006219, PMID:8769369]


angiotensin II-mediated signaling pathway

A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by angiotensin II binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11, GOC:nhn, GOC:signaling, PMID:10977869]


granulocyte colony-stimulating factor signalling pathway

granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor signaling pathway

granulocyte colony-stimulating factor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of the cytokine granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. G-CSF binds to the receptor (CSF3R). [GOC:nhn, GOC:signaling]


granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor signalling pathway

granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor signaling pathway

granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of the cytokine granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. GM-CSF binds to a heterodimer receptor (CSF2R) consisting of an alpha ligand-binding subunit, and a common beta subunit that is shared with other cytokine receptors. [GOC:nhn, GOC:signaling, PMID:17027509]


The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of the C-C chemokine CCL2 to a C-C chemokine type 4 receptor (CCR4) on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. [GOC:nhn, GOC:signaling]


CXCL12-activated CXCR7 signaling pathway


The process in which the sorocarp stalk is generated and organized. The sorocarp stalk is a tubular structure that consists of cellulose-covered cells stacked on top of each other and surrounded by an acellular stalk tube composed of cellulose and glycoprotein. An example of this process is found in Dictyostelium discoideum. [DDANAT:0000068, GOC:pf, PMID:22902739]


chitin-based cuticle sclerotization by protein cross-linking and cuticle tanning


placental growth factor-activated receptor activity

placental growth factor receptor activity

Combining with placental growth factor (PlGF) receptor ligand and transmitting the signal across the plasma membrane to initiate a change in cell activity. [GOC:uh, PMID:12871269, PMID:7929268, Wikipedia:Placental_growth_factor]


The regulated release of pancreatic polypeptide (PP) from a cell. Pancreatic polypeptide is a 36 amino acid polypeptide secreted by islets of Langerhans cells in the pancreas. [GOC:cjm, PMID:12730894, Wikipedia:Pancreatic_polypeptide]


positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to menadione stress


deoxythymidine monophosphate biosynthesis via salvage pathway

Any process which produces dTMP, deoxyribosylthymine monophosphate (2'-deoxyribosylthymine 5'-phosphate) without de novo synthesis. [GOC:yaf, UniPathway:UPA00578]


negative regulation of DNA replication initiation


inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity by opioid receptor signalling pathway

inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity by opioid receptor signaling pathway


regulation of DNA replication initiation


glutamine degradation to fumarate, using glutaminase

glutamine breakdown to fumarate, using glutaminase

glutamine catabolic process to fumarate, using glutaminase

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamine into fumarate, beginning with conversion of glutamine into glutamate catalyzed by the enzyme glutaminase (EC:3.5.1.2). [GOC:bf, GOC:jl]


oxidoreductase activity, acting on NAD or NADPH, NAD or NADP as acceptor


ASIC activity
acid-sensing ion channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a sodium ion by a neuronal, voltage-insensitive channel that opens when an extracellular proton has been bound by the channel complex. [GOC:jl]


Genetically encoded mechanisms in multicellular and unicellular eukaryotes that function to eliminate cells that are superfluous either during development, or to maintain tissue and organism homeostasis; and cells that are irreversibly damaged, abnormal, and/or potentially harmful.


apoptotic signaling pathway in response to hormone


apoptotic signaling pathway in response to granzyme


stem-loop-containing histone mRNA 3'-end processing


inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity by muscarinic acetylcholine receptor signalling pathway

inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity by muscarinic acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway


inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity by G-protein coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway


activation of adenylate cyclase activity by dopamine receptor signalling pathway

activation of adenylate cyclase activity by dopamine receptor signaling pathway


activation of adenylate cyclase activity involved in G-protein signaling

activation of adenylate cyclase activity by G-protein signaling pathway


copper-induced protein export from nucleus


hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel activity


tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily complex location

TNF receptor superfamily complex location

A receptor complex that contains one or more members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily. [GOC:krc]


copper ion import into ascospore-type prospore

OBSOLETE. Any copper ion import that takes place in ascospore-type prospore. [GOC:TermGenie]


A chromatin remodeling protein complex initially purified from S. cerevisiae and containing more than 10 subunits, including the SWR1-related complexes. INO80 (inositol requiring 80)-type complexes have diverse functions, including promoting transcriptional activation and DNA repair. [GOC:rb, PMID:19355820]


A complex that functions in anterograde transport at the Golgi and also regulates autophagy. In yeast it includes at least the following subunits: Bet3 (as homodimer), Bet5, Trs20, Trs23, Trs31, Trs33, Trs85. TRAPPIII may include further, as yet undescribed, proteins. [GOC:bhm, PMID:20375281, PMID:22669257]


A complex that mediates intra-Golgi traffic, Golgi exit, endosome-to-Golgi traffic, and the trafficking of autophagy proteins from Golgi to the phagophore assembly site. Binds to a component of the COPI coat. In yeast it includes the following subunits: Bet3 (as homodimer), Bet5, Tca17, Trs20, Trs23, Trs31, Trs33, Trs65, Trs120, Trs130. The whole complex is thought to dimerize with itself. [GOC:bhm, PMID:20375281, PMID:22669257]


TRAPP core complex location
TRAPP core complex
TRAPPI protein complex location

A complex that tethers COPII vesicles at ER-Golgi intermediate compartment. Its role in this part of the vesicular transport may start at the ER exit sites. Binds to a component of the COPII coat. In yeast it includes the following subunits: Bet3 (as homodimer), Bet5, Trs20, Trs23, Trs31, Trs33 which are regarded as the core subunits of all TRAPP complexes in yeast. [GOC:bhm, PMID:20375281, PMID:22669257]


1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase complex location

A protein complex that is involved in the MEP pathway of IPP biosynthesis. It catalyzes the NADP-dependent rearrangement and reduction of 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate (DXP) to 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP). [GOC:bhm, PMID:15339150]


Bam protein complex location
OMP complex location
OMP complex

Protein complex which is involved in assembly and insertion of beta-barrel proteins into the outer membrane. In E. coli it is composed of BamABCDE, of the outer membrane protein BamA, and four lipoproteins BamB, BamC, BamD and BamE. BamA interacts directly with BamB and the BamCDE subcomplex. [GOC:bhm, PMID:20378773]


A protein complex first characterized in human and comprised of a R2TP module (R2TP complex), a prefoldin-like module (containing both prefoldin-like proteins and canonical prefoldins), WD40 repeat protein Monad/WDR92 and DNA-dependent RNA polymerase subunit RPB5. This complex might have chaperone activity. [GOC:pr, PMID:20453924, PMID:21925213, PMID:22418846]


maltose ABC transporter complex location

maltose ATP-binding cassette transporter complex location

Protein complex facilitating ATP-dependent maltose transport through inner cell membrane (periplasm to cytoplasm) in Gram-negative bacteria. In E. coli the system is composed of a periplasmic maltose-binding protein (MBP), two integral membrane proteins, MalF and MalG, and two copies of the cytoplasmic ATP-binding cassette MalK. [PMID:18033289]


type V protein secretion system complex location

A complex of proteins that permits the translocation of proteins across the outer membrane via a transmembrane pore, formed by a beta-barrel, into the extracellular milieu or directly into host cells; the secreted proteins contain all the information required for translocation of an effector molecule through the cell envelope. The type V secretion systems includes the autotransporters (type Va), the two-partner secretion system (type Vb) and the Oca family (type Vc). [GOC:bf, GOC:bhm, PMID:15119822, PMID:15590781]


IFN-gamma-activated inhibitor of translation complex location

gamma interferon-activated inhibitor of translation complex location

A protein complex which mediates interferon-gamma-induced transcript-selective translation inhibition in inflammation processes. The complex binds to stem loop-containing GAIT elements in the 3'-UTR of diverse inflammatory mRNAs and suppresses their translation by blocking the recruitment of the 43S ribosomal complex to m7G cap-bound eIF4G. In humans it includes RPL13A, EPRS, SYNCRIP and GAPDH; mouse complexes lack SYNCRIP. [GOC:br, PMID:15479637, PMID:23071094]


MCM4/6/7 complex
MCM4/6/7 complex location
MCM core complex location

A protein complex that contains Mcm4, Mcm6, and Mcm7 proteins, and possesses DNA helicase activity. In the heterohexameric MCM complex, the Mcm4/6/7 proteins form a stable core, and Mcm2, Mcm3, and Mcm5 are more peripherally associated. [GOC:mah, PMID:10770926, PMID:15007098, PMID:9305914]


A hexameric protein complex composed of MCM8 and MCM9 and involved in homologous recombination repair following DNA interstrand cross-links. [GOC:sp, PMID:22771115, PMID:22771120]


The cytosolic iron-sulfur protein assembly (CIA) complex mediates the incorporation of iron-sulfur clusters into apoproteins involved in DNA metabolism and genomic integrity. [GOC:sp, PMID:22678362]


translocation and assembly module protein complex location

A heterooligomeric protein complex that spans the bacterial periplasm and enables the secretion of adhesin proteins in Gram-negative bacteria. In Citrobacter rodentium, Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli, the TAM complex consists of an Omp85-family protein, TamA, in the outer membrane and TamB in the inner membrane. [GOC:am, PMID:22466966]


IPI complex location
IPI complex
Rix1 complex location

A protein complex that comprises Rix1p, Ipi1p and Ipi3p, and is required for processing of ITS2 sequences from 35S pre-rRNA. The Rix1 complex has been identified in budding yeast and fission yeast, and members of this complex are conserved in higher eukaryotes. [GOC:vw, PMID:14759368, PMID:15260980, PMID:21385875]


A SWI/SNF-type complex that contains a subunit from the CHD(Chromodomain helicase DNA-binding) family. The CHD family is characterized by two signature sequence motifs: tandem chromodomains located in the N-terminal region, and the SNF2-like ATPase domain located in the central region of the protein structure. [GOC:krc, GOC:tb, PMID:17350655]


An ISWI complex that contains an ATPase subunit of the ISWI family (specifically SNF2L in mammals, which contain two ISWI homologs) and a CECR2 homolog. In mammals, CERF is involved in regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoters. [GOC:krc]


An ISWI complex that contains an ATPase subunit of the ISWI family (specifically SNF2H in mammals, which contain two ISWI homologs) and a Tip5 homolog. In mammals, NoRC is involved in regulation of transcription from RNAP I and RNA polymerase III promoters. [GOC:krc]


An ISWI complex that contains an ATPase subunit of the ISWI family (specifically SNF2H in mammals, which contain two ISWI homologs) and WSTF (Williams Syndrome Transcription Factor). WICH plays roles in regulation of RNAP I and III transcription and in DNA replication and repair. [GOC:krc, PMID:15284901, PMID:16568949, PMID:21810179]


calcium ion-transporting ATPase complex location

Protein complex that carries out the reaction: ATP + H2O + Ca2+(out) = ADP + phosphate + Ca2+(in). [GOC:BHF]


cation-transporting ATPase complex location

Protein complex that carries out the reaction: ATP + H2O + cation(out) = ADP + phosphate + cation(in). [GOC:BHF]


striatin interacting phosphatase and kinase complex location

A conserved protein phosphatase type 2A complex which contains a protein phosphatase type 2A, a protein phosphatase regulatory subunit, a striatin, an FHA domain protein and other subunits (at least six proteins). In fission yeast this complex negatively regulate the septation initiation network at the spindle pole body. [GOC:vw, PMID:21561862, PMID:22119525]


single-stranded DNA-binding protein complex location

A homotetrameric protein complex that is essential for DNA replication. It supercoils the single-stranded DNA preventing DNA duplexing before the polymerase holoenzyme passes and synthesizes the complementary strand. It is also involved in DNA recombination and repair. [GOC:jl, UniProt:P0AGE0]


DNA polymerase III, core complex location

The DNA polymerase III core complex consists of the alpha,epsilon and theta subunits and is carries out the polymerase and the 3'-5' exonuclease proofreading activities. [GOC:jl, UniProt:P06710]


DNA polymerase III, beta sliding clamp processivity factor complex location

A subcomplex of the DNA polymerase III holoenzyme which is responsible for tethering the catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase to DNA during high-speed replication. The complex is homodimeric in prokaryotes, and homotrimeric in other species. [GOC:jl, UniProt:O73947]


Ost alpha-Ost beta complex
SLC51 complex
Ost-alpha/Ost-beta complex location
SLC51 complex location
Ost alpha-Ost beta complex location

A heterodimeric protein complex composed of Ost-alpha/SLC51A and Ost-beta/SLC51B subunits and involved in bile acid transport activity. [PMID:17650074, PMID:22535958]


A multisubunit complex involved in cytokinesis. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae this complex consists of Sho1p, Hof1p, Inn1p and Cyk3p proteins. [PMID:22623719]


Dsc E3 ubiquitin ligase complex location

An E3 ubiquitin ligase complex localized to the ER and Golgi membrane. In fission yeast comprises Dsc1, 2, 3 and 4. Involved in the processes of fission yeast sre1 (human SREBP) transcriptional activator proteolytic cleavage, the multivesicular body (MVB) pathway, and a post-endoplasmic reticulum pathway for protein catabolism. [GOC:mah, GOC:vw, PMID:21504829]


sulfopyruvate decarboxylase complex location

A complex of two polypeptides which form a dodecamer (A6B6). Catalyzes the decarboxylation of sulfopyruvic acid to sulfoacetaldehyde. This reaction is involved in coenzyme M biosynthesis. [GOC:mengo_curators, PMID:10940029]


methylthiol:coenzyme M methyl transferase complex location

methylthiol:CoM methyltransferase complex location

methylthiol coenzyme M methyl transferase complex location

methylthiol:coenzyme M methyltransferase complex location

A protein complex of two polypeptides which catalyzes the transfer of methyl group from methylthiol to coenzyme M during methanogenesis. [GOC:mengo_curators, PMID:11073950, PMID:9371433]


methanophenazine reducing hydrogenase complex location

A protein complex which catalyzes the conversion of methanophenazine and hydrogen to form dihydromethanophenazine. This typically consists of three polypeptides. [GOC:mengo_curators, PMID:9555882]


coenzyme M-7-mercaptoheptanoylthreonine-phosphate-heterodisulfide hydrogenase complex location

hydrogen:coenzyme-M-7-mercaptoheptanoylthreonine-phosphate-heterodisulfide oxidoreductase complex location

CoB-CoM heterodisulfide reductase complex location

A protein complex that in Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum is composed of six subunits, and in Methanosarcina barkeri contains is composed of either two subunits or nine subunits. Catalyzes the conversion of coenzyme B, coenzyme M, and methanophenazine to form N-{7-[(2-sulfoethyl)dithio]heptanoyl}-3-O-phospho-L-threonine and dihydromethanophenazine. [GOC:mengo_curators, PMID:8119281, PMID:8174566, PMID:9063468]


5-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin:2-mercaptoethane sulfonate 2-methyltransferase complex location

N5-methyltetrahydromethanopterin-coenzyme M methyltransferase complex location

methyl-tetrahydromethanopterin:coenzyme M methyltransferase complex location

A protein complex consisted of eight polypeptides. This complex catalyzes the formation of methyl-coenzyme M and H4MPT from N5-methyl-H4MPT and CoM during methanogenesis. [GOC:mengo_curators, PMID:8477726]


formyl-methanofuran dehydrogenase (molybdenum enzyme) complex location

A protein complex consisting of three polypeptides which also contains molybdenum, a molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide and iron-sulfur clusters. This protein complex catalyzes the reversible conversion of CO2 and methanofuran to formylmethanofuran during methanogenesis. [GOC:mengo_curators, PMID:1915887, PMID:8954165]


formyl-methanofuran dehydrogenase (tungsten enzyme) complex location

A protein complex consisting of four polypeptides which also contains tungsten, a molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide, and iron-sulfur clusters. This protein complex catalyzes the reversible conversion of CO2 and methanofuran to formylmethanofuran during methanogenesis. [GOC:mengo_curators, PMID:8125106, PMID:8575452]


methyl coenzyme M reductase complex location

A hexameric complex consisting of three polypeptides in an alpha2beta2gamma2 arrangement. Involved in the reduction of the coenzyme M-bound methyl group to methane, which is the final step in methanogenesis. [GOC:mengo_curators, PMID:9367957]


7,8-didemethyl-8-hydroxy-5-deazariboflavin synthase complex location

A heterodimer which catalyses the reaction of 5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil and 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate to form 7,8-didemethyl-8-hydroxy-5-deazariboflavin (FO), an intermediate of coenzyme F420. [GOC:mengo_curators, PMID:14593448]


Trr/COMPASS-like complex location
MLL3/4 complex location
Trr/COMPASS-like complex

A protein complex that can methylate lysine-4 of histone H3, and which contains either of the protein subunits MLL3 or MLL4 in mammals, or equivalent in other species. [GOC:sart, PMID:21875999]


MLL1/2 complex location
Trx-containing complex location
Trx-containing complex

A protein complex that can methylate lysine-4 of histone H3, and which contains either of the protein subunits MLL1 or MLL2 in human, or equivalent in other species. [GOC:sart, PMID:21875999]


A protein complex that associates with mRNP particles and RNA polymerase II and is proposed to integrate transcript elongation with the regulation of alternative splicing. In humans it is composed of the proteins KIAA1967/DBC1 and ZNF326/ZIRD. [GOC:sp, PMID:22446626]


adaptor protein-5 adaptor complex location

An AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex that in humans consists of beta5, zeta, mu5 and sigma5 subunits and is found associated with membranes in the endosomes; it is not clear whether AP-5 forms clathrin coats in vivo. [PMID:22022230]


starch utilization system complex location

A bacterial cell envelope-associated multiprotein system, which binds and degrades starch. [GOC:mengo_curators, GOC:tt, PMID:19553672]


nickel-iron hydrogenase complex location

A microbial enzyme complex which contains nickel and iron in its active site. In Acetomicrobium flavidum it is an alpha 2 beta 2 tetramer. [GOC:mengo_curators, GOC:tt, PMID:8936309]


secondary cell wall CESA complex location

secondary cell-wall cellulose synthase complex location

secondary cell wall cellulose synthase complex location

A large, multimeric protein complex which catalyzes the biosynthesis of cellulose for the plant secondary cell wall. In Arabidopsis, contains the essential component proteins CESA8, CESA7, and CESA4. [GOC:mengo_curators, GOC:tt, PMID:21307367]


primary cell-wall cellulose synthase complex location

primary cell wall cellulose synthase complex location

A large, multimeric protein complex which catalyzes the biosynthesis of cellulose for the plant primary cell wall. In Arabidopsis, contains the essential component proteins CESA1 and -3, and a CESA6-related protein. [GOC:mengo_curators, GOC:tt, PMID:17878302, PMID:21307367]


virus terminase complex location
virus terminase complex
viral terminase complex location

A complex of a large and small subunit which catalyze the packaging of DNA into viral heads. Note that not all viral terminases have this structure, some exist as single polypeptides. [GOC:bf, GOC:bm, GOC:jl, GOC:mlg]


Cdc48p-Npl4p-Vms1p AAA ATPase complex location

A multiprotein ATPase complex involved in the release of polyubiquitinated proteins, including those damaged by oxidative stress, from the outer mitochondria membrane into the cytoplasm where they are presented to the proteasome for proteolysis, a process also referred to as mitochondria-associated degradation (MAD). In budding yeast, this complex includes Cdc48p, Npl4p and Vms1p. [GOC:rn, PMID:21070972, PMID:21936843]


Any nuclear protein complex that contains an ATPase subunit of the imitation switch (ISWI) family. ISWI ATPases are involved in assembling chromatin and in sliding and spacing nucleosomes to regulate transcription of nuclear RNA polymerases I, II, and III and also DNA replication, recombination and repair. [GOC:krc, GOC:mah, PMID:15020051, PMID:15284901, PMID:16568949, PMID:21810179]


A protein complex consisting of cyclin Kand cyclin-dependent kinase 13 (CDK13). Cyclins are characterized by periodicity in protein abundance throughout the cell cycle. Cyclin-dependent kinases represent a family of serine/threonine protein kinases that become active upon binding to a cyclin regulatory partner. [PMID:22012619]


A protein complex consisting of cyclin Kand cyclin-dependent kinase 12 (CDK12). Cyclins are characterized by periodicity in protein abundance throughout the cell cycle. Cyclin-dependent kinases represent a family of serine/threonine protein kinases that become active upon binding to a cyclin regulatory partner. [PMID:22012619]


zona pellucida receptor complex location

A multisubunit complex comprising the chaperonin-containing T-complex and several other components involved in mediating sperm-oocyte Interaction. [GOC:hjd, PMID:21880732]


A subcomplex of the nuclear pore complex (NPC) that forms the inner rings of the core scaffold, a lattice-like structure that gives the NPC its shape and strength. In S. cerevisiae, the two inner rings are each composed of Nup192p, Nup188p, Nup170p and Nup157p. In vertebrates, the two inner rings are each composed of Nup205, Nup188 and Nup155. Components are arranged in 8-fold symmetrical 'spokes' around the central transport channel. A single 'spoke', can be isolated and is sometimes referred to as the Nup170 complex. [GOC:dgf, PMID:18046406, PMID:19524430, PMID:20947011, PMID:22419078]


tensidol A biosynthesis
tensidol A formation
tensidol A synthesis
tensidol A anabolism

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tensidol A. [GOC:di, GOC:TermGenie]


protein localization to eisosome filament

A process in which a protein is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location in a eisosome filament (also called linear eisosome), a filamentous cortical structure formed, in S. pombe, by the eisosome component Pil1. [GOC:mah, GOC:vw, PMID:22869600, PMID:23722945]


cellular response to 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an amitrole stimulus. [GOC:mah]


Cellular inclusion composed of numerous tau fibrils arranged in a disorderly array. Tau protein is a major component, though Pick bodies also contain ubiquitin, alpha-synuclein, and apolipoprotein E. [NIF_Subcellular:nlx_subcell_20090102]


telomeric repeat-containing RNA transcription

The synthesis of telomeric repeat-containing RNA from a DNA template. A telomere is a complex of DNA and proteins that seals the end of a chromosome. [GOC:al, PMID:22139915]


positive regulation of ferulate degradation

positive regulation of ferulate catabolism

positive regulation of ferulate breakdown

up-regulation of ferulate catabolic process

upregulation of ferulate catabolic process

up regulation of ferulate catabolic process

positive regulation of ferulate catabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ferulate catabolic process. [GOC:mengo_curators, GOC:TermGenie]


orlandin biosynthesis
orlandin formation
orlandin anabolism
orlandin synthesis

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of orlandin. [GOC:di, GOC:TermGenie]


asymmetric protein localization to old mitotic spindle pole body

Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained to the old mitotic spindle pole body resulting in its being distributed asymmetrically. [GOC:dph, GOC:vw]


response to reverse transcriptase inhibitor

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a reverse transcriptase inhibitor stimulus. [GOC:dph]


glomerular visceral epithelial cell migration

The orderly movement of a podocyte from one site to another, often during the development of a multicellular organism or multicellular structure. A podocyte is a specialized kidney epithelial cell. [GOC:pm, PMID:21402783]


arg-arg specific dibasic protein processing

Any protein processing achieved by the cleavage of a peptide bond after two consecutive arginine amino acid residues within a protein. [GOC:al]


down regulation of emodin biosynthetic process

down-regulation of emodin biosynthetic process

downregulation of emodin biosynthetic process

negative regulation of emodin biosynthesis

negative regulation of emodin biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of emodin biosynthetic process. [GOC:di, GOC:TermGenie]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving zeaxanthin. [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:yaf, MetaCyc:PWY-5944, UniPathway:UPA00843]


phytoene catabolism
phytoene degradation
phytoene breakdown

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phytoene. [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:yaf, UniPathway:UPA00799]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving mitomycin C. [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:yaf, PMID:10094699, PMID:10099135]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving oxytetracycline. [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:yaf, PMID:8163168]


prephenate(2-) metabolism
prephenate metabolism

The chemical reactions and pathways involving prephenate(2-). [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:yaf, PMID:16752890]


proteasome-mediated transcription factor catabolism

sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a sequence-specific DNA-binding transcription factor by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, and mediated by the proteasome. [GOC:al, GOC:vw, PMID:22833559]


Part of axon of a CA3 pyramidal neuron that projects to hippocampal area CA1. [NIF_Subcellular:nlx_subcell_20090511]


oxidoreductase activity, acting on NAD(P)H, oxygen as acceptor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which NADH or NADPH acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces an oxygen molecule. [EC:1.6.3.-]


mitochondrial fragmentation involved in apoptotic process

The change in the morphology of the mitochondria in an apoptotic cell from a highly branched network to a fragmented vesicular form. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:rk, PMID:12867994]


histone H2A monoubiquitination (H2A-K119)

The modification of histone H2A by addition of a single ubiquitin group to lysine-119 (H2A- K119) in metazoans, and at the equivalent residue in other organisms. [GOC:sp, PMID:15386022]


avascular cornea development in camera-type eye

The progression of an avascular cornea over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Corneal avascularity (the absence of blood vessels in the cornea) is required for optical clarity and optimal vision. Avascular corneas are present in most animals, except Manatees. [GOC:uh, PMID:16849433, PMID:17051153]


cellular response to lowered oxygen levels

cellular response to decreased oxygen levels

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting a decline in the level of oxygen. [GOC:al]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a diuretic stimulus. A diuretic is an agent that promotes the excretion of urine through its effects on kidney function. [GOC:hp]


The process in which a contractile ring is assembled and/or maintained in a specific location. [GOC:mah, GOC:vw]


dopamine neurotransmitter receptor activity

Combining with the neurotransmitter dopamine to initiate a change in cell activity. [GOC:PARL, IUPHAR_GPCR:1282, PMID:21711983]


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of kojic acid. [GOC:di]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving kojic acid. [GOC:di]


positive regulation of ciliary cell motility

positive regulation of cilium-dependent cell motility

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cilium-dependent cell motility. [GOC:cilia, GOC:jl]


A cell wall part that is the part of a wall of a vessel member and bears one or more openings (perforations). [GOC:PO_curators, ISBN:0471245194]


The process of opening of stomata, pores in the epidermis of leaves and stems bordered by two guard cells and serving in gas exchange. [PMID:21749899]


The seed development process whose outcome is the drying of a maturing seed. [PMID:20138563]


The process of DNA recombination occurring within a single chromosome. [PMID:7748165]


The process by which excess light energy absorbed by chlorophyll and not used to drive photosynthesis is emitted by nonphotochemical quenching or chlorophyll fluorescence. [PMID:10938857]


The regionalization process that gives rise to the patterning of the ground tissue. [PMID:23444357]


The degradosome is a protein complex playing a key role in mRNA degradation and RNA processing. It includes a RNA helicase, a 3'-5' phosphate-dependent PNPase and a RNase E bound-enolase. [GOC:bhm, PMID:21805185]


The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the fruit valve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The fruit valve is a part of a fruit that splits apart when the fruit dehisces. [PMID:23133401, PO:0000033]


The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the fruit replum over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The fruit replum is a portion of fruit placenta tissue that divides a fruit into two or more chambers and develops from a replum. [PMID:23133401, PO:0025267]


Catalyzes the reaction: L-phenylalanine + O2 + H2O -> phenylacetaldehyde + ammonia + hydrogen peroxide + CO2. [MetaCyc:RXN-8990, PMID:16766535, PMID:23204519]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a temozolomide stimulus. [GOC:hp]


Catalysis of the reaction: DNA containing 5-methylcytosine + H2O = DNA with abasic site + 5-methylcytosine. This reaction is the hydrolysis of DNA by cleavage of the N-C1' glycosidic bond between the DNA 5-methylcytosine and the deoxyribose sugar to remove the 5-methylcytosine, leaving an abasic site. [PMID:23316050]


endoplasmic reticulum to chloroplast lipid transport

The directed movement of a lipid from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the chloroplast. [PMID:18689504]


PKC activation
protein kinase C activation

Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme protein kinase C. [PMID:3156004]


retrograde dense core granule trafficking

retrograde neuronal dense core vesicle transport

The directed movement of neuronal dense core vesicles along axonal microtubules towards the cell body. [GOC:kmv, PMID:23358451, PMID:24762653]


anterograde dense core granule transport

anterograde dense core granule trafficking

anterograde neuronal dense core vesicle transport

The directed movement of substances in neuronal dense core vesicles along axonal microtubules towards the presynapse. [GOC:kmv, PMID:23358451]


A proteinaceous, nuclear-derived structure that embeds the microtubule spindle apparatus from pole to pole in a microtubule-independent manner during mitosis. [GOC:ans, PMID:19273613, PMID:22855526]


The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the sclerotium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A sclerotium is a mycelial resting body, resistant to adverse environmental conditions. [GOC:di, PMID:21148914]


protein localisation to lipid droplet
protein localisation to lipid body
protein localisation to adiposome
protein localization to lipid particle
protein localisation to lipid particle
protein localization to adiposome
protein localization to lipid body

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location on or within a lipid droplet. [GOC:sart, PMID:22505614]


5' deoxyribonuclease (pyrimidine dimer) activity

Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage immediately 5' to pyrimidine dimers to products with 5'-phosphate. [EC:3.1.25.-, GOC:al, PMID:9708997]


glycerol dehydrogenase activity, NAD or NADP as acceptor

glycerol dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which glycerol is converted into glycerone and NAD+ or NADP is reduced. [PMID:22979944]


Specialization of the hypolemmal cisterna consisting of either single profiles or closely apposed stacks of endoplasmic reticulum in which the lumen is obliterated, lying 10-20 nm beneath the plasma membrane. [ISBN:0195065719, NIF_Subcellular:sao128470897]


Specialized part of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum that closely underlies the plasma membrane, usually within 60 nm or closer. [ISBN:0195065719, NIF_Subcellular:sao1634374950]


The center portion of a Lewy body. In Parkinson's disease, it contains a matted meshwork of filaments. [NIF_Subcellular:sao6587439252]


calcium ion import into sarcoplasmic reticulum

The directed movement of calcium ions into a sarcoplasmic reticulum. [GOC:BHF, PMID:17286271]


calcium ion export from cell
calcium ion efflux from cell

calcium ion export across plasma membrane

The directed movement of calcium ions from inside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the extracellular region. [GOC:mah, PMID:2145281]


The part of a dendritic tree where it branches, giving rise to a dendritic branch. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, NIF_Subcellular:sao1348591767]


A parallel fiber results from the bifurcation of a cerebellar granule cell axon in the molecular layer into two diametrically opposed branches, that are oriented parallel to the long axis of the folium. [ISBN:0195159551, NIF_Subcellular:nlx_330]


Dense plexus formed by the descending collaterals of cerebellar basket cells that wrap around a Purkinje cell axonal initial segment. [NIF_Subcellular:sao109906988]


peri cellular basket
peri-cellular basket

Ramification of basket cell axon surrounding cell bodies, forming the characteristic pericellular baskets from which the cell class derives its name. [NIF_Subcellular:sao413722576]


Synaptic bouton found in the ventral horn of the spinal cord. S boutons range in diameter from 0.5 to 8 um and contain spherical synaptic vesicles. [NIF_Subcellular:nlx_subcell_100207]


Synaptic expansion of hippocampal mossy fiber axon that makes contact with the thorny excrescences of hippocampal CA3 pyramidal cell dendrites. [NIF_Subcellular:nlx_subcell_1005002]


Synaptic bouton found in the ventral horn of the spinal cord. F boutons range in diameter from 0.5 to 7 um and contain flattened or pleomorphic synaptic vesicles. [NIF_Subcellular:nlx_subcell_100206]


Synaptic bouton found in spinal cord on the soma and proximal dendrites of motor neurons. [NIF_Subcellular:nlx_subcell_100208]


The area in the center of the anaphase spindle consisting of microtubules, microtubule bundling factors and kinesin motors where the spindle microtubules from opposite poles overlap in an antiparallel manner. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle, GOC:vw]


Axon collateral that ramifies in the area of the soma of the cell of origin. [NIF_Subcellular:sao1642494436]


A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a protein storage vacuole, a storage vacuole that contains a lytic vacuole. [GOC:tb, PMID:21670741]


Elongated process of a tanycyte, devoid of cytoplasmic extensions, that courses through the hypothalamic nuclei to form small endfoot processes that terminate either on blood vessels or at the pial surface of the brain. A tanycyte is a specialized elongated ventricular ependymal cell. [ISBN:0195065719, NIF_Subcellular:sao1749953771]


Portion of a tanycyte that lies within the ependyma and contains the nucleus. A tanycyte is a specialized elongated ventricular ependymal cell that has processes that extend to the outer, or pial, surface of the CNS. [ISBN:0195065719, NIF_Subcellular:sao401910342]


Elongated portion of a tanycyte that sticks into the periventricular layer of neuropil where it appears to contact a blood vessel; characterized by numerous cytoplasmic extensions. A tanycyte is a specialized elongated ventricular ependymal cell that has processes that extend to the outer, or pial, surface of the CNS. [ISBN:0195065719, NIF_Subcellular:sao901230115]


A cell projection (often from glial cells such as Schwann cells) that surrounds an unmyelinated axon or cell soma. [NIF_Subcellular:sao1376748732]


A hexagonal array of electron dense particles attached to the cytoplasmic face of the presynaptic membrane. [ISBN:0716723808, NIF_Subcellular:sao1730664005]


Inclusion body characterized by regularly spaced sheets of tubules arranged in a whorl pattern resembling a fingerprint. Laminated bodies have been observed in neurons of the lateral geniculate nucleus. [ISBN:0195065719, NIF_Subcellular:sao506721981]


compound eye retinal cell apoptotic process

Any apoptotic process in a compound eye retinal cell. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, PMID:12021768]


Any apoptotic process in a retinal cell. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, PMID:15558487, PMID:24664675]


A large cytoplasmic membrane-bounded vesicle with an electron dense granular core, up to 150-200 nm in diameter, found in neurosecretory cells in the hypothalamus. [ISBN:0195065719, NIF_Subcellular:sao2031592629]


A configuration of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) found in Purkinje cells in the cerebellum and in axons in the lateral vestibular nucleus, consisting of parallel and interconnecting tubules whose outer surfaces are covered by particles or ringlike structures. [ISBN:9780195065718, NIF_Subcellular:sao2114874506]


A cytoplasmic membrane-bounded vesicle first described in dendrites, categorized by smooth membranes, electron-lucent interiors and irregular shapes. Sometimes occurs in clumps. Amorphous vesicles have been found to contain material taken up from the extracellular space, therefore suggesting that they may be part of the endosomal pathway. [NIF_Subcellular:sao1531915298, PMID:11896161]


A cytoplasmic membrane-bounded vesicle of varying size, but usually larger than 45 nm, with an electron dense granular core, found in noradrenergic and peptidergic cells. [NIF_Subcellular:sao478230652]


IDP phosphatase activity
inosine diphosphatase activity
IDPase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: IDP + H2O = IMP + phosphate. [PMID:20385596, PMID:22849572, RHEA:35207]


methylglyoxal reductase (NADPH-dependent, acetol producing)

Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + methylglyoxal + NADPH <=> hydroxyacetone + NADP+. [EC:1.1.1.-, MetaCyc:RXN0-4281, PMID:16077126, RHEA:27986]


inhibition of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process

Any process that prevents the activation of an inactive cysteine-type endopeptidase involved in an apoptotic process. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, PMID:11943137]


The process in which a polyamine macromolecule is transported across a membrane. [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:vw]


positive regulation of Apo-1 signaling pathway

positive regulation of CD95 signaling pathway

up regulation of Apo-1 signaling pathway

upregulation of Fas receptor signaling pathway

up-regulation of Fas receptor signaling pathway

up regulation of Fas receptor signaling pathway

positive regulation of Fas receptor signaling pathway

positive regulation of FasR signaling pathway

up-regulation of Apo-1 signaling pathway

positive regulation of Fas signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Fas signaling pathway. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:17245429]


downregulation of CD95 signaling pathway

negative regulation of Apo-1 signaling pathway

downregulation of Apo-1 signaling pathway

down-regulation of Fas receptor signaling pathway

down regulation of Apo-1 signaling pathway

down-regulation of Apo-1 signaling pathway

negative regulation of Fas receptor signaling pathway

down-regulation of CD95 signaling pathway

down regulation of CD95 signaling pathway

down-regulation of FasR signaling pathway

down regulation of Fas signaling pathway

negative regulation of FasR signaling pathway

downregulation of Fas receptor signaling pathway

down-regulation of Fas signaling pathway

down regulation of FasR signaling pathway

downregulation of FasR signaling pathway

down regulation of Fas receptor signaling pathway

negative regulation of CD95 signaling pathway

negative regulation of Fas signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of Fas signaling pathway. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:17245429]


regulation of Fas receptor signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Fas signaling pathway. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:17245429]


up regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors

up-regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors

upregulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors

positive regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:17245429]


down-regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors

downregulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors

down regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors

negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:17245429]


regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:17245429]


upregulation of seed dormancy process
up regulation of seed dormancy process
up-regulation of seed dormancy process

positive regulation of seed dormancy process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of seed dormancy process. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23378449]


down regulation of seed dormancy process

down-regulation of seed dormancy process

negative regulation of seed dormancy process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of seed dormancy process. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23378449]


up regulation of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation

up-regulation of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation

up-regulation of haematopoietic stem cell differentiation

upregulation of hemopoietic stem cell differentiation

upregulation of haemopoietic stem cell differentiation

upregulation of haematopoietic stem cell differentiation

positive regulation of haemopoietic stem cell differentiation

up-regulation of hemopoietic stem cell differentiation

upregulation of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation

positive regulation of hemopoietic stem cell differentiation

up regulation of haemopoietic stem cell differentiation

up regulation of hemopoietic stem cell differentiation

up regulation of haematopoietic stem cell differentiation

positive regulation of haematopoietic stem cell differentiation

up-regulation of haemopoietic stem cell differentiation

positive regulation of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23403623]


negative regulation of hemopoietic stem cell differentiation

down-regulation of hemopoietic stem cell differentiation

down-regulation of haematopoietic stem cell differentiation

downregulation of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation

down regulation of haematopoietic stem cell differentiation

downregulation of haematopoietic stem cell differentiation

negative regulation of haematopoietic stem cell differentiation

downregulation of hemopoietic stem cell differentiation

down regulation of haemopoietic stem cell differentiation

negative regulation of haemopoietic stem cell differentiation

down-regulation of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation

downregulation of haemopoietic stem cell differentiation

down-regulation of haemopoietic stem cell differentiation

down regulation of hemopoietic stem cell differentiation

down regulation of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation

negative regulation of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23403623]


regulation of haemopoietic stem cell differentiation

regulation of hemopoietic stem cell differentiation

regulation of haematopoietic stem cell differentiation

regulation of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23403623]


positive regulation of hemopoietic stem cell proliferation

upregulation of hematopoietic stem cell proliferation

up-regulation of hemopoietic stem cell proliferation

upregulation of hemopoietic stem cell proliferation

up-regulation of hematopoietic stem cell proliferation

up regulation of hemopoietic stem cell proliferation

up regulation of hematopoietic stem cell proliferation

positive regulation of hematopoietic stem cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hematopoietic stem cell proliferation. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23403623]


negative regulation of hemopoietic stem cell proliferation

downregulation of hematopoietic stem cell proliferation

down regulation of hematopoietic stem cell proliferation

down-regulation of hematopoietic stem cell proliferation

down-regulation of hemopoietic stem cell proliferation

downregulation of hemopoietic stem cell proliferation

down regulation of hemopoietic stem cell proliferation

negative regulation of hematopoietic stem cell proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hematopoietic stem cell proliferation. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23403623]


regulation of hemopoietic stem cell proliferation

regulation of hematopoietic stem cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hematopoietic stem cell proliferation. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23403623]


regulation of oxidized NADP metabolic process

regulation of NADP (reduced) metabolic process

regulation of reduced NADP metabolic process

regulation of NADP (oxidized) metabolic process

regulation of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate metabolism

regulation of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate metabolic process

regulation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate metabolism

regulation of oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate metabolism

regulation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate metabolic process

regulation of NADP (oxidized) metabolism

regulation of oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of NADP metabolic process. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23334421]


down-regulation of histone H3K18 acetylation

down regulation of histone H3K18 acetylation

downregulation of histone H3 acetylation at K18

down-regulation of histone H3-K18 acetylation

down regulation of histone H3-K18 acetylation

down-regulation of histone H3 acetylation at K18

down regulation of histone H3 acetylation at K18

negative regulation of histone H3K18 acetylation

negative regulation of histone H3 acetylation at K18

downregulation of histone H3-K18 acetylation

inhibition of histone H3 acetylation at K18

downregulation of histone H3K18 acetylation

negative regulation of histone H3-K18 acetylation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of histone H3-K18 acetylation. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22110608]


up-regulation of histone H3 acetylation at K18

upregulation of histone H3 acetylation at K18

up regulation of histone H3-K18 acetylation

up regulation of histone H3K18 acetylation

up-regulation of histone H3-K18 acetylation

up regulation of histone H3 acetylation at K18

positive regulation of histone H3K18 acetylation

upregulation of histone H3-K18 acetylation

up-regulation of histone H3K18 acetylation

upregulation of histone H3K18 acetylation

activation of histone H3 acetylation at K18

positive regulation of histone H3 acetylation at K18

positive regulation of histone H3-K18 acetylation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of histone H3-K18 acetylation. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22110608]


regulation of histone H3 acetylation at K18

regulation of histone H3-K18 acetylation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of histone H3-K18 acetylation. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22110608]


upregulation of cartilage condensation
up regulation of cartilage condensation
up-regulation of cartilage condensation

positive regulation of cartilage condensation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cartilage condensation. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:17202865]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cartilage condensation. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:17202865]


The directed movement of nitrate into a cell or organelle. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22658680]


regulation of bacterial-type flagellum cell motility

regulation of bacterial-type flagellar cell motility

regulation of flagellin-based flagellar cell motility

regulation of bacterial-type flagellum-dependent cell motility

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of bacterial-type flagellum-dependent cell motility. [GOC:cilia, GOC:jl, GOC:TermGenie]


down regulation of ciliary cell motility

negative regulation of ciliary cell motility

down-regulation of ciliary cell motility

negative regulation of cilium cell motility

negative regulation of cilium-dependent cell motility

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cilium-dependent cell motility. [GOC:cilia, GOC:jl, GOC:TermGenie]


regulation of cilium cell motility
regulation of ciliary cell motility

regulation of cilium-dependent cell motility

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cilium-dependent cell motility. [GOC:cilia, GOC:jl, GOC:TermGenie]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cilium assembly. [GOC:cilia, GOC:dph, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:17719545]


poly(glucosyl N-acetylgalactosamine 1-phosphate) teichoic acid biosynthesis

poly(glucopyranosyl N-acetylgalactosamine 1-phosphate) teichoic acid anabolism

poly(glucopyranosyl N-acetylgalactosamine 1-phosphate) teichoic acid formation

poly(glucosyl N-acetylgalactosamine 1-phosphate) teichoic acid biosynthetic process

poly(glucopyranosyl N-acetylgalactosamine 1-phosphate) teichoic acid synthesis

poly(glucopyranosyl N-acetylgalactosamine 1-phosphate) teichoic acid biosynthesis

poly(glucopyranosyl N-acetylgalactosamine 1-phosphate) teichoic acid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of poly(glucopyranosyl N-acetylgalactosamine 1-phosphate) teichoic acid. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:16735734, UniPathway:UPA00789, UniPathway:UPA00828]


poly(glucosyl N-acetylgalactosamine 1-phosphate) teichoic acid metabolic process

poly(glucopyranosyl N-acetylgalactosamine 1-phosphate) teichoic acid metabolism

poly(glucosyl N-acetylgalactosamine 1-phosphate) teichoic acid metabolism

poly(glucopyranosyl N-acetylgalactosamine 1-phosphate) teichoic acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving poly(glucopyranosyl N-acetylgalactosamine 1-phosphate) teichoic acid. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:16735734, UniPathway:UPA00789, UniPathway:UPA00828]


poly(glycerol phosphate) teichoic acid biosynthesis

poly(glycerol phosphate) teichoic acid anabolism

poly(glycerol phosphate) teichoic acid synthesis

poly(glycerol phosphate) teichoic acid formation

poly(glycerol phosphate) teichoic acid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of poly(glycerol phosphate) teichoic acid. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:11882717, UniPathway:UPA00827]


poly(glycerol phosphate) teichoic acid metabolism

poly(glycerol phosphate) teichoic acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving poly(glycerol phosphate) teichoic acid. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:11882717, UniPathway:UPA00827]


poly(ribitol phosphate) teichoic acid biosynthesis

poly(ribitol phosphate) teichoic acid formation

poly(ribitol phosphate) teichoic acid anabolism

poly(ribitol phosphate) teichoic acid synthesis

poly(ribitol phosphate) teichoic acid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of poly(ribitol phosphate) teichoic acid. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:11882717, UniPathway:UPA00790]


poly(ribitol phosphate) teichoic acid metabolism

poly(ribitol phosphate) teichoic acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving poly(ribitol phosphate) teichoic acid. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:11882717, UniPathway:UPA00790]


downregulation of protein biosynthetic process involved in ER stress response

negative regulation of protein anabolism involved in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress

negative regulation of protein formation involved in response to ER stress

down-regulation of protein biosynthetic process involved in response to ER stress

downregulation of protein biosynthetic process involved in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress

negative regulation of protein biosynthesis involved in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress

negative regulation of protein synthesis involved in response to ER stress

negative regulation of protein synthesis involved in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress

down-regulation of protein biosynthetic process involved in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress

negative regulation of protein formation involved in ER stress response

negative regulation of protein biosynthetic process involved in ER stress response

down-regulation of protein biosynthetic process involved in ER stress response

negative regulation of translation involved in response to ER stress

negative regulation of protein biosynthesis involved in response to ER stress

negative regulation of protein biosynthesis involved in ER stress response

down regulation of protein biosynthetic process involved in response to ER stress

negative regulation of protein biosynthetic process involved in response to ER stress

negative regulation of protein anabolism involved in ER stress response

downregulation of protein biosynthetic process involved in response to ER stress

negative regulation of protein anabolism involved in response to ER stress

negative regulation of protein biosynthetic process involved in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress

down regulation of protein biosynthetic process involved in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress

down regulation of protein biosynthetic process involved in ER stress response

negative regulation of translation involved in ER stress response

negative regulation of protein formation involved in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress

negative regulation of protein synthesis involved in ER stress response

negative regulation of translation in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of translation as a result of endoplasmic reticulum stress. [GOC:dph, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:10882126]


upregulation of toxin transport
up-regulation of toxin transport
up regulation of toxin transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of toxin transport. [GOC:dph, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22792315]


downregulation of toxin transport
down regulation of toxin transport
down-regulation of toxin transport

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of toxin transport. [GOC:dph, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22792315]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of toxin transport. [GOC:dph, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22792315]


negative regulation of proline formation

negative regulation of proline synthesis

down-regulation of proline biosynthetic process

negative regulation of proline anabolism

down regulation of proline biosynthetic process

downregulation of proline biosynthetic process

negative regulation of proline biosynthesis

negative regulation of proline biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of proline biosynthetic process. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23415322]


regulation of proline formation
regulation of proline biosynthesis
regulation of proline synthesis
regulation of proline anabolism

regulation of proline biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of proline biosynthetic process. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23415322]


positive regulation of beta-amyloid formation

positive regulation of amyloid-beta formation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of amyloid-beta formation. [GOC:dph, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:17098871]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of amyloid-beta formation. [GOC:dph, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:17098871]


The process in which a fatty acid is transported across a membrane. [GOC:rb, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:9395310]


homogentisate breakdown
homogentisate catabolism
homogentisate degradation

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of homogentisate. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22980205]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving homogentisate. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22980205]


The directed movement of a toxin into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:dph, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:17118486]


negative regulation of indoleacetic acid anabolism via tryptophan

downregulation of indoleacetic acid anabolism via tryptophan

down regulation of indoleacetic acid synthesis via tryptophan

down regulation of indoleacetic acid anabolism via tryptophan

inhibition of indoleacetic acid anabolism via tryptophan

inhibition of indoleacetic acid synthesis via tryptophan

downregulation of indoleacetic acid formation via tryptophan

downregulation of indoleacetic acid biosynthetic process via tryptophan

down-regulation of IAA biosynthetic process via tryptophan

down-regulation of indoleacetic acid biosynthetic process via tryptophan

inhibition of indoleacetic acid formation via tryptophan

negative regulation of indoleacetic acid synthesis via tryptophan

inhibition of IAA biosynthetic process via tryptophan

down-regulation of indoleacetic acid anabolism via tryptophan

negative regulation of indoleacetic acid formation via tryptophan

down regulation of indoleacetic acid formation via tryptophan

downregulation of indoleacetic acid synthesis via tryptophan

negative regulation of IAA biosynthetic process via tryptophan

down regulation of IAA biosynthetic process via tryptophan

downregulation of IAA biosynthetic process via tryptophan

down regulation of indoleacetic acid biosynthetic process via tryptophan

down-regulation of indoleacetic acid formation via tryptophan

down-regulation of indoleacetic acid synthesis via tryptophan

negative regulation of indoleacetic acid biosynthetic process via tryptophan

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of indoleacetic acid biosynthetic process via tryptophan. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23377040]


regulation of indoleacetic acid synthesis via tryptophan

regulation of indoleacetic acid anabolism via tryptophan

regulation of IAA biosynthetic process via tryptophan

regulation of indoleacetic acid formation via tryptophan

regulation of indoleacetic acid biosynthetic process via tryptophan

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of indoleacetic acid biosynthetic process via tryptophan. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23377040]


up regulation of meiotic cell cycle phase transition

upregulation of meiotic cell cycle phase transition

up-regulation of meiotic cell cycle phase transition

positive regulation of meiotic cell cycle phase transition

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of meiotic cell cycle phase transition. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22841721]


down-regulation of meiotic cell cycle phase transition

down regulation of meiotic cell cycle phase transition

downregulation of meiotic cell cycle phase transition

negative regulation of meiotic cell cycle phase transition

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of meiotic cell cycle phase transition. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22841721]


regulation of meiotic cell cycle phase transition

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of meiotic cell cycle phase transition. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22841721]


up-regulation of mitotic cell cycle phase transition

up regulation of mitotic cell cycle phase transition

upregulation of mitotic cell cycle phase transition

positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle phase transition

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic cell cycle phase transition. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22841721]


down-regulation of mitotic cell cycle phase transition

down regulation of mitotic cell cycle phase transition

downregulation of mitotic cell cycle phase transition

negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle phase transition

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic cell cycle phase transition. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22841721]


regulation of mitotic cell cycle phase transition

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic cell cycle phase transition. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22841721]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a ketamine stimulus. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:11251190]


positive regulation of protein amino acid acetylation

up regulation of protein amino acid acetylation

up-regulation of protein amino acid acetylation

upregulation of protein amino acid acetylation

positive regulation of protein acetylation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein acetylation. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22117195]


downregulation of protein amino acid acetylation

down-regulation of protein amino acid acetylation

down regulation of protein amino acid acetylation

negative regulation of protein amino acid acetylation

negative regulation of protein acetylation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein acetylation. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22117195]


regulation of protein amino acid acetylation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein acetylation. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22117195]


Binding to maltose. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:21566157]


Binding to phosphatidylinositol phosphate. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23445487]


upregulation of inward rectifier potassium channel activity

positive regulation of Kir channel activity

up-regulation of inward rectifier potassium channel activity

up regulation of inward rectifier potassium channel activity

positive regulation of inward rectifier potassium channel activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of inward rectifier potassium channel activity. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23449501]


regulation of inward rectifier potassium channel activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of inward rectifier potassium channel activity. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23449501]


up-regulation of cell cycle checkpoint
up regulation of cell cycle checkpoint
upregulation of cell cycle checkpoint

positive regulation of cell cycle checkpoint

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell cycle checkpoint. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23028116]


down-regulation of cell cycle checkpoint

down regulation of cell cycle checkpoint

negative regulation of cell cycle checkpoint

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell cycle checkpoint. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23028116]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell cycle checkpoint. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23028116]


The process in which glycerate is transported across a membrane. [GOC:TermGenie, pmid:23382251]


glycerate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of glycerate from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:TermGenie, pmid:23382251]


Binding to proline. [GOC:pm, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:7730362]


up-regulation of DNA-5-methylcytosine glycosylase activity

up regulation of DNA-5-methylcytosine glycosylase activity

upregulation of DNA-5-methylcytosine glycosylase activity

positive regulation of DNA-5-methylcytosine glycosylase activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA-5-methylcytosine glycosylase activity. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23316050]


regulation of DNA-5-methylcytosine glycosylase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA-5-methylcytosine glycosylase activity. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23316050]


up regulation of sister chromatid separation during mitosis

activation of sister chromatid separation during mitosis

activation of mitotic sister chromatid resolution

upregulation of sister chromatid separation during mitosis

upregulation of mitotic sister chromatid resolution

up-regulation of mitotic sister chromatid resolution

positive regulation of mitotic sister chromatid resolution

up-regulation of sister chromatid separation during mitosis

up regulation of mitotic sister chromatid separation

positive regulation of sister chromatid separation during mitosis

up-regulation of mitotic sister chromatid separation

upregulation of mitotic sister chromatid separation

up regulation of mitotic sister chromatid resolution

positive regulation of mitotic sister chromatid separation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic sister chromatid separation. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:1846086]


positive regulation of polynucleotide 3'-phosphohydrolase activity

up regulation of 2'(3')-polynucleotidase activity

upregulation of 5'-polynucleotidekinase 3'-phosphatase activity

upregulation of polynucleotide 3'-phosphatase activity

up-regulation of polynucleotide 3'-phosphatase activity

positive regulation of 2'(3')-polynucleotidase activity

up regulation of deoxyribonucleate 3'-phosphatase activity

activation of DNA 3'-phosphatase activity

upregulation of polynucleotide 3'-phosphohydrolase activity

positive regulation of DNA 3'-phosphatase activity

up regulation of DNA 3'-phosphatase activity

up regulation of 5'-polynucleotidekinase 3'-phosphatase activity

up regulation of polynucleotide 3'-phosphohydrolase activity

up-regulation of 2'(3')-polynucleotidase activity

activation of 5'-polynucleotidekinase 3'-phosphatase activity

up regulation of polynucleotide 3'-phosphatase activity

upregulation of DNA 3'-phosphatase activity

up-regulation of deoxyribonucleate 3'-phosphatase activity

positive regulation of deoxyribonucleate 3'-phosphatase activity

activation of 2'(3')-polynucleotidase activity

upregulation of deoxyribonucleate 3'-phosphatase activity

positive regulation of 5'-polynucleotidekinase 3'-phosphatase activity

activation of polynucleotide 3'-phosphohydrolase activity

up-regulation of DNA 3'-phosphatase activity

up-regulation of polynucleotide 3'-phosphohydrolase activity

up-regulation of 5'-polynucleotidekinase 3'-phosphatase activity

upregulation of 2'(3')-polynucleotidase activity

activation of deoxyribonucleate 3'-phosphatase activity

positive regulation of polynucleotide 3'-phosphatase activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of polynucleotide 3'-phosphatase activity. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23316050]


regulation of 2'(3')-polynucleotidase activity

regulation of 5'-polynucleotidekinase 3'-phosphatase activity

regulation of polynucleotide 3'-phosphohydrolase activity

regulation of deoxyribonucleate 3'-phosphatase activity

regulation of DNA 3'-phosphatase activity

regulation of polynucleotide 3'-phosphatase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of polynucleotide 3'-phosphatase activity. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23316050]


down-regulation of cellular response to iron ion starvation

downregulation of cellular response to iron ion starvation

down regulation of cellular response to iron ion starvation

negative regulation of cellular response to iron ion starvation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to iron ion starvation. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23115244]


regulation of cellular response to iron ion starvation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to iron ion starvation. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23115244]


endoplasmic reticulum to chloroplast transport

The directed movement of substances from endoplasmic reticulum to chloroplast. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:18689504]


up regulation of cell proliferation involved in outflow tract morphogenesis

upregulation of cell proliferation involved in outflow tract morphogenesis

up-regulation of cell proliferation involved in outflow tract morphogenesis

positive regulation of cell proliferation involved in outflow tract morphogenesis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation involved in outflow tract morphogenesis. [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_heart, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:21419760]


regulation of cell proliferation involved in outflow tract morphogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation involved in outflow tract morphogenesis. [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_heart, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:21419760]


The directed movement of S-adenosyl-L-methionine across a membrane. [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:10497160]


isobutanol anabolism
isobutanol formation
isobutanol synthesis
isobutanol biosynthesis

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isobutanol. [GOC:mengo_curators, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22224870]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving isobutanol. [GOC:mengo_curators, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22224870]


positive regulation of cutin biosynthesis

up regulation of cutin biosynthetic process

up-regulation of cutin biosynthetic process

upregulation of cutin biosynthetic process

positive regulation of cutin biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cutin biosynthetic process. [GOC:tb, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23243127]


down regulation of cutin biosynthetic process

negative regulation of cutin biosynthesis

downregulation of cutin biosynthetic process

down-regulation of cutin biosynthetic process

negative regulation of cutin biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cutin biosynthetic process. [GOC:tb, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23243127]


regulation of cutin synthesis
regulation of cutin biosynthesis
regulation of cutin anabolism
regulation of cutin formation

regulation of cutin biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cutin biosynthetic process. [GOC:tb, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23243127]


upregulation of retrograde dense core granule transport

up regulation of retrograde dense core granule transport

up-regulation of retrograde dense core granule transport

positive regulation of retrograde dense core granule transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of retrograde dense core granule transport. [GOC:kmv, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23358451]


downregulation of retrograde dense core granule transport

down regulation of retrograde dense core granule transport

down-regulation of retrograde dense core granule transport

negative regulation of retrograde dense core granule transport

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of retrograde dense core granule transport. [GOC:kmv, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23358451]


regulation of retrograde dense core granule transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of retrograde dense core granule transport. [GOC:kmv, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23358451]


up regulation of anterograde dense core granule transport

upregulation of anterograde dense core granule transport

up-regulation of anterograde dense core granule transport

positive regulation of anterograde dense core granule transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of anterograde dense core granule transport. [GOC:kmv, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23358451]


down regulation of anterograde dense core granule transport

downregulation of anterograde dense core granule transport

down-regulation of anterograde dense core granule transport

negative regulation of anterograde dense core granule transport

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of anterograde dense core granule transport. [GOC:kmv, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23358451]


regulation of anterograde dense core granule transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of anterograde dense core granule transport. [GOC:kmv, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23358451]


The directed movement a dense core granule within a cell. [GOC:kmv, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23358451]


5alpha,9alpha,10beta-labda-8(20),13-dien-15-yl diphosphate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 5alpha,9alpha,10beta-labda-8(20),13-dien-15-yl diphosphate. [GOC:TermGenie, pmid:22027823]


5alpha,9alpha,10beta-labda-8(20),13-dien-15-yl diphosphate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 5alpha,9alpha,10beta-labda-8(20),13-dien-15-yl diphosphate. [GOC:TermGenie, pmid:22027823]


5alpha,9alpha,10beta-labda-8(20),13-dien-15-yl diphosphate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving 5alpha,9alpha,10beta-labda-8(20),13-dien-15-yl diphosphate. [GOC:TermGenie, pmid:22027823]


miltiradiene biosynthesis
miltiradiene synthesis
miltiradiene anabolism
miltiradiene formation

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of miltiradiene. [GOC:TermGenie, pmid:22027823]


miltiradiene breakdown
miltiradiene catabolism
miltiradiene degradation

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of miltiradiene. [GOC:TermGenie, pmid:22027823]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving miltiradiene. [GOC:TermGenie, pmid:22027823]


(+)-epi-alpha-bisabolol biosynthesis
(+)-epi-alpha-bisabolol formation
(+)-epi-alpha-bisabolol synthesis
(+)-epi-alpha-bisabolol anabolism

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (+)-epi-alpha-bisabolol. [GOC:TermGenie, pmid:22867794]


(+)-epi-alpha-bisabolol degradation
(+)-epi-alpha-bisabolol catabolism
(+)-epi-alpha-bisabolol breakdown

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of (+)-epi-alpha-bisabolol. [GOC:TermGenie, pmid:22867794]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving (+)-epi-alpha-bisabolol. [GOC:TermGenie, pmid:22867794]


(-)-exo-alpha-bergamotene biosynthesis
(-)-exo-alpha-bergamotene formation
(-)-exo-alpha-bergamotene synthesis
(-)-exo-alpha-bergamotene anabolism

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (-)-exo-alpha-bergamotene. [GOC:TermGenie, pmid:22867794]


(-)-exo-alpha-bergamotene catabolism
(-)-exo-alpha-bergamotene degradation
(-)-exo-alpha-bergamotene breakdown

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of (-)-exo-alpha-bergamotene. [GOC:TermGenie, pmid:22867794]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving (-)-exo-alpha-bergamotene. [GOC:TermGenie, pmid:22867794]


beta-caryophyllene formation
beta-caryophyllene biosynthesis
beta-caryophyllene synthesis
beta-caryophyllene anabolism

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of beta-caryophyllene. [GOC:TermGenie, pmid:22867794]


beta-caryophyllene degradation
beta-caryophyllene breakdown
beta-caryophyllene catabolism

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of beta-caryophyllene. [GOC:TermGenie, pmid:22867794]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving beta-caryophyllene. [GOC:TermGenie, pmid:22867794]


bicyclogermacrene formation
bicyclogermacrene anabolism
bicyclogermacrene synthesis
bicyclogermacrene biosynthesis

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of bicyclogermacrene. [GOC:TermGenie, pmid:22867794]


bicyclogermacrene breakdown
bicyclogermacrene catabolism
bicyclogermacrene degradation

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of bicyclogermacrene. [GOC:TermGenie, pmid:22867794]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving bicyclogermacrene. [GOC:TermGenie, pmid:22867794]


alpha-copaene formation
alpha-copaene biosynthesis
alpha-copaene anabolism
alpha-copaene synthesis

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of alpha-copaene. [GOC:TermGenie, pmid:22867794]


alpha-copaene degradation
alpha-copaene catabolism
alpha-copaene breakdown

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of alpha-copaene. [GOC:TermGenie, pmid:22867794]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving alpha-copaene. [GOC:TermGenie, pmid:22867794]


cadinene synthesis
cadinene anabolism
cadinene biosynthesis
cadinene formation

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cadinene. [GOC:TermGenie, pmid:22867794]


cadinene catabolism
cadinene breakdown
cadinene degradation

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cadinene. [GOC:TermGenie, pmid:22867794]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving cadinene. [GOC:TermGenie, pmid:22867794]