Binding to a CAP-Gly domain of a protein. The CAP_Gly domain is a conserved, glycine-rich domain of about 42 residues found in some cytoskeleton-associated proteins, and features a novel protein fold containing three beta-sheets. [GOC:mah, InterPro:IPR000938]


K11-linked polyubiquitin modification-dependent protein binding

Binding to a protein upon poly-ubiquitination formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 11 in the target protein. [GOC:sp, PMID:18775313]


K6-linked polyubiquitin modification-dependent protein binding

Binding to a protein upon poly-ubiquitination formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 6 in the target protein. [GOC:sp, PMID:17525341, PMID:20351172]


A ubiquitin ligase complex that catalyzes linear head-to-tail polyubiquitin conjugation on its targets. In human the complex consists of RBCK1, RNF31 and SHARPIN, and has an MW of approximately 600 kDa, suggesting a heteromultimeric assembly of its subunits. LUBAC stands for Linear Ubiquitin Chain Assembly Complex. [GOC:sp, PMID:17006537, PMID:19136968, PMID:21455180]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a prostagladin D stimulus. [GOC:sl]


cellular response to prostaglandin D stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a prostagladin D stimulus. [GOC:sl]


The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a podosome, an actin-rich adhesion structure characterized by formation upon cell substrate contact and localization at the substrate-attached part of the cell. [GOC:mah, GOC:sl]


Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of podosome assembly. [GOC:mah, GOC:sl]


down regulation of podosome assembly
downregulation of podosome assembly
down-regulation of podosome assembly

negative regulation of podosome assembly

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of podosome assembly. [GOC:mah, GOC:sl]


up regulation of podosome assembly
up-regulation of podosome assembly
upregulation of podosome assembly

positive regulation of podosome assembly

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of podosome assembly. [GOC:mah, GOC:sl]


A process in which a potassium ion is transported from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:mah]


replication fork arrest involved in DNA replication termination

A replication fork arrest process that contributes to the termination of DNA replication. [GOC:mah, PMID:17347517, PMID:20797631]


An axoneme part that is found in the flagella of mammalian sperm and is located in the middle piece between the outer dense fibers (on the concave side of outer dense fibers as seen in cross-section). [GOC:mah, GOC:sl, PMID:20108326]


regulation of fever generation by regulation of prostaglandin biosynthesis

Any process that modulates the rate or extent of fever generation via regulation of the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of prostaglandin. [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:mah]


regulation of fever generation by regulation of prostaglandin secretion

Any process that modulates the rate or extent of fever generation via regulation of the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a prostaglandin from a cell. [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:mah]


positive regulation of fever generation by positive regulation of prostaglandin biosynthesis

Any process that increases the rate or extent of fever generation via positive regulation of the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of prostaglandin. [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:mah]


positive regulation of fever generation by positive regulation of prostaglandin secretion

Any process that increases the rate or extent of fever generation via positive regulation of the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a prostaglandin from a cell. [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:mah]


Binding to a lipoprotein particle. A lipoprotein particle, also known as a lipoprotein, is a clathrate complex consisting of a lipid enwrapped in a protein host without covalent binding in such a way that the complex has a hydrophilic outer surface consisting of all the protein and the polar ends of any phospholipids. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


Binding to a protein-lipid complex, any macromolecular complex that contains both protein and lipid molecules. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


intermediate-density lipoprotein particle binding

Binding to a intermediate-density lipoprotein particle, a triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle that typically contains APOB100, APOE and APOCs and has a density of 1.006-1.019 g/ml and a diameter of between 25-30 nm. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


type II transmembrane protein insertion into ER membrane

protein insertion of tail-anchored membrane proteins into ER membrane

tail-anchored membrane protein insertion into endoplasmic reticulum membrane

tail-anchored membrane protein insertion into ER membrane

A process of protein insertion into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane in which a tail-anchored (TA) transmembrane protein is incorporated into an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. TA transmembrane protein, also named type II transmembrane proteins, contain a single C- terminal transmembrane region. [GOC:mah, GOC:sp, PMID:20516149, PMID:20676083]


MMXD complex location
MMS19-MIP18-XPD complex location
MMS19-MIP18-XPD complex

A protein complex that contains the proteins MMS19, MIP18 and XPD, localizes to mitotic spindle during mitosis, and is required for proper chromosome segregation. [GOC:sp, PMID:20797633]


Bag6 complex location
Bag6 complex
BAT3 complex location
BAG6-UBL4A-TRC35 complex location
BAG6-UBL4A-TRC35 complex

A protein complex found in mammals that transfers tail-anchored (TA) proteins from SGTA to GET3 (ASNA1/TRC4) for targeting to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Also chaperones polypeptides from the endoplasmic reticulum retrotranslocation machinery to the proteasome, maintaining the solubility of substrates to improve ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD). Consists of BAG6 (BAT3) and its cofactors GET4 (TRC35) and UBL4A. [GOC:bm, PMID:20676083, PMID:21636303]


deubiquitinating module
deubiquitination module
DUBm complex location

A protein complex that forms part of SAGA-type complexes SAGA and SLIK, and mediates deubiquitination of histone H2B. In S. cerevisiae, the DUBm consists of the proteins Ubp8p, Sgf11p, Sus1p, and Sgf73p. [PMID:19226466, PMID:20395473]


Binding to an N-box, a DNA motif with the consensus sequence CACNAG that is found in the promoters of genes expressed preferentially at synapses. [GOC:yaf, PMID:11498047]


A protein complex contains the proteins FANCM and MHF, or their orthologs, plays an essential role in DNA remodeling, protects replication forks, and is conserved in eukaryotes. [GOC:mah, GOC:vw, PMID:20347428]


protein-containing complex subunit organization

Any process in which macromolecules aggregate, disaggregate, or are modified, resulting in the formation, disassembly, or alteration of a protein complex. [GOC:mah]


protein-carbohydrate complex subunit organisation

protein-carbohydrate complex subunit organization

Any process in which macromolecules aggregate, disaggregate, or are modified, resulting in the formation, disassembly, or alteration of a protein-carbohydrate complex. [GOC:mah]


DNA-protein complex subunit organization

protein-DNA complex subunit organisation

protein-DNA complex subunit organization

Any process in which macromolecules aggregate, disaggregate, or are modified, resulting in the formation, disassembly, or alteration of a protein-DNA complex. [GOC:mah]


protein-lipid complex subunit organisation

protein-lipid complex subunit organization

Any process in which macromolecules aggregate, disaggregate, or are modified, resulting in the formation, disassembly, or alteration of a protein-lipid complex. [GOC:mah]


RNA-protein complex subunit organization

ribonucleoprotein complex subunit organisation

protein-RNA complex subunit organization

ribonucleoprotein complex subunit organization

Any process in which macromolecules aggregate, disaggregate, or are modified, resulting in the formation, disassembly, or alteration of a ribonucleoprotein complex. [GOC:mah]


plasma lipoprotein particle organisation

plasma lipoprotein particle organization

A protein-lipid complex subunit organization process that results in the formation, disassembly, or alteration of a plasma lipoprotein particle. A plasma lipoprotein particle is a spherical particle with a hydrophobic core of triglycerides and/or cholesterol esters, surrounded by an amphipathic monolayer of phospholipids, cholesterol and apolipoproteins. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


The process in which chylomicron remnant-associated apolipoprotein E is internalized by endocytosis, localized to recycling endosomes and then secreted in association with a high-density lipoprotein particle. [GOC:BHF, PMID:16373604]


The disaggregation of a plasma lipoprotein particle into its constituent components. [GOC:mah]


triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle clearance

The process in which a triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle is removed from the blood via receptor-mediated endocytosis and its constituent parts degraded. [GOC:BHF]


intermediate-density lipoprotein particle clearance

The process in which a intermediate-density lipoprotein particle is removed from the blood via receptor-mediated endocytosis and its constituent parts degraded. [GOC:BHF]


mating-type pheromone secretion involved in conjugation

mating pheromone secretion involved in regulation of conjugation with cellular fusion

The regulated release of a mating pheromone, a peptide hormone that induces a behavioral or physiological response(s) from a responding organism or cell, that regulates the union or introduction of genetic information from compatible mating types that results in a genetically different individual. Conjugation requires direct cellular contact between the organisms. [GOC:elh, GOC:jh, GOC:mah]


The controlled release of a nectar by a cell or a tissue. Nectar is a fluid secreted by many angiosperms to promote pollination by providing a reward to pollinators. Nectar may also deter certain organisms from visiting or play other biological roles. Nectar is a complex solution that may include the following types of compounds: sugars, amino acids, organic acids, alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, vitamins, phenolics, metal ions, oils, free fatty acids, and proteins. [GOC:kad, PMID:19861655]


Binding to an HMG box domain, a protein domain that consists of three helices in an irregular array. HMG-box domains are found in one or more copies in HMG-box proteins, which form a large, diverse family involved in the regulation of DNA-dependent processes such as transcription, replication, and strand repair, all of which require the bending and unwinding of chromatin. [GOC:yaf, InterPro:IPR009071, PMID:18445004]


The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population in the bone marrow. [GOC:mah, GOC:yaf, PMID:17063141]


programmed cell death, bone marrow cells

bone marrow cell programmed cell death by apoptosis

programmed cell death of bone marrow cells by apoptosis

The apoptotic process in cells in the bone marrow. [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, PMID:17063141]


cellular component organization or biogenesis at cellular level

cellular component organisation or biogenesis at cellular level

A process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component. [GOC:mah]


An actin filament severing process that results in the removal of actin filament branches specifically at the branch points. [GOC:jh, GOC:mah, PMID:20362448]


tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 11-mediated signaling pathway

receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand signaling pathway

TNF-related activation-induced cytokine-mediated signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 11 (TNFSF11) to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. [GOC:BHF, GOC:signaling, PMID:18606301]


positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade via RANKL-mediated signaling

positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade via TNFSF11-mediated signalling

positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade via TNFSF11-mediated signaling

Any TNFSF11-mediated signaling process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the ERK1 and ERK2 cascade. [GOC:BHF, PMID:18606301]


fungal-type cell wall organisation or biogenesis

fungal-type cell wall organization or biogenesis

A process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a fungal-type cell wall. [GOC:mah]


A cellular process that results in the breakdown of a fungal-type cell wall. [GOC:mah]


cell wall macromolecule catabolic process involved in fungal-type cell wall disassembly

The chemical reactions and pathways that result in the breakdown of macromolecules that form part of a cell wall, and contributes to the breakdown of the fungal-type cell wall. [GOC:mah]


Binding to a neuropeptide receptor. [GOC:kmv, GOC:mah]


Binding to a beta-endorphin receptor. [GOC:kmv, GOC:mah]


Binding to a corazonin receptor. [GOC:kmv, GOC:mah]


Binding to a neuropeptide F receptor. [GOC:kmv, GOC:mah]


Binding to a proctolin receptor. [GOC:kmv, GOC:mah]


Binding to a tachykinin receptor. [GOC:kmv, GOC:mah]


protein phosphatase type 1 activator activity


regulation of bone marrow cell proliferation

regulation of cell proliferation in bone marrow

A process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation in the bone marrow. [GOC:mah, GOC:yaf, PMID:17063141]


up-regulation of cell proliferation in bone marrow

upregulation of cell proliferation in bone marrow

up regulation of cell proliferation in bone marrow

positive regulation of bone marrow cell proliferation

positive regulation of cell proliferation in bone marrow

A process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation in the bone marrow. [GOC:mah, GOC:yaf, PMID:17063141]


stimulation of cell proliferation in bone marrow

activation of cell proliferation in bone marrow


regulation of apoptotic process in bone marrow cell

Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of cell death by apoptotic process in the bone marrow. [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:yaf, PMID:17063141]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a monoamine stimulus. A monoamine is any of a group of molecular messengers that contain one amino group that is connected to an aromatic ring by ethylene group (-CH2-CH2-). Monoamines are derived from the aromatic amino acids phenylalanine, tyrosine, histidine and tryptophan. [GOC:mah]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a monoamine stimulus. A monoamine is any of a group of molecular messengers that contain one amino group that is connected to an aromatic ring by ethylene group (-CH2-CH2-). Monoamines are derived from the aromatic amino acids phenylalanine, tyrosine, histidine and tryptophan. [GOC:mah]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a catecholamine stimulus. A catecholamine is any of a group of biogenic amines that includes 4-(2-aminoethyl)pyrocatechol [4-(2-aminoethyl)benzene-1,2-diol] and derivatives formed by substitution. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


cellular response to catecholamine stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a catecholamine stimulus. A catecholamine is any of a group of biogenic amines that includes 4-(2-aminoethyl)pyrocatechol [4-(2-aminoethyl)benzene-1,2-diol] and derivatives formed by substitution. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


response to epinephrine stimulus
response to adrenaline stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an epinephrine stimulus. Epinephrine is a catecholamine that has the formula C9H13NO3; it is secreted by the adrenal medulla to act as a hormone, and released by certain neurons to act as a neurotransmitter active in the central nervous system. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


cellular response to adrenaline stimulus

cellular response to epinephrine stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an epinephrine stimulus. Epinephrine is a catecholamine that has the formula C9H13NO3; it is secreted by the adrenal medulla to act as a hormone, and released by certain neurons to act as a neurotransmitter active in the central nervous system. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


response to noradrenaline stimulus
response to norepinephrine stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a norepinephrine stimulus. Norepinephrine is a catecholamine that has the formula C8H11NO3; it acts as a hormone, and as a neurotransmitter in most of the sympathetic nervous system. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


cellular response to noradrenaline stimulus

cellular response to norepinephrine stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a norepinephrine stimulus. Norepinephrine is a catecholamine that has the formula C8H11NO3; it acts as a hormone, and as a neurotransmitter in most of the sympathetic nervous system. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


adrenergic receptor signalling pathway
adrenoceptor signaling pathway

A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by a ligand binding to an adrenergic receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process. [GOC:BHF]


regulation of adenylate cyclase-inhibiting adrenergic receptor signaling pathway

regulation of adrenergic receptor signalling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of an adenylate cyclase-inhibiting adrenergic receptor signaling pathway activity. An adrenergic receptor signaling pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an adrenergic receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]

regulation of adrenergic receptor signaling pathway


negative regulation of adrenergic receptor signalling pathway

negative regulation of adrenergic receptor signaling pathway

negative regulation of adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of an adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor protein signaling pathway activity. An adrenergic receptor signaling pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an adrenergic receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


positive regulation of adrenergic receptor signalling pathway

positive regulation of adrenergic receptor signaling pathway

positive regulation of adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor protein signaling pathway. An adrenergic receptor signaling pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an adrenergic receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


adrenergic receptor, adenylyl cyclase activating pathway

activation of adenylate cyclase activity by adrenergic receptor signaling pathway

activation of adenylate cyclase activity by adrenergic receptor signalling pathway

adrenergic receptor, adenylate cyclase activating pathway

adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway

An adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by a ligand binding to an adrenergic receptor on the surface of the target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, GOC:signaling]


adrenergic receptor, adenylate cyclase inhibiting pathway

adrenergic receptor, adenylyl cyclase inhibiting pathway

adenylate cyclase-inhibiting adrenergic receptor signaling pathway

An adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by a ligand binding to an adrenergic receptor, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, GOC:signaling]


adrenergic receptor, phospholipase C activating pathway

activation of phospholipase C activity by adrenergic receptor signalling pathway

activation of phospholipase C activity by adrenergic receptor signaling pathway

phospholipase C-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway

A phospholipase C-activating receptor G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by ligand binding to an adrenergic receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, GOC:signaling]


activation of MAPK activity by adrenergic receptor signaling pathway

activation of MAP kinase activity by adrenergic receptor signaling pathway

activation of MAPK activity by adrenergic receptor signalling pathway

activation of MAP kinase activity by adrenergic receptor signalling pathway

MAPK-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an adrenergic receptor binding to its physiological ligand and leading to the activation of a MAP kinase cascade. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


N-terminal protein N-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet) to the alpha-amino group of the N-terminal amino or imino acid residue of a protein substrate. For example, yeast Tae1p and mammalian family member METTL11A preferentially modify the N-terminal residue of substrates with the N-terminal sequence X-Pro-Lys, where X can be Pro, Ala, or Ser. [PMID:20481588]


Binding to the amine 1-(4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)propan-2-amine, a serotonin receptor agonist that can act as a psychedelic drug. [GOC:yaf, PMID:19057895]


Any apoptotic process in a macrophage, a mononuclear phagocyte present in a variety of tissues. [CL:0000235, GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_apoptosis]


Binding to a 14-3-3 protein. A 14-3-3 protein is any of a large family of approximately 30kDa acidic proteins which exist primarily as homo- and heterodimers within all eukaryotic cells, and have been implicated in the modulation of distinct biological processes by binding to specific phosphorylated sites on diverse target proteins, thereby forcing conformational changes or influencing interactions between their targets and other molecules. Each 14-3-3 protein sequence can be roughly divided into three sections: a divergent amino terminus, the conserved core region and a divergent carboxy-terminus. The conserved middle core region of the 14-3-3s encodes an amphipathic groove that forms the main functional domain, a cradle for interacting with client proteins. [GOC:cna, GOC:mah, PMID:15167810, PMID:19575580]


CHO3- ion binding binding
hydrogencarbonate binding

Binding to bicarbonate ions (CHO3-). [GOC:curators]


N-terminal peptidyl-proline dimethylation involved in translation

An N-terminal peptidyl-proline dimethylation process that contributes to translation. [GOC:mah]


blood coagulation, thrombocyte activation

A cell activation process that occurs in thrombocytes and consists of a series of progressive, overlapping events including shape change, adhesiveness, and aggregation, which, when carried through to completion, lead to the formation of a stable hemostatic plug. Thrombocytes are nucleated cells found in non-mammalian vertebrates and are involved in hemostasis. They are the functional equivalent of the non-nucleated platelets found in mammals. [GOC:lb, GOC:mah, PMID:10606877, PMID:15634265, PMID:20180901]


BMP signalling pathway involved in nephric duct formation

BMP signaling pathway involved in nephric duct formation

The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a member of the BMP (bone morphogenetic protein) family to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, which contributes to nephric duct formation. [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


histone H2B conserved C-terminal lysine ubiquitination

A histone ubiquitination process in which a ubiquitin monomer is added to a conserved lysine residue in the C-terminus of histone H2B. The conserved lysine residue is K119 in fission yeast, K123 in budding yeast, or K120 in mammals. [GOC:mah, GOC:vw]


The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell of neural crest origin acquires the specialized features of an odontoblast, a cell on the outer surface of the dental pulp whose biological function is the creation of dentin. [GOC:sl, PMID:20425127]


protein localisation in cell-cell adherens junction

protein localisation to adherens junction

protein localization to cell-cell adherens junction

protein localisation to cell-cell adherens junction

protein localization in adherens junction

protein localisation in adherens junction

protein localization in cell-cell adherens junction

protein localization to adherens junction

Any process in which a protein is transported to, and/or maintained at the adherens junction. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, PMID:26412237]


regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of protein serine/threonine kinase activity. [GOC:mah]


negative regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of protein serine/threonine kinase activity. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


positive regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of protein serine/threonine kinase activity. [GOC:mah]


protein amino acid N-linked N-acetylglucosaminylation via asparagine

protein N-linked N-acetylglucosaminylation via asparagine

A process of protein N-linked glycosylation via asparagine in which N-acetylglucosamine is added to the N4 of asparagine, forming an (S)-2-amino-4-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)amino-4-oxobutanoic acid residue. [GOC:pr, RESID:AA0151]


protein amino acid N-linked N-acetylgalactosaminylation via asparagine

protein N-linked N-acetylgalactosaminylation via asparagine

A process of protein N-linked glycosylation via asparagine in which N-acetylgalactosamine is added to the N4 of asparagine, forming an (S)-2-amino-4-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-galactopyranosyl)amino-4-oxobutanoic acid residue. [GOC:pr, RESID:AA0420]


protein amino acid N-linked glucosylation via asparagine

protein N-linked glucosylation via asparagine

A process of protein N-linked glycosylation via asparagine in which glucose is added to the N4 of asparagine, forming an (S)-2-amino-4-(D-glucopyranosyl)amino-4-oxobutanoic acid residue. [GOC:pr, RESID:AA0421]


context dependent regulatory domain binding

Binding to a CRD (context dependent regulatory) domain, a domain of about 130 residues that is the most divergent region among the LEF/TCF proteins. [GOC:yaf, PMID:19460168]


determination of gut left/right asymmetry

determination of left/right asymmetry of the digestive tract

determination of digestive tract left/right asymmetry

Determination of the asymmetric location of various parts of the digestive tract with respect to the left and right halves of the organism. The digestive tract is the anatomical structure through which food passes and is processed. [GOC:cvs]


determination of intestine left/right asymmetry

Determination of the asymmetric location of the intestine loops with respect to the left and right halves of the organism. [GOC:cvs]


determination of stomach left/right asymmetry

Determination of the asymmetric location of the stomach with respect to the left and right halves of the organism. [GOC:cvs]


determination of liver left/right asymmetry

Determination of the asymmetric location of the liver with respect to the left and right halves of the organism. [GOC:cvs]


Release of neurotransmitter at the synapse that lasts for just a few milliseconds after action potential invasion. [GOC:dsf, PMID:19477156, PMID:20643933]


Release of neurotransmitter at the synapse that persists for tens to hundreds of milliseconds after action potential invasion. [GOC:dsf, PMID:19477156, PMID:20643933]


citrate secondary active transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of citrate from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Secondary active transporters include symporters and antiporters. [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_transport, GOC:vw]


prominin-containing extracellular membrane vesicle

An extracellular membrane-bounded vesicle that contains prominin proteins (in mouse Prom1/CD33 or Prom2) and are found in body fluids including ventricular fluid, saliva, urine and seminal fluid. In the ventricular fluid of the developing mouse brain two major classes of these particles have been observed (P2 particles of 500-1000 nm and P4 particles of 50-80 nm) which likely originate from microvilli, primary cilia and/or the midbody of neuroepithelial cells. The physiological role is not known. [GOC:vesicles, PMID:15976444, PMID:17109118, PMID:17283184]


The addition of lysine group to a lysine residue in a protein, producing N6-(lysyl)-L-lysine. This modification is observed in, and is probably unique to, translation elongation factor P (EF-P). [GOC:imk, GOC:jsg, PMID:20729861]


dipeptide transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a dipeptide from one side of a membrane to the other. A dipeptide is a combination of two amino acids linked together by a peptide (-CO-NH-) bond. [GOC:mah]


The process in which urea, the water-soluble compound H2N-CO-NH2, is transported from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:mah]


G quartet DNA formation
G-quartet DNA formation
G quadruplex DNA formation

A DNA metabolic process that results in the formation of G-quadruplex DNA structures, in which groups of four guanines adopt a flat, cyclic Hoogsteen hydrogen-bonding arrangement known as a guanine tetrad or G-quartet. The stacking of several layers of G-quartets forms G-quadruplexes, in which one or more DNA single strands are assembled in parallel and/or antiparallel, with interactions that can be either intra- or intermolecular in nature. [GOC:sre, PMID:20098422]


A nuclear body that contains proteins involved in pre-mRNA 3'-end cleavage and polyadenylation, such as DDX1, CSTF2 and CPSFs, as well as the transcription factors TFIIE and TFIIF. Cleavage bodies are localized adjacent to Cajal bodies and are involved in mRNA3'-end processing. [PMID:10564273, PMID:11598190, PMID:8654386]


cohesin localisation to chromatin
cohesin localization to chromatin
cohesin association with chromatin

The protein localization to chromatin by which a cohesin ring complex is topologically linked to DNA. [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:vw, PMID:10882066, PMID:17113138, PMID:26687354]


regulation of cohesin association with chromatin

regulation of cohesin localisation to chromatin

regulation of cohesin localization to chromatin

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process in which a cohesin complex is transported to, or maintained at, a part of a chromosome that is organized into chromatin. [GOC:lb, GOC:mah, PMID:17113138]


negative regulation of cohesin association with chromatin

negative regulation of cohesin localization to chromatin

negative regulation of cohesin localisation to chromatin

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a process in which a cohesin complex is transported to, or maintained at, a part of a chromosome that is organized into chromatin. [GOC:lb, GOC:mah, PMID:17113138]


CCL-22 production
CCL22 production
C-C motif chemokine 22 production

chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 22 production

The appearance of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 22 (CCL22) due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. [GOC:mah, PMID:18832724]


The appearance of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. [GOC:mah, PMID:17129180]


The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an endocannabinoid binding to a cell surface receptor. The pathway proceeds with the receptor transmitting the signal to a heterotrimeric G-protein complex and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. Endocannabinoids are small molecules derived from arachidonic acid, anandamide (arachidonoylethanolamide) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol. [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, PMID:15550444]


The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of octopamine binding to a cell surface receptor. [GOC:mah, PMID:15355245]


The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of tyramine binding to a cell surface receptor. [GOC:mah, PMID:15355245]


The addition of an acetyl group to the lysine 40 residue of alpha-tubulin. [GOC:kmv, PMID:17786050]


negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter involved in G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle

negative regulation of transcription involved in G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle

Any process that stop, prevents or decreases transcription as part of the G1/S transition of the mitotic cell cycle. [GOC:mah, GOC:vw]


negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter during G1/S phase of mitotic cell cycle


positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter involved in G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle

positive regulation of transcription involved in G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle

Any process that activates or increases transcription as part of the G1/S transition of the mitotic cell cycle. [GOC:mah, GOC:vw]


positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter during G1/S phase of mitotic cell cycle


Replication fork processing that involves the unwinding of blocked forks to form four-stranded structures resembling Holliday junctions, which are subsequently resolved. [PMID:19406929]


Binding to an Arp2/3 complex, a protein complex that contains two actin-related proteins, Arp2 and Arp3, and five novel proteins (ARPC1-5). [GOC:mah]


vitamin B1 transmembrane transport
thiamine membrane transport
thiamin transmembrane transport

The process in which thiamine is transported across a membrane. Thiamine is vitamin B1, a water soluble vitamin present in fresh vegetables and meats, especially liver. [GOC:mah]


octopamine signalling pathway involved in response to food

octopamine signaling pathway involved in response to food

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of octopamine to a receptor on the surface of the target cell that contributes to a response to a food stimulus. [GOC:mah, PMID:19609300]


coreceptor activity involved in Wnt-activated signaling pathway

coreceptor activity involved in Wnt receptor signalling pathway

coreceptor activity involved in Wnt receptor signaling pathway

coreceptor activity involved in Wnt signaling pathway

In cooperation with a primary Wnt receptor, initiating a change in cell activity through the Wnt signaling pathway. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


The directed movement any form of vitamin A into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Vitamin A is any of several retinoid derivatives of beta-carotene, primarily retinol, retinal, or retinoic acid. [GOC:mah, PMID:16011460, PMID:1924551]


The directed movement of vitamin A from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. Vitamin A is any of several retinoid derivatives of beta-carotene, primarily retinol, retinal, or retinoic acid. [GOC:mah, PMID:16011460, PMID:1924551]


A nitrogen compound metabolic process that contributes to the nitrogen cycle. The nitrogen cycle is a series of metabolic pathways by which nitrogen is converted between various forms and redox states; it encompasses pathways in which nitrogen is acted upon directly, such as nitrification, denitrification, nitrogen fixation, and mineralization. [GOC:mah, PMID:16675690, Wikipedia:Nitrogen_cycle]


A nucleotide-excision repair complex that is involved in damage sensing during global genome nucleotide excision repair (GG-NER). It is part of the pre-incision (or initial recognition) complex bound to sites of DNA damage. In human, it is composed of XPC, RAD23B and CETN2. [PMID:11279143, PMID:15964821, PMID:19941824]


A transcription factor complex that consists of a heterodimer of the bHLH-ZIP proteins Myc and Max. [GOC:cna, PMID:16620027, PMID:16620031, PMID:20170194]


regulation of flagellar cell motility by regulation of motor speed


A DNA replication termination process that is initiated by protein binding to a binding site on the same chromosome, but remote from the termination site, via DNA looping or chromosome kissing. [GOC:vw, PMID:20850009]


protein deubiquitination involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process

The removal of one or more ubiquitin groups from a protein as part of a process of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolism. [GOC:mah]


oxidized flavin adenine dinucleotide binding

oxidized flavine-adenine dinucleotide binding

Binding to the oxidized form, FAD, of flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes. [GOC:mah]


reduced flavine-adenine dinucleotide binding

reduced flavin adenine dinucleotide binding

Binding to the reduced form, FADH2, of flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes. [GOC:mah]


conversion of methionyl-tRNA to N-formyl-methionyl-tRNA

The modification process that results in the conversion of methionine charged on a tRNA(fMet) to N-formyl-methionine-tRNA(fMet). [GOC:jsg, PMID:5337045]


conversion of O-phosphoseryl-tRNA to cysteinyl-tRNA

The modification process that results in the conversion of O-phosphoserine charged on a tRNA(Cys) to cysteinyl-tRNA. [GOC:jsg, PMID:17351629, PMID:18559341]


C-C motif chemokine 11 production
CCL-11 production
CCL11 production
eotaxin-1 production

chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 11 production

The appearance of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 11 (CCL11, also known as eotaxin-1) due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. [GOC:mah, PMID:9600955]


The directed movement of substances from recycling endosomes to the Golgi. [GOC:lb]


The spindle pole body that exists in a cell prior to spindle pole body duplication. An old spindle pole body segregates to the daughter cell upon mitosis, and lacks active proteins involved in signaling exit from mitosis. [GOC:mah, GOC:vw, PMID:15132994]


The spindle pole body that is formed by spindle pole body duplication, and to which proteins involved in mitotic exit signaling (for example, the septation initiation network in fission yeast) localize. [GOC:mah, GOC:vw, PMID:15132994]


maintenance of mitotic sister chromatin cohesion along arms

maintenance of sister chromatin cohesion along arms at mitosis

maintenance of mitotic sister chromatid cohesion, arms

The process in which the association between sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome along the length of the chromosome arms, is maintained as chromosomes condense, attach to the spindle in a bipolar orientation, and congress to the metaphase plate during a mitotic cell cycle. [GOC:mah, PMID:1708436]


maintenance of sister chromatin cohesion at centromere at mitosis

maintenance of mitotic sister chromatin cohesion at centromere

maintenance of centromeric mitotic sister chromatin cohesion

maintenance of mitotic sister chromatid cohesion, centromeric

The process in which the association between sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome along the length of the centromeric region is maintained as chromosomes condense, attach to the spindle in a bipolar orientation, and congress to the metaphase plate during a mitotic cell cycle. [GOC:mah, PMID:1708436]


mitotic sister chromatid cohesion along arms

sister chromatid cohesion along arms at mitosis

The cell cycle process in which the sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome are joined along the length of the chromosome arms during mitosis. [GOC:mah]


centromeric mitotic sister chromatin cohesion

mitotic sister chromatid cohesion at centromere

sister chromatid cohesion at centromere at mitosis

mitotic sister chromatid cohesion, centromeric

The cell cycle process in which centromeres of sister chromatids are joined during mitosis. [GOC:mah]


fungal-type cell wall polysaccharide metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving the polysaccharides which make up the fungal-type cell wall. [GOC:mah]


lipopolysaccharide core heptosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: glucosyl-heptosyl2-KDO2-lipid A-phosphate + ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose = glucosyl-heptosyl3-KDO2-lipid A-phosphate + ADP + H+. [MetaCyc:RXN0-5122]


lipid A-core heptosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: galactosyl-glucosyl3-heptosyl3-KDO2-lipid A-bisphosphate + ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose = lipid A-core + ADP + H+. [MetaCyc:RXN0-5127]


fungal-type cell wall 1,3-beta-glucan metabolism

fungal-type cell wall 1,3-beta-D-glucan metabolic process

fungal-type cell wall beta-1,3 glucan metabolism

fungal-type cell wall beta-1,3 glucan metabolic process

fungal-type cell wall (1->3)-beta-D-glucan metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving (1->3)-beta-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of fungi. [GOC:mah]


fungal-type cell wall 1,3-beta-glucan formation

fungal-type cell wall beta-1,3-glucan biosynthesis

fungal-type cell wall beta-1,3-glucan biosynthetic process

fungal-type cell wall beta-1,3-glucan anabolism

fungal-type cell wall 1,3-beta-glucan biosynthesis

fungal-type cell wall beta-1,3-glucan formation

fungal-type cell wall beta-1,3-glucan synthesis

fungal-type cell wall 1,3-beta-glucan synthesis

fungal-type cell wall 1,3-beta-glucan anabolism

fungal-type cell wall 1,3-beta-D-glucan biosynthetic process

fungal-type cell wall (1->3)-beta-D-glucan biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (1->3)-beta-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in fungal cell walls. [GOC:mah]


extracellular vesicular exosome assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an extracellular vesicular exosome, a membrane-bounded vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Exosomes are defined by their size, which generally ranges from 30 nm to 100 nm. [GOC:mah, GOC:tfm, PMID:19442504, PMID:27462458]


Catalysis of the reaction: 2 a peptidoglycan dimer (tetrapeptide) + 3 H2O = a peptidoglycan tetramer with L,D cross-links (L-Lys-D-Asn-L-Lys) + di-trans,poly-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate + 4 D-alanine. [MetaCyc:RXN-11349]


bacterial-type flagellar cell motility
flagellin-based flagellar cell motility

bacterial-type flagellum-dependent cell motility

Cell motility due to the motion of one or more bacterial-type flagella. A bacterial-type flagellum is a motor complex composed of an extracellular helical protein filament coupled to a rotary motor embedded in the cell envelope. [GOC:cilia, GOC:krc, GOC:mah]


Cell motility that results in the smooth movement of a cell through a liquid medium. [PMID:18461074]


Cell motility that results in the smooth movement of a cell along a solid surface. [PMID:18461074]


bacterial-type flagellar swimming motility

bacterial-type flagellum-mediated cell swimming

bacterial-type flagellum-dependent swimming motility

Bacterial-type flagellum-dependent cell motility that results in the smooth movement of a cell through a liquid medium. [GOC:cilia, PMID:18461074]


bacterial-type flagellum-mediated cell swarming

bacterial-type flagellar swarming motility

bacterial-type flagellum-dependent swarming motility

Bacterial-type flagellum-dependent cell motility in which the action of numerous flagella results in the smooth movement of a group of cells along a solid surface. Swarming motility is observed in groups of bacteria. [GOC:cilia, PMID:14527279, PMID:18461074]


Cell motility in which contractile cytoskeletal elements alter cell shape, resulting in the smooth movement of a cell through a liquid medium. [PMID:18461074]


cell surface adhesin-mediated gliding motility

Cell gliding that results from the actions of cell surface adhesin proteins that are propelled by membrane motor proteins. [PMID:18461074]


The dormancy process that results in exit from diapause. Diapause is a neurohormonally mediated, dynamic state of low metabolic activity. Associated characteristics of this form of dormancy include reduced morphogenesis, increased resistance to environmental extremes, and altered or reduced behavioral activity. Full expression develops in a species-specific manner, usually in response to a number of environmental stimuli that precede unfavorable conditions. Once diapause has begun, metabolic activity is suppressed even if conditions favorable for development prevail. Once initiated, only certain stimuli are capable of releasing the organism from this state, and this characteristic is essential in distinguishing diapause from hibernation. [GOC:mah]


The dormancy process that results an organism remaining in diapause. Diapause is a neurohormonally mediated, dynamic state of low metabolic activity. Associated characteristics of this form of dormancy include reduced morphogenesis, increased resistance to environmental extremes, and altered or reduced behavioral activity. Full expression develops in a species-specific manner, usually in response to a number of environmental stimuli that precede unfavorable conditions. Once diapause has begun, metabolic activity is suppressed even if conditions favorable for development prevail. Once initiated, only certain stimuli are capable of releasing the organism from this state, and this characteristic is essential in distinguishing diapause from hibernation. [GOC:mah]


The dormancy process that results in exit from reproductive diapause. Reproductive diapause is a form of diapause where the organism itself will remain fully active, including feeding and other routine activities, but the reproductive organs experience a tissue-specific reduction in metabolism, with characteristic triggering and releasing stimuli. [GOC:mah]


The dormancy process that results an organism remaining in reproductive diapause. Reproductive diapause is a form of diapause where the organism itself will remain fully active, including feeding and other routine activities, but the reproductive organs experience a tissue-specific reduction in metabolism, with characteristic triggering and releasing stimuli. [GOC:mah]


A vesicle-mediated transport process in which transmembrane proteins are ubiquitylated to facilitate their entry into luminal vesicles of multivesicular bodies (MVBs); upon subsequent fusion of MVBs with lysosomes or vacuoles, the cargo proteins are degraded. [GOC:mah, PMID:17603537]


A vacuolar membrane-anchored guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) complex for the Rag GTPases (Gtr1-Gtr2 GTPase complex GO:1990131) in TORC1 signalling pathway. In human, Ragulator is comprised of the membrane anchor subunit LAMTOR1 (Meh1p in S. cerevisiae, Lam1 in S. pombe), a GEF subunit LAMTOR2 ( Slm4 in S. cerevisiae , Lam2 in S. pombe ) , LAMTOR3 (no S. cerevisiae ortholog identified, Lam3 in S. pombe) , LAMTOR4 (no S. cerevisiae ortholog identified, Lam4 in S. pombe), and LAMTOR5 (no S. cerevisiae or S. pombe ortholog identified). [GOC:vw, PMID:15989961, PMID:16732272, PMID:19177150, PMID:19748353, PMID:20381137, PMID:22980980, PMID:29199950]


beta-transducin repeat domain binding
WD domain binding

Binding to a WD40 repeat domain of a protein. The WD40 repeat is a short structural motif of approximately 40 amino acids, often terminating in a tryptophan-aspartic acid (W-D) dipeptide. Several of these repeats are combined to form a type of protein domain called the WD domain. [GOC:yaf, InterPro:IPR017986]


protein localisation to spindle pole body

protein localization to spindle pole body

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, the spindle pole body. [GOC:mah]


establishment of protein localisation to spindle pole body

establishment of protein localization to spindle pole body

The directed movement of a protein to a specific location at the spindle pole body. [GOC:mah]


maintenance of protein location in spindle pole body

maintenance of protein location at spindle pole body

maintenance of protein location to spindle pole body

Any process in which a protein is maintained in a specific location at the spindle pole body, and is prevented from moving elsewhere. [GOC:mah, GOC:vw]


The directed movement of a phytochelatin into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Phytochelatins are a group of peptides that bind metals (Cd, Zn, Cu, Pb, Hg) in thiolate coordination complexes. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732]


The process in which a phytochelatin is transported across a membrane. Phytochelatins are a group of peptides that bind metals (Cd, Zn, Cu, Pb, Hg) in thiolate coordination complexes. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732]


The directed movement of phytochelatins into the vacuole. Phytochelatins are a group of peptides that bind metals (Cd, Zn, Cu, Pb, Hg) in thiolate coordination complexes. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732]


glutathione transmembrane import into vacuole

The directed movement of glutathione into the vacuole across the vacuolar membrane. [GOC:mah]


glutathione S-conjugate-transporting ATPase activity


A developmental process that results in the discharge of ascospores from the ascus. Ascospore release may be active or passive. [DOI:10.1016/S0953-7562(96)80057-8, GOC:mah]


extracellular polysaccharide catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of polysaccharides used in extracellular structures. [GOC:mah, GOC:vw]


extracellular polysaccharide catabolism involved in ascospore release from ascus

extracellular polysaccharide degradation involved in ascospore release from ascus

extracellular polysaccharide breakdown involved in ascospore release from ascus

extracellular polysaccharide catabolic process involved in ascospore release from ascus

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of polysaccharides in the ascus wall that contributes to the release of ascospores from the ascus. [GOC:mah, GOC:vw]


Signaling at short range between cells of the ureteric bud terminus and the kidney mesenchyme that positively regulates the formation of the metanephric renal vesicle. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


anterior/posterior pattern specification involved in ureteric bud development

The developmental process that results in the creation of defined areas or spaces within the ureteric bud along the anterior/posterior axis to which cells respond and eventually are instructed to differentiate. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


metanephric juxtamedullary nephron development


metanephric extraglomerular mesangial cell proliferation involved in metanephros development

The multiplication or reproduction of extraglomerular glomerular mesangium cells in the metanephros by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population. Extraglomerular mesangial cells (also known as lacis cells, Goormaghtigh cells) are light-staining cells in the kidney found outside the glomerulus, near the vascular pole and macula densa. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


metanephric glomerular basement membrane development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephric glomerular basement membrane over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephric glomerular basement membrane is the basal laminal portion of the metanephric glomerulus which performs the actual filtration. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


The process in which the anatomical structures of the metanephric glomerulus are generated and organized. The metanephric glomerulus is a capillary tuft surrounded by Bowman's capsule in nephrons of the vertebrate kidney, or metanephros. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


metanephric glomerulus vasculature morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the metanephric glomerulus vasculature are generated and organized. The metanephric glomerulus vasculature is composed of the tubule structures that carry blood or lymph in the metanephric glomerulus. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


metanephric glomerular capillary formation

The process that gives rise to a metanephric glomerular capillary. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


metanephric comma-shaped body morphogenesis

The process in which the metanephric comma-shaped body is generated and organized. The metanephric comma-shaped body is the precursor structure to the metanephric S-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of a nephron in the metanephros. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


convergent extension involved in metanephric nephron morphogenesis

The morphogenetic process in which the renal epithelium narrows along one axis and lengthens in a perpendicular axis that contributes to the shaping of a nephron in the metanephros. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


establishment of planar polarity involved in metanephric nephron morphogenesis

Coordinated organization of groups of cells in the plane of an epithelium that contributes to the shaping of a nephron in the metanephros. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


establishment of planar cell polarity involved in metanephric nephron morphogenesis


mesenchymal stem cell differentiation involved in metanephric nephron morphogenesis

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a mesenchymal stem cell that contributes to the shaping of a nephronin the metanephros. A mesenchymal stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized mesenchymal cells. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


metanephric nephron tubule morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of a metanephric nephron tubule are generated and organized. A metanephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the metanephric nephron, the functional part of the metanephros. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


The process in which the anatomical structures of the metanephric renal vesicle are generated and organized. The renal vesicle is the primordial structure of the metanephric nephron epithelium, and is formed by the condensation of mesenchymal cells. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


The process in which the metanephric S-shaped body is generated and organized. The metanephric S-shaped body is the successor of the metanephric comma-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of a nephron in the metanephros. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in metanephric renal vesicle formation

A transition where a mesenchymal cell establishes apical/basolateral polarity,forms intercellular adhesive junctions, synthesizes basement membrane components and becomes an epithelial cell that will contribute to the shaping of the metanephric renal vesicle. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


metanephric connecting tubule development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephric connecting tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephric connecting tubule is a tubular segment of the metanephric nephron; it connects the distal convoluted tubule to the collecting duct in the metanephros. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


The process in which the anatomical structures of a metanephric distal tubule are generated and organized. The metanephric distal tubule is a metanephric nephron tubule that begins at the macula densa and extends to the metanephric connecting tubule. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


metanephric proximal tubule morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of a metanephric proximal tubule are generated and organized. The metanephric proximal tubule is a metanephric nephron tubule that connects Bowman's capsule to the descending thin limb of the loop of Henle in the metanephros. It has a brush border epithelial morphology. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a metanephric nephron tubule from unspecified parts. A metanephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of a nephron in the metanephros. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


epithelial cell migration involved in metanephric nephron tubule morphogenesis

The orderly movement of epithelial cells within a renal tubule that contributes to metanephric nephron tubule morphogenesis. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


epithelial cell migration involved in metanephric distal tubule morphogenesis

The orderly movement of epithelial cells within a renal tubule that contributes to metanephric distal tubule morphogenesis. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


epithelial cell migration involved in metanephric proximal tubule morphogenesis

The orderly movement of epithelial cells within a renal tubule that contributes to metanephric proximal tubule morphogenesis. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


specification of metanephric nephron tubule identity

The process in which the tubules arranged along the proximal/distal axis of the metanephric nephron acquire their identity. [GOC:bf, GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


specification of metanephric connecting tubule identity

The process in which the connecting tubule of the metanephric nephron acquires its identity. [GOC:bf, GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


specification of metanephric distal tubule identity

The process in which the distal tubule of the metanephric nephron acquires its identity. [GOC:bf, GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


specification of metanephric intermediate tubule identity

specification of metanephric loop of Henle identity

The process in which the loop of Henle of the metanephric nephron acquires its identity. [GOC:bf, GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


specification of metanephric proximal tubule identity

The process in which the proximal tubule of the metanephric nephron acquires its identity. [GOC:bf, GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


regulation of metanephric glomerulus development

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of metanephric glomerulus development, the progression of the metanephric glomerulus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The metanephric glomerulus is a capillary tuft surrounded by Bowman's capsule in nephrons of the vertebrate kidney, or metanephros. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


negative regulation of metanephric glomerulus development

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of metanephric glomerulus development, the progression of the metanephric glomerulus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The metanephric glomerulus is a capillary tuft surrounded by Bowman's capsule in nephrons of the vertebrate kidney, or metanephros. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


positive regulation of metanephric glomerulus development

Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of metanephric glomerulus development, the progression of the metanephric glomerulus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The metanephric glomerulus is a capillary tuft surrounded by Bowman's capsule in nephrons of the vertebrate kidney, or metanephros. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


regulation of metanephric glomerular mesangial cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of metanephric glomerular mesangial cell proliferation. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


negative regulation of metanephric glomerular mesangial cell proliferation

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of metanephric glomerular mesangial cell proliferation. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


positive regulation of glomerular metanephric mesangial cell proliferation

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of metanephric glomerular mesangial cell proliferation. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


regulation of mesenchymal stem cell apoptosis involved in metanephric nephron morphogenesis

regulation of mesenchymal stem cell apoptotic process involved in metanephric nephron morphogenesis

regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in metanephric nephron morphogenesis

Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of mesenchymal stem cell death by apoptotic process that contributes to the shaping of the nephron in the metanephros. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


negative regulation of mesenchymal stem cell apoptosis involved in metanephric nephron morphogenesis

negative regulation of mesenchymal stem cell apoptotic process involved in metanephric nephron morphogenesis

negative regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in metanephric nephron morphogenesis

Any process that reduces the occurrence or rate of mesenchymal stem cell death by apoptotic process that contributes to the shaping of the nephron in the metanephros. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


positive regulation of mesenchymal stem cell apoptotic process involved in metanephric nephron morphogenesis

positive regulation of mesenchymal stem cell apoptosis involved in metanephric nephron morphogenesis

positive regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in metanephric nephron morphogenesis

Any process that increases the occurrence or rate of mesenchymal stem cell death by apoptotic process that contributes to the shaping of the nephron in the metanephros. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


regulation of metanephric nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of metanephric nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


negative regulation of metanephric nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of metanephric nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


mesenchymal stem cell maintenance involved in metanephric nephron morphogenesis

The process in which an organism retains a population of mesenchymal stem cells that contributes to the shaping of a nephron in the metanephros. A mesenchymal stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized mesenchymal cells. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a glomerular epithelial cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Glomerular epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form part of the glomerulus; there are two types, glomerular parietal epithelial cells and glomerular visceral epithelial cells. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


glomerular epithelial cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a glomerular epithelial cell. Glomerular epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form part of the glomerulus; there are two types, glomerular parietal epithelial cells and glomerular visceral epithelial cells. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


metanephric glomerular epithelial cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a metanephric glomerular epithelial cell. Metanephric glomerular epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form part of the metanephric glomerulus; there are two types, metanephric glomerular parietal epithelial cells and metanephric glomerular visceral epithelial cells. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


metanephric glomerular epithelial cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a metanephric glomerular epithelial cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Metanephric glomerular epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form part of the metanephric glomerulus; there are two types, metanephric glomerular parietal epithelial cells and metanephric glomerular visceral epithelial cells. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


glomerular epithelial cell fate commitment

The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a glomerular epithelial cell. Glomerular epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form part of the glomerulus; there are two types, glomerular parietal epithelial cells and glomerular visceral epithelial cells. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


metanephric glomerular epithelial cell fate commitment

The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a metanephric glomerular epithelial cell. Metanephric glomerular epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form part of the metanephric glomerulus; there are two types, metanephric glomerular parietal epithelial cells and metanephric glomerular visceral epithelial cells. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]


alpha-glucan catabolism involved in ascospore release from ascus

alpha-glucan degradation involved in ascospore release from ascus

alpha-glucan breakdown involved in ascospore release from ascus

alpha-glucan catabolic process involved in ascospore release from ascus

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of alpha-glucans in the ascus wall that contributes to the release of ascospores from the ascus. [GOC:mah]


clathrin-coat uncoating
clathrin-coat disassembly
clathrin-coated vesicle uncoating

The disaggregation of a clathrin coat into its constituent components; results in stripping or removing the clathrin coat from clathrin-coated vesicles (CCV) before fusing with their targets. CVVs transport cargo from plasma membrane and trans-Golgi to the endosomal system. [PMID:11084334, PMID:11146663, PMID:8524399]


A protein depolymerization process that results in the disassembly of vesicle coat proteins. [GOC:mah]


volume-sensitive chloride channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a chloride ion by a volume-sensitive channel. A volume-sensitive channel is a channel that responds to changes in the volume of a cell. [GOC:mah]


protein transport across periplasmic space

The directed movement of proteins from the plasma membrane across the periplasmic space to the outer membrane or cell wall. [GOC:mah, PMID:20378773]


Ascus cytoplasm that is not packaged into ascospores. [DOI:10.1016/S0953-7562(96)80057-8, GOC:mcc]


The process in which the cellular identity of nematode vulval cells is acquired and determined. In nematodes, the vulva is formed from ventral epidermal cells during larval stages to give rise to a fully formed adult vulva, which is the egg-laying organ of female and hermaphrodite nematodes. [GOC:kmv, GOC:mah, ISBN:087969307X, PMID:11236714]


The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a nematode vulval cell regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed. In nematodes, the vulva is formed from ventral epidermal cells during larval stages to give rise to a fully formed adult vulva, which is the egg-laying organ of female and hermaphrodite nematodes. [GOC:kmv, GOC:mah, ISBN:087969307X, PMID:11236714]


The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a nematode vulval cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway; upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed. In nematodes, the vulva is formed from ventral epidermal cells during larval stages to give rise to a fully formed adult vulva, which is the egg-laying organ of female and hermaphrodite nematodes. [GOC:kmv, GOC:mah, ISBN:087969307X, PMID:11236714]


Binding to an alkene, any acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbon having one carbon-carbon double bond and the general formula CnH2n. [GOC:mah]


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of monocarboxylic acids, any organic acid containing one carboxyl (-COOH) group. [GOC:mah]


monocarboxylic acid formation
monocarboxylic acid biosynthesis
monocarboxylic acid anabolism
monocarboxylic acid synthesis

monocarboxylic acid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of monocarboxylic acids, any organic acid containing one carboxyl (-COOH) group. [GOC:mah]


signal transduction by p53 class mediator

An intracellular signaling process that is induced by the cell cycle regulator phosphoprotein p53 or an equivalent protein. [GOC:mah]


signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in induction of apoptosis


The process in which UDP-galactose is transported across a membrane. [GOC:mah]


regulation of canonical Wnt receptor signalling pathway involved in neural crest cell differentiation

regulation of canonical Wnt receptor signaling pathway involved in neural crest cell differentiation

regulation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway through beta-catenin involved in neural crest cell differentiation

regulation of canonical Wnt-activated signaling pathway involved in neural crest cell differentiation

regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in neural crest cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin involved in neural crest cell differentiation. The Wnt signaling pathway is the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes. [GOC:dgh]


negative regulation of canonical Wnt receptor signaling pathway involved in neural crest cell differentiation

negative regulation of canonical Wnt receptor signalling pathway involved in neural crest cell differentiation

negative regulation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway through beta-catenin involved in neural crest cell differentiation

negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in neural crest cell differentiation

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin involved in neural crest cell differentiation. The Wnt signaling pathway is the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes. [GOC:dgh]


The directed movement of modified amino acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:mah]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving lactams, any cyclic amides of amino carboxylic acids, having a 1-azacycloalkan-2-one structure, or analogues having unsaturation or heteroatoms replacing one or more carbon atoms of the ring. [GOC:mah]


cellular lactam synthesis
cellular lactam formation
cellular lactam biosynthesis
cellular lactam anabolism

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lactams, any cyclic amides of amino carboxylic acids, having a 1-azacycloalkan-2-one structure, or analogues having unsaturation or heteroatoms replacing one or more carbon atoms of the ring. [GOC:mah]


cellular lactam catabolism
cellular lactam breakdown
cellular lactam degradation

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lactams, any cyclic amides of amino carboxylic acids, having a 1-azacycloalkan-2-one structure, or analogues having unsaturation or heteroatoms replacing one or more carbon atoms of the ring. [GOC:mah]


Binding to a modified amino acid. [GOC:mah]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of anion stress, an increase or decrease in the concentration of negatively charged ions in the environment. [GOC:cvs, PMID:19641131]


The multiplication or reproduction of pancreatic stellate cells, resulting in the expansion of a pancreatic stellate cell population. Pancreatic stellate cells are found in the periacinar space of the exocrine pancreas and in perivascular and periductal regions of the pancreas, and have long cytoplasmic processes that encircle the base of the acinus. [CL:0002410, GOC:mah, PMID:17200706]


A process of translational elongation that takes place when a ribosome has stalled during translation, and results in freeing the ribosome from the stalled translation complex. [GOC:jh2, GOC:mah, PMID:18557701, PMID:19170872, PMID:20117091, PMID:20185543]


NAADP-sensitive calcium-release channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by a channel that opens when nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts. [PMID:19387438, PMID:19557428]


cADPR-sensitive calcium-release channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by a channel that opens when cyclic adenosine diphosphate ribose (cADPR) has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts. [PMID:11752598]


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an anesthetic stimulus. An anesthetic is a substance that causes loss of feeling, awareness, or sensation. [GOC:sart]


The directed movement of compounds that contain sulfur, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:mah]


amino acid derivative transmembrane transporter activity

modified amino acid transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of modified amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:mah]


modified amino acid transporter activity


The chemical reactions and pathways involving dicarboxylic acids, any organic acid containing three carboxyl (COOH) groups or anions (COO-). [GOC:mah]


tricarboxylic acid anabolism
tricarboxylic acid formation
tricarboxylate biosynthesis
tricarboxylate biosynthetic process
tricarboxylic acid biosynthesis
tricarboxylic acid synthesis

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dicarboxylic acids, any organic acid containing three carboxyl (-COOH) groups. [GOC:mah]


tricarboxylate catabolic process
tricarboxylate catabolism
tricarboxylic acid degradation
tricarboxylic acid breakdown
tricarboxylic acid catabolism

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dicarboxylic acids, any organic acid containing three carboxyl (-COOH) groups. [GOC:mah]


histone-threonine kinase activity (H3-T3 specific)

histone threonine kinase activity (H3-T3 specific)

histone kinase activity (H3-T3 specific)

Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group to the threonine-3 residue of the N-terminal tail of histone H3. [GOC:mah]


The modification of histone H3 by the addition of an phosphate group to a threonine residue at position 3 of the histone. [GOC:mah]


chromosome passenger complex localisation to kinetochore

chromosomal passenger complex localization to kinetochore

chromosome passenger complex localization to kinetochore

A cellular protein complex localization that acts on a chromosome passenger complex; as a result, the complex is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location at the kinetochore. A chromosome passenger complex is a protein complex that contains the BIR-domain-containing protein Survivin, Aurora B kinase, INCENP and Borealin, and coordinates various events based on its location to different structures during the course of mitosis. [GOC:mah]


A protein serine/threonine phosphatase complex that contains a catalytic subunit (PPP1CA, PPP1CB or PPP1CC) and the regulatory subunits PPP1R10 (PNUTS), TOX4 and WDR82, and plays a role in the control of chromatin structure and cell cycle progression during the transition from mitosis into interphase. [GOC:mah, PMID:20516061]


The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the circulatory system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The circulatory system is the organ system that passes nutrients (such as amino acids and electrolytes), gases, hormones, blood cells, etc. to and from cells in the body to help fight diseases and help stabilize body temperature and pH to maintain homeostasis. [GOC:mah, UBERON:0001009]


The progression of the vascular cord over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The vascular cord is the primordial vasculature that will develop into blood vessels by the process of tubulogenesis. [GOC:mah, PMID:7084422, ZFA:0005077]


histone H2A phosphorylation at S121
histone H2AS121 phosphorylation

The modification of histone H2A by the addition of an phosphate group to a serine residue at position 121 of the histone. [GOC:mah, PMID:19965387]


histone-serine kinase activity (H2A-S121 specific)

histone serine kinase activity (H2A-S121 specific)

histone kinase activity (H2A-S121 specific)

Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group to the serine-121 residue of the N-terminal tail of histone H2A. [GOC:mah, PMID:19965387]


alpha-carotene epsilon hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-carotene + NADPH + O2 + H+ = alpha-cryptoxanthin + NADP+ + H2O. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:CPD-7421, MetaCyc:CPD1F-118, MetaCyc:RXN-5962]


Catalysis of the reaction: a carotene + NADPH + O2 + H+ = a beta-ring hydroxylcarotene + NADP+ + H2O. Adds a hydroxyl group to the epsilon ring of the alpha-carotene. [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:CPD-7421, MetaCyc:CPD1F-118, MetaCyc:RXN-5962]


The memory process that deals with the storage, retrieval and modification of information received at a time ago that is intermediate between that of short and long term memory (30min - 7hrs in Drosophila melanogaster). [GOC:sart, PMID:14659098, PMID:7923375]


protein activation cascade
protein activitory cascade

A response to a stimulus that consists of a sequential series of modifications to a set of proteins where the product of one reaction acts catalytically in the following reaction. The magnitude of the response is typically amplified at each successive step in the cascade. Modifications typically include proteolysis or covalent modification, and may also include binding events. [GOC:add, GOC:mah, GOC:pde]


A protein activation cascade that contributes to blood coagulation and consists of events leading from the formation of activated factor X to the formation of active thrombin, the cleavage of fibrinogen by thrombin, and the formation of cleaved fibrin into a stable multimeric, cross-linked complex. [GOC:add, GOC:mah, GOC:pde, PMID:1931959]


blood coagulation, fibrin clot formation

A protein activation cascade that contributes to blood coagulation and consists of the cascade of enzymatic reactions initiated by physical damage to the wall of a blood vessel, leading to the formation of a formation of a fibrin clot at the site of the injury. The process also includes numerous positive and negative regulatory events. [GOC:add, GOC:mah, GOC:pde]


endoplasmic reticulum membrane insertion complex location

A protein complex that is involved in the post-translational delivery of tail-anchored (TA) membrane proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum. TA membrane proteins, also called type II transmembrane proteins, contain a single C-terminal transmembrane region. Some ER membrane insertion complex subunits are conserved between different species such as mammals and budding yeast. [GOC:mah, PMID:20676083, PMID:20850366]


TMD recognition complex
TRC complex location
TMD recognition complex location

A protein complex found in yeast that contains GET4, MDY2 (GET5), SGT2, and at least two heat shock proteins, HSP104 and YBR137W. The TRC complex transfers tail-anchored (TA) proteins to GET3 for targeting to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. [GOC:mah, PMID:20850366, PMID:23142665]


positive regulation of canonical Wnt receptor signalling pathway involved in neural crest cell differentiation

positive regulation of canonical Wnt receptor signaling pathway involved in neural crest cell differentiation

positive regulation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway through beta-catenin involved in neural crest cell differentiation

positive regulation of canonical Wnt-activated signaling pathway involved in neural crest cell differentiation

positive regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in neural crest cell differentiation

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin involved in neural crest cell differentiation. The Wnt signaling pathway is the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes. [GOC:mah]


microtubule minus-end-directed vesicle localization

minus-end-directed vesicle transport along microtubule

The directed movement of a vesicle towards the minus end of a microtubule, mediated by motor proteins. This process begins with the attachment of a vesicle to a microtubule, and ends when the vesicle reaches its final destination. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


microtubule minus-end-directed vesicle distribution


microtubule plus-end-directed vesicle localization

plus-end-directed vesicle transport along microtubule

The directed movement of a vesicle towards the plus end of a microtubule, mediated by motor proteins. This process begins with the attachment of a vesicle to a microtubule, and ends when the vesicle reaches its final destination. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


microtubule plus-end-directed vesicle distribution


The directed movement of an organelle along a microtubule, mediated by motor proteins. This process begins with the attachment of an organelle to a microtubule, and ends when the organelle reaches its final destination. [GOC:mah]


microtubule minus-end-directed organelle localization

minus-end-directed organelle transport along microtubule

The directed movement of an organelle towards the minus end of a microtubule, mediated by motor proteins. This process begins with the attachment of an organelle to a microtubule, and ends when the organelle reaches its final destination. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


microtubule minus-end-directed organelle distribution


microtubule plus-end-directed organelle localization

plus-end-directed organelle transport along microtubule

The directed movement of an organelle towards the plus end of a microtubule, mediated by motor proteins. This process begins with the attachment of an organelle to a microtubule, and ends when the organelle reaches its final destination. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


microtubule plus-end-directed organelle distribution


flavin-adenine dinucleotide metabolic process

flavin adenine dinucleotide metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving flavin adenine dinucleotide, which acts as a coenzyme or prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes. [GOC:mah]


flavin adenine dinucleotide biosynthesis

flavin adenine dinucleotide biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of flavin adenine dinucleotide, which acts as a coenzyme or prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes. [GOC:mah]


flavin adenine dinucleotide breakdown
flavin adenine dinucleotide catabolism
flavin adenine dinucleotide degradation
FAD or FADH2 catabolic process

flavin adenine dinucleotide catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of flavin adenine dinucleotide, which acts as a coenzyme or prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes. [GOC:mah]


The chemical reactions and pathways involving phenol, a compound that consists of a benzene ring with one attached hydroxyl group. [GOC:mah]


microtubule anchoring at microtubule organising centre

microtubule anchoring at microtubule organizing center

Any process in which a microtubule is maintained in a specific location in a cell by attachment to a microtubule organizing center. [GOC:BHF, PMID:19825938]


response to signal involved in cell cycle checkpoint

response to cell cycle checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of cell cycle checkpoint signaling. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle]


A signal transduction process that contributes to a cytokinesis checkpoint. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle]

signal transduction involved in cytokinesis checkpoint


response to signal involved in cytokinesis checkpoint

response to cytokinesis checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of cytokinesis checkpoint signaling. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle]


DNA integrity checkpoint effector process

response to signal involved in DNA integrity checkpoint

response to DNA integrity checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of DNA integrity checkpoint signaling. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle]


response to signal involved in G1/S transition checkpoint

G1/S transition checkpoint effector process


response to signal involved in G2/M transition checkpoint

G2/M transition checkpoint effector process


response to signal involved in meiotic cell cycle checkpoint

meiotic cell cycle checkpoint effector process

response to meiotic cell cycle checkpoint signaling

A process that acts directly to delay or stop progression through the cell cycle in response to signals generated as a result of meiotic cell cycle checkpoint signaling; contributes to a meiotic cell cycle checkpoint. [GOC:mah]


response to signal involved in mitotic cell cycle checkpoint

mitotic cell cycle checkpoint effector process

response to mitotic cell cycle checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of mitotic cell cycle checkpoint signaling. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle]


response to signal involved in spindle checkpoint

response to spindle checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of spindle checkpoint signaling. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle]


response to signal involved in DNA damage checkpoint

response to DNA damage checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of DNA damage checkpoint signaling. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle]


G2/M transition DNA damage checkpoint effector process

response to signal involved in G2/M transition DNA damage checkpoint

response to G2 DNA damage checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of G2/M transition DNA damage checkpoint signaling. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle]


response to signal involved in intra-S DNA damage checkpoint

intra-S DNA damage checkpoint effector process

response to intra-S DNA damage checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of intra-S DNA damage checkpoint signaling. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle]


response to signal involved in mitotic cell cycle G1/S transition DNA damage checkpoint

response to mitotic cell cycle G1/S transition DNA damage checkpoint signaling

mitotic cell cycle G1/S transition DNA damage checkpoint effector process

response to G1 DNA damage checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of G1/S transition DNA damage checkpoint signaling. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle]


response to mitotic G2/M transition DNA damage checkpoint signaling

mitotic G2/M transition DNA damage checkpoint effector process

response to signal involved in mitotic G2/M transition DNA damage checkpoint

response to mitotic G2 DNA damage checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of mitotic G2/M transition DNA damage checkpoint signaling. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle]


response to signal involved in DNA replication checkpoint

DNA replication checkpoint effector process

response to DNA replication checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of DNA replication checkpoint signaling. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle]


response to signal involved in meiotic DNA replication checkpoint

meiotic DNA replication checkpoint effector process

response to meiotic DNA replication checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of meiotic DNA replication checkpoint signaling. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle]


response to signal involved in S-M checkpoint

mitotic DNA replication checkpoint effector process

response to signal involved in mitotic DNA replication checkpoint

response to mitotic DNA replication checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of mitotic DNA replication checkpoint signaling. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle]


response to signal involved in mitotic cell cycle G1/S transition size control checkpoint

mitotic cell cycle G1/S transition size control checkpoint effector process

response to G1 cell size control checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of mitotic cell cycle G1/S transition size control checkpoint signaling. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle]


G2/M transition size control checkpoint effector process

response to G2/M transition size control checkpoint signaling

response to mitotic cell cycle G2/M transition size control checkpoint signaling

response to signal involved in G2/M transition size control checkpoint

response to G2 transition size control checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of G2/M transition size control checkpoint signaling. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle]


response to mitotic G2/M transition checkpoint signal

response to signal involved in mitotic G2/M transition checkpoint

mitotic G2/M transition checkpoint effector process


response to signal involved in mitotic G2/M transition decatenation checkpoint

mitotic G2/M transition decatenation checkpoint effector process


response to signal involved in meiotic recombination checkpoint

meiotic recombination checkpoint effector process

response to meiotic recombination checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of meiotic recombination checkpoint signaling. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle]


meiotic spindle assembly checkpoint effector process

response to signal involved in meiotic spindle assembly checkpoint

response to meiotic spindle assembly checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of meiotic spindle assembly checkpoint signaling. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle]


cell size control checkpoint effector process

response to signal involved in cell size control checkpoint

response to mitotic cell cycle cell size control checkpoint signaling

response to cell size control checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of cell size control checkpoint signaling. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle]


response to signal involved in mitotic cell cycle G1/S checkpoint

mitotic cell cycle G1/S checkpoint effector process


response to signal involved in mitotic cell cycle spindle checkpoint

mitotic cell cycle spindle checkpoint effector process

response to mitotic cell cycle spindle checkpoint signaling

response to mitotic spindle checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of mitotic cell cycle spindle checkpoint signaling. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle]


response to signal involved in mitotic cell cycle spindle assembly checkpoint

mitotic cell cycle spindle assembly checkpoint effector process

response to mitotic cell cycle spindle assembly checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of mitotic cell cycle spindle assembly checkpoint signaling. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle]


mitotic cell cycle spindle orientation checkpoint effector process

response to signal involved in mitotic cell cycle spindle orientation checkpoint

response to mitotic cell cycle spindle orientation checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of mitotic cell cycle spindle orientation checkpoint signaling. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle]


spindle assembly checkpoint effector process

response to signal involved in spindle assembly checkpoint

response to spindle assembly checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of spindle assembly checkpoint signaling. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle]


A histone acetyltransferase complex that catalyzes the acetylation of a histone H4 lysine residue at position 16. In human, it contains the catalytic subunit MOF, and MSL1, MSL2 and MSL3. [PMID:16227571, PMID:20018852]


The process in which ammonium is transported across a membrane. Ammonium is the cation NH4+. [GOC:mah]


The process in which methylammonium is transported across a membrane. [GOC:mah]


toluene and derivative metabolic process

toluene-containing compound metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving toluene, methylbenzene (formula C7H8), or any of its derivatives. [GOC:mah]


toluene and derivative catabolic process

toluene-containing compound catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of toluene, methylbenzene (formula C7H8), or any of its derivatives. [GOC:mah]


host cell mitochondrial intermembrane space

The region between the inner and outer lipid bilayers of the host cell mitochondrial envelope. [GOC:ecd]


The volume enclosed by the membranes of the host cell endosome. [GOC:ecd]


A late endosome in which regions of the limiting host cell endosomal membrane invaginate to form internal vesicles; host membrane proteins that enter the internal vesicles are sequestered from the host cytoplasm. [GOC:rph]


host cell coiled body
coiled body of host

A class of nuclear body in the eukaryotic host cell, first seen after silver staining by Ramon y Cajal in 1903, enriched in small nuclear ribonucleoproteins, and certain general RNA polymerase II transcription factors; ultrastructurally, they appear as a tangle of coiled, electron-dense threads roughly 0.5 micrometers in diameter; involved in aspects of snRNP biogenesis; the protein coilin serves as a marker for Cajal bodies. Some argue that Cajal bodies are the sites for preassembly of transcriptosomes, unitary particles involved in transcription and processing of RNA. The host is the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. [GOC:rph]


Isoenergetic transfer of Pup from one protein to another via the reaction X-Pup + Y -> Y-Pup + X, where both the X-Pup and Y-Pup linkages are thioester bonds between the C-terminal amino acid of Pup and a sulfhydryl side group of a cysteine residue. [GOC:dph]


The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a mesenchymal stem cell. A mesenchymal stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized mesenchymal cells. [CL:0002452, GOC:BHF]


The process, occurring during the embryonic phase, whose specific outcome is the progression of the skeletal joints over time, from formation to mature structure. [GOC:BHF, GOC:vk]


The chemotaxis process that directs the migration of a photoreceptor cell axon growth cone to its target in the optic lobe in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues. [GOC:sart, PMID:20826677]


cellular divalent inorganic anion homeostasis

Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of divalent inorganic anions at the level of a cell. [GOC:mah]


cellular trivalent inorganic anion homeostasis

Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of trivalent inorganic anions at the level of a cell. [GOC:mah]


cellular divalent inorganic cation homeostasis

Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of divalent cations at the level of a cell. [GOC:mah]


cellular trivalent inorganic cation homeostasis

Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of trivalent cations at the level of a cell. [GOC:mah]


Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of divalent inorganic anions within an organism or cell. [GOC:mah]


Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of trivalent inorganic anions within an organism or cell. [GOC:mah]


Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of divalent cations within an organism or cell. [GOC:mah]


Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of trivalent cations within an organism or cell. [GOC:mah]


negative regulation of second heart field cardioblast proliferation

positive regulation of secondary heart field cardioblast proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardioblast proliferation in the second heart field. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating. The secondary heart field is the region of the heart that will form the majority of the mesodermal component of the right ventricle, the arterial pole (outflow tract) and the venous pole (inflow tract). [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, GOC:rl]